2017年 考研英语一段落排序 · 41-45 答案与解析

The first published sketch, "A Dinner at Poplar Walk" brought tears to Dickens's eyes when he discovered it in the pages of The Monthly Magazine. From then on his sketches, which appeared under the pen name "Boz" in The Evening Chronicle, earned him a modest reputation.

第一篇发表的速写《波普拉道散步晚宴》让狄更斯在《月刊杂志》的页面上发现它时热泪盈眶。从那时起,他以笔名"博兹"在《晚间纪事报》上发表的速写为他赢得了一定的声誉。

The runaway success of The Pickwick Papers, as it is generally known today, secured Dickens's fame. There were Pickwick coats and Pickwick cigars, and the plump, spectacled hero, Samuel Pickwick, became a national figure.

《匹克威克外传》的巨大成功(这是今天人们通常所知的名称)巩固了狄更斯的声望。市面上出现了匹克威克外套和匹克威克雪茄,而那位体态丰满、戴着眼镜的主人公塞缪尔·匹克威克成了一个全国性的人物。

Soon after Sketches by Boz appeared, a publishing firm approached Dickens to write a story in monthly installments, as a backdrop for a series of woodcuts by the then-famous artist Robert Seymour, who had originated the idea for the story. With characteristic confidence, Dickens successfully insisted that Seymour's pictures illustrate his own story instead. After the first installment, Dickens wrote to the artist and asked him to correct a drawing Dickens felt was not faithful enough to his prose. Seymour made the change, went into his backyard, and expressed his displeasure by committing suicide. Dickens and his publishers simply pressed on with a new artist. The comic novel, The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, appeared serially in 1836 and 1837 and was first published in book form in 1837.

《博兹速写集》出版后不久,一家出版公司找到狄更斯,请他按月连载的方式写一个故事,作为当时著名艺术家罗伯特·西摩尔一系列木刻版画的背景,这个故事的创意最初是由西摩尔提出的。狄更斯以其特有的自信成功地坚持让西摩尔的画来为他自己的故事配图。在第一期连载之后,狄更斯写信给这位艺术家,要求他修改一幅狄更斯认为不够忠实于他文字的画作。西摩尔做了修改,走进自己的后院,用自杀表达了他的不满。狄更斯和他的出版商只是继续与一位新的艺术家合作。这部滑稽小说《匹克威克俱乐部遗稿》于1836年和1837年连载发表,并于1837年首次以书籍形式出版。

Charles Dickens is probably the best-known and, to many people, the greatest English novelist of the 19th century. A moralist, satirist, and social reformer, Dickens crafted complex plots and striking characters that capture the panorama of English society.

查尔斯·狄更斯可能是19世纪最著名的英国小说家,对许多人来说也是最伟大的。作为一位道德家、讽刺作家和社会改革家,狄更斯创作了复杂的情节和鲜明的人物,捕捉了英国社会的全景。

Soon after his father's release from prison, Dickens got a better job as errand boy in law offices. He taught himself shorthand to get an even better job later as a court stenographer and as a reporter in Parliament. At the same time, Dickens, who had a reporter's eye for transcribing the life around him, especially anything comic or odd, submitted short sketches to obscure magazines.

父亲出狱后不久,狄更斯在律师事务所找到了一份更好的工作,担任跑腿的杂工。他自学速记,后来获得了一份更好的工作,担任法庭速记员和议会记者。与此同时,狄更斯具有记者的眼光,能够记录他周围的生活,尤其是任何滑稽或古怪的事物,他向一些不知名的杂志投稿短篇速写。

Dickens was born in Portsmouth, on England's southern coast. His father was a clerk in the British Navy pay office – a respectable position, but with little social status. His paternal grandparents, a steward and a housekeeper, possessed even less status, having been servants, and Dickens later concealed their background. Dickens's mother supposedly came from a more respectable family. Yet two years before Dickens's birth, his mother's father was caught stealing and fled to Europe, never to return. The family's increasing poverty forced Dickens out of school at age 12 to work in Warren's Blacking Warehouse, a shoe-polish factory, where the other working boys mocked him as "the young gentleman." His father was then imprisoned for debt. The humiliations of his father's imprisonment and his labor in the blacking factory formed Dickens's greatest wound and became his deepest secret. He could not confide them even to his wife, although they provide the unacknowledged foundation of his fiction.

狄更斯出生在英格兰南部海岸的朴茨茅斯。他的父亲是英国海军薪饷处的一名职员——这是一个体面的职位,但社会地位不高。他的祖父母,一位管家和一位女管家,地位更低,因为他们曾是仆人,狄更斯后来隐瞒了他们的背景。据说狄更斯的母亲来自一个更体面的家庭。然而在狄更斯出生前两年,他的外祖父因偷窃被抓,逃往欧洲,再也没有回来。家庭日益贫困迫使狄更斯12岁时辍学,到沃伦鞋油厂工作,那里其他工作的男孩嘲笑他是"小绅士"。他的父亲后来因债务入狱。父亲的牢狱之辱和他在鞋油厂劳作的经历构成了狄更斯最大的创伤,成为他内心最深的秘密。他甚至无法向妻子倾诉这些,尽管它们构成了他小说创作的隐秘基础。

After Pickwick, Dickens plunged into a bleaker world. In Oliver Twist, he traces an orphan's progress from the workhouse to the criminal slums of London. Nicholas Nickleby, his next novel, combines the darkness of Oliver Twist with the sunlight of Pickwick. The popularity of these novels consolidated Dickens as a nationally and internationally celebrated man of letters.

《匹克威克外传》之后,狄更斯投入到一个更加阴暗的世界。在《雾都孤儿》中,他追踪了一个孤儿从济贫院到伦敦犯罪贫民窟的成长历程。他的下一部小说《尼古拉斯·尼克尔贝》将《雾都孤儿》的阴暗与《匹克威克外传》的明快结合在一起。这些小说的流行巩固了狄更斯作为国内外著名文学家的地位。