2018年 考研英语一段落排序 · 41-45 答案与解析

In December of 1869, Congress appointed a commission to select a site and prepare plans and cost estimates for a new State Department Building. The commission was also to consider possible arrangements for the War and Navy Departments. To the horror of some who expected a Greek Revival twin of the Treasury Building to be erected on the other side of the White House, the elaborate French Second Empire style design by Alfred Mullett was selected, and construction of a building to house all three departments began in June of 1871.

1869年12月,国会任命了一个委员会来选址并为新的国务院大楼准备规划和成本估算。该委员会还要考虑陆军部和海军部可能的安排。令一些期待在白宫另一侧建造财政部大楼希腊复兴式孪生建筑的人感到震惊的是,Alfred Mullett设计的精美法国第二帝国风格方案被选中,容纳这三个部门的大楼于1871年6月开始建造。

Completed in 1875, the State Department's south wing was the first to be occupied, with its elegant four-story library (completed in 1876), Diplomatic Reception Room, and Secretary's office decorated with carved wood, Oriental rugs, and stenciled wall patterns. The Navy Department moved into the east wing in 1879, where elaborate wall and ceiling stenciling and marquetry floors decorated the office of the Secretary.

1875年竣工后,国务院南翼最先投入使用,其优雅的四层图书馆(1876年完工)、外交接待室和国务卿办公室装饰着雕刻木材、东方地毯和模板墙面图案。海军部于1879年迁入东翼,那里精美的墙面和天花板模板装饰以及镶嵌地板装点着部长办公室。

The State, War, and Navy Building, as it was originally known, housed the three Executive Branch Departments most intimately associated with formulating and conducting the nation's foreign policy in the last quarter of the nineteenth century and the first quarter of the twentieth century – the period when the United States emerged as an international power. The building has housed some of the nation's most significant diplomats and politicians and has been the scene of many historic events.

国务、陆军和海军大楼,这是它最初的名称,在19世纪最后25年和20世纪最初25年——美国崛起为国际大国的时期——容纳了与制定和实施国家外交政策最密切相关的三个行政部门。该建筑曾容纳过国家一些最重要的外交官和政治家,并且是许多历史事件的发生地。

Many of the most celebrated national figures have participated in historical events that have taken place within the EEOB's granite walls. Theodore and Franklin D. Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Lyndon B. Johnson, Gerald Ford, and George H. W. Bush all had offices in this building before becoming president. It has housed 16 Secretaries of the Navy, 21 Secretaries of War, and 24 Secretaries of State. Winston Churchill once walked its corridors and Japanese emissaries met here with Secretary of State Cordell Hull after the bombing of Pearl Harbor.

许多最著名的国家人物参与了在EEOB花岗岩墙内发生的历史事件。Theodore和Franklin D. Roosevelt、William Howard Taft、Dwight D. Eisenhower、Lyndon B. Johnson、Gerald Ford和George H. W. Bush在成为总统之前都曾在这座建筑里拥有办公室。它容纳过16位海军部长、21位陆军部长和24位国务卿。Winston Churchill曾在其走廊中漫步,珍珠港轰炸后日本使节曾在此与国务卿Cordell Hull会面。

The Eisenhower Executive Office Building (EEOB) commands a unique position in both the national history and the architectural heritage of the United States. Designed by Supervising Architect of the Treasury, Alfred B. Mullett, it was built from 1871 to 1888 to house the growing staffs of the State, War, and Navy Departments, and is considered one of the best examples of French Second Empire architecture in the country.

Eisenhower行政办公大楼(EEOB)在美国国家历史和建筑遗产中都占据着独特的地位。它由财政部监督建筑师Alfred B. Mullett设计,于1871年至1888年间建造,用以容纳不断增长的国务院、陆军部和海军部工作人员,被认为是美国法国第二帝国建筑风格的最佳范例之一。

Construction took 17 years as the building slowly rose wing by wing. When the EEOB was finished, it was the largest office building in Washington, with nearly 2 miles of black and white tiled corridors. Almost all of the interior detail is of cast iron or plaster; the use of wood was minimized to insure fire safety. Eight monumental curving staircases of granite with over 4,000 individually cast bronze balusters are capped by four skylight domes and two stained glass rotundas.

建造历时17年,大楼一翼接一翼缓慢拔地而起。当EEOB完工时,它是华盛顿最大的办公楼,拥有近2英里长的黑白瓷砖走廊。几乎所有内部细节都是铸铁或石膏制成的;木材的使用被最小化以确保消防安全。八座宏伟的花岗岩弧形楼梯配有超过4000个单独铸造的青铜栏杆,顶部是四个天窗穹顶和两个彩色玻璃圆形大厅。

The history of the EEOB began long before its foundations were laid. The first executive offices were constructed between 1799 and 1820. A series of fires (including those set by the British in 1814) and overcrowded conditions led to the construction of the existing Treasury Building. In 1866, the construction of the North Wing of the Treasury Building necessitated the demolition of the State Department building.

EEOB的历史远在其奠基之前就开始了。最初的行政办公室建于1799年至1820年间。一系列火灾(包括英国人在1814年放的火)和拥挤的条件导致了现有财政部大楼的建造。1866年,财政部大楼北翼的建设使得国务院大楼必须被拆除。