2015年12月·第2套 英语四级听力真题原文与答案解析
本页是 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力 的真题原文与答案解析页 —— 与试卷排版同一卷面层级（3 个 Section：短篇新闻 3 · 长对话 2 · 听力篇章 3），按录音篇目 逐篇排印：8 篇录音各自先给 共 1758 词的完整录音文字稿（逐段中译） ，再逐题接上该题的题目与解析 ——题干与选项中译、正确答案、答案句录音原文与中译、答案信号、同义替换对照与错项原词陷阱归因，全卷共 25 道四选一的题，答案字母分布 A 5 · B 7 · C 7 · D 6。
本套原声音频可直接在本页在线收听（页面底部播放条：0.75–1.5 倍速、前后 10 秒、按录音篇目跳听；各篇题行另有「播放本篇」按钮）。同题型其余套的音频见 英语四级听力真题总页。
听力题和解析
本卷全部 25 题的标准答案与完整录音文字稿由懒笔记基于2015年12月·第2套 英语四级听力原卷逐题核对整理。与试卷排版同一卷面层级：Part/Section 标题与各节 Directions 照原卷排印——真实听力考卷只印选项，题干由录音念出。其下按录音篇目逐篇排印：每篇先给完整录音文字稿（逐段中译），再逐题给出卷面题目与该题解析（题目、翻译、答案、定位、信号、替换与排除）。
以下按录音篇目排印：每篇先给录音原文与逐段中译（考卷上没有，考试时录音只播一遍、卷面只印选项），再逐题给出卷面题目与解析。
Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg wrote a letter to his baby girl, Max, on Tuesday. He wants her "to grow up in a world better than ours today." Zuckerberg wrote that he and his wife, Priscilla Chan, would donate 99% of his Facebook stock shares, worth about $45 billion, to do just that.
Facebook创始人马克·扎克伯格在周二给他的女儿Max写了一封信。他希望她"在一个比我们今天更美好的世界中长大"。扎克伯格写道,他和妻子普莉希拉·陈将捐赠他99%的Facebook股份,价值约450亿美元,以实现这一目标。
Even with the large donation, Zuckerberg will remain extremely rich. After the news came out, Zuckerberg was one of the most searched names on Google. His Facebook post received more than one million likes. Well-known people like Shakira and Arnold Schwarzenegger also gave the thumbs-up. Financial analysts say it is a good move to prevent the shares from being taxed when they are sold.
即使捐出如此巨额的资产,扎克伯格仍将极其富有。消息传出后,扎克伯格成为Google上搜索次数最多的名字之一。他的Facebook帖子获得了超过一百万个赞。Shakira和Arnold Schwarzenegger等知名人士也点了赞。金融分析师表示,这是一个避免股份出售时被征税的好举措。
The shares will be donated to the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative over Zuckerberg's lifetime. Zuckerberg and his wife, Chan, head the organization, of course.
这些股份将在扎克伯格的有生之年捐赠给Chan Zuckerberg Initiative。当然,扎克伯格和他的妻子陈负责领导该组织。
What is the news report mainly about?
这则新闻报道主要讲的是什么?
- A) Zuckerberg给他刚出生的女儿写了一封信。
- B) Zuckerberg希望他的女儿在一个更美好的世界中长大。
- C) Zuckerberg成为Google上搜索次数最多的名字之一。
- D) Zuckerberg决定捐出他持有的大部分Facebook股份。
Zuckerberg wrote that he and his wife, Priscilla Chan, would donate 99% of his Facebook stock shares, worth about $45 billion, to do just that.
扎克伯格写道，他和妻子普莉希拉·陈将捐出他所持 Facebook 股票的 99%（价值约 450 亿美元），以实现这一目标。
首段落点即核心事件。新闻把最重要的事放在开头：第 1 段先交代写信，紧接着 would donate 99% of his Facebook stock shares 给出本则新闻分量最重、后文都围绕它展开（搜索、点赞、税务、捐给哪个机构）的核心动作——"捐出大部分股票"，这就是主旨落点。
- donate 99% of his Facebook stock sharesdonate most of his Facebook shares99% 概括成 most
- A)原词陷阱录音开头确实说了 wrote a letter to his baby girl，Zuckerberg wrote a letter to his new-born baby girl. 原词照搬，听到很想选；但写信只是引出"捐股票"的由头，不是新闻主要内容，属于以细节冒充主旨。
借用原文：wrote a letter to his baby girl
- B)原词陷阱Zuckerberg wants his baby girl to grow up in a better world. 几乎照搬录音 to grow up in a world better than ours today，但这只是他捐款背后的"愿望/动机"，新闻报的是"捐"这个行动本身，愿望撑不起主旨。
借用原文：to grow up in a world better than ours today
- C)原词陷阱Zuckerberg became one of the most searched names on Google. 对应录音第 2 段 Zuckerberg was one of the most searched names on Google，原词几乎一字不差；但这是消息发布"之后"的连带反应，是细节，不是新闻主线。
借用原文：Zuckerberg was one of the most searched names on Google
How much are the stock shares to be donated by Zuckerberg worth now?
Zuckerberg将要捐出的股份现在价值多少?
- A) 约4500万美元。
- B) 约5000万美元。
- C) 约450亿美元。
- D) 约990亿美元。
Zuckerberg wrote that he and his wife, Priscilla Chan, would donate 99% of his Facebook stock shares, worth about $45 billion, to do just that.
扎克伯格写道，他和妻子普莉希拉·陈将捐出他所持 Facebook 股票的 99%（价值约 450 亿美元），以实现这一目标。
worth 紧跟金额。金额信息由 worth about $45 billion 直接给出，"worth"（价值）一词后面紧跟的就是题目要的钱数；听到"worth/价值"这类词就该绷紧神经抓后面的数字和单位。
- worth about $45 billionAbout $45 billion.金额原样照应
- A)原词陷阱About $45 million. 数字 45 与录音 $45 billion 相同，专坑把 billion（十亿）听成 million（百万）的人；数字对了、单位错了就满盘皆输，这是金额题最常见的死法。
借用原文：about $45 billion
- B)未提及About $50 million. 的 50 在录音里根本没念到，金额是 45 不是 50，属于凭空编造的数字，用来给没听清的人当退路。
- D)张冠李戴About $99 billion. 里的 99 来自录音 donate 99% of his Facebook stock shares 的"99%"，把"捐股比例 99%"偷换成"金额 99 billion"，听到"99"就想选的人正中圈套；金额是 45 billion，不是 99。
借用原文：donate 99% of his Facebook stock shares
Delegates from almost 200 nations at the UN climate change summit in Paris have reached a draft agreement on how to move forward on the issue.
来自近200个国家的代表在巴黎联合国气候变化峰会上就如何推进这一议题达成了一份协议草案。
The text, which runs to 42 pages, was approved on Saturday after four years' work that started in Durban in 2011. It presents options for dealing with everything from the long-term goals of combating climate change, to financial assistance for developing nations that will need help to move away from fossil fuels. There's a broad political will to come to a global agreement here in Paris and that is good news. What is still missing in the text is a clear vision to go 100 percent renewable energy by mid-century, which gives us a chance to help those people who suffer from catastrophic climate change.
这份长达42页的文本于周六获得批准，此前经过了四年的努力，始于2011年在德班启动的进程。它提出了应对气候变化长期目标到为需要帮助摆脱化石燃料的发展中国家提供财政援助等各方面问题的选项。在巴黎达成全球协议的广泛政治意愿是存在的,这是个好消息。文本中仍然缺少的是到本世纪中叶实现100%可再生能源的明确愿景,这将使我们有机会帮助那些遭受灾难性气候变化影响的人们。
To draw attention to what they see as the time pressure on the issue, campaigners led by Danish artist Olafur Eliasson, have installed 12 mini-icebergs in the shape of a clock in the Place le Pantheon. The ice was brought all the way from Greenland in temperature-controlled containers.
为了引起人们对他们所认为的这一议题时间紧迫性的关注,由丹麦艺术家Olafur Eliasson领导的活动人士在先贤祠广场安装了12座呈时钟形状排列的迷你冰山。这些冰块是用温控集装箱从格陵兰岛一路运来的。
What can we learn about the draft agreement?
关于协议草案我们能了解到什么?
- A) 它在周日获得批准。
- B) 它长达42页。
- C) 它针对富裕国家应对气候变化。
- D) 它对可再生能源有清晰的愿景。
The text, which runs to 42 pages, was approved on Saturday after four years' work that started in Durban in 2011.
这份文本共42页，在历经从2011年德班启动的四年工作之后，于周六获得通过。
同位插入语直给页数。答案藏在主语后的插入语 which runs to 42 pages 里——新闻爱用 which/who 引导的插入说明顺带塞进一个关键数据。听到 The text 之后紧跟一个 which 从句报出 42 pages，就该立刻锁定"页数"这一钩子；同句的 approved on Saturday 与 Durban 是来核对其余选项真伪的对照点。
- which runs to 42 pagesIt runs to 42 pages.插入语改写成完整句
- A)原词陷阱录音明说 was approved on Saturday（周六通过），选项 It was approved on Sunday. 盗用了 approved 这个原词，只把 Saturday 偷偷换成 Sunday。听到 approved 就选会中招——这是新闻在"哪一天"上设的经典原词陷阱。
借用原文：was approved on Saturday
- C)偷换概念录音说这份文本为 financial assistance for developing nations（向发展中国家提供资助）作出安排，选项 It targets rich countries tackling climate change. 却说它"针对富国"。录音借用了 climate change 等原词，但对象由"发展中国家"被换成"rich countries"，方向完全拧了。
借用原文：financial assistance for developing nations
- D)与原文相反录音原文是 What is still missing in the text is a clear vision to go 100 percent renewable energy——"文本里仍然缺少"一份转向可再生能源的清晰愿景。选项 It has a clear vision to go renewable energy. 盗用了 clear vision、renewable energy 等整串原词，却把 still missing（仍缺少）反说成 has（已有），与原文极性相反。
借用原文：What is still missing in the text is a clear vision to go 100 percent renewable energy
Where have the twelve mini-icebergs been placed?
这十二座迷你冰山被放置在哪里?
- A) 在Denmark。
- B) 在Greenland。
- C) 在Durban。
- D) 在先贤祠广场。
campaigners led by Danish artist Olafur Eliasson, have installed 12 mini-icebergs in the shape of a clock in the Place le Pantheon.
由丹麦艺术家奥拉维尔·埃利亚松带领的活动人士，把12座做成时钟形状的迷你冰山安置在了先贤祠广场。
放置动词后即地点。答案信号是"安放"动词 have installed 12 mini-icebergs 后面紧跟的地点 in the Place le Pantheon。题干问 placed（放在哪），录音用同义的 installed 报出动作，动作之后第一个 in + 地点就是落点。听到 installed 12 mini-icebergs 立刻把耳朵压在它后面的地名上。
- in the Place le PantheonIn the Place de la Pantheon.同一地名直接对应
- have installed 12 mini-icebergsIn the Place de la Pantheon.installed 等价于题干 placed
- A)原词陷阱录音里 Denmark 的踪迹来自 Danish artist Olafur Eliasson——丹麦只是带队艺术家的国籍，不是冰山被放的地方。选项 In Denmark. 盗用 Danish 这个原词来骗"听到丹麦就选"，实则答非所问。
借用原文：Danish artist Olafur Eliasson
- B)答非所问录音说 The ice was brought all the way from Greenland——格陵兰是冰"运来"的来源，不是冰山被安置的地点。选项 In Greenland. 正是预读时标记的高危干扰：把"来自哪里"偷换成"放在哪里"。
借用原文：The ice was brought all the way from Greenland
- C)张冠李戴Durban 出自上一段 after four years' work that started in Durban in 2011——德班是这场协议工作"四年前启动"的会议地，与冰山放置毫不相干。选项 In Durban. 借这个背景地名制造跨段干扰。
借用原文：after four years' work that started in Durban in 2011
On Sunday, Argentinians voted for their country's next president. Many opinion surveys showed that the ruling party candidate Daniel Scioli would be the clear winner. Mr. Scioli is governor of Buenos Aires province and the chosen successor of Argentina's president, Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner.
周日，阿根廷人投票选举该国下一任总统。许多民意调查显示，执政党候选人丹尼尔·肖利将是明显的赢家。肖利先生是布宜诺斯艾利斯省省长，也是阿根廷总统克里斯蒂娜·费尔南德斯·德基什内尔钦定的继任者。
But the surveys were wrong. Mr. Scioli won 35.9 percent, but not enough to win the presidency. Mauricio Macri, the mayor of Buenos Aires, finished in second place with 35.2 percent of the vote. This means Argentina will hold its first-ever runoff election next month. Voters will choose between the two men on November 22. Mr. Macri says he wants to lift some financial controls and trade restrictions in an effort to help the country's economy. Mr. Scioli has promised to defend the central ideas of what observers are calling "kirchnerism." These are populist beliefs built around trade protectionism, social welfare programs and defense of the working class. Mr. Scioli adds that he will seek a more measured approach to economic reform.
但民调错了。肖利先生获得了35.9%的选票，但不足以赢得总统职位。布宜诺斯艾利斯市长毛里西奥·马克里以35.2%的得票率位居第二。这意味着阿根廷将在下个月举行有史以来第一次决选。选民将在11月22日在两人之间做出选择。马克里先生表示，他希望取消一些金融管制和贸易限制，以帮助该国经济。肖利先生承诺捍卫观察家所称的"基什内尔主义"的核心理念。这些是围绕贸易保护主义、社会福利计划和捍卫工人阶级而建立的民粹主义信念。肖利先生补充说,他将寻求一种更为温和的经济改革方式。
Under Argentine law, a candidate must have more than 45 percent of the vote to be declared the winner. A candidate can also win with at least 40 percent of the vote and a margin of 10 points over the next candidate.
根据阿根廷法律,候选人必须获得超过45%的选票才能被宣布为获胜者。候选人也可以以至少40%的得票率获胜,且领先第二名候选人10个百分点。
Who is Mauricio Macri?
Mauricio Macri是谁？
- A) 执政党候选人。
- B) 阿根廷总统钦定的接班人。
- C) 布宜诺斯艾利斯省省长。
- D) 布宜诺斯艾利斯市市长。
Mauricio Macri, the mayor of Buenos Aires, finished in second place with 35.2 percent of the vote.
布宜诺斯艾利斯市市长毛里西奥·马克里以 35.2% 的得票率位居第二。
人名后的同位语即身份。答案信号是人名紧跟的同位语：Mauricio Macri, the mayor of Buenos Aires，人名后用逗号补一个头衔，这个 the mayor of Buenos Aires 就是他的身份，无需推断、直接锁定。
- the mayor of Buenos AiresThe mayor of Buenos Aires.头衔几乎原样对应
- A)张冠李戴The ruling party candidate. 盗用了录音 the ruling party candidate Daniel Scioli，但那是 Scioli 的身份，不是 Macri 的，把别人的头衔安到 Macri 头上，是对话/多人新闻里最常见的张冠李戴。
借用原文：the ruling party candidate Daniel Scioli
- B)张冠李戴The chosen successor of Argentina's president. 来自录音 the chosen successor of Argentina's president，但原文这话说的是 Scioli，不是 Macri，同样是把 Scioli 的身份移花接木给 Macri。
借用原文：the chosen successor of Argentina's president
- C)张冠李戴The governor of Buenos Aires province. 取自录音 Mr. Scioli is governor of Buenos Aires province，那是 Scioli 的职务；和 D 的 mayor 只差一字、又同在 Buenos Aires，专门诱你混省长与市长。
借用原文：Mr. Scioli is governor of Buenos Aires province
What does Mr. Macri want to do?
Macri先生想做什么？
- A) 收紧贸易限制。
- B) 取消一些金融管制。
- C) 实施社会福利计划。
- D) 寻求经济改革的帮助。
Mr. Macri says he wants to lift some financial controls and trade restrictions in an effort to help the country's economy.
马克里表示他想解除部分金融管制和贸易限制，以提振国家经济。
wants to 表意愿即主张落点。答案信号是表意愿的 Mr. Macri says he wants to lift some financial controls，wants to 后跟的动作就是他的主张；动词 lift（解除/放开）是方向关键，必须听准是放不是收。
- lift some financial controlsLift some financial controls.动作短语整体对应
- A)与原文相反Tighten trade restrictions. 借了录音里的 trade restrictions，但原文是 lift some financial controls and trade restrictions——Macri 要 lift（放开）贸易限制，选项却说 tighten（收紧），方向反了，是典型 "原词在、方向反"。
借用原文：lift some financial controls and trade restrictions
- C)张冠李戴Carry out social welfare programs. 取自录音 social welfare programs，但那是描述 Scioli 所守的 kirchnerism 信条，不是 Macri 的主张，把别人的政策记到 Macri 头上。
借用原文：social welfare programs and defense of the working class
- D)张冠李戴Seek the help of economic reform. 化用录音 he will seek a more measured approach to economic reform，但 seek…economic reform 说的是 Scioli，不是 Macri；且原文是 "更稳健地推进改革"，并非 "寻求改革之助"。
借用原文：Mr. Scioli adds that he will seek a more measured approach to economic reform
What was said about the Argentine election law?
关于阿根廷选举法，有何说法？
- A) 获得超过45%选票的候选人可以赢得总统职位。
- B) 比第二名多10个百分点的候选人赢得总统职位。
- C) 任何赢得最多选票的候选人都可能是获胜者。
- D) 任何赢得至少40%选票的候选人都会当选。
Under Argentine law, a candidate must have more than 45 percent of the vote to be declared the winner. A candidate can also win with at least 40 percent of the vote and a margin of 10 points over the next candidate.
根据阿根廷法律，候选人得票须超过 45% 方可被宣布为获胜者；候选人也可凭至少 40% 的得票率、且领先次名 10 个百分点而获胜。
规定句式 must have 领出门槛。答案信号是讲规则的句式 a candidate must have more than 45 percent of the vote to be declared the winner，must have…to be declared 直接给出第一条当选门槛；其后的 can also win 引出第二条。两条都要听全。
- must have more than 45 percent of the vote to be declared the winnerA candidate with over 45 percent of the vote could win the presidency.more than = over，含义对应
- B)原词陷阱A candidate who has 10 more points over the second wins the presidency. 盗用录音 a margin of 10 points over the next candidate，但原文 10 个点是第二条规则的附加条件，前提还得 at least 40 percent；选项只取 10 点、丢掉 40% 门槛，把条件拆错了。
借用原文：at least 40 percent of the vote and a margin of 10 points over the next candidate
- C)与原文相反Any candidate who wins the most of the vote could be the winner. 说 "得票最多即当选"，但录音规则是要过 45%（或 40%+领先10点），并非简单多数；本则新闻里 Scioli 票最多却仍要进入第二轮，恰恰反证该规则不成立。
借用原文：must have more than 45 percent of the vote to be declared the winner
- D)原词陷阱Any candidate who wins at least 40 percent of the vote gets elected. 盗用录音 at least 40 percent of the vote，但原文这条 40% 必须再加 a margin of 10 points over the next candidate 才当选；选项只留 40%、丢掉领先 10 点的并列条件，同样是拆错条件。
借用原文：at least 40 percent of the vote and a margin of 10 points over the next candidate
W: Hi, Leo. Why do you say English will become the world language?
W: 嗨，Leo。你为什么说英语会成为世界语言？
M: Well. For one thing, it's so commonly used—the only language that is used by more people is Chinese.
M: 嗯。首先，它用得非常普遍——使用人数比它多的只有中文。
W: Why do so many people speak English?
W: 为什么有那么多人说英语？
M: It's spoken in many countries of the world because of the British Empire, and now of course, that's the influence of America as well.
M: 因为大英帝国的缘故，世界上许多国家都说英语，当然现在也有美国的影响。
W: Many students find English a difficult language to learn.
W: 许多学生觉得英语是一门难学的语言。
M: Oh, all languages are difficult to learn. But English does have two great advantages.
M: 哦，所有语言学起来都难。但英语确实有两大优势。
W: What are they?
W: 是什么？
M: Well, first of all, it has a very international vocabulary. It has many German, Dutch, French, Spanish and Italian words in it. So speakers of those languages will find many familiar words in English. In fact, English has words for many other languages as well.
M: 嗯，首先，它的词汇非常国际化。它有很多德语、荷兰语、法语、西班牙语和意大利语单词。所以说那些语言的人会在英语中发现很多熟悉的词。实际上，英语还有来自许多其他语言的单词。
W: Why is that?
W: 为什么会这样？
M: Well, partly because English speakers have travelled a lot. They bring back words with them. So English really does have an international vocabulary.
M: 嗯，部分原因是说英语的人旅行很多。他们把词汇带回来。所以英语确实有国际化的词汇。
W: And what's the other advantage of English?
W: 那英语的另一个优势是什么？
M: It's that English grammar is really quite easy. For example, it doesn't have dozens of different endings for its nouns, adjectives and verbs, not like Latin, Russian and German for example.
M: 就是英语语法真的相当简单。比如，它的名词、形容词和动词没有几十种不同的词尾变化，不像拉丁语、俄语和德语那样。
W: Why is that?
W: 为什么会这样？
M: Well, it's quite interesting actually. It's because of the French. When the French ruled England, French was the official language, and only the common people spoke English. They tried to make their language as simple as possible. So they made the grammar easier.
M: 嗯，这其实挺有意思的。这是因为法国人。当法国人统治英格兰时，法语是官方语言，只有普通百姓说英语。他们试图让自己的语言尽可能简单。所以他们把语法简化了。
What does the man say about Chinese?
男士对中文有何评价?
- A) 它比英语更难学。
- B) 使用它的人比使用英语的人多。
- C) 它将和英语一样被普遍使用。
- D) 它最终将成为一种世界语言。
For one thing, it's so commonly used—the only language that is used by more people is Chinese.
一来，它(英语)使用极广——唯一比它使用人数更多的语言是中文。
被问者的直接应答+唯一性措辞。这是男士回应『英语为何会成世界语言』的应答句，且用了 the only language that is used by more people 这种『唯一』措辞点名中文，应答方+唯一性强调，正是答案句信号。
- the only language that is used by more people is ChineseIt is used by more people than English同义改写：唯一用得更多=用的人比英语多
- A)张冠李戴录音确有谈『难学』，但 Many students find English a difficult language to learn. 说的是英语难学，本项却把『难学』安到中文头上说 It is more difficult to learn than English.，是张冠李戴。
借用原文：Many students find English a difficult language to learn.
- C)未提及It will be as commonly used as English. 声称中文会和英语一样常用，录音只比了当下使用人数(中文更多)，从未说两者将来会一样常用，属未提及。
- D)张冠李戴It will eventually become a world language. 这句『将成为世界语言』在录音里是说英语的(开篇 Why do you say English will become the world language?)，本题问的是中文，搬过来即张冠李戴。
借用原文：Why do you say English will become the world language?
What made English a widely-used language?
是什么使英语成为一种广泛使用的语言?
- A) 它从许多语言中借用的词汇。
- B) 它在普通民众中的流行程度。
- C) 大英帝国的影响。
- D) 工业革命的作用。
It's spoken in many countries of the world because of the British Empire, and now of course, that's the influence of America as well.
因为大英帝国，英语在世界许多国家被使用；当然，现在也有美国的影响。
因果信号 because of。女士问 Why do so many people speak English? 后，男士用 because of the British Empire 直接给出原因，because of 就是这道原因题的答案信号。
- because of the British EmpireThe influence of the British Empire几乎原词：『因为大英帝国』=『大英帝国的影响』
- A)答非所问Its loan words from many languages. 借的是录音后面讲词汇时的 it has a very international vocabulary，那是英语的『优势』，不是它『广为使用』的原因，答非所问。
借用原文：it has a very international vocabulary
- B)答非所问Its popularity with the common people. 蹭的是末段 only the common people spoke English，那是解释语法为何简单的背景，和『英语为何广用』无关，答非所问。
借用原文：only the common people spoke English
- D)未提及The effect of the Industrial Revolution. 听着像合理的历史原因，但录音从头到尾没出现 Industrial Revolution，属未提及。
What is said to be special about English vocabulary?
英语词汇有何特别之处?
- A) 它包含大量来自其他语言的词汇。
- B) 它有越来越多的新造词。
- C) 它可以被海外旅行者轻松掌握。
- D) 它是世界上所有语言中词汇量最大的。
Well, first of all, it has a very international vocabulary. It has many German, Dutch, French, Spanish and Italian words in it.
首先，它有非常国际化的词汇，里面有许多德语、荷兰语、法语、西班牙语和意大利语的词。
被问者罗列佐证的应答句。男士在 first of all 后直接给词汇特点，并以 many German, Dutch, French, Spanish and Italian words 一连串语言名作证，是承载答案的应答+举证句。
- It has many German, Dutch, French, Spanish and Italian words in it.It includes a lot of words from other languages.具体外语名概括成『其他语言』
- B)未提及It has a growing number of newly coined words. 讲的是新造词数量增长，录音只说英语含大量外来词，从未提『新造词』，属未提及。
- C)答非所问It can be easily picked up by overseas travellers. 蹭了录音 English speakers have travelled a lot 里的 travel，但录音说的是说英语者四处旅行带回词汇，不是『海外旅行者容易学会英语』，答非所问。
借用原文：English speakers have travelled a lot
- D)张冠李戴It is the largest among all languages in the world. 用 the largest 制造『英语词汇量最大』的印象，但录音里被说『使用人数最多』的是中文(见 the only language that is used by more people is Chinese)，且从没说英语词汇量最大，张冠李戴又夸大。
借用原文：the only language that is used by more people is Chinese
What does the man say is the second advantage of English?
男士说英语的第二个优势是什么?
- A) 它有许多国际通用词汇。
- B) 它的发音很容易。
- C) 它的语法非常简单。
- D) 它没有不同的方言。
It's that English grammar is really quite easy. For example, it doesn't have dozens of different endings for its nouns, adjectives and verbs.
那就是英语语法相当简单。比如，它的名词、形容词、动词不像别的语言那样有几十种不同的词尾变化。
回应『另一个优势』的应答句。女士追问 what's the other advantage of English?，男士紧接着答 English grammar is really quite easy，这是对『第二个优势』提问的直接应答，即答案句。
- English grammar is really quite easyIts grammar is very simple.easy=simple 的同义替换
- A)答非所问It has many international words. 对应的是录音第一个优势 it has a very international vocabulary，本题问第二个优势，拿第一点来答即错位。
借用原文：it has a very international vocabulary
- B)未提及It can be pronounced easily. 谈发音容易，录音讲的两个优势是词汇国际化和语法简单，从未提发音，属未提及。
- D)过度推断It has no different dialects. 没有直接原文支撑——录音说的是语法没有几十种 different endings(词尾变化)，并非『没有不同方言』，把『词尾』偷换成『方言』属过度推断。
借用原文：dozens of different endings for its nouns, adjectives and verbs
M: Hello. Yes?
M: 你好。什么事？
W: Hello. Is that the sales department?
W: 你好。请问是销售部吗？
M: Yes, it is.
M: 是的。
W: Oh, well. My name is Jane Kingsbury of GPF Ltd. Um, we need some supplies for our designer office.
W: 哦，好的。我是GPF有限公司的Jane Kingsbury。嗯，我们的设计办公室需要一些用品。
M: Oh, what sort?
M: 哦，什么类型的？
W: Well, first of all, we need one complete new drawing board.
W: 嗯，首先，我们需要一块全新的绘图板。
M: Er, DO44 or DO45?
M: 呃，DO44还是DO45？
W: Ah, I don't know. What's the difference?
W: 啊，我不知道。有什么区别？
M: Well, the 45 costs 15 pounds more.
M: 嗯，45型贵15英镑。
W: Hmm… So what's the total price then?
W: 嗯……那总价是多少呢？
M: It's 387 pounds.
M: 387英镑。
W: Does that include value-added tax?
W: 这包括增值税吗？
M: Oh, I'm not sure. Most of the prices do. Yes, I think it does.
M: 哦，我不确定。大部分价格都包含。是的，我想是包括的。
W: Hmm, what are the boards actually made of?
W: 嗯，这些板子实际上是什么材料做的？
M: Oh, I don't know. I think it's a sort of plastic stuff these days. It's white anyway.
M: 哦，我不知道。我想现在是某种塑料材质。反正是白色的。
W: Hmm, and how long does it take to deliver?
W: 嗯，送货要多长时间？
M: Oh, I couldn't really say. It depends on how much work we've got and how many other orders there are to send out, you know.
M: 哦，我真说不好。这取决于我们有多少工作量，还有多少其他订单要发出去，你知道的。
W: OK, now we also want some drawing pens, ink and rulers, and some drawing paper.
W: 好的，现在我们还想要一些绘图笔、墨水和尺子，还有一些绘图纸。
M: Oh, dear. The girl that takes orders for supplies isn't here this morning. So I can't take those orders for you. I only do the equipment you see.
M: 哦，天哪。负责接用品订单的那个女孩今天早上不在。所以我没法帮你下那些订单。我只负责设备，你明白吧。
W: OK, well, perhaps I ring back tomorrow.
W: 好吧，那也许我明天再打过来。
M: So do you want the drawing board then?
M: 那你要那块绘图板吗？
W: Oh, I have to think about it. Thanks very much. I'll let you know. Goodbye.
W: 哦，我得考虑一下。非常感谢。我会告诉你的。再见。
M: Thank you. Goodbye.
M: 谢谢。再见。
What is the woman's purpose in making the phone call?
女士打电话的目的是什么?
- A) 退货。
- B) 申请工作。
- C) 下订单。
- D) 投诉。
My name is Jane Kingsbury of GPF Ltd. Um, we need some supplies for our designer office.
我叫简·金斯伯里，来自 GPF 有限公司。嗯，我们的设计室需要采购一些用品。
自报家门后的来意句。女方先自报身份，紧接着 we need some supplies for our designer office 就是亮明来意的那句——目的题的答案信号正是这种通话开头"我是谁＋我要什么"的结构。后文她逐项询价、确认价格，进一步坐实是来订货而非别的。
- we need some supplies for our designer officeTo place an order.需要采购用品＝下订单
- A)未提及To return some goods.（退货）与原文相反——女方是来"需要"东西、要买进，不是退回；全程没有任何已购货物要退的内容。
- B)未提及To apply for a job.（求职）原文毫无线索，女方一上来就谈买东西，与应聘无关。
- D)过度推断To make a complaint.（投诉）容易因女方一连串追问（价格、含税否、材质、送货）听起来"挑剔"而误选，但她全程在询价、议货，是订货前的正常打听，并无任何不满表达。
借用原文：how long does it take to deliver?
What do we learn about the man from the conversation?
从对话中我们了解到男士的什么情况?
- A) 他对女士变得有些不耐烦了。
- B) 他不熟悉商品的具体细节。
- C) 他在销售部工作的时间不长。
- D) 他在公司做兼职工作。
Oh, I'm not sure. Most of the prices do. Yes, I think it does. / Oh, I don't know. I think it's a sort of plastic stuff these days.
哦，我不太确定。大部分价格是含的。嗯，我想是含的。／哦，我不知道。我想这年头大概是种塑料材质吧。
反复出现的"我不确定/我不知道"。男方被问到是否含税时 I'm not sure、被问材质时 I don't know，对货品细节一问三不知。这种"同一信号在答问中反复出现"就是答案信号——细节归纳题要靠多处一致的表现而非单句来判。
- I'm not sureHe is not familiar with the exact details of the goods.屡答不知＝不熟货品细节
- I don't know. I think it's a sort of plastic stuffnot familiar with the exact details of the goods连材质都靠猜
- A)过度推断He has become somewhat impatient with the woman.（对女方不耐烦）易因他屡屡"不知道"而被听成"嫌烦"，但他始终在配合作答、还反问 So do you want the drawing board then?，并无不耐烦的措辞或语气，属脑补。
- C)未提及He has not worked in the sales department for long.（在销售部没干多久）听着像是"不熟业务"的合理解释，但原文只说他不管接文具订单 I only do the equipment，从没提他入职时间长短，是无中生有的推因。
- D)偷换概念He works on a part-time basis for the company.（兼职）易被他"只管设备、不接文具单"勾出"他大概只干一部分活"的联想，但 I only do the equipment 说的是分工不同，不等于兼职，原文从未提工作是否为 part-time。
借用原文：I only do the equipment
What does the man say about delivery?
男士关于配送说了什么?
- A) 这不是他的职责。
- B) 大宗订单免配送费。
- C) 快递配送需要额外支付15英镑。
- D) 这取决于多种因素。
Oh, I couldn't really say. It depends on how much work we've got and how many other orders there are to send out, you know.
哦，这我真说不准。要看我们手头有多少活、还有多少别的订单要发出去，你懂的。
被问送货后的直接应答。女方问 how long does it take to deliver?，男方紧接着的应答 It depends on how much work we've got and how many other orders 就是答案句——对话题的答案信号正是"被问者对该问题的直接回答"，问送货，答案就落在他答送货的这句。
- It depends on how much work we've got and how many other orders there areIt depends on a number of factors.罗列的多种情况＝若干因素
- A)张冠李戴It is not his responsibility.（这不归他管）盗用了后文 I only do the equipment——但"不归他管"说的是文具订单不归他接，并非送货；把另一处的"不归他管"安到"送货"头上，属张冠李戴。
借用原文：I only do the equipment
- B)未提及It will be free for large orders.（大单免送货费）原文从未提送货是否收费、更没说大单免费，是凭"商家常有大单优惠"的常识编出来的。
- C)原词陷阱It costs £15 more for express delivery. 死盗原文 the 45 costs 15 pounds more 里的"15 pounds more"——但那"贵 15 镑"说的是 DO45 比 DO44 贵，是型号差价，跟送货、跟 express 毫无关系。听到"15"就选，正中原词陷阱。
借用原文：the 45 costs 15 pounds more
What does the woman say she will possibly do tomorrow?
女士说她明天可能会做什么?
- A) 向她的上级汇报信息。
- B) 拜访负责的女销售员。
- C) 做出决定后再回电。
- D) 向其他一些公司询价。
OK, well, perhaps I ring back tomorrow. / Oh, I have to think about it. Thanks very much. I'll let you know.
好吧，那我也许明天再打回来。／哦，我得再考虑考虑。非常感谢，我会再通知你的。
结尾告别前的安排句。女方在挂电话前说 perhaps I ring back tomorrow，又说 I have to think about it…I'll let you know——"想好了再回电"。结尾告别处带 perhaps/I'll 的安排句，正是这类"接下来做什么"题的答案信号。
- perhaps I ring back tomorrowRing back when she comes to a decision.明天回电＝想好后回电
- A)未提及Report the information to her superior.（向上级汇报）原文没有任何"上司/汇报"的内容，她只说自己再考虑，是无中生有。
- B)原词陷阱Pay a visit to the saleswoman in charge.（去拜访负责的销售女士）易被男方提到的 The girl that takes orders for supplies 勾出联想，但原文只说那位负责接单的姑娘今早不在，女方从没说要去拜访她；"visit"原文也没有。
借用原文：The girl that takes orders for supplies isn't here this morning
- D)未提及Make inquiries with some other companies.（向别家公司打听）听着像"货比三家"的合理之举，但女方只说自己再想想、想好回电，根本没提去问别的公司，是常识脑补。
No one knows for sure just how old kites are. In fact, they've been in use for centuries. 25 centuries ago, kites were well-known in China. These first kites were probably made of wood. They may even have been covered with silk, because silk was used a lot at that time. Early kites were built for certain uses. In ancient China, they were used to carry ropes to cross rivers. Once across, the ropes were tied down and wooden bridges were hung from them. Legend tells of one General who flew musical kites over the enemy's camp. The enemy fled, believing the sounds to be the warning voices of angels. By the 15th century, many people flew kites in Europe. Marco Polo may have brought the kite back from his visit to China. The kite has been linked to great names and events. For instance, Benjamin Franklin used a kite to prove that lightning is electricity. He flew the kite in the storm. He did this in order to draw lightning from the clouds. He tied a metal key and a strip of silk to the kite line. The silk ribbon would stop the lightning from passing through his body. Benjamin's idea was first laughed at. But later on, it led to the invention of the lightning rod. With such a grand history, kite flying is sure to remain an entertaining and popular sport.
没有人确切知道风筝究竟有多古老。事实上，风筝已经使用了几个世纪。25个世纪以前，风筝在中国就已经广为人知。这些最早的风筝可能是用木头制作的。它们甚至可能覆盖着丝绸，因为丝绸在那个时代被大量使用。早期的风筝是为特定用途而制造的。在古代中国，风筝被用来携带绳索过河。一旦到达对岸，绳索就被固定住，木桥便悬挂在绳索上。传说有一位将军在敌人的营地上空放飞会发出音乐声的风筝。敌人听到这些声音后逃跑了，认为那是天使的警告之声。到15世纪时，欧洲许多人都放风筝。Marco Polo可能是从他访问中国时把风筝带回来的。风筝与许多伟大的名字和事件联系在一起。例如，Benjamin Franklin用风筝证明了闪电就是电。他在暴风雨中放飞风筝。他这样做是为了从云层中引下闪电。他在风筝线上系了一把金属钥匙和一条丝带。丝带可以阻止闪电通过他的身体。Benjamin的想法最初遭到嘲笑。但后来，它促成了避雷针的发明。有着如此辉煌的历史，放风筝必将继续成为一项有趣而流行的运动。
What does the speaker say about kites?
说话者关于风筝说了什么?
- A) 没有人确切知道风筝最初是在哪里制作的。
- B) 没有人确定风筝是何时出现的。
- C) 没有人知道风筝是出于什么目的被发明的。
- D) 没有人知道风筝将来会是什么样子。
开篇"No one knows for sure"的不确定语气。篇章第一句就是 No one knows for sure just how old kites are.，"No one knows for sure"（没人确切知道）是醒目的不确定信号；篇章独白常把核心信息放在开篇，这句既点题又承认"年代说不清"，正是答案句。
- just how old kites arewhen they came into being"多古老"="何时产生"，同义改写
- No one knows for sureNo one knows for sure前半句原词照搬，差异只在维度词
- A)原词陷阱录音后面确有 These first kites were probably made of wood. 提到"最初的风筝"，A 借 first made 这个词造出"没人知道在哪儿first made"；但原文 made 谈的是材质（wood），且"说不清"的是年代不是产地，A 答非所问。
借用原文：These first kites were probably made of wood.
- C)原词陷阱原文有 Early kites were built for certain uses.，C 借"用途/发明目的"做文章说"没人知道为何发明"；可原文非但没说目的不明，反而清楚列了运绳过河等用途，C 与原文相反。
借用原文：Early kites were built for certain uses.
- D)未提及D 说"没人知道未来风筝长什么样"，但整段只讲历史与古今用途，结尾是 kite flying is sure to remain an entertaining and popular sport，谈的是会继续流行，完全没谈未来外形，D 属未提及。
What did ancient Chinese use kites to do?
古代中国人用风筝做什么?
- A) 把绳索运送过河。
- B) 测量风速。
- C) 传递秘密信息。
- D) 发出危险警告。
限定词 In ancient China + 用途结构 were used to。In ancient China, they were used to carry ropes to cross rivers. 一句里，"In ancient China"正好对上题干的 ancient Chinese，"were used to"是表用途的信号结构，两者叠加把这句标成答案句。
- carry ropes to cross riversCarry ropes across riversto cross rivers = across rivers，近义改写
- B)未提及原文谈到风筝用 silk，也讲它"flew over the enemy's camp"，但从未提"测风速"。B 利用"风筝—风"的常识联想造测风速，属未提及。
- C)偷换概念原文确有将军 flew musical kites over the enemy's camp 让敌人误以为是天使警告而逃，C 借这个"用声音影响敌人"的情节改成"传递秘密信息"；但那是用声音吓退敌军，并非传送密信，C 偷换概念。
借用原文：Legend tells of one General who flew musical kites over the enemy's camp.
- D)原词陷阱原文 believing the sounds to be the warning voices of angels 出现 warning，D 顺势造"用风筝报危险"；但 warning 是敌人对声音的误解，是"让敌人以为有警告而逃跑"，并非中国人拿风筝去报危险，D 张冠李戴。
借用原文：the enemy fled, believing the sounds to be the warning voices of angels
Why did Benjamin Franklin fly a kite in the storm?
Benjamin Franklin 为什么在暴风雨中放风筝?
- A) 保护房屋免受雷击。
- B) 测试避雷针的效果。
- C) 找出丝绸制作风筝的强度。
- D) 证明闪电是电。
Benjamin Franklin used a kite to prove that lightning is electricity. He flew the kite in the storm. He did this in order to draw lightning from the clouds.
本杰明·富兰克林用风筝来证明闪电是电。他在暴风雨中放风筝，这样做是为了从云中引出闪电。
目的信号 to prove / in order to。used a kite to prove that lightning is electricity 里的 "to prove" 与 He did this in order to draw lightning from the clouds 里的 "in order to" 都是直白的目的信号，连续两句都在讲"为什么放"，正是答案句。
- to prove that lightning is electricityTo prove that lightning is electricity原文目的句几乎原词对应选项
- A)原词陷阱原文结尾 it led to the invention of the lightning rod，避雷针确能护房防雷，A 借此说"放风筝是为护房防雷"；但护房是后来避雷针的作用，不是当初放风筝的目的，A 把"后续结果"当"当初目的"。
借用原文：it led to the invention of the lightning rod
- B)原词陷阱B 说放风筝是为"测试避雷针的效果"，可避雷针是这件事之后才被发明的（later on, it led to the invention of the lightning rod），放风筝时避雷针还不存在，谈不上测试，B 与时间线相悖。
借用原文：But later on, it led to the invention of the lightning rod.
- C)原词陷阱原文 He tied a metal key and a strip of silk to the kite line 提到 silk，C 顺手造"为测风筝丝线的强度"；但 silk 在这里是实验材料，作用是 The silk ribbon would stop the lightning from passing through his body（绝缘护身），跟"测丝线强度"毫无关系，C 答非所问。
借用原文：The silk ribbon would stop the lightning from passing through his body.
I have learned many languages, but I've not mastered them the way the professional interpreter or translator has. Still, they have opened doors for me. They have allowed me the opportunity to seek jobs in international contexts and help me get those jobs. Like many people who have lived overseas for a while, I simply got crazy about it. I can't imagine living my professional or social life without international interactions. Since 1977, I have spent much more time abroad than in the United States. I like going to new places, eating new foods and experiencing new cultures. If you can speak the language, it's easier to get to know the country and its people. If I had the time and money, I would live for a year in as many countries as possible. Beyond my career, my facility with languages has given me a few rare opportunities. Once, just after I returned from my year in Vienna, I was asked to translate for a German judge at an Olympic level horse event and learned a lot about the sport. In Japan, once when I was in the studio audience of a TV cooking show, I was asked to go up on the stage and taste the beef dish that was being prepared and tell what I thought. They asked, "Was it as good as American beef?" It was very exciting for me to be on Japanese TV, speaking in Japanese about how delicious the beef was.
我学过很多语言，但我并没有像专业口译员或笔译员那样精通它们。尽管如此，它们为我打开了许多扇门。它们让我有机会在国际环境中寻找工作，并帮助我获得那些工作。像许多在海外生活过一段时间的人一样，我简直为之痴迷。我无法想象没有国际交流的职业或社交生活。自1977年以来，我在国外度过的时间远远多于在美国。我喜欢去新的地方，品尝新的食物，体验新的文化。如果你会说当地语言，就更容易了解这个国家和它的人民。如果我有时间和金钱，我会在尽可能多的国家各住上一年。除了我的职业生涯，我的语言能力还给了我一些难得的机会。有一次，就在我从维也纳度过的一年回来后不久，我被邀请为一位德国裁判在奥运会级别的马术比赛中担任翻译，并学到了很多关于这项运动的知识。在日本，有一次我作为观众参加一档电视烹饪节目的录制时，被邀请上台品尝正在制作的牛肉菜肴并说出我的看法。他们问道：'它和美国牛肉一样好吗？'能在日本电视上用日语讲述牛肉有多美味，这对我来说非常激动人心。
What does the speaker say about herself?
说话者对自己有何评价?
- A) 她喜欢教授语言。
- B) 她会说几种语言。
- C) 她接受过口译员培训。
- D) 她天生具有语言天赋。
I have learned many languages, but I've not mastered them the way the professional interpreter or translator has.
我学过很多种语言，但我并没有像专业口译员或笔译员那样把它们掌握到精通。
开篇自述句 + 转折 but 划清边界。这是篇章开头说话人的自我介绍句，本身就是答案高发位；更关键的是 but I've not mastered them the way the professional interpreter or translator has 用 but 把"会多门"与"没到专业口译水平"划开，正好用来肯定 B、否定 C。
- I have learned many languagesShe can speak several languages.many languages ≈ several languages 且人称换说
- A)偷换概念A 说她 enjoys teaching languages（喜欢教语言），但原文是 I have learned many languages——是"学"不是"教"，把 learn 偷换成 teach，听到 languages 就选会上当。
借用原文：I have learned many languages
- C)与原文相反C 说她 was trained to be an interpreter（受训当口译员），但原文紧接着 but 否定：I've not mastered them the way the professional interpreter or translator has——她恰恰强调自己"不像专业口译那样精通"，选项与原文相反，且盗用了 interpreter 这个原词来诱选。
借用原文：I've not mastered them the way the professional interpreter or translator has
- D)未提及D 说她 was born with a talent for languages（天生有语言天赋），但原文只讲她"学过"很多语言，从没说这是天生的，属凭"会多门语言"脑补出"天赋"，原文无据。
What does the speaker say about many people who have lived overseas for a while?
说话者对许多在海外生活过一段时间的人有何评价?
- A) 他们对文化冲击产生了免疫力。
- B) 他们想永久居住在国外。
- C) 他们想学习尽可能多的外语。
- D) 他们对跨文化交流有浓厚兴趣。
Like many people who have lived overseas for a while, I simply got crazy about it. I can't imagine living my professional or social life without international interactions.
像许多在国外住过一阵子的人一样，我简直对它着了迷。我无法想象自己的职业生活或社交生活里没有跨国互动。
题干同款词 like…overseas for a while 顺听定位 + 后句解释。录音里 Like many people who have lived overseas for a while 与题干用词几乎一字不差，是最强定位信号；紧接的 I can't imagine living my professional or social life without international interactions 用"无法想象没有跨国互动"道出这群人的共同特点。
- I can't imagine living my professional or social life without international interactionsThey have an intense interest in cross-cultural interactions."无法想象没有"=强烈喜爱；international≈cross-cultural
- A)未提及A 说他们 acquire an immunity to culture shock（获得对文化冲击的免疫力），原文通篇没提 culture shock，是凭"长期在外"脑补出的引申，无原文支持。
- B)偷换概念B 说他们 would like to live abroad permanently（想永久住在国外），原文虽说爱往外跑，却只到 If I had the time and money, I would live for a year in as many countries as possible——是"每国住一年"而非"永久定居"，permanently 把程度抬过头了。
借用原文：If I had the time and money, I would live for a year in as many countries as possible
- C)原词陷阱C 说他们 want to learn as many foreign languages as possible（想学尽可能多的外语），原文确有 as many…as possible 的句式，但配的是 live for a year in as many countries as possible——是"住尽量多的国家"，不是"学尽量多的语言"，盗用句式张冠李戴。
借用原文：live for a year in as many countries as possible
How did the speaker's experience of living in Vienna benefit her?
说话者在Vienna的生活经历如何使她受益?
- A) 她成为了赛马专家。
- B) 她有机会访问了几个欧洲国家。
- C) 她能够为一位德国体育裁判做翻译。
- D) 她学会了欣赏古典音乐。
Once, just after I returned from my year in Vienna, I was asked to translate for a German judge at an Olympic level horse event and learned a lot about the sport.
有一次，就在我结束在维也纳一年的生活回来后不久，我被请去为一场奥运级别的马术赛事中的一位德国裁判做翻译，还学到了很多关于这项运动的知识。
时间锚 after…Vienna + 结果信号 I was asked to。just after I returned from my year in Vienna 是与题干"living in Vienna"对应的时间锚，听到就知道答案临近；紧跟的 I was asked to translate for a German judge 是"她因此得到什么"的结果句，正是受益所在。
- I was asked to translate for a German judge at an Olympic level horse eventShe was able to translate for a German sports judge.Olympic level horse event judge = sports judge；asked to=was able to
- A)过度推断A 说她 became an expert in horse racing（成了赛马专家），原文只说 learned a lot about the sport（学到不少关于这项运动的知识），"学到不少"远不到"专家"，且 horse event 被偷换成 horse racing，程度被抬高。
借用原文：learned a lot about the sport
- B)未提及B 说她 got a chance to visit several European countries（得到游览几个欧洲国家的机会），原文只提到 Vienna（维也纳，奥地利）一地，从没说她借此游历多个欧洲国家，是"住维也纳"引出的合理脑补。
- D)未提及D 说她 learned to appreciate classical music（学会欣赏古典音乐），"维也纳=音乐之都"是常识联想，但原文讲的受益是做翻译，根本没提音乐，纯属背景知识脑补。
What was the speaker asked to do in the Japanese studio?
说话者在日本演播室被要求做什么?
- A) 品尝牛肉并给出评价。
- B) 参加烹饪比赛。
- C) 用英语教授食物词汇。
- D) 讲授西餐烹饪课程。
In Japan, once when I was in the studio audience of a TV cooking show, I was asked to go up on the stage and taste the beef dish that was being prepared and tell what I thought.
在日本，有一次我坐在一档电视烹饪节目的观众席里，被请上台去品尝正在烹制的牛肉菜肴，并说说我的感受。
场景锚 Japanese studio + 结果信号 I was asked to。when I was in the studio audience of a TV cooking show 对应题干的 Japanese studio，是定位锚；紧跟的 I was asked to go up on the stage and taste the beef dish…and tell what I thought 由 I was asked to 引出真正被要求做的两个动作：尝牛肉、说感受。
- taste the beef dish that was being prepared and tell what I thoughtTaste the beef and give her comment.taste the beef 原词保留；tell what I thought=give her comment
- B)原词陷阱B 说她 Take part in a cooking competition（参加烹饪比赛），原文是 cooking show（烹饪节目）不是 competition，她只是观众被请上台尝一口，没有比赛，把 cooking 这个原词盗来夸成"比赛"。
借用原文：a TV cooking show
- C)答非所问C 说她 Teach vocabulary for food in English（用英语教食物词汇），原文她是用日语 speaking in Japanese about how delicious the beef was 评价牛肉，既不是"教词汇"也不是"用英语"，方向全错。
借用原文：speaking in Japanese about how delicious the beef was
- D)过度推断D 说她 Give cooking lessons on Western food（教西餐烹饪课），原文她只是被请上台尝牛肉、说感受，并未授课讲西餐，cooking 原词被借去夸大成"上课"。
借用原文：taste the beef dish that was being prepared and tell what I thought
Dr. Ben Carsen grew up in a poor single-parent household in Detroit. His mother, who had only a 3rd grade education, worked two jobs cleaning bathrooms. To his classmates and even to his teachers, he was thought of as the dumbest kid in the class, according to his own not-so-fond memories.
Ben Carsen博士在底特律一个贫困的单亲家庭中长大。他的母亲只有三年级文化程度,做两份清洁浴室的工作。根据他自己不那么美好的回忆,在同学甚至老师眼中,他被认为是班上最笨的孩子。
He had a terrible temper, and once threatened to kill another child. Dr. Carsen was headed down a path of self-destruction until a critical moment in his youth. His mother, convinced that she had to do something dramatic to prevent him from leading a life of failure, laid down some rules. He could not watch television except for two programs a week, could not play with his friends after school until he finished his homework, and had to read two books a week and write book reports about them. His mother's strategy worked. "Of course, I didn't know she couldn't read. So there I was submitting these reports." he said. "She would put check marks on them like she had been reading them. As I began to read about scientists, economists and philosophers, I started imagining myself in their shoes." As he got into the habit of hard work, his grades began to soar. Ultimately he received a scholarship to attend the Yale University, and later he was admitted to the University of Michigan Medical School.
他脾气很坏,曾经威胁要杀死另一个孩子。Carsen博士正走在自我毁灭的道路上,直到他年少时的一个关键时刻。他的母亲确信必须采取果断措施来阻止他过上失败的人生,于是制定了一些规矩。他每周只能看两个电视节目,放学后完成作业前不能和朋友玩耍,必须每周读两本书并写读书报告。他母亲的策略奏效了。"当然,我当时不知道她不识字。所以我就一直在提交这些报告。"他说。"她会在上面打勾,就像她读过一样。当我开始阅读关于科学家、经济学家和哲学家的书时,我开始想象自己处在他们的位置上。"随着他养成了努力学习的习惯,他的成绩开始飙升。最终他获得了Yale University的奖学金,后来又被University of Michigan Medical School录取。
He is now a leading surgeon at Johns Hopkins Medical School and he's also the author of three books.
他现在是Johns Hopkins Medical School的一位顶尖外科医生,也是三本书的作者。
What do we learn about Ben Carsen?
关于本·卡森我们了解到什么?
- A) 他只有三年级的教育水平。
- B) 他曾经威胁要杀死他的老师。
- C) 他在一个贫困的单亲家庭中长大。
- D) 他经常帮助母亲做家务。
篇章开篇第一句即交代出身。人物故事的第一句往往直接交代背景，这里 grew up in a poor single-parent household 就是身世落点，听到"grew up in…"这种背景交代句要立刻锁定。
- grew up in a poor single-parent householdgrew up in a poor single-parent familyhousehold 等于 family 的同义替换
- A)张冠李戴原文 His mother, who had only a 3rd grade education 说的是"他母亲只有三年级文化"，He had only a third-grade education. 把母亲的学历张冠李戴到本·卡森身上。
借用原文：His mother, who had only a 3rd grade education
- B)原词陷阱原文 once threatened to kill another child 说他曾扬言要杀"另一个孩子"，He once threatened to kill his teacher. 盗用了 threatened to kill 这个抓耳的原词，却把对象 another child 偷换成 his teacher。
借用原文：once threatened to kill another child
- D)未提及原文 worked two jobs cleaning bathrooms 是他母亲打两份工打扫卫生间，He often helped his mother do housework. 借"housework"的联想凭空安到他身上，原文从没说他常帮母亲做家务。
What did Ben Carsen's classmates and teachers think of him when he was first at school?
本·卡森刚上学时,他的同学和老师如何看待他?
- A) 粗心的。
- B) 愚蠢的。
- C) 勇敢的。
- D) 活跃的。
To his classmates and even to his teachers, he was thought of as the dumbest kid in the class.
在同学们眼里、甚至在老师们眼里，他都被看作是班上最笨的孩子。
评价词 dumbest 即落点。句中带评价色彩的最高级 the dumbest kid in the class 就是态度落点，而且 To his classmates and even to his teachers 与题干主语完全对上，听到"被看作最…的"要锁定。
- the dumbest kid in the classStupid.dumb 与 stupid 是同义词
- A)未提及原文对他的评价只有"笨"（dumbest），从未说他 careless（粗心），这是另起一个原文没出现的评价词来干扰。
- C)与原文相反brave（勇敢）是褒义，而原文给的是贬义的 dumbest，极性相反；他威胁要杀人也不等于"勇敢"，这是把负评偷换成褒评。
借用原文：the dumbest kid in the class
- D)未提及active（活跃）原文从未提到，且与"最笨"无关，是又一个原文没出现的褒义词干扰。
What did Ben Carsen's mother tell him to do when he was a school boy?
本·卡森上学时,他的母亲告诉他做什么?
- A) 每周写两篇读书报告。
- B) 写日记。
- C) 帮忙做家务。
- D) 只看教育类电视节目。
He could not watch television except for two programs a week, could not play with his friends after school until he finished his homework, and had to read two books a week and write book reports about them.
他每周只能看两个电视节目，放学后不做完作业不许和朋友玩，每周还必须读两本书并为它们写读书报告。
规则信号词 had to/could not 串起要求。母亲"laid down some rules"后用 had to read two books a week and write book reports、could not watch television except for two programs 罗列规矩，had to/could not 就是"被要求做什么"的定位信号。
- had to read two books a week and write book reports about themWrite two book reports a week.数字 two…a week 与动作 write book reports 双双对上
- B)偷换概念母亲让他做的是 write book reports（写读书报告），Keep a diary.（写日记）原文从未出现，是把"写报告"偷换成另一种"写"。
借用原文：write book reports about them
- C)未提及母亲列的规矩是看电视/和朋友玩/读书写报告，没有 housework；Help with housework. 借 23 题也出现过的 housework 话题词来诱选，原文母亲的要求里根本没提家务。
- D)原词陷阱原文 could not watch television except for two programs a week 限的是"每周只能看两个节目"，Watch educational TV programs only. 盗用 television 原词，却把"只看两个节目"偷换成"只看教育类节目"，限定方向完全不同。
借用原文：could not watch television except for two programs a week
20 句真题句逐层精讲
下列真题句各有独立的句子解析页——中文翻译、结构树逐层拆解、成分与时态、考点讲解与真题高频词。点击句子进入完整解析。
- Mr. Scioli won 35.9 percent, but not enough to win the presidency.
虽然句子简单,但覆盖了主语、谓语、宾语和状语四种成分,且状语部分 "but not enough to win the presidency" 涉及省略结构和不定式,可用于训练识别补充说明成分,有一定练习价值但成分种类不够丰富
- Carry out social welfare programs.
祈使句在四六级和考研真题中常出现于应用文写作或口语化情境，结构本身非常典型且易迁移，但在阅读理解长难句中出现频率相对较低。
- For one thing, it's so commonly used—the only language that is used by more people is Chinese.
破折号连接并列句并引出补充说明,以及限制性定语从句修饰主语,都是四六级和考研阅读中的常见句式。特别是"主语 + 定语从句 + 系动词 + 表语"这种主系表扩展结构,在真题长难句中反复出现,掌握后可大量迁移
- M: Well, first of all, it has a very international vocabulary.
主谓宾简单句是英语最基础的句型，虽常见但过于简单，真题中更多出现复合句或复杂修饰结构，本句作为考试句式代表性较低
- It can be easily picked up by overseas travellers.
情态动词 + 被动语态的结构（如 can be done、should be considered）在四六级和考研阅读中高频出现，是典型的常考句式；掌握后可迁移到大量类似句子，代表性较强。
- W: Well, first of all, we need one complete new drawing board.
标准的主谓宾简单句在真题中常见，但本句过于简短且无任何扩展结构，不能代表真题中常考的复杂句式（如含从句、非谓语动词、倒装等），迁移价值较低。
- W: Hmm, and how long does it take to deliver?
特殊疑问句在四六级和考研听力、阅读中较为常见，'how long does it take to do' 是典型的询问时间长度句型，有一定代表性；但句式本身过于简单，复杂度不足以代表考试中的难句。
- I'll let you know.
let 的宾补结构在口语和应用文中高频出现，属于四六级、考研常考的使役动词用法；简单句本身虽不如复合句典型，但该句型的迁移价值较高，掌握后可套用到 make、have 等同类结构。
- He is not familiar with the exact details of the goods.
主系表结构配合 "be + 形容词 + with" 的固定搭配，在四六级和考研阅读中较为常见，属于中等典型的句式。掌握后可迁移至类似的"be + 形容词 + 介词"结构（如 be interested in、be good at）。但因句式过于简单，不足以代表真题中更复杂的长难句。
- For instance, Benjamin Franklin used a kite to prove that lightning is electricity.
"动词 + 宾语 + 不定式作目的状语 + 宾语从句" 是四六级和考研阅读中的高频句式。特别是 prove/show/demonstrate 等动词后接 that 从句，以及不定式表目的，都是考试常见结构。掌握这个句子的分析方法可以迁移到大量类似句子。
- He did this in order to draw lightning from the clouds.
本句展示了"主谓宾 + 目的状语"的经典句式，"in order to do" 结构在四六级和考研阅读中频繁出现，学习该句可帮助考生掌握目的状语的识别方法，具有一定的典型性和迁移价值。
- Still, they have opened doors for me.
简单句配现在完成时在四六级和考研阅读中较为常见，"Still" 这类转折副词作句首状语也是典型用法，"for + 代词" 作受益对象状语也经常出现。但句子结构过于简单，缺少从句或并列等更高频的复杂句式，代表性属于中等水平。
- If I had the time and money, I would live for a year in as many countries as possible.
虚拟条件句第二类（与现在事实相反）是四六级和考研的高频考点，If 从句 + 主句的结构也是标准句式，掌握后可以迁移到大量类似的虚拟语气题目和写作场景
- It was very exciting for me to be on Japanese TV, speaking in Japanese about how delicious the beef was.
"It is/was + 形容词 + for sb + to do" 是四六级和考研阅读中的高频句型,现在分词短语作伴随状语也是常考结构,宾语从句由疑问词 "how" 引导也很典型。本句结构在真题中代表性强,掌握后可大量迁移运用。
- She enjoys teaching languages.
主谓宾结构是英语最基础的句型之一，动名词作宾语（如 enjoy doing）也是常见考点。但本句过于简单，缺少从句、复杂修饰或多层结构，不太能代表四六级或考研真题中常见的复杂长句。
- To his classmates and even to his teachers, he was thought of as the dumbest kid in the class, according to his own not-so-fond memories.
本句是典型的被动语态简单句，且使用了 "be thought of as" 这一常考短语动词的被动形式。句首和句尾的介词短语状语也是四六级和考研阅读中的常见结构。这种"状语 + 主语 + 被动谓语 + 补足语 + 状语"的排列方式在真题中频繁出现，学生掌握后可直接迁移到大量类似句子的分析中。
- His mother, convinced that she had to do something dramatic to prevent him from leading a life of failure, laid down some rules.
句子涵盖多种成分：主句包含主谓宾和原因状语，从句包含主谓宾和目的状语，状语部分还包含过去分词短语和嵌套的宾语从句。插入的过去分词状语容易与谓语混淆，是划分成分的典型易错点。适合训练识别插入成分、区分谓语与非谓语、定位嵌套从句等技能。
- He could not watch television except for two programs a week, could not play with his friends after school until he finished his homework, and had to read two books a week and write book reports about them.
本句涵盖了主语、多个并列谓语、宾语、状语（方式、时间、伴随）、状语从句等成分，成分种类丰富。并列谓语的识别、状语从句的定位、以及介词短语作状语的判定都是典型的易错点，适合作为成分划分的训练材料。
- "She would put check marks on them like she had been reading them. As I began to read about scientists, economists and philosophers, I started imagining myself in their shoes."
该句包含了考试中常见的句式元素：情态动词表示过去习惯、状语从句的使用、并列主句的组合。特别是"As"引导的时间状语从句和"like"引导的方式状语从句，以及"would"表达过去习惯的用法，都是四六级和考研阅读中频繁出现的典型结构，掌握后迁移性较强。
- Ultimately he received a scholarship to attend the Yale University, and later he was admitted to the University of Michigan Medical School.
并列句结构在四六级和考研阅读中非常常见，特别是叙述人物经历或事件发展时。被动语态 "be admitted to" 也是高频考点。本句作为叙事类并列句的代表性较强，学生掌握后可应用于大量类似句型。但由于没有从句嵌套，代表性不如包含定语从句或状语从句的复合句。
本卷出现的 149 个英语四级真题高频词
下列单词既在本卷录音原文中出现，又是 英语四级 历年真题的高频词（在该考试真题中出现的句子数均不少于 8）。每个词标注本卷 出现次数与该考试真题句频，点击可查看该词的释义、音标、词形与真题例句。
- candidateB1n. 候选人
- voteB1n. 投票
- lightningA2n. 闪电
- wouldA1aux. （will 的过去式）将要，会
- ohA1intj. 哦（表示惊讶、理解或反应）
- financialB2adj. 财政的
- climateB1n. 气候
- donateB2v. 捐赠，捐献（金钱、物品等）
- drawingA2n. 图画
- vocabularyB1n. 词汇量
- cookingA1n. 烹饪
- seekB1v. 寻找
- overseasB1adv. 在海外
- hmmA2intj. 嗯（表示思考、犹豫或轻微怀疑）
- effectA2n. 影响
- actuallyA2adv. 实际上，事实上（用于纠正或补充信息）
- betterA1adj. 更好的（good 的比较级）
- opportunityB1n. 机会
- leastA2det. 最少的
- issueB1n. 问题
- laterA1adv. 以后，later
- professionalB1adj. 专业的
- departmentA2n. 部门
- eventA2n. 事件
- economicB2adj. 经济的
- nationB1n. 国家
- taxA2n. 税
- easilyA2adv. 容易地
- interactionB2n. 相互作用
- familiarB1adj. 熟悉的
- visionB2n. 视力
- warningA2n. 警告
- deliveryB1n. 递送
- judgeB1v. 判断，评判
- mayorB1n. 市长
- studioB1n. 工作室
- stockB1n. 库存
- governorB2n. 州长
- approveB1v. 批准，认可（正式同意）
- commonlyB1adv. 通常，常常
- threatenB1v. 威胁;恐吓
- okA1adj. 可以的
- reformB2v. 改革
- welfareB2n. 福利
- renewableB2adj. 可再生的
- authorA2n. 作者
- accordC1n. （国家、团体间的）协议
- benefitB1n. 好处
- careerB1n. 职业
- millionA2num. 一百万
- simplyB1adv. 仅仅，只不过
- expertB1n. 专家
- globalB2adj. 全球的
- factorB1n. 因素
- organizationB1n. 组织
- measureB1v. 测量
- sufferB1v. 遭受（痛苦、疾病、损失等）
- pressureB1n. 心理压力
- optionB1n. 选择
- unitedB1adj. 联合的
- applyA2v. 申请
- economyB1n. 经济
- responsibilityB1n. 责任
- wrongA2adj. 错误的
- strategyB2n. 策略
- linkA2n. 联系
- approachB1v. 靠近，接近（在空间或时间上）
- officialB1adj. 官方的
- detailB1n. 细节
- educationalB1adj. 教育的
- mainlyB1adv. 主要地
- attendA2v. 出席，参加（会议、活动等）
- facilityB2n. 设施
- statesA1n. 国家
- chargeB1v. 收费
- beliefB1n. 相信
- billionB1num. 十亿（1,000,000,000）
- deliverB1v. 递送，运送（货物、信件等）
- failureB1n. 失败
- talentB1n. 天赋
- workingA2adj. 有工作的
- exactlyB1adv. 精确地
- extremelyB1adv. 极其
- householdB1n. 家庭
- instanceB2n. 例子
- rareB1adj. 稀有的
- equipmentB1n. 设备
- criticalB2adj. 批评的
- stageA2n. 阶段
- beingB1n. 存在
- eventuallyB1adv. 最终
- growingA2adj. 增长的
- opinionA2n. 观点
- fuelB1n. 燃料
- audienceA2n. 观众
- classicalB2adj. 古典的
- acquireB2v. 获得
- centralB1adj. 主要的
- containerB1n. 容器
- designerB1n. 设计师
- economistB2n. 经济学家
- fossilB2n. 化石
- targetB1n. 目标;靶子
- grandB1adj. 宏伟的
- installB1v. 安装（设备、软件）
- ultimatelyB2adv. 最终;终归
- politicalB1adj. 政治的
- stuffA2n. 东西
- basisB2n. 基础;根据
- commentB1n. 评论
- admitB1v. 承认（事实、错误等）
- strengthB1n. 力量
- initiativeB2n. 主动性
- combatB2n. 战斗
- popularityB2n. 受欢迎
- contextB2n. （事情发生的）背景、环境
- shockB1n. 震惊
- donationB2n. 捐赠
- loanB1n. 贷款
- possiblyB1adv. 可能，也许
- submitB2v. 提交（文件、申请等）
- woodenA2adj. 木制的，木头的
- analystB2n. 分析师
- assistanceB1n. 帮助
- excitingA2adj. 令人兴奋的
- newlyB1adv. 最近
- partlyB1adv. 部分地
- superiorB2adj. 更好的
- broadB1adj. 宽阔的
- defenseB1n. 防御
- lifetimeB1n. 一生，终生
- racingB1n. 赛跑运动;赛车运动
- dramaticB2adj. 巨大的
- exactB2adj. 精确的
- tackleB2v. 处理
- youthA2n. 青年时期
- complaintB1n. 抱怨
- convinceB1v. 说服，使相信
- industrialB2adj. 工业的
- intenseB2adj. 强烈的
- philosopherB2n. 哲学家
- campaignerB2n. 活动家;运动倡导者
- entertainingB1adj. 有趣的
- permanentlyB2adv. 永久地
- restrictionB2n. 限制
- revolutionB2n. 革命
- scholarshipB2n. 奖学金
- somewhatB2adv. 有点
- founderB2n. 创始人
全卷录音原文 568 词按 CEFR 难度累积覆盖
全卷录音原文去重后共 568 个单词，按欧框 CEFR 等级统计。每根柱表示「该等级及以下」的累积占比（CDF），最右一柱为 100%。B2 以上（C1/C2）为高阶词，本卷共 8 个 · 约 1%。
- 去重总词数
- 568
- B2 以上难词
- 1%
- B1 及以下覆盖
- 87%
常见问题
围绕本套听力的答案、录音来源与体裁、词汇难度与逐题选项依据，逐条给出可核对的答案。
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力的答案分别是什么？
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力全卷共 25 题，标准答案依次为：1 D · 2 C · 3 B · 4 D · 5 D · 6 B · 7 A · 8 B · 9 C · 10 A · 11 C · 12 C · 13 B · 14 D · 15 C · 16 B · 17 A · 18 D · 19 B · 20 D · 21 C · 22 A · 23 C · 24 B · 25 A。答案字母分布为 A 5 · B 7 · C 7 · D 6。
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力的录音原文分哪几篇？各考多少题？
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力按卷面顺序分为：Section A 短篇新闻（3 篇）1–7 题；Section B 长对话（2 篇）8–15 题；Section C 听力篇章（3 篇）16–25 题。体裁构成为 短篇新闻 3 · 长对话 2 · 听力篇章 3，全卷连续编号、录音只播一遍。
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力的词汇难度如何？
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力全卷录音原文去重后共 568 个单词，按 CEFR 难度累积覆盖：A1 及以下约 39%、A2 及以下约 69%、B1 及以下约 87%、B2 及以下约 98%，B2 以上（C1/C2）难词共 8 个、约占 1%。
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力出现了哪些英语四级高频词？
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力的录音原文出现 149 个英语四级真题高频词（这些词在历年英语四级真题中出现的句子数均不少于 8 句）。按出现次数排在前的有：candidate（本卷 9 次，n. 候选人）、vote（本卷 7 次，n. 投票）、lightning（本卷 7 次，n. 闪电 ）、would（本卷 6 次，aux. （will 的过去式）将要，会）、oh（本卷 5 次，intj. 哦（表示惊讶、理解或反应））、financial（本卷 4 次，adj. 财政的）、climate（本卷 4 次，n. 气候）、donate（本卷 4 次，v. 捐赠，捐献（金钱、物品等））。
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 1 题：What is the news report mainly about? 答案是什么？为什么选 D？
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 1 题是主旨题，正确答案 D）Zuckerberg decided to donate most of his Facebook shares。答案句出自录音「Zuckerberg wrote that he and his wife, Priscilla Chan, would donate 99% of his Facebook stock shares, worth about $45 billion, to do just that」（扎克伯格写道，他和妻子普莉希拉·陈将捐出他所持 Facebook 股票的 99%（价值约 450 亿美元），以实现这一目标），靠首段落点即核心事件定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（donate 99% of his Facebook stock shares ↔ donate most of his Facebook shares）。其余选项：A 项属原词陷阱（录音开头确实说了 wrote a letter to his baby girl，Zuckerberg wrote a letter to his new-born baby girl. 原词照搬，听到很想选；但写信只是引出"捐股票"的由头，不是新闻主要内容，属于以细节冒充主旨）；B 项属原词陷阱（Zuckerberg wants his baby girl to grow up in a better world. 几乎照搬录音 to grow up in a world better than ours today，但这只是他捐款背后的"愿望/动机"，新闻报的是"捐"这个行动本身，愿望撑不起主旨）；C 项属原词陷阱（Zuckerberg became one of the most searched names on Google. 对应录音第 2 段 Zuckerberg was one of the most searched names on Google，原词几乎一字不差；但这是消息发布"之后"的连带反应，是细节，不是新闻主线），均可排除。
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 2 题：How much are the stock shares to be donated by Zuckerberg worth now? 答案是什么？为什么选 C？
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 2 题是细节题，正确答案 C）About $45 billion。答案句出自录音「Zuckerberg wrote that he and his wife, Priscilla Chan, would donate 99% of his Facebook stock shares, worth about $45 billion, to do just that」（扎克伯格写道，他和妻子普莉希拉·陈将捐出他所持 Facebook 股票的 99%（价值约 450 亿美元），以实现这一目标），靠worth 紧跟金额定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（worth about $45 billion ↔ About $45 billion.）。其余选项：A 项属原词陷阱（About $45 million. 数字 45 与录音 $45 billion 相同，专坑把 billion（十亿）听成 million（百万）的人；数字对了、单位错了就满盘皆输，这是金额题最常见的死法）；B 项属未提及（About $50 million. 的 50 在录音里根本没念到，金额是 45 不是 50，属于凭空编造的数字，用来给没听清的人当退路）；D 项属张冠李戴（About $99 billion. 里的 99 来自录音 donate 99% of his Facebook stock shares 的"99%"，把"捐股比例 99%"偷换成"金额 99 billion"，听到"99"就想选的人正中圈套；金额是 45 billion，不是 99），均可排除。
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 3 题：What can we learn about the draft agreement? 答案是什么？为什么选 B？
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 3 题是细节题，正确答案 B）It runs to 42 pages。答案句出自录音「The text, which runs to 42 pages, was approved on Saturday after four years' work that started in Durban in 2011」（这份文本共42页，在历经从2011年德班启动的四年工作之后，于周六获得通过），靠同位插入语直给页数定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（which runs to 42 pages ↔ It runs to 42 pages.）。其余选项：A 项属原词陷阱（录音明说 was approved on Saturday（周六通过），选项 It was approved on Sunday. 盗用了 approved 这个原词，只把 Saturday 偷偷换成 Sunday。听到 approved 就选会中招——这是新闻在"哪一天"上设的经典原词陷阱）；C 项属偷换概念（录音说这份文本为 financial assistance for developing nations（向发展中国家提供资助）作出安排，选项 It targets rich countries tackling climate change. 却说它"针对富国"。录音借用了 climate change 等原词，但对象由"发展中国家"被换成"rich countries"，方向完全拧了）；D 项属与原文相反（录音原文是 What is still missing in the text is a clear vision to go 100 percent renewable energy——"文本里仍然缺少"一份转向可再生能源的清晰愿景。选项 It has a clear vision to go renewable energy. 盗用了 clear vision、renewable energy 等整串原词，却把 still missing（仍缺少）反说成 has（已有），与原文极性相反），均可排除。
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 4 题：Where have the twelve mini-icebergs been placed? 答案是什么？为什么选 D？
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 4 题是细节题，正确答案 D）In the Place de la Pantheon。答案句出自录音「campaigners led by Danish artist Olafur Eliasson, have installed 12 mini-icebergs in the shape of a clock in the Place le Pantheon」（由丹麦艺术家奥拉维尔·埃利亚松带领的活动人士，把12座做成时钟形状的迷你冰山安置在了先贤祠广场），靠放置动词后即地点定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（in the Place le Pantheon ↔ In the Place de la Pantheon.；have installed 12 mini-icebergs ↔ In the Place de la Pantheon.）。其余选项：A 项属原词陷阱（录音里 Denmark 的踪迹来自 Danish artist Olafur Eliasson——丹麦只是带队艺术家的国籍，不是冰山被放的地方。选项 In Denmark. 盗用 Danish 这个原词来骗"听到丹麦就选"，实则答非所问）；B 项属答非所问（录音说 The ice was brought all the way from Greenland——格陵兰是冰"运来"的来源，不是冰山被安置的地点。选项 In Greenland. 正是预读时标记的高危干扰：把"来自哪里"偷换成"放在哪里"）；C 项属张冠李戴（Durban 出自上一段 after four years' work that started in Durban in 2011——德班是这场协议工作"四年前启动"的会议地，与冰山放置毫不相干。选项 In Durban. 借这个背景地名制造跨段干扰），均可排除。
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 5 题：Who is Mauricio Macri? 答案是什么？为什么选 D？
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 5 题是细节题，正确答案 D）The mayor of Buenos Aires。答案句出自录音「Mauricio Macri, the mayor of Buenos Aires, finished in second place with 35.2 percent of the vote」（布宜诺斯艾利斯市市长毛里西奥·马克里以 35.2% 的得票率位居第二），靠人名后的同位语即身份定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（the mayor of Buenos Aires ↔ The mayor of Buenos Aires.）。其余选项：A 项属张冠李戴（The ruling party candidate. 盗用了录音 the ruling party candidate Daniel Scioli，但那是 Scioli 的身份，不是 Macri 的，把别人的头衔安到 Macri 头上，是对话/多人新闻里最常见的张冠李戴）；B 项属张冠李戴（The chosen successor of Argentina's president. 来自录音 the chosen successor of Argentina's president，但原文这话说的是 Scioli，不是 Macri，同样是把 Scioli 的身份移花接木给 Macri）；C 项属张冠李戴（The governor of Buenos Aires province. 取自录音 Mr. Scioli is governor of Buenos Aires province，那是 Scioli 的职务；和 D 的 mayor 只差一字、又同在 Buenos Aires，专门诱你混省长与市长），均可排除。
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 6 题：What does Mr. Macri want to do? 答案是什么？为什么选 B？
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 6 题是细节题，正确答案 B）Lift some financial controls。答案句出自录音「Mr. Macri says he wants to lift some financial controls and trade restrictions in an effort to help the country's economy」（马克里表示他想解除部分金融管制和贸易限制，以提振国家经济），靠wants to 表意愿即主张落点定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（lift some financial controls ↔ Lift some financial controls.）。其余选项：A 项属与原文相反（Tighten trade restrictions. 借了录音里的 trade restrictions，但原文是 lift some financial controls and trade restrictions——Macri 要 lift（放开）贸易限制，选项却说 tighten（收紧），方向反了，是典型 "原词在、方向反"）；C 项属张冠李戴（Carry out social welfare programs. 取自录音 social welfare programs，但那是描述 Scioli 所守的 kirchnerism 信条，不是 Macri 的主张，把别人的政策记到 Macri 头上）；D 项属张冠李戴（Seek the help of economic reform. 化用录音 he will seek a more measured approach to economic reform，但 seek…economic reform 说的是 Scioli，不是 Macri；且原文是 "更稳健地推进改革"，并非 "寻求改革之助"），均可排除。
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 7 题：What was said about the Argentine election law? 答案是什么？为什么选 A？
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 7 题是细节题，正确答案 A）A candidate with over 45 percent of the vote could win the presidency。答案句出自录音「Under Argentine law, a candidate must have more than 45 percent of the vote to be declared the winner. A candidate can also win with at least 40 percent of the vote and a margin of 10 points over the next candidate」（根据阿根廷法律，候选人得票须超过 45% 方可被宣布为获胜者；候选人也可凭至少 40% 的得票率、且领先次名 10 个百分点而获胜），靠规定句式 must have 领出门槛定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（must have more than 45 percent of the vote to be declared the winner ↔ A candidate with over 45 percent of the vote could win the presidency.）。其余选项：B 项属原词陷阱（A candidate who has 10 more points over the second wins the presidency. 盗用录音 a margin of 10 points over the next candidate，但原文 10 个点是第二条规则的附加条件，前提还得 at least 40 percent；选项只取 10 点、丢掉 40% 门槛，把条件拆错了）；C 项属与原文相反（Any candidate who wins the most of the vote could be the winner. 说 "得票最多即当选"，但录音规则是要过 45%（或 40%+领先10点），并非简单多数；本则新闻里 Scioli 票最多却仍要进入第二轮，恰恰反证该规则不成立）；D 项属原词陷阱（Any candidate who wins at least 40 percent of the vote gets elected. 盗用录音 at least 40 percent of the vote，但原文这条 40% 必须再加 a margin of 10 points over the next candidate 才当选；选项只留 40%、丢掉领先 10 点的并列条件，同样是拆错条件），均可排除。
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 8 题：What does the man say about Chinese? 答案是什么？为什么选 B？
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 8 题是细节题，正确答案 B）It is used by more people than English。答案句出自录音「For one thing, it's so commonly used—the only language that is used by more people is Chinese」（一来，它(英语)使用极广——唯一比它使用人数更多的语言是中文），靠被问者的直接应答+唯一性措辞定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（the only language that is used by more people is Chinese ↔ It is used by more people than English）。其余选项：A 项属张冠李戴（录音确有谈『难学』，但 Many students find English a difficult language to learn. 说的是英语难学，本项却把『难学』安到中文头上说 It is more difficult to learn than English.，是张冠李戴）；C 项属未提及（It will be as commonly used as English. 声称中文会和英语一样常用，录音只比了当下使用人数(中文更多)，从未说两者将来会一样常用，属未提及）；D 项属张冠李戴（It will eventually become a world language. 这句『将成为世界语言』在录音里是说英语的(开篇 Why do you say English will become the world language?)，本题问的是中文，搬过来即张冠李戴），均可排除。
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 9 题：What made English a widely-used language? 答案是什么？为什么选 C？
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 9 题是细节题，正确答案 C）The influence of the British Empire。答案句出自录音「It's spoken in many countries of the world because of the British Empire, and now of course, that's the influence of America as well」（因为大英帝国，英语在世界许多国家被使用；当然，现在也有美国的影响），靠因果信号 because of定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（because of the British Empire ↔ The influence of the British Empire）。其余选项：A 项属答非所问（Its loan words from many languages. 借的是录音后面讲词汇时的 it has a very international vocabulary，那是英语的『优势』，不是它『广为使用』的原因，答非所问）；B 项属答非所问（Its popularity with the common people. 蹭的是末段 only the common people spoke English，那是解释语法为何简单的背景，和『英语为何广用』无关，答非所问）；D 项属未提及（The effect of the Industrial Revolution. 听着像合理的历史原因，但录音从头到尾没出现 Industrial Revolution，属未提及），均可排除。
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 10 题：What is said to be special about English vocabulary? 答案是什么？为什么选 A？
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 10 题是细节题，正确答案 A）It includes a lot of words from other languages。答案句出自录音「Well, first of all, it has a very international vocabulary. It has many German, Dutch, French, Spanish and Italian words in it」（首先，它有非常国际化的词汇，里面有许多德语、荷兰语、法语、西班牙语和意大利语的词），靠被问者罗列佐证的应答句定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（It has many German, Dutch, French, Spanish and Italian words in it. ↔ It includes a lot of words from other languages.）。其余选项：B 项属未提及（It has a growing number of newly coined words. 讲的是新造词数量增长，录音只说英语含大量外来词，从未提『新造词』，属未提及）；C 项属答非所问（It can be easily picked up by overseas travellers. 蹭了录音 English speakers have travelled a lot 里的 travel，但录音说的是说英语者四处旅行带回词汇，不是『海外旅行者容易学会英语』，答非所问）；D 项属张冠李戴（It is the largest among all languages in the world. 用 the largest 制造『英语词汇量最大』的印象，但录音里被说『使用人数最多』的是中文(见 the only language that is used by more people is Chinese)，且从没说英语词汇量最大，张冠李戴又夸大），均可排除。
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 11 题：What does the man say is the second advantage of English? 答案是什么？为什么选 C？
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 11 题是细节题，正确答案 C）Its grammar is very simple。答案句出自录音「It's that English grammar is really quite easy. For example, it doesn't have dozens of different endings for its nouns, adjectives and verbs」（那就是英语语法相当简单。比如，它的名词、形容词、动词不像别的语言那样有几十种不同的词尾变化），靠回应『另一个优势』的应答句定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（English grammar is really quite easy ↔ Its grammar is very simple.）。其余选项：A 项属答非所问（It has many international words. 对应的是录音第一个优势 it has a very international vocabulary，本题问第二个优势，拿第一点来答即错位）；B 项属未提及（It can be pronounced easily. 谈发音容易，录音讲的两个优势是词汇国际化和语法简单，从未提发音，属未提及）；D 项属过度推断（It has no different dialects. 没有直接原文支撑——录音说的是语法没有几十种 different endings(词尾变化)，并非『没有不同方言』，把『词尾』偷换成『方言』属过度推断），均可排除。
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 12 题：What is the woman's purpose in making the phone call? 答案是什么？为什么选 C？
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 12 题是目的题，正确答案 C）To place an order。答案句出自录音「My name is Jane Kingsbury of GPF Ltd. Um, we need some supplies for our designer office」（我叫简·金斯伯里，来自 GPF 有限公司。嗯，我们的设计室需要采购一些用品），靠自报家门后的来意句定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（we need some supplies for our designer office ↔ To place an order.）。其余选项：A 项属未提及（To return some goods.（退货）与原文相反——女方是来"需要"东西、要买进，不是退回；全程没有任何已购货物要退的内容）；B 项属未提及（To apply for a job.（求职）原文毫无线索，女方一上来就谈买东西，与应聘无关）；D 项属过度推断（To make a complaint.（投诉）容易因女方一连串追问（价格、含税否、材质、送货）听起来"挑剔"而误选，但她全程在询价、议货，是订货前的正常打听，并无任何不满表达），均可排除。
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 13 题：What do we learn about the man from the conversation? 答案是什么？为什么选 B？
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 13 题是细节题，正确答案 B）He is not familiar with the exact details of the goods。答案句出自录音「Oh, I'm not sure. Most of the prices do. Yes, I think it does. / Oh, I don't know. I think it's a sort of plastic stuff these days」（哦，我不太确定。大部分价格是含的。嗯，我想是含的。／哦，我不知道。我想这年头大概是种塑料材质吧），靠反复出现的"我不确定/我不知道"定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（I'm not sure ↔ He is not familiar with the exact details of the goods.；I don't know. I think it's a sort of plastic stuff ↔ not familiar with the exact details of the goods）。其余选项：A 项属过度推断（He has become somewhat impatient with the woman.（对女方不耐烦）易因他屡屡"不知道"而被听成"嫌烦"，但他始终在配合作答、还反问 So do you want the drawing board then?，并无不耐烦的措辞或语气，属脑补）；C 项属未提及（He has not worked in the sales department for long.（在销售部没干多久）听着像是"不熟业务"的合理解释，但原文只说他不管接文具订单 I only do the equipment，从没提他入职时间长短，是无中生有的推因）；D 项属偷换概念（He works on a part-time basis for the company.（兼职）易被他"只管设备、不接文具单"勾出"他大概只干一部分活"的联想，但 I only do the equipment 说的是分工不同，不等于兼职，原文从未提工作是否为 part-time），均可排除。
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 14 题：What does the man say about delivery? 答案是什么？为什么选 D？
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 14 题是细节题，正确答案 D）It depends on a number of factors。答案句出自录音「Oh, I couldn't really say. It depends on how much work we've got and how many other orders there are to send out, you know」（哦，这我真说不准。要看我们手头有多少活、还有多少别的订单要发出去，你懂的），靠被问送货后的直接应答定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（It depends on how much work we've got and how many other orders there are ↔ It depends on a number of factors.）。其余选项：A 项属张冠李戴（It is not his responsibility.（这不归他管）盗用了后文 I only do the equipment——但"不归他管"说的是文具订单不归他接，并非送货；把另一处的"不归他管"安到"送货"头上，属张冠李戴）；B 项属未提及（It will be free for large orders.（大单免送货费）原文从未提送货是否收费、更没说大单免费，是凭"商家常有大单优惠"的常识编出来的）；C 项属原词陷阱（It costs £15 more for express delivery. 死盗原文 the 45 costs 15 pounds more 里的"15 pounds more"——但那"贵 15 镑"说的是 DO45 比 DO44 贵，是型号差价，跟送货、跟 express 毫无关系。听到"15"就选，正中原词陷阱），均可排除。
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 15 题：What does the woman say she will possibly do tomorrow? 答案是什么？为什么选 C？
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 15 题是细节题，正确答案 C）Ring back when she comes to a decision。答案句出自录音「OK, well, perhaps I ring back tomorrow. / Oh, I have to think about it. Thanks very much. I'll let you know」（好吧，那我也许明天再打回来。／哦，我得再考虑考虑。非常感谢，我会再通知你的），靠结尾告别前的安排句定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（perhaps I ring back tomorrow ↔ Ring back when she comes to a decision.）。其余选项：A 项属未提及（Report the information to her superior.（向上级汇报）原文没有任何"上司/汇报"的内容，她只说自己再考虑，是无中生有）；B 项属原词陷阱（Pay a visit to the saleswoman in charge.（去拜访负责的销售女士）易被男方提到的 The girl that takes orders for supplies 勾出联想，但原文只说那位负责接单的姑娘今早不在，女方从没说要去拜访她；"visit"原文也没有）；D 项属未提及（Make inquiries with some other companies.（向别家公司打听）听着像"货比三家"的合理之举，但女方只说自己再想想、想好回电，根本没提去问别的公司，是常识脑补），均可排除。
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 16 题：What does the speaker say about kites? 答案是什么？为什么选 B？
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 16 题是细节题，正确答案 B）No one knows for sure when they came into being。答案句出自录音「No one knows for sure just how old kites are」（没有人确切知道风筝到底有多古老），靠开篇"No one knows for sure"的不确定语气定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（just how old kites are ↔ when they came into being；No one knows for sure ↔ No one knows for sure）。其余选项：A 项属原词陷阱（录音后面确有 These first kites were probably made of wood. 提到"最初的风筝"，A 借 first made 这个词造出"没人知道在哪儿first made"；但原文 made 谈的是材质（wood），且"说不清"的是年代不是产地，A 答非所问）；C 项属原词陷阱（原文有 Early kites were built for certain uses.，C 借"用途/发明目的"做文章说"没人知道为何发明"；可原文非但没说目的不明，反而清楚列了运绳过河等用途，C 与原文相反）；D 项属未提及（D 说"没人知道未来风筝长什么样"，但整段只讲历史与古今用途，结尾是 kite flying is sure to remain an entertaining and popular sport，谈的是会继续流行，完全没谈未来外形，D 属未提及），均可排除。
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 17 题：What did ancient Chinese use kites to do? 答案是什么？为什么选 A？
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 17 题是细节题，正确答案 A）Carry ropes across rivers。答案句出自录音「In ancient China, they were used to carry ropes to cross rivers」（在古代中国，风筝被用来运送绳索以横渡河流），靠限定词 In ancient China + 用途结构 were used to定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（carry ropes to cross rivers ↔ Carry ropes across rivers）。其余选项：B 项属未提及（原文谈到风筝用 silk，也讲它"flew over the enemy's camp"，但从未提"测风速"。B 利用"风筝—风"的常识联想造测风速，属未提及）；C 项属偷换概念（原文确有将军 flew musical kites over the enemy's camp 让敌人误以为是天使警告而逃，C 借这个"用声音影响敌人"的情节改成"传递秘密信息"；但那是用声音吓退敌军，并非传送密信，C 偷换概念）；D 项属原词陷阱（原文 believing the sounds to be the warning voices of angels 出现 warning，D 顺势造"用风筝报危险"；但 warning 是敌人对声音的误解，是"让敌人以为有警告而逃跑"，并非中国人拿风筝去报危险，D 张冠李戴），均可排除。
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 18 题：Why did Benjamin Franklin fly a kite in the storm? 答案是什么？为什么选 D？
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 18 题是目的题，正确答案 D）To prove that lightning is electricity。答案句出自录音「Benjamin Franklin used a kite to prove that lightning is electricity. He flew the kite in the storm. He did this in order to draw lightning from the clouds」（本杰明·富兰克林用风筝来证明闪电是电。他在暴风雨中放风筝，这样做是为了从云中引出闪电），靠目的信号 to prove / in order to定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（to prove that lightning is electricity ↔ To prove that lightning is electricity）。其余选项：A 项属原词陷阱（原文结尾 it led to the invention of the lightning rod，避雷针确能护房防雷，A 借此说"放风筝是为护房防雷"；但护房是后来避雷针的作用，不是当初放风筝的目的，A 把"后续结果"当"当初目的"）；B 项属原词陷阱（B 说放风筝是为"测试避雷针的效果"，可避雷针是这件事之后才被发明的（later on, it led to the invention of the lightning rod），放风筝时避雷针还不存在，谈不上测试，B 与时间线相悖）；C 项属原词陷阱（原文 He tied a metal key and a strip of silk to the kite line 提到 silk，C 顺手造"为测风筝丝线的强度"；但 silk 在这里是实验材料，作用是 The silk ribbon would stop the lightning from passing through his body（绝缘护身），跟"测丝线强度"毫无关系，C 答非所问），均可排除。
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 19 题：What does the speaker say about herself? 答案是什么？为什么选 B？
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 19 题是细节题，正确答案 B）She can speak several languages。答案句出自录音「I have learned many languages, but I've not mastered them the way the professional interpreter or translator has」（我学过很多种语言，但我并没有像专业口译员或笔译员那样把它们掌握到精通），靠开篇自述句 + 转折 but 划清边界定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（I have learned many languages ↔ She can speak several languages.）。其余选项：A 项属偷换概念（A 说她 enjoys teaching languages（喜欢教语言），但原文是 I have learned many languages——是"学"不是"教"，把 learn 偷换成 teach，听到 languages 就选会上当）；C 项属与原文相反（C 说她 was trained to be an interpreter（受训当口译员），但原文紧接着 but 否定：I've not mastered them the way the professional interpreter or translator has——她恰恰强调自己"不像专业口译那样精通"，选项与原文相反，且盗用了 interpreter 这个原词来诱选）；D 项属未提及（D 说她 was born with a talent for languages（天生有语言天赋），但原文只讲她"学过"很多语言，从没说这是天生的，属凭"会多门语言"脑补出"天赋"，原文无据），均可排除。
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 20 题：What does the speaker say about many people who have lived overseas for a while? 答案是什么？为什么选 D？
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 20 题是细节题，正确答案 D）They have an intense interest in cross-cultural interactions。答案句出自录音「Like many people who have lived overseas for a while, I simply got crazy about it. I can't imagine living my professional or social life without international interactions」（像许多在国外住过一阵子的人一样，我简直对它着了迷。我无法想象自己的职业生活或社交生活里没有跨国互动），靠题干同款词 like…overseas for a while 顺听定位 + 后句解释定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（I can't imagine living my professional or social life without international interactions ↔ They have an intense interest in cross-cultural interactions.）。其余选项：A 项属未提及（A 说他们 acquire an immunity to culture shock（获得对文化冲击的免疫力），原文通篇没提 culture shock，是凭"长期在外"脑补出的引申，无原文支持）；B 项属偷换概念（B 说他们 would like to live abroad permanently（想永久住在国外），原文虽说爱往外跑，却只到 If I had the time and money, I would live for a year in as many countries as possible——是"每国住一年"而非"永久定居"，permanently 把程度抬过头了）；C 项属原词陷阱（C 说他们 want to learn as many foreign languages as possible（想学尽可能多的外语），原文确有 as many…as possible 的句式，但配的是 live for a year in as many countries as possible——是"住尽量多的国家"，不是"学尽量多的语言"，盗用句式张冠李戴），均可排除。
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 21 题：How did the speaker's experience of living in Vienna benefit her? 答案是什么？为什么选 C？
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 21 题是细节题，正确答案 C）She was able to translate for a German sports judge。答案句出自录音「Once, just after I returned from my year in Vienna, I was asked to translate for a German judge at an Olympic level horse event and learned a lot about the sport」（有一次，就在我结束在维也纳一年的生活回来后不久，我被请去为一场奥运级别的马术赛事中的一位德国裁判做翻译，还学到了很多关于这项运动的知识），靠时间锚 after…Vienna + 结果信号 I was asked to定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（I was asked to translate for a German judge at an Olympic level horse event ↔ She was able to translate for a German sports judge.）。其余选项：A 项属过度推断（A 说她 became an expert in horse racing（成了赛马专家），原文只说 learned a lot about the sport（学到不少关于这项运动的知识），"学到不少"远不到"专家"，且 horse event 被偷换成 horse racing，程度被抬高）；B 项属未提及（B 说她 got a chance to visit several European countries（得到游览几个欧洲国家的机会），原文只提到 Vienna（维也纳，奥地利）一地，从没说她借此游历多个欧洲国家，是"住维也纳"引出的合理脑补）；D 项属未提及（D 说她 learned to appreciate classical music（学会欣赏古典音乐），"维也纳=音乐之都"是常识联想，但原文讲的受益是做翻译，根本没提音乐，纯属背景知识脑补），均可排除。
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 22 题：What was the speaker asked to do in the Japanese studio? 答案是什么？为什么选 A？
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 22 题是细节题，正确答案 A）Taste the beef and give her comment。答案句出自录音「In Japan, once when I was in the studio audience of a TV cooking show, I was asked to go up on the stage and taste the beef dish that was being prepared and tell what I thought」（在日本，有一次我坐在一档电视烹饪节目的观众席里，被请上台去品尝正在烹制的牛肉菜肴，并说说我的感受），靠场景锚 Japanese studio + 结果信号 I was asked to定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（taste the beef dish that was being prepared and tell what I thought ↔ Taste the beef and give her comment.）。其余选项：B 项属原词陷阱（B 说她 Take part in a cooking competition（参加烹饪比赛），原文是 cooking show（烹饪节目）不是 competition，她只是观众被请上台尝一口，没有比赛，把 cooking 这个原词盗来夸成"比赛"）；C 项属答非所问（C 说她 Teach vocabulary for food in English（用英语教食物词汇），原文她是用日语 speaking in Japanese about how delicious the beef was 评价牛肉，既不是"教词汇"也不是"用英语"，方向全错）；D 项属过度推断（D 说她 Give cooking lessons on Western food（教西餐烹饪课），原文她只是被请上台尝牛肉、说感受，并未授课讲西餐，cooking 原词被借去夸大成"上课"），均可排除。
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 23 题：What do we learn about Ben Carsen? 答案是什么？为什么选 C？
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 23 题是细节题，正确答案 C）He grew up in a poor single-parent family。答案句出自录音「Dr. Ben Carsen grew up in a poor single-parent household in Detroit」（本·卡森博士在底特律一个贫困的单亲家庭里长大），靠篇章开篇第一句即交代出身定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（grew up in a poor single-parent household ↔ grew up in a poor single-parent family）。其余选项：A 项属张冠李戴（原文 His mother, who had only a 3rd grade education 说的是"他母亲只有三年级文化"，He had only a third-grade education. 把母亲的学历张冠李戴到本·卡森身上）；B 项属原词陷阱（原文 once threatened to kill another child 说他曾扬言要杀"另一个孩子"，He once threatened to kill his teacher. 盗用了 threatened to kill 这个抓耳的原词，却把对象 another child 偷换成 his teacher）；D 项属未提及（原文 worked two jobs cleaning bathrooms 是他母亲打两份工打扫卫生间，He often helped his mother do housework. 借"housework"的联想凭空安到他身上，原文从没说他常帮母亲做家务），均可排除。
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 24 题：What did Ben Carsen's classmates and teachers think of him when he was first at school? 答案是什么？为什么选 B？
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 24 题是态度观点题，正确答案 B）Stupid。答案句出自录音「To his classmates and even to his teachers, he was thought of as the dumbest kid in the class」（在同学们眼里、甚至在老师们眼里，他都被看作是班上最笨的孩子），靠评价词 dumbest 即落点定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（the dumbest kid in the class ↔ Stupid.）。其余选项：A 项属未提及（原文对他的评价只有"笨"（dumbest），从未说他 careless（粗心），这是另起一个原文没出现的评价词来干扰）；C 项属与原文相反（brave（勇敢）是褒义，而原文给的是贬义的 dumbest，极性相反；他威胁要杀人也不等于"勇敢"，这是把负评偷换成褒评）；D 项属未提及（active（活跃）原文从未提到，且与"最笨"无关，是又一个原文没出现的褒义词干扰），均可排除。
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 25 题：What did Ben Carsen's mother tell him to do when he was a school boy? 答案是什么？为什么选 A？
- 英语四级2015年12月第2套听力第 25 题是细节题，正确答案 A）Write two book reports a week。答案句出自录音「He could not watch television except for two programs a week, could not play with his friends after school until he finished his homework, and had to read two books a week and write book reports about them」（他每周只能看两个电视节目，放学后不做完作业不许和朋友玩，每周还必须读两本书并为它们写读书报告），靠规则信号词 had to/could not 串起要求定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（had to read two books a week and write book reports about them ↔ Write two book reports a week.）。其余选项：B 项属偷换概念（母亲让他做的是 write book reports（写读书报告），Keep a diary.（写日记）原文从未出现，是把"写报告"偷换成另一种"写"）；C 项属未提及（母亲列的规矩是看电视/和朋友玩/读书写报告，没有 housework；Help with housework. 借 23 题也出现过的 housework 话题词来诱选，原文母亲的要求里根本没提家务）；D 项属原词陷阱（原文 could not watch television except for two programs a week 限的是"每周只能看两个节目"，Watch educational TV programs only. 盗用 television 原词，却把"只看两个节目"偷换成"只看教育类节目"，限定方向完全不同），均可排除。