2023年12月·第1套 英语六级阅读理解（四选一） 第 1 篇 · 46–50 题答案与解析

Why does the formula of tax cuts remain popular though ineffective? 用 Why 直接问原因，是要回到原文找一句明确解释。

主句 Why does the formula of tax cuts remain popular 加状语从句 though ineffective——though 后省略了 it is，完整是 though it is ineffective；六级常用 though 引出让步状语，识别它是看懂题干逻辑的关键。

• A)无中生有

  原文只说 the cult of tax cuts has attracted many critics——招致很多批评，没有说这些批评"未被全国听见"。

• B)✓ 正确
  • it lacks for obvious rivals↔There seem to be no other options available to replace it.

  B 项是 it lacks for obvious rivals 的同义重写，与预判完全吻合。

• C)以偏概全

  原文 One of the great successes of the Republican Party 明确只是共和党在传播，选项扩大为 all policymakers（所有政策制定者）。

• D)无中生有

  原文只说该公式 doesn't work, but that has not affected its popularity，并未说大众"误解"了这个公式。

What does the author think is a more effective measure for driving economic growth in the U.S.? 直接问作者认为有效的措施，原文必有一句明确给出。

主句 What does the author think，think 后跟省略 that 的宾语从句 is a more effective measure for driving economic growth in the U.S.；六级常考插入语式的 author think，识别它后面才是真正提问的内容。

• A)张冠李戴

  Democratic politicians have tended to campaign on helping people left behind by economic growth. 这是作者描述民主党的做法，紧接着 P4 就把它否定为"政治问题"。

• B)与原文相反

  We'd all be better off paying less attention to quarterly updates on the growth of the nation's gross domestic product (GDP)——作者明确说应少关注 GDP 增长。

• C)✓ 正确
  • Raising the wages of American workers↔Increasing the compensation for labor.

  C 项是 Raising the wages of American workers 的逐字同义改写，与预判完全吻合。

• D)与原文相反

  全文要驳斥的就是减税公式（tax cuts），作者不可能反过来主张更大规模减税。

What is the logic underlying the author's viewpoint? 用 What 直接问支撑作者观点的逻辑机制，原文应有明确陈述。

What is the logic underlying the author's viewpoint?——underlying 是现在分词作后置定语，修饰 logic，等于 that underlies；六级阅读高频，看到 -ing 后置定语要意识到它修饰前面那个名词。

• A)✓ 正确
  • workers who are paid more can spend more↔The growth of workers' paychecks ultimately boosts the nation's economy.
  • Consumption drives the American economy↔ultimately boosts the nation's economy

  A 项用 ultimately 把 P8 的两句话压成一句因果，与预判的"加薪→消费→经济增长"完全一致。

• B)偷换概念

  He did it to increase production—he was paying a premium to maintain a reliable workforce. 是福特出于产能目的支付溢价；The unexpected benefit was that Ford's factory workers became Ford customers, too. 中"工人变顾客"是意外结果，并非"支付溢价"直接导向"吸引更多顾客"。

• C)与原文相反

  原文 workers who are paid more can spend more 是高工资 → 高消费，选项反成"消费刺激加薪欲望"，因果链方向倒置。

• D)过度推断

  Set aside, for the moment, the familiar argument for higher wages: fairness.——作者只是说"暂且搁置"公平这一旧论据，并未说它过时。

What is the basis for higher wages according to the conventional wisdom? 用 What 直问按传统观点加薪的依据，回原文找明确陈述句。

主句 What is the basis for higher wages + 介词短语 according to the conventional wisdom——according to 引出陈述主体，意味着答案要看 conventional wisdom 那方怎么说，而非作者本人怎么说；六级常借这个介词短语区分立场，须警觉。

• A)张冠李戴

  Set aside, for the moment, the familiar argument for higher wages: fairness. 中"公平"是作者列出的另一种加薪理由（且被搁置），与 conventional wisdom 无关。

• B)✓ 正确
  • productivity growth↔Increase in productivity.

  B 项就是 productivity growth 的同义改写，与预判直接对应。

• C)张冠李戴

  Raising the wages of American workers ought to be the priority of economic policymakers. 是作者本人的主张，不是传统观点对加薪基础的判断。

• D)张冠李戴

  Mainstream economists insist that ... compensation levels reflect the unerring judgment of market forces. 是主流经济学家的判断，且原文中"市场力量的无误判断"是指工资水平的决定方式，不是加薪的依据。

What do we learn about things in the real world in America for the past 50 years or so? 问我们从原文得知的事实，原文必有对应陈述。

What do we learn about things in the real world in America for the past 50 years or so?——主干是 What do we learn about things，三层介词短语 in the real world/in America/for the past 50 years or so 层层限定 things；六级长题干常用这种层层限定，要逐层抓住主体（things=各种情况）。

• A)✓ 正确
  • Productivity has more than doubled; wages have lagged far behind.↔People have failed to see a corresponding increase in wages and in productivity.
  • the widening gap between productivity growth and wage growth↔a corresponding increase in wages and in productivity

  A 项用 failed to see a corresponding increase 表达"生产率翻倍而工资落后"的整体含义，与预判完全吻合。

• B)无中生有

  原文 a tug of war between employers and workers 是劳资博弈，不是贫富分化（haves and have-nots）；且原文未提任何人 disheartened（沮丧）。

• C)偷换概念

  原文 a tug of war between employers and workers 是劳资双方的拉锯战，而非两党的争斗；且原文未说民主党与共和党在减税上拉锯。

• D)过度推断

  Productivity has more than doubled; wages have lagged far behind. 说的是"差距扩大"，并未说"联系消失（link disappearing）"——差距大 ≠ 联系断；且 well-being（福祉）也比 wages 范围更大。