2023年12月·第1套 英语六级听力真题原文与答案解析
本页是 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力 的真题原文与答案解析页 —— 与试卷排版同一卷面层级（3 个 Section：长对话 2 · 听力篇章 2 · 讲座/讲话 3），按录音篇目 逐篇排印：7 篇录音各自先给 共 2379 词的完整录音文字稿（逐段中译） ，再逐题接上该题的题目与解析 ——题干与选项中译、正确答案、答案句录音原文与中译、答案信号、同义替换对照与错项原词陷阱归因，全卷共 25 道四选一的题，答案字母分布 A 7 · B 6 · C 6 · D 6。
本套原声音频可直接在本页在线收听（页面底部播放条：0.75–1.5 倍速、前后 10 秒、按录音篇目跳听；各篇题行另有「播放本篇」按钮）。同题型其余套的音频见 英语六级听力真题总页。
听力题和解析
本卷全部 25 题的标准答案与完整录音文字稿由懒笔记基于2023年12月·第1套 英语六级听力原卷逐题核对整理。与试卷排版同一卷面层级：Part/Section 标题与各节 Directions 照原卷排印——真实听力考卷只印选项，题干由录音念出。其下按录音篇目逐篇排印：每篇先给完整录音文字稿（逐段中译），再逐题给出卷面题目与该题解析（题目、翻译、答案、定位、信号、替换与排除）。
以下按录音篇目排印：每篇先给录音原文与逐段中译（考卷上没有，考试时录音只播一遍、卷面只印选项），再逐题给出卷面题目与解析。
M: Hello, doctor.
M：你好，医生。
W: Hello, please take a seat. I have your test results here, and it's good news. The blood test came back clear. There is no indication of any digestive issues.
W：你好，请坐。我这里有你的检查结果，而且是个好消息。血液检查结果正常，没有任何消化系统问题的迹象。
M: So then why do I feel so poorly all the time?
M：那我为什么总是感觉这么不舒服？
W: It's probably due to overwork and stress.
W：这可能是过度劳累和压力造成的。
M: No, it can't be. I've always been working hard, but I've never felt stress. Other people suffering complain about that, but I don't. It must be something else.
M：不，不可能。我一直都很努力地工作，但从来没有感到过压力。其他饱受压力折磨的人会抱怨这个问题，但我不会。一定是别的原因。
W: What you have just described is a common sentiment. Many people who suffer from stress fail to recognise it. You told me you often work long into the night, right?
W：你刚才描述的情况很常见。许多承受压力的人都没有意识到自己正处于压力之中。你告诉过我，你经常工作到深夜，对吧？
M: Yes, most days in fact. But I've been doing that for about 20 years now.
M：对，实际上大多数日子都是这样。但我这样已经有大约20年了。
W: That doesn't matter. You could have been suffering from stress for 20 years without knowing it, and now it's catching up to you.
W：那并不代表什么。你可能在不知情的情况下承受了20年的压力，现在它开始影响你了。
M: But what about my feeling tired all the time and not being able to sleep well at night?
M：可是我总是感到疲惫，晚上也睡不好，这又是怎么回事？
W: Those are common consequences of stress. And if you don't sleep well, then of course you will feel fatigued. I'm going to prescribe some special sleeping pills for you. They have a soft, gentle effect and are made from natural ingredients, so your stomach should tolerate them fine, and there shouldn't be any negative side effects. Take one with your dinner and come see me after a month. If there is no improvement, I'll give you something stronger.
W：这些都是压力带来的常见后果。如果你睡不好，当然就会感到疲劳。我会给你开一些特殊的安眠药。它们药效温和，是用天然成分制成的，所以你的胃应该能够很好地耐受，也不应产生任何负面副作用。晚餐时服用一片，一个月后再来见我。如果没有改善，我会给你开药效更强的药。
M: Thank you, doctor.
M：谢谢你，医生。
W: That's not all. You should try and work less. Is there any way you can decrease your workload?
W：还不止这些。你应该试着少工作一些。你有没有办法减轻自己的工作量？
M: Um, I'd have to think about it. I'm a restaurant manager and this industry is very competitive. There are many things to keep track of and stay on top of.
M：嗯，我得考虑一下。我是一名餐厅经理，而这个行业竞争非常激烈。有很多事情需要跟进并确保掌控。
W: I recommend you think about delegating some responsibilities to someone else. I'm not asking you to retire just to slow down a bit. It's for your own health.
W：我建议你考虑把一部分职责委派给其他人。我不是让你退休，只是让你稍微放慢节奏。这是为了你自己的健康。
What do we learn about the man from his test results?
从男士的检查结果中我们了解到什么?
- A) 很明显他有望享有健康的生活。
- B) 他的消化系统没有任何问题。
- C) 有迹象表明他的血液循环存在问题。
- D) 他不知道自己长期以来一直健康状况不佳。
The blood test came back clear. There is no indication of any digestive issues.
血液化验结果是清白的（没问题）。没有任何消化系统问题的迹象。
医生宣布结果的直接陈述句。医生一坐下就直接通报结论 The blood test came back clear 并补一句 There is no indication of any digestive issues——这种“医生直接公布检查结果”的陈述就是答案信号，不用等转折。
- no indication of any digestive issuesnothing wrong with his digestive system“没有消化问题迹象”=“消化系统没毛病”
- C)原词陷阱录音查的是 blood test 与 digestive issues，an issue with his blood circulation 借用了“血液 blood”的耳熟感，却把对象偷换成 blood circulation（血液循环），录音从未说循环有问题，且结果是 clear（清白），与“有问题”正好相反。
借用原文：The blood test came back clear
- A)过度推断录音只说某项检查没问题，It is clear that he is expected to enjoy a healthy life 却推到“可望享有健康人生”——录音里他正feel poorly、被诊断有压力，谈不上健康一生，是无中生有的拔高。
- D)答非所问He doesn't know he has long been suffering from poor health 套用了后文“压力潜伏二十年而不自知”的影子，但本题问的是 test results（化验结果），结果恰恰是“清白”，并未说明他长期体弱，错位安插。
借用原文：You could have been suffering from stress for 20 years without knowing it
What does the woman think is a common phenomenon among many people?
女士认为许多人当中有什么普遍现象?
- A) 将疾病症状误认为是压力。
- B) 抱怨自己工作过度。
- C) 没有意识到自己所承受的压力。
- D) 患病却没有察觉。
What you have just described is a common sentiment. Many people who suffer from stress fail to recognise it.
你刚才描述的是一种很常见的心态。许多承受压力的人都意识不到自己有压力。
含 common / Many people 的概括句。女方用 a common sentiment 与 Many people who suffer from stress fail to recognise it 对“很多人”下普遍性判断——出现 common、Many people 这类总括词，就是“普遍现象”题的答案信号。
- Many people who suffer from stress fail to recognise itBeing unaware of the stress they are under“承压却没认出”=“没意识到自己身处压力”
- D)偷换概念Suffering from illness without recognising it 与答案句框架一致（都是“X 而不自知”），但 X 被换成 illness；录音说的是 suffer from stress fail to recognise it——没认出的是压力不是疾病，差的正是那个核心变量。
借用原文：Many people who suffer from stress fail to recognise it
- A)与原文相反Mistaking symptoms of illness for stress 是“把病当成压力”，而录音是“有压力却没认出（把压力当别的）”，方向恰好反过来；男方原话是 I've never felt stress，是不承认压力，不是错把病当压力。
- B)原词陷阱Complaining they are being overworked 蹭了录音 overwork and stress 的 overwork，但女方说的是很多人“没意识到压力”，恰恰不是“抱怨过劳”；男方甚至说 other people complain，他自己不抱怨，与“很多人抱怨”相反。
借用原文：It's probably due to overwork and stress
What does the woman say she will do for the man?
女士说她将为男士做什么?
- A) 给他开一些药物。
- B) 再给他做一次体检。
- C) 向他解释压力的常见后果。
- D) 从药店为他购买一些安眠药。
I'm going to + 动词的将来表态句。女方用 I'm going to prescribe some special sleeping pills for you 主动声明下一步动作——I'm going to 这类将来式表态，就是“她将做什么”题的答案信号。
- prescribe some special sleeping pillsPrescribe some medication for him“开安眠药”=“开药（medication）”
- D)原词陷阱Buy some sleeping pills for him from the drugstore 盗用了原句的 sleeping pills，却把动作从“医生开处方 prescribe”改成“去药店买 buy from the drugstore”；录音里医生是开方，不是替他去药店买药。
借用原文：I'm going to prescribe some special sleeping pills for you
- C)答非所问Explain to him the common consequence of stress 蹭了录音 Those are common consequences of stress，但那是医生在解释失眠成因，不是回答“她将为他做什么”这一动作；本题要的是她接下来要做的事，是开药。
借用原文：Those are common consequences of stress
- B)未提及Give him another physical check-up 录音从未提及再做体检——医生是看着已有的 test results 直接开药，并约一个月后复诊，没有安排再次体检。
What does the man say about the industry he is engaged in?
男士对他所从事的行业说了什么?
- A) 它要求负责任的管理。
- B) 它被证明相当有利可图。
- C) 它非常有前景。
- D) 它充满竞争。
this industry is very + 形容词的直接评价句。男方自陈身份后用 this industry is very competitive 直接评价所在行业——this industry is very + 形容词的结构就是“行业评价”题的答案信号，落点在 competitive 这个词。
- this industry is very competitiveIt is full of competition“非常有竞争性”=“充满竞争”
- A)原词陷阱It calls for responsible management 蹭了男方自报身份 I'm a restaurant manager 里的 manager/management，但他评价行业用的词是 competitive，从没说这行“需要负责任的管理”，是借身份词造的干扰。
借用原文：I'm a restaurant manager
- B)未提及It proves to be quite profitable 谈盈利，但男方对行业的描述只有“竞争激烈”和“事务繁多”，从未提到赚钱与否，是无中生有。
- C)未提及It is remarkably promising 说行业前景可观，但录音里男方谈的是竞争和繁忙、并被建议放慢节奏，全无“前景大好”之意，属凭空添加的正面评价。
W: Today on People in the News, our guest is John Williams. The name may not sound familiar to you, but John was once an acclaimed basketball player. John, you stunned fans by leaving the sport at just 25. Why did you retire so early?
W: 欢迎收看今天的《新闻人物》，我们的嘉宾是约翰·威廉姆斯。这个名字大家可能不太熟悉，但约翰曾经是一位备受赞誉的篮球运动员。约翰，你在年仅25岁时退役让球迷们大吃一惊。你当时为什么这么早就选择退役呢？
M: Meg, I loved being an athlete, but I didn't love being a celebrity. I was in the limelight when I was still a high school student and went professional right after high school graduation, which was a mistake. I was a shy kid and I wasn't ready for all the media attention.
M: 梅格，我热爱成为一名运动员，但我不喜欢成为名人。我还在上高中时就处于聚光灯下，高中一毕业就转为了职业球员，这其实是个错误。我当时是个害羞的孩子，还没做好应对所有媒体关注的准备。
W: But walking away from millions of dollars at the height of your career, most people wouldn't be able to resist the lure of such a high salary. When you left the sport, there was speculation that you were having issues with your teammates or even an injury.
W: 但在职业生涯鼎盛时期放弃数百万美元，大多数人都无法抵挡如此高薪的诱惑。当你离开赛场时，外界曾推测你是和队友产生了矛盾，甚至是有伤在身。
M: Not at all. It was hard to quit. I was tempted to stay in the game, because I love basketball and I loved my team. As for money, I turned professional at 18. So I'd actually earned a lot and saved most of it, because I had great financial advisers. I knew basketball wasn't a career with a lot of longevity for most players, so I wanted to change careers while I was still young.
M: 完全不是这样。选择放弃确实很难。我当时也纠结过要不要留下来继续打球，因为我热爱篮球，也热爱我的球队。至于钱的问题，我18岁就转为了职业球员。因为我有优秀的理财顾问，所以我实际上已经赚了不少钱，并且存下了大部分。我知道对大多数球员来说，篮球并不是一项能打很久的职业，所以我希望趁自己还年轻转换职业。
W: Okay, that was 20 years ago, and you're back in the news. You've created a foundation that works to get more kids playing team sports. Why?
W: 好的，那是20年前的事了，现在你又重回大众视野。你创立了一个基金会，致力于让更多孩子参与团队运动。这是为什么呢？
M: I went to university and I studied public health and learned about the seriousness of the obesity epidemic, particularly among kids and adolescents in poor communities. I've spent the last two decades trying to alleviate the problem. The foundation is just the latest attempt.
M: 我读了大学，学习了公共卫生学，了解到肥胖流行问题的严重性，尤其是在贫困社区的儿童和青少年群体中。在过去二十年里，我一直在努力缓解这个问题。这个基金会只是我最新的尝试。
W: The foundation uses private donations to support basketball teams for girls and boys in primary school, right?
W: 这个基金会利用私人捐款来资助小学的男女生篮球队，对吗？
M: Actually, we support teams for secondary school students, too, and also have some public funding.
M: 实际上，我们也资助中学生的球队，而且我们也有一些公共资金。
Why did John Williams leave the sport of basketball at just 25?
John Williams 为什么在年仅 25 岁时就离开了篮球运动?
- A) 为了避免成为公众关注的焦点。
- B) 为了寻求医疗帮助治疗他的伤病。
- C) 为了追求竞争性较小的职业。
- D) 为了远离充满敌意的队友。
I loved being an athlete, but I didn't love being a celebrity. I was in the limelight when I was still a high school student and went professional right after high school graduation, which was a mistake. I was a shy kid and I wasn't ready for all the media attention.
我热爱当运动员，但我不喜欢当名人。我还在念高中时就处在聚光灯下，高中一毕业就转入职业，这是个错误。我是个害羞的孩子，还没准备好应对这一切媒体关注。
被问者应答 + 转折 but 见真意。主持人问他为何退役，被问者亲口回答的这句就是答案句；其中 but I didn\'t love being a celebrity 的转折 but 之后才是真正的退役理由，前半 I loved being an athlete 是铺垫干扰。
- I didn\'t love being a celebrityTo avoid being in the limelight.不爱当名人=避开聚光灯
- B)原词陷阱B 借用了原文里 injury 一词，但那是主持人提出的传闻 you were having issues with your teammates or even an injury，被问者随即以 Not at all 明确否认，故因伤就医并非退役原因。
借用原文：there was speculation that you were having issues with your teammates or even an injury
- C)过度推断他确实想趁年轻转行，但原文动机是 basketball wasn\'t a career with a lot of longevity（这行干不长），并非为追求「竞争更小」的职业，C 是无中生有地编了个理由。
- D)原词陷阱D 借用原文 teammates 一词，但 issues with your teammates 同样只是主持人的猜测，被 Not at all 一并否认，与队友不和并非退役原因。
借用原文：you were having issues with your teammates
What does the man say about basketball as a career for most players?
关于篮球作为大多数球员的职业,这位男士说了什么?
- A) 它有起有落。
- B) 它被证明是有回报的。
- C) 它持续的时间不长。
- D) 它没有那么赚钱。
I knew basketball wasn't a career with a lot of longevity for most players, so I wanted to change careers while I was still young.
我知道对大多数球员来说，篮球不是个能干很久的职业，所以我想趁年轻就转行。
被问者亲口下的定性句。这句 basketball wasn\'t a career with a lot of longevity for most players 是男士对篮球职业寿命的直接判断，与题干 for most players 的限定完全对应，是答案句。
- wasn\'t a career with a lot of longevityIt does not last long.缺乏长久性=持续不久
- A)未提及原文只说这行干不长，从未提到 ups and downs（有起有落），A 是凭印象编出的评价，属无中生有。
- B)答非所问他确实说热爱篮球、留恋球队，但这是个人情感，并非说篮球作为职业 proves rewarding（有回报）；B 借了正面语气却与「问职业属性」答非所问。
- D)与原文相反D 借用了这段反复出现的 money 话题，但原文是 I\'d actually earned a lot and saved most of it，说明他挺赚钱，与 not so profitable（不赚钱）正好相反。
借用原文：I\'d actually earned a lot and saved most of it
What do we learn from the woman about John Williams 20 years later?
关于 20 年后的 John Williams,我们从这位女士那里了解到什么?
- A) 他是一名财务顾问。
- B) 他健康状况不佳。
- C) 他成为了一名篮球教练。
- D) 他重新出现在新闻中。
Okay, that was 20 years ago, and you're back in the news. You've created a foundation that works to get more kids playing team sports.
好，那是二十年前的事了，如今你重回新闻视野。你创立了一个基金会，致力于让更多孩子参与团队运动。
女士口中 20 years 时间锚句。由女士说出、带时间标志 that was 20 years ago, and you\'re back in the news，正对应题干的 woman 与 20 years later，是答案句。
- you\'re back in the newsHe was back in the news.你重回新闻=他重回新闻
- A)原词陷阱A 借用了原文 I had great financial advisers 里的 financial，但那说的是他当年请了理财顾问，而非他本人 20 年后成了理财顾问，时间与身份都被错置。
借用原文：I had great financial advisers
- B)张冠李戴原文谈 health 是指他后来研究 public health、关注 obesity，并非他自己 suffered from poor health；把「研究健康问题」误读成「他健康不佳」，属把内容安错对象。
借用原文：I studied public health
- C)原词陷阱C 借用反复出现的 basketball，但原文 20 年后他做的是创立基金会推动孩子运动，从未说他 became a basketball coach，教练身份系无中生有。
借用原文：You\'ve created a foundation that works to get more kids playing team sports
What has the man spent the last two decades trying to do?
这位男士在过去二十年里一直试图做什么?
- A) 研究公共卫生问题。
- B) 缓解肥胖问题。
- C) 筹集足够的公共资金。
- D) 训练年轻篮球运动员。
I studied public health and learned about the seriousness of the obesity epidemic, particularly among kids and adolescents in poor communities. I've spent the last two decades trying to alleviate the problem.
我研究了公共健康，了解到肥胖流行问题的严重性，尤其是在贫困社区的儿童和青少年中。过去二十年我一直在努力缓解这个问题。
spent...trying 与题干同款行动句。原文 I\'ve spent the last two decades trying to alleviate the problem 与题干 spent the last two decades trying to do 几乎逐词对应，是直接锁定答案的持续行动句。
- trying to alleviate the problemAlleviate the obesity problem.缓解这个问题=缓解肥胖问题
- A)原词陷阱A 借用原文 I studied public health，但研究公共健康是他在大学里的学习，是认识问题的前提，而非他二十年来「致力做」的那件事；真正的长期目标是缓解肥胖。
借用原文：I studied public health
- C)原词陷阱C 借用原文 also have some public funding 里的 public funding，但那只是基金会的资金来源之一，原文并未说他二十年来一直在筹集足够的公共资金，属错置内容。
借用原文：also have some public funding
- D)偷换概念D 借用篮球相关词，原文确有 basketball teams 与让孩子打球，但那是缓解肥胖的手段，且对象是普通中小学生而非培养 young basketball players，目的被偷换。
借用原文：support basketball teams for girls and boys in primary school
Kate Atkinson was born in York, England, in 1951. She worked hard to gain her credentials as an author. She studied English Literature at University in Scotland. After graduating in 1974, she researched a doctorate on American Literature. Later, she taught at the university she graduated from, and began writing short stories in 1981. She began writing for women's magazines after winning the 1986 Woman's Own Short Story Competition. Her first novel, Behind the Scenes at the Museum, won the 1995 UK Book of the Year award. The book is set in Yorkshire and has been adapted for radio, theatre, and TV. She has written two plays for a theatre in Edinburgh—the first was called Nice and the second Abandonment, performed as part of the Edinburgh Festival in August 2000.
凯特·阿特金森于1951年出生于英国约克。她努力获得了作为作家的资历。她在苏格兰的一所大学学习英国文学。1974年毕业后，她攻读美国文学博士学位。后来，她在自己毕业的那所大学任教，并于1981年开始创作短篇小说。她赢得1986年《Woman's Own》短篇小说比赛后，开始为女性杂志撰稿。她的第一部小说《博物馆幕后》获得了1995年英国年度图书奖。小说以约克郡为背景，后来被改编成广播剧、舞台剧和电视剧。她为爱丁堡的一家剧院创作了两部戏剧，第一部名为《Nice》，第二部名为《Abandonment》，于2000年8月作为爱丁堡艺术节的一部分演出。
Whatever genre Atkinson writes in, her books touch on the themes of love and loss and how to carry on. They are always presented with ingenuity and a wicked sense of humor. Her books tend to be populated by odd, sometimes sinful, and generally flawed eccentrics who become credible by virtue of being so fully realized. Her books have frequently been described as comedies of manners. That is to say, comedies that represent the complex and sophisticated code of behaviour current in fashionable circles of society, where appearances count more than true moral character. A comedy of manners tends to reward its clever and deceitful characters, rather than punish their bad deeds. The humor of a comedy of manners relies on verbal wit and playful teasing.
无论阿特金森创作哪一种类型的作品，她的书都触及爱与失去以及如何继续生活下去等主题。她总是以独具匠心的方式呈现这些主题，并带有一种辛辣的幽默感。她的书中往往充满古怪、有时甚至有罪过、总体上存在缺陷的特立独行者；正因为这些人物被刻画得如此完整，他们才显得可信。她的书经常被称为风俗喜剧。也就是说，这类喜剧描绘的是社会时尚圈中复杂而精致的行为规范，在那里，外表比真正的道德品质更重要。风俗喜剧往往奖赏那些聪明而诡诈的人物，而不是惩罚他们的恶行。风俗喜剧的幽默依靠语言机智和顽皮的调侃。
When did Kate Atkinson begin to write for women's magazines?
Kate Atkinson 是什么时候开始为女性杂志撰稿的?
- A) 当她开始在苏格兰爱丁堡大学任教时。
- B) 在她攻读美国文学博士学位期间。
- C) 在出版她的第一部小说《博物馆幕后》之后。
- D) 在赢得1986年《女性周刊》短篇小说大赛之后。
She began writing for women's magazines after winning the 1986 Woman's Own Short Story Competition.
她在赢得 1986 年《Woman's Own》短篇小说大赛之后,开始为女性杂志写作。
after 时间标志词直接锁定时点。答案句里 after winning the 1986 Woman's Own Short Story Competition 的 after 是明确的时间定向词,把"开始为女性杂志写作"这一动作精确挂在"获奖"事件之后——听到"writing for women's magazines"紧跟 after,就锁定这一句。
- after winning the 1986 Woman's Own Short Story CompetitionAfter winning the 1986 Woman's Own Short Story Competition.原文与选项近乎逐字同形,只需对住事件
- A)原词陷阱When she started teaching at Edinburgh University in Scotland. 盗用了原文 she taught at the university she graduated from 这一真实事件来诱选,但任教在前(1981 写短篇之前),并非"为女性杂志写作"的时点;且原文是"母校"而非 Edinburgh University,地点也被偷改。
借用原文：Later, she taught at the university she graduated from
- B)原词陷阱While she was doing her doctoral studies on American Literature. 借原文 she researched a doctorate on American Literature 设套,读博发生在 1974 年毕业后、远早于 1986 年,并非为女性杂志写作的时间。
借用原文：After graduating in 1974, she researched a doctorate on American Literature
- C)原词陷阱After publishing her first novel Behind the Scenes at the Museum. 借原文 Her first novel, Behind the Scenes at the Museum, won the 1995 UK Book of the Year award 设套;出版在 1995 年、晚于为女性杂志写作的 1986 年,时序正好反了。
借用原文：Her first novel, Behind the Scenes at the Museum, won the 1995 UK Book of the Year award
What did Kate Atkinson's books touch on?
Kate Atkinson 的书涉及了什么?
- A) 爱与失去的主题。
- B) 人类行为的准则。
- C) 古怪之人的罪过和缺陷。
- D) 上流社会的礼仪。
Whatever genre Atkinson writes in, her books touch on the themes of love and loss and how to carry on.
无论写什么体裁,阿特金森的书都触及爱与失、以及如何继续生活下去这些主题。
题干同词 touch on 领起主题,直给答案。答案句 her books touch on the themes of love and loss 用的动词与题干 touch on 完全同款,等于原文亲口把答案领出来——听到 "her books touch on…" 就锁这句,后面紧跟的主题即答案。
- the themes of love and lossThe themes of love and loss.主题表述逐字对应
- B)答非所问The code of human behaviour. 取自原文后文 the complex and sophisticated code of behaviour,但那是在解释"风尚喜剧"这一文类的定义,不是回答"her books touch on 什么主题"的内容,答非所问。
借用原文：the complex and sophisticated code of behaviour current in fashionable circles of society
- C)答非所问The sins and flaws of eccentrics. 拼自原文 sometimes sinful, and generally flawed eccentrics,但那句讲的是书里"住着哪类人物形象",而题目问的是 touch on 的"主题",混淆了"登场人物"与"核心主题"。
借用原文：populated by odd, sometimes sinful, and generally flawed eccentrics
- D)答非所问The manners of fashionable circles. 取自原文 code of behaviour current in fashionable circles of society 与 comedies of manners,这些是解释"风尚喜剧"文类标签的措辞,而非她书的 touch on 主题。
借用原文：comedies that represent the complex and sophisticated code of behaviour current in fashionable circles of society
What do we learn about the clever and deceitful characters in a comedy of manners?
关于风尚喜剧中聪明而狡诈的角色,我们了解到什么?
- A) 他们通常对复杂的人际关系一无所知。
- B) 他们成功地模仿名人的举止。
- C) 他们经常得到奖赏而不是受到惩罚。
- D) 他们在社会上普遍受到轻视。
A comedy of manners tends to reward its clever and deceitful characters, rather than punish their bad deeds.
风尚喜剧往往奖赏它那些聪明而狡诈的角色,而不是惩罚他们的恶行。
reward…rather than punish 的对比定向句。答案句用 reward its clever and deceitful characters, rather than punish their bad deeds 这一"奖赏 A、而非惩罚 B"的对比结构直接交代结局——rather than 是关键定向词,把方向钉死在"受赏"一边;听到 reward…rather than punish 就锁这句。
- reward its clever and deceitful characters, rather than punish their bad deedsThey often get rewarded instead of being punished.主动→被动 + rather than=instead of 同义改写
- A)原词陷阱They are usually ignorant of complex human relations. 把原文 the complex and sophisticated code of behaviour 里的 complex 一词揪出来拼成"对复杂人际无知",但原文从未说这些角色"无知",纯属据片词臆造。
借用原文：the complex and sophisticated code of behaviour
- B)未提及They successfully imitate the manners of celebrities. 借原文 manners 一词造势,但原文只字未提这些角色"成功模仿名人",imitate/celebrities 都无出处,属凭空添加。
- D)与原文相反They are generally looked down upon in society. 取了"受罚/负面"的方向,正好与原文 reward…rather than punish 的"受赏不受罚"相反——原文明说是被奖赏,本项却说被社会看轻,极性反了。
借用原文：rather than punish their bad deeds
Why is adaptability an important skill to exercise in the workplace? Simply put, adaptability is a skill employers are increasingly looking for. When you spend time learning a new task rather than resisting it, your productivity goes up. You can also serve as an example to your co-workers who may be having trouble adapting, and can help lead your team forward. Strategy consultant, Dorie Clark, explains it to us this way. "I'd say that adaptability is an important skill in the workplace because frankly, circumstances change. Competitors introduce new products, economy might enter a recession, customer preferences differ over time, and more. If you shake your fist at the sky and say why can't it stay the same, that's not going to do very much good. Instead, you need to recognise when circumstances have changed, so you can take appropriate action based on what is, rather than how you wish the world would be. That enables you to make more accurate, informed and effective choices."
为什么说适应能力是在职场中需要培养的一项重要技能？简单来说，适应能力是雇主日益重视的一项技能。当你花时间学习一项新任务，而不是抗拒它时，你的工作效率就会提高。你还可以为那些在适应方面可能遇到困难的同事树立榜样，并帮助带领团队向前发展。战略顾问多莉·克拉克这样向我们解释：“我认为，适应能力之所以是职场中的一项重要技能，是因为坦率地说，环境会发生变化。竞争对手会推出新产品，经济可能会陷入衰退，客户偏好会随着时间而改变，等等。如果你对着天空挥拳，问为什么不能一成不变，那不会带来什么实际帮助。相反，你需要认识到环境已经发生变化，从而根据现实情况，而不是根据你希望世界呈现的样子，采取适当行动。这样一来，你就能作出更准确、更有依据且更有效的选择。”
Also, the workplace itself has been evolving. Today's work culture and management style is often based on teamwork, rather than a rigid hierarchy. Brainstorming, which requires creativity, flexibility, and emotional intelligence, is a typical problem-solving technique. Employees who are unable or unwilling to participate will not easily move forward in the company. Employees who are flexible demonstrate other skills too. They can reprioritize quickly when changes occur and suggest additional modifications when something is not working. They can also regroup quickly when a setback occurs, adapting to the new situation confidently and without overreacting.
此外，职场本身也一直在不断发展变化。如今的职场文化和管理方式通常以团队合作为基础，而不是建立在僵化的等级制度之上。头脑风暴要求具备创造力、灵活性和情商，是一种典型的问题解决方法。无法或不愿参与的员工，很难在公司中顺利发展。灵活变通的员工还展现出其他技能。他们能够在发生变化时迅速调整优先事项，并在某件事不起作用时提出进一步的修改建议。当遭遇挫折时，他们也能迅速重新组织起来，自信地适应新情况，而不会反应过度。
Why does the speaker say adaptability is an important skill to exercise in the workplace?
为什么说话者认为适应能力是在职场中需要锻炼的一项重要技能?
- A) 这是成员用来缓解团队紧张气氛的能力。
- B) 这是雇主日益寻求的能力。
- C) 这有助于度过经济衰退。
- D) 这是学习新任务所必需的。
Simply put 引出总论断。开篇自问 Why 之后紧跟 Simply put, adaptability is a skill employers are increasingly looking for，Simply put 是抛出核心结论的信号词，这句就是对 Why 的直接回答。
- employers are increasingly looking foremployers are increasingly seeking afterlooking for 同义于 seeking after
- A)未提及alleviate tension in a team 在录音里根本没出现，适应力被说成雇主看重的技能而非用来化解团队紧张的工具，属凭空捏造。
- C)原词陷阱录音后文确念了 economy might enter a recession，但那是举例说明环境会变，并非说适应力有助于度过衰退；C 盗用 recession 制造听到就想选的诱惑，答非所问。
借用原文：economy might enter a recession
- D)原词陷阱录音里 learning a new task 是说学新任务时生产力会上升，并非说适应力对学新任务必不可少；D 把这个原词搬来当重要性的理由，错位。
借用原文：When you spend time learning a new task rather than resisting it, your productivity goes up.
What does adaptability enable us to do according to strategy consultant Dorie Clark?
根据战略顾问Dorie Clark的说法,适应能力使我们能够做什么?
- A) 做出更好的选择。
- B) 追随创新理念。
- C) 及时获得认可。
- D) 积累工作经验。
enables you to 的因果落点。Dorie Clark 一番话的收尾句 That enables you to make more accurate, informed and effective choices，enables you to 正是题干 enable us to do 的对应信号，结论就在这句。
- make more accurate, informed and effective choicesMake better choices.三个褒义形容词概括为 better
- B)未提及Follow innovative ideas. 在 Dorie Clark 的话里没有依据，她讲的是认清变化、做出选择，未提跟随创新想法。
- C)未提及Achieve recognition duly. 谈获得认可，录音从未涉及，是凭空添加的职场正能量诱饵。
- D)答非所问录音说环境会变、要据实采取行动，并未提积累经验；Accumulate work experience. 借职场话题诱你联想，但答案句讲的是做选择，并非攒经验。
借用原文：you can take appropriate action based on what is, rather than how you wish the world would be
What do we learn about today's work culture from the passage?
从文中我们对当今的工作文化了解到什么?
- A) 员工表现出更高的情商。
- B) 员工更多使用脑力而非体力。
- C) 人们通常采用弹性工作时间。
- D) 人们经常以团队形式工作。
Today's work culture and management style is often based on teamwork, rather than a rigid hierarchy.
如今的工作文化和管理方式往往建立在团队合作之上，而非僵化的等级制度。
Today's work culture 直接点题。第二段开头 Today's work culture and management style is often based on teamwork 与题干用词几乎一致，是直接点题句，答案就在 based on teamwork。
- based on teamworkPeople often work in teams.名词 teamwork 转为动作 work in teams
- A)原词陷阱录音确念了 emotional intelligence，但那是说头脑风暴需要情商，并非说工作者展现出更多情商；A 把这个原词搬来当工作文化特征，安错了对象。
借用原文：Brainstorming, which requires creativity, flexibility, and emotional intelligence
- B)未提及Workers use brains more than muscles. 这种脑力对体力的对比录音从没说，是凭空臆造的常识性诱饵。
- C)原词陷阱录音多次出现 flexibility、flexible，但讲的是员工要灵活应变，并未说大家弹性工时；People usually work flexible hours. 借 flexible 同根词诱你联想到工时，无据。
借用原文：Employees who are flexible demonstrate other skills too.
What are employees with adaptability able to do when changes occur?
当变化发生时,具有适应能力的员工能够做什么?
- A) 尽快离开团队。
- B) 提前充分预见挫折。
- C) 迅速决定新的优先事项。
- D) 自信地坚持原有目标。
They can reprioritize quickly when changes occur and suggest additional modifications when something is not working.
当变化发生时，他们能迅速重新排定优先级，并在某些做法行不通时提出额外的调整。
when changes occur 条件句应答。They can reprioritize quickly when changes occur 与题干 when changes occur 逐词对应，reprioritize quickly 就是对该情形的直接应答，是答案句。
- reprioritize quicklyDecide on new priorities speedily.reprioritize=decide on new priorities，quickly=speedily
- A)与原文相反录音说有适应力的人遇变化会迅速重排优先级、自信适应，Leave the group as soon as possible. 的尽快离队是逃避态度，与原文取向相反，且 leave the group 录音未提。
- B)原词陷阱录音后句确念了 regroup quickly when a setback occurs，但说的是挫折发生时迅速重整，并非 well in advance 提前预判；Anticipate setbacks well in advance. 盗用 setback 又把时间偷换成事前。
借用原文：They can also regroup quickly when a setback occurs
- D)与原文相反录音说 adapting to the new situation confidently，confidently 是修饰适应新情况；Stick to original goals confidently. 搬走 confidently 却接上坚持原目标，恰与适应力相反。
借用原文：adapting to the new situation confidently and without overreacting
What makes humans different from other species? Some philosophers argue it's morals or ethics, while some scientists assert it's our greater cognitive development. But I argue that the main difference is our desire to combat routine. This makes being creative a biological mandate, as what we seek in art and technology is surprise, not simply a fulfillment of expectations.
是什么使人类区别于其他物种？一些哲学家认为是道德或伦理，而一些科学家断言是我们更高的认知发展水平。但我认为，主要区别在于我们渴望对抗惯常模式。这使创造具有生物学意义上的必然性，因为我们在艺术和技术中寻求的是惊喜，而不只是满足预期。
As a result, a wild imagination has characterized the history of our species. We build intricate habitats, devise complex recipes for our food, wear clothes that reflect constant changes in fashion, communicate with elaborate signs, symbols, and sounds, and travel between habitats on wings and wheels of our own design. To satisfy our appetite for novelty, innovation is key. But who innovates?
因此，狂野的想象力贯穿了我们这个物种的历史。我们建造精巧复杂的栖息地，为食物设计复杂的食谱，穿着体现时尚不断变化的服装，用繁复的标志、符号和声音进行交流，还乘坐由我们自己设计的翅膀和轮子，在不同栖息地之间往来。为了满足我们对新奇事物的渴望，创新至关重要。但谁在创新？
Now, many people, both laymen and experts, believe that only geniuses innovate. But I believe that innovation is not something that only a few people do. The innovative drive lives in every human brain, and the resulting war against the repetitive is what powers the massive changes that distinguish one generation from the next. The drive to create the new is a trait of being human. We build cultures by the hundreds and tell new stories by the millions. We create and surround ourselves with things that have never existed before, while animals do not. But where do our new ideas come from?
如今，许多人，包括普通人和专家，都认为只有天才才能创新。但我认为，创新并不是只有少数人才会做的事情。创新的驱动力存在于每个人的大脑中，而由此产生的反重复之战，正是推动巨大变革的力量，使一代人与下一代人彼此不同。创造新事物的动力是人类特有的特征。我们成百上千地建立文化，以数百万计讲述新的故事。我们创造并置身于此前从未存在过的事物之中，而动物不会这样做。但我们的新思想究竟从何而来？
According to many, new ideas come from seemingly nowhere to great minds. From this perspective, new ideas are almost like magic. They come in a flash of inspiration to a select few. However, the reality is that, across the spectrum of human activities, prior work propels the creative process. We may think of innovation as being the result of inspiration or genius, but it's really the result of developing the ideas of others further. This happens in technology, where one invention enables or inspires further inventions. And it happens in the arts, as writers, composers, and painters use the work of previous artists in their own work. The human brain works from precedent. We take the ideas we've inherited and put them together into some new shape.
许多人认为，新思想会凭空出现在伟大思想家的脑海中。从这个角度看，新思想几乎像是魔法。它们以灵感闪现的方式降临到少数人身上。然而，现实是，在人类活动的各个领域，先前的工作推动着创造过程。我们可能认为创新源于灵感或天才，但实际上，它是进一步发展他人思想的结果。这种情况发生在技术领域：一项发明会促成或启发更多发明。在艺术领域也是如此，作家、作曲家和画家会将前辈艺术家的作品运用到自己的创作中。人类大脑以先例为基础运作。我们吸收继承而来的思想，并将它们重新组合成某种新的形式。
What is a true creator? Is a creator a genius who makes something out of nothing? No. Creators are simply humans who use what they inherit, who absorb the past and manipulate it to create possible futures. Thus, humans are creators as a rule rather than as an exception.
什么是真正的创造者？创造者是那个能从无到有创造出某种事物的天才吗？不是。创造者只不过是运用继承之物、吸收过去并加以改造，从而创造出未来可能性的人类。因此，人类通常都是创造者，而不是只有少数例外者。
What question does the speaker address in this talk?
演讲者在本次讲话中探讨了什么问题?
- A) 人与动物的区别是什么。
- B) 哲学家为什么不同意科学家的观点。
- C) 人类巨大的认知能力源于何处。
- D) 创造力何时成为一种生物学上的必然要求。
What makes humans different from other species? Some philosophers argue it's morals or ethics, while some scientists assert it's our greater cognitive development. But I argue that the main difference is our desire to combat routine.
是什么让人类区别于其他物种？一些哲学家认为是道德或伦理，而一些科学家断言是我们更高级的认知发展。但我认为，主要区别在于我们对抗常规的渴望。
开篇设问 + But I argue 亮主线。第一段以设问 What makes humans different from other species 开场，随后用 But I argue that the main difference is our desire to combat routine 中的转折信号 But 和立场词 I argue 亮出全篇主线——这正是篇章独白"开头点题"的答案信号。
- What makes humans different from other speciesWhat differentiates people from animals同义改写：different from species = differentiates from animals
- B)原词陷阱第一段确实念到 Some philosophers argue it's morals or ethics, while some scientists assert it's our greater cognitive development，选项 Why philosophers disagree with scientists 就盗用了 philosophers 和 scientists 这两个原词；但讲者只是借两派观点引出自己的主张，全篇根本不讨论"他们为何分歧"，属听到原词就想选的陷阱。
借用原文：Some philosophers argue it's morals or ethics, while some scientists assert it's our greater cognitive development
- C)原词陷阱选项 Where humans' great cognitive capacity originates 借用了原文 our greater cognitive development 里的 cognitive；但"认知发展"是讲者复述并随即用 But 推翻的科学家旧观点，讲座既不问它"从哪来"，更没把它当主线，纯属盗词诱选。
借用原文：our greater cognitive development
- D)偷换概念选项 When being creative becomes a biological mandate 搬来了原文 This makes being creative a biological mandate 的整串短语；但讲者是把"创造是生物律令"当作结论陈述，从没问它"何时"发生，选项用 When 偷换成一个录音没讨论的时机问题。
借用原文：This makes being creative a biological mandate
What does the speaker believe about innovation?
演讲者对创新有何看法?
- A) 它是区分相邻两代人的标志。
- B) 它是激发我们对新奇事物渴望的东西。
- C) 它是只有天才才能实现的事情。
- D) 它是每个人都能做到的事情。
Now, many people, both laymen and experts, believe that only geniuses innovate. But I believe that innovation is not something that only a few people do. The innovative drive lives in every human brain.
如今，许多人——无论外行还是专家——都认为只有天才才会创新。但我认为，创新并不是只有少数人才能做的事。创新的驱动力存在于每一个人的大脑中。
But I believe + not… only a few 的立场转折。讲者先用 many people…believe that only geniuses innovate 摆出大众看法，再以 But I believe that innovation is not something that only a few people do 中的 But I believe 强力转折亮出己见——转折后 + I believe 的句子正是观点题的答案信号。
- innovation is not something that only a few people doIt is something every human being can do否定转肯定：not only a few = every human
- The innovative drive lives in every human brainevery human being can doevery human brain = every human being
- A)原词陷阱选项 It is what tells apart two adjacent generations 借用了原文 distinguish one generation from the next 里的 generation；但原文说的是"创新所引发的变化"区分了代际，而非"创新本身就是用来区分两代人的"，选项把因果关系改成了创新的定义，答非所问。
借用原文：distinguish one generation from the next
- B)原词陷阱选项 It is what sharpens our appetite for novelty 拼用了第二段的 our appetite for novelty；但原文是"为满足对新奇的渴望，创新是关键"，是渴望催生创新，选项却反过来说"创新激起对新奇的渴望"，因果颠倒、且并非讲者对创新的核心看法。
借用原文：To satisfy our appetite for novelty, innovation is key
- C)与原文相反选项 It is something only geniuses can achieve 几乎照抄原文 only geniuses innovate；但这恰是讲者用 But I believe 明确推翻的大众看法，是"与原文相反"——把讲者反对的观点当成讲者的观点，正好选反。
借用原文：many people…believe that only geniuses innovate
How does the human brain work according to the speaker?
根据演讲者的说法,人类大脑是如何运作的?
- A) 它为新颖的发明寻找灵感。
- B) 它不断吸收新信息。
- C) 它利用现有想法创造新想法。
- D) 它定期重复先例。
The human brain works from precedent. We take the ideas we've inherited and put them together into some new shape.
人脑依凭先例而运作。我们把继承来的想法拿来，重新组合成某种新的形态。
直陈机制句 works from + take… put… into new shape。讲者用 The human brain works from precedent 直接点出机制，又以 We take the ideas we've inherited and put them together into some new shape 展开"拿旧的拼成新的"——这种正面解释"怎么运作"的句子就是细节题的答案信号。
- take the ideas we've inherited and put them together into some new shapeuses existing ideas to create new ones继承的旧想法拼成新形状 = 用已有想法造新的
- it's really the result of developing the ideas of others furtheruses existing ideas to create new ones在他人想法上further发展 = 用已有想法造新
- A)原词陷阱选项 It seeks inspiration for novel inventions 拼用了原文 inspiration 和 one invention enables or inspires further inventions 里的词；但讲者明说新想法"几乎像魔法般灵感闪现"只是大众误解，他真正主张的是"靠先例"，故"四处寻找灵感"并非讲者的机制描述。
借用原文：They come in a flash of inspiration to a select few
- B)偷换概念选项 constantly absorbs new information 听上去像"大脑怎么运作"的合理答案，且 absorb 一词原文第五段确实念到 absorb the past；但原文说的是"吸收过去/旧的东西"，选项偷换成"不断吸收新信息"，方向正好相反，差在 past 被改成 new information。
借用原文：absorb the past and manipulate it to create possible futures
- D)与原文相反选项 repeats precedent on a regular basis 借走了原文 works from precedent 的 precedent；但讲者说的是"依凭先例去拼出新东西"，强调的是"造新"，选项却说成"只是定期重复先例"，把创造性的"用旧造新"歪曲为机械重复，与原意相反。
借用原文：The human brain works from precedent
Many dog owners would tell you that their dog somehow knows when they're ill or upset, and according to researchers who study dog cognition, those pet owners are right. Dogs do know when their human companions are having a rough time. Not only can your dog sense when you have a cold, but domestic dogs have shown an aptitude for detecting both much smaller mood fluctuations and far more serious physical conditions. This is because dogs are extremely sensitive to changes in the people they're familiar with, and illness causes change. If a person is infected with a virus or bacteria, for example, their odor will be abnormal, and dogs are able to smell that change even if the human can't, because dogs have a much more powerful sense of smell than humans.
许多养狗的人都会告诉你，他们的狗不知怎么就能察觉到自己生病或情绪低落；而根据研究犬类认知的研究人员所说，这些宠物主人是对的。狗确实知道它们的人类伴侣正经历艰难时期。你的狗不仅能察觉你感冒了，家犬还表现出了发现细微情绪波动以及更严重身体状况的能力。这是因为狗对熟悉之人的变化极其敏感，而疾病会引起变化。例如，如果一个人感染了病毒或细菌，他的气味就会异常；即使人类自己察觉不到这种变化，狗也能闻出来，因为狗的嗅觉比人类强大得多。
Researchers have also found that a person's mood, which can be an indicator of a larger illness, triggers a dog's sense of smell. Human emotions manifest physically in chemical signals that are emitted by the body, and dogs are able to smell those as well. Beyond smell, dogs gather information from a person's voice in order to sense changes.
研究人员还发现，一个人的情绪可能是更严重疾病的迹象，并会触发狗的嗅觉。人类的情绪会以身体释放出的化学信号在生理上表现出来，而狗同样能够闻到这些信号。除了嗅觉之外，狗还会从人的声音中获取信息，以察觉变化。
In 2014, researchers discovered that dogs have an area of the brain similar to one in humans that allows them to understand emotional cues in the tone of a speaker's voice, beyond what they'd be able to pick up from familiar words alone. A person's voice can also carry indicators of illness. What's not understood quite so well is what dogs understand about these changes. Humans send out lots of cues, but whether dogs know some of these cues mean illness isn't clear. What we perceive as concern on a dog's part might be more like increased curiosity or suspicion that something is wrong with us, and sticking close by is a great way to gather more information about the situation.
2014年，研究人员发现，狗的大脑中有一个区域与人类大脑中的某个区域相似，使它们能够理解说话者声音语调中的情绪线索，而不仅仅是从熟悉的词语中获取信息。一个人的声音也可能携带疾病的迹象。人们目前还不太清楚狗究竟理解这些变化到了什么程度。人类会发出许多线索，但狗是否知道其中一些线索意味着疾病，还不明确。我们认为狗表现出的关切，可能更像是它们对我们出了问题这一情况产生了更强的好奇或怀疑，而待在我们身边则是获取更多相关信息的好方法。
Some researchers assert dogs will one day help doctors diagnose diseases, as some dogs have already demonstrated the ability to detect an assortment of ailments, including diabetes and certain types of cancer. But those researchers concede that's probably in the distant future. For now, research suggests dog ownership can have an array of benefits in and of itself. Keeping a pet dog has been shown to bolster health and boost mood. Dogs also help people relax, and they can be a particular comfort to those with chronic diseases.
一些研究人员断言，狗有朝一日将帮助医生诊断疾病，因为有些狗已经展现出检测多种疾病的能力，包括糖尿病和某些类型的癌症。但这些研究人员也承认，那可能是遥远未来的事。目前的研究表明，养狗本身就能带来一系列益处。事实证明，饲养宠物狗有助于增进健康、改善情绪。狗还能帮助人放松，对于患有慢性疾病的人来说，它们尤其能带来安慰。
What view of many dog owners win support from researchers studying dog cognition?
研究犬类认知的研究人员支持许多养狗者的哪种观点?
- A) 狗知道它们的主人身体不适。
- B) 狗具有辨别是非的认知能力。
- C) 狗具有发展与人类互动技能的天赋。
- D) 狗知道它们的人类同伴何时无法再忍受它们。
Many dog owners would tell you that their dog somehow knows when they're ill or upset, and according to researchers who study dog cognition, those pet owners are right.
许多狗主人会告诉你，他们的狗不知怎么就能知道他们生病或心烦了；而据研究狗的认知的研究者所言，这些主人是对的。
研究者的认定语 those pet owners are right。答案落在研究者对狗主人看法的直接认定 those pet owners are right 上——"研究者支持哪个看法"的答案，就藏在他们说"对"所指向的那句话里，即狗能知道主人 ill or upset。
- their dog somehow knows when they're ill or upsetDogs know when their owners are not feeling wellill or upset 概括为 not feeling well
- B)未提及telling right from wrong（分辨对错）说的是道德认知，录音通篇讲狗"感知主人健康/情绪"，从未谈狗能分辨是非，属凭常识脑补。
- C)原词陷阱an aptitude for developing skills to interact with humans 借用了录音里真实出现的 an aptitude for detecting 中的 aptitude，但录音说的是"察觉变化的天赋"，不是"与人互动的技能"，是听到 aptitude 就想选的原词陷阱。
借用原文：domestic dogs have shown an aptitude for detecting
- D)未提及know when their human companions can no longer stand them（知道主人受不了它们了）录音从未提及，且与全文"狗体察主人健康"的暖意基调相反，属臆造。
Why can dogs detect their owner's abnormal odor according to the speaker?
根据说话者所述,狗为什么能察觉主人的异常气味?
- A) 它们能轻易探测到病毒的各种病态气味。
- B) 它们能容易地辨别出什么细菌导致气味变化。
- C) 它们对陌生气味特别敏感。
- D) 它们拥有极其强大的嗅觉。
If a person is infected with a virus or bacteria, for example, their odor will be abnormal, and dogs are able to smell that change even if the human can't, because dogs have a much more powerful sense of smell than humans.
比如，如果一个人感染了病毒或细菌，他的气味就会变得异常，而狗能闻出这种变化，即便人闻不到，因为狗的嗅觉比人强大得多。
因果信号 because 引出原因。答案紧跟因果词 because 之后——"狗为什么闻得出"的原因就是 dogs have a much more powerful sense of smell than humans，because 后那句即落点。
- dogs have a much more powerful sense of smell than humansThey have an extremely powerful sense of smellmore powerful than humans 等于 extremely powerful
- A)原词陷阱detect different ill smells of viruses 借了录音 a virus or bacteria 里的 virus，但录音只说狗能闻出气味"变了"，从没说狗能"区分不同病毒的气味"，是把原词夸大的原词陷阱。
借用原文：If a person is infected with a virus or bacteria
- B)原词陷阱tell what bacteria cause odor change 用了录音的 bacteria 和 odor change，但录音说狗"闻得出气味变了"，并非"判断是哪种细菌导致的"，问的方向被偷换。
借用原文：their odor will be abnormal
- C)答非所问particularly sensitive to strange smells（对怪味敏感）看似合理，但 Why 题答案严格落在 because 后的 powerful sense of smell；录音此处归因于"嗅觉强大"而非"对怪味敏感"，C 是和 D 切不开的近义干扰。
借用原文：dogs are extremely sensitive to changes in the people they're familiar with
What does research suggest for now about dog ownership?
目前研究对养狗有何提示?
- A) 它能确保主人较少患慢性疾病。
- B) 它能在身体和心理上使主人受益。
- C) 它能降低主人患癌症或糖尿病的风险。
- D) 它能提醒主人注意其病情的严重性。
For now, research suggests dog ownership can have an array of benefits in and of itself. Keeping a pet dog has been shown to bolster health and boost mood.
就目前而言，研究表明养狗本身就能带来一系列益处。养只宠物狗已被证明能增进健康、提振心情。
时间界标 For now 切出当下结论。末段先说诊病"在遥远未来"，再用 For now 转回当下，答案落在它后面的 bolster health and boost mood——增进健康（身体）+ 提振心情（心理）。
- bolster health and boost moodbenefit owners both physically and mentallyhealth+mood 归纳为 physically+mentally
- A)原词陷阱ensure owners suffer fewer chronic diseases 借了录音的 chronic diseases，但原文说狗能给"患慢病者"以慰藉 a particular comfort to those with chronic diseases，不是说养狗能"减少患慢病"，方向被偷换，且 ensure 也过强。
借用原文：they can be a particular comfort to those with chronic diseases
- C)原词陷阱reduce owners' risk of getting cancer or diabetes 借了录音 diabetes and certain types of cancer，但那是讲狗"诊断"疾病、且明说在 distant future，并非 for now 的结论；题问 for now，C 取错了时间段。
借用原文：detect an assortment of ailments, including diabetes and certain types of cancer
- D)未提及alert owners to the seriousness of their conditions（提醒病情有多严重）录音从未说过；末段讲的是养狗"增进健康、提振心情、给予慰藉"，没有"警示病情严重程度"一说。
Earlier this month, the think-tank called Onward published a report, "A Question of Degree", which argues that degrees in the creative arts are not good value for money. Ministers, according to Onward, should "crack down on courses that offer extremely limited value for money to students ten years after graduation", restricting the ability of such courses to recruit new students, if the average graduate earns below the student loans payment threshold. Courses like science, technology, engineering, and math, and economics, where the average graduate earns a lot, should be favored.
本月早些时候，名为 Onward 的智库发布了一份题为《程度问题》的报告，认为创意艺术类学位的性价比不高。Onward 认为，部长们应当“严厉整治那些在学生毕业十年后仍只能为其提供极低性价比的课程”；如果此类课程的毕业生平均收入低于学生贷款还款门槛，就应限制这些课程招收新生。对于科学、技术、工程、数学以及经济学等专业，由于其毕业生平均收入较高，则应予以优先考虑。
The report provides insight into a government review which looks at how to reform technical education and how to ensure students get good value for money. At first glance, it might even seem like Onward have a point. According to their data, the majority of creative arts students earn less than 25,000 pounds a year, ten years after graduation. The average male creative arts students, indeed, apparently earn much less than they would, had they simply never gone to university. This isn't really good for anyone, and it's certainly no good for graduates, who are forced to endure a lifestyle where they can never save up, never buy a house, never hope to retire.
这份报告为政府正在进行的一项审查提供了参考，该审查旨在研究如何改革技术教育，以及如何确保学生获得良好的性价比。乍看之下，Onward 似乎确实有道理。根据其数据，大多数创意艺术类学生在毕业十年后年收入低于25,000英镑。事实上，据称创意艺术类专业的男性学生平均收入远低于他们如果当初根本没有上大学所能获得的收入。这对任何人来说都不利，对毕业生而言尤其如此，因为他们被迫忍受一种永远无法攒下钱、永远买不起房、永远不敢指望退休的生活方式。
Onward has identified a real problem. Creative arts graduates from top universities—like Oxford, with a high proportion of privately-educated students—have fairly good work prospects. Well, 40 percent of all graduates—regardless of their degree—are on less than 25,000 pounds a year, 5 years after graduation. This suggests that the problem isn't really to do with specific students studying specific degrees, but really with the economy as a whole. Regardless of what they've studied, young people find it hard to get ahead unless they're lucky enough to be born with successful parents.
Onward 确实发现了一个真实存在的问题。顶尖大学的创意艺术类毕业生，例如牛津大学的毕业生，由于其中有很大一部分学生来自私立学校，因此往往拥有相当不错的就业前景。可是，所有毕业生中有40%——无论他们所学的是什么学位——在毕业五年后年收入低于25,000英镑。这表明，问题其实并不在于某些特定学生攻读某些特定学位，而在于整个经济状况。无论年轻人学了什么，除非他们足够幸运，出生在拥有成功事业的家庭，否则都很难取得进展。
If ministers want to make education pay for young people, they need to look beyond the higher education sector, towards the wider world. The rewards that education gives us are not measurable. They are not always instantly obvious, and certainly not always direct. An education makes you a different person from the one you would have been if you hadn't received it. We need to look at the value of education not in the context of a bank balance, but of a life. If we continue to allow ourselves to be distracted with talk of "value for money", we will all be made poorer as a result.
如果部长们希望让教育为年轻人带来回报，就需要把视野放在高等教育领域之外，转向更广阔的社会。教育带给我们的回报是无法衡量的。它们并不总是立刻显现出来，当然也并不总是直接的。接受教育会让你成为一个不同于未接受教育时的自己的人。我们需要从人生的角度，而不是从银行账户余额的角度，来审视教育的价值。如果我们继续让自己被“性价比”之类的说法分散注意力，最终我们所有人的生活都会因此变得更加贫乏。
What does Onward's report propose ministers should do?
Onward的报告建议部长们应该做什么?
- A) 严厉打击科学、技术、工程和数学等课程。
- B) 限制创意艺术课程招收新生的能力。
- C) 研究如何改革技术和职业教育。
- D) 确保创意艺术专业学生获得更高的性价比。
Ministers, according to Onward, should "crack down on courses that offer extremely limited value for money to students ten years after graduation", restricting the ability of such courses to recruit new students, if the average graduate earns below the student loans payment threshold.
据 Onward 称，大臣们应当"严打那些在学生毕业十年后仍只能提供极有限性价比的课程"，即在这类课程毕业生平均收入低于助学贷款偿还门槛时，限制它们招收新生的能力。
建议信号 should，紧跟报告主张。Ministers, according to Onward, should 里的 according to Onward + should 双重标记，明确这是"报告建议大臣做什么"，正是题干所问，后半 restricting the ability of such courses to recruit new students 即具体动作。
- restricting the ability of such courses to recruit new studentsRestrict the ability of creative arts courses to recruit new students.几乎原句保留，such courses 具体化为 creative arts courses
- A)与原文相反选项盗用了原文 crack down on courses 和 science, technology, engineering, and math 两处原词，但原文 crack down 针对的是低回报课程，而理工科恰恰是 should be favored（应受青睐）。把"打压"安到理工科头上，正负方向全反。
借用原文：Courses like science, technology, engineering, and math, and economics, where the average graduate earns a lot, should be favored.
- C)张冠李戴选项盗用了第二段 looks at how to reform technical education 的原词，但那是 a government review（政府评估）的工作内容，并非 Onward 报告"提议大臣做"的事。题干问的是报告 propose 什么，主体被偷换。
借用原文：The report provides insight into a government review which looks at how to reform technical education
- D)偷换概念选项里 24D 式的 value for money 措辞来自 ensure students get good value for money，但那同样是政府评估关注的目标，且报告主张的是"限制招生"这一具体动作，而非"确保创意艺术学生物有所值"。把整体评估目标偷换成报告的提议。
借用原文：how to ensure students get good value for money
What does the speaker think of Onward's arguments?
说话者如何看待Onward的论点?
- A) 看似合理。
- B) 明显有充分根据。
- C) 极其不理性。
- D) 显然过于简单化。
让步信号 At first glance + might seem，暗示"表面有理"。At first glance, it might even seem like Onward have a point. 中 At first glance（乍看）与 might even seem（似乎）连用，是典型的"表面看…"让步语气，说明作者承认其"看似有理"，但保留实质判断——后文随即用数据与反驳推翻它。
- At first glance, it might even seem like Onward have a point.Seemingly reasonable.seem like...have a point ↔ Seemingly reasonable，详述概括化
- B)Clearly well-grounded. 把作者的 seem like（似乎）拔高成 Clearly（明显）、well-grounded（根据充分）。原文有 At first glance\might even seem 的限定，恰恰说明作者认为它经不起推敲，并非"明显有理"。
借用原文：it might even seem like Onward have a point
- C)过度推断Extremely irrational. 把作者温和的"看似有理但有问题"夸张成"极不理性"。原文是 might even seem like...have a point，承认其表面合理，远没到 extremely irrational 的全盘否定，态度强度严重失真。
- D)未提及Apparently simplistic. 的 Apparently 蹭了原文"表面看"的味道，但 simplistic（过于简单化）这一评价原文从未给出——作者的批评是"问题不在具体学位而在整体经济"，是归因偏差，而非"简单化"。
What do we learn about British college graduates five years after graduation?
关于英国大学毕业生毕业五年后的情况,我们了解到什么?
- A) 他们中很大比例没有试图存钱。
- B) 他们中的大多数从未希望买房或退休。
- C) 他们中40%的人年收入低于25,000英镑。
- D) 他们中的大多数拥有薪酬相当不错的工作。
Well, 40 percent of all graduates—regardless of their degree—are on less than 25,000 pounds a year, 5 years after graduation.
要知道，所有毕业生中——无论学的什么专业——有 40% 的人在毕业 5 年后年收入低于 25000 英镑。
精确限定三连：40% + all graduates + 5 years after。40 percent of all graduates—regardless of their degree—are on less than 25,000 pounds a year, 5 years after graduation. 同时给出百分比、人群（all graduates）、时间（5 years），三项限定与题干 five years after graduation 完全对齐，是唯一匹配句。
- 40 percent of all graduatesForty percent of them数字逐字对应，all graduates ↔ them
- less than 25,000 pounds a yearless than ￡25,000 a year金额与范围词原样保留
- A)原词陷阱选项盗用了 never save up 的原词，但原文是"被迫过上永远存不下钱的生活"，说的是"现状被迫如此"，并非 haven't tried to save money（没尝试去存钱）。把"存不下"偷换成"没去尝试存"，且该描述属 P2 的创意艺术生、非本题 5 年后的全体毕业生。
借用原文：never save up, never buy a house, never hope to retire
- B)原词陷阱选项盗用 never buy a house never hope to retire 的原词，但原文是"被迫过上永远买不起房、不敢指望退休的生活"，是被环境所迫的处境，不是 never hope to buy a house or to retire（主观上不想买房退休）。且这同样是 P2 描述创意艺术生的，与题干 5 年后全体毕业生不符。
借用原文：never buy a house, never hope to retire
- D)与原文相反The majority of them have fairly well-paying jobs. 蹭了 P3 fairly good work prospects（顶尖名校创意艺术生前景不错）的原词，但那只针对牛津等顶尖名校的少数人；就全体毕业生而言原文恰恰说 40% 低于 25000，多数收入并不高。把局部的"前景好"放大成整体"多数高薪"，方向相反。
借用原文：Creative arts graduates from top universities—like Oxford...—have fairly good work prospects.
What does the speaker say actually accounts for the problem identified by Onward?
说话者认为什么实际上是Onward所指出问题的原因?
- A) 银行余额的背景。
- B) 英国整体经济。
- C) 学生获得的具体学位。
- D) 英国有缺陷的教育体系。
This suggests that the problem isn't really to do with specific students studying specific degrees, but really with the economy as a whole.
这表明，问题其实并不在于具体学生读了什么具体专业，而真正在于整体经济。
对照信号 isn't...but...，真因在 but 之后。the problem isn't really to do with specific students studying specific degrees, but really with the economy as a whole. 用 isn't...but... 先否掉"具体专业"这个归因，再把真正原因点在 but 之后的 the economy as a whole，正对题干 actually accounts for。
- the economy as a wholeBritain's economy as a whole.economy as a whole 几乎原词，补限定 Britain's
- A)原词陷阱The context of a bank balance. 盗用了 P4 the value of education not in the context of a bank balance 的原词，但原文恰恰说"不要在银行账户的语境里、而要在人生的语境里看教育的价值"，bank balance 是作者要否定的衡量方式，而非问题根源。
借用原文：not in the context of a bank balance, but of a life
- C)原词陷阱The specific degree a student earns. 盗用 specific students studying specific degrees 的原词，且顺着前文"创意艺术学位不值钱"最像答案；但原文 isn't really to do with specific...degrees 已把它明确否定，真因在 but 之后，故它正是要排的"but 前被否定项"。
借用原文：the problem isn't really to do with specific students studying specific degrees
- D)未提及Britain's defective educational system. 听着像总结，但原文从未说"英国教育制度有缺陷"是问题根源；作者归因是 the economy as a whole（整体经济），并在 P4 主张到"高等教育之外的更广世界"去看，并未指控教育系统 defective。
47 句真题句逐层精讲
下列真题句各有独立的句子解析页——中文翻译、结构树逐层拆解、成分与时态、考点讲解与真题高频词。点击句子进入完整解析。
- W: It's probably due to overwork and stress.
主系表结构配合 "due to" 表原因是常见句式，在日常对话和写作中较为典型，但句子过于简短，缺乏真题中常见的修饰成分和从句层级，代表性中等。
- Many people who suffer from stress fail to recognise it.
限制性定语从句修饰主语是四六级和考研阅读中的高频句式，fail to do结构也很常见，句子结构具有较强的代表性和可迁移性，掌握后可大量复用。
- What does the woman think is a common phenomenon among many people?
本句是典型的 "疑问词 + do/does + 主语 + think + 宾语从句" 结构，这种句式在四六级听力和阅读中极为常见，用于询问某人的观点或看法。疑问词前置并在从句中充当成分的现象，也是考试中的高频考点。掌握这种结构后，学生可以迁移到类似的 "What do you think..."、"What does he believe..." 等句型。结构的典型性和复用性都很强。
- What does the man say about the industry he is engaged in?
特殊疑问句加定语从句的组合在四六级和考研阅读、听力中频繁出现，尤其是省略关系代词的定语从句（如 "the book I read"、"the industry he is engaged in"）是高频考点。掌握本句结构后，学生可以迁移到大量类似句式中，具有较高的代表性和复用性。
- It calls for responsible management.
"主语 + 短语动词 + 宾语" 的结构在英语中常见，短语动词（如 call for、look for、depend on）也是考试常考点，具有一定代表性。但本句过于简短、修饰成分缺失，不如带定语从句或状语从句的复杂句那样更具考试典型性。
- The name may not sound familiar to you, but John was once an acclaimed basketball player.
并列句是四六级和考研常见句式，"but" 引出转折的结构非常典型。第一句的情态动词加主系表、第二句的一般过去时主系表都是高频模式，学习后可复用到大量真题句子中。
- I was in the limelight when I was still a high school student and went professional right after high school graduation, which was a mistake.
句子涵盖了主语、并列谓语、表语、时间状语从句、非限制性定语从句等多种成分，适合训练学生识别并列结构、从句类型和成分归属。特别是 "and" 连接并列谓语而非并列分句这一点，以及 "which" 指代整个主句内容的用法，都是学生容易混淆的考点，具有较高的训练价值。
- W: But walking away from millions of dollars at the height of your career, most people wouldn't be able to resist the lure of such a high salary.
句首状语加主谓宾结构是四六级和考研阅读中常见句式，虚拟语气表达假设也是高频考点，本句结构具有较好的代表性和迁移性，掌握后可应用于类似句型。
- It was hard to quit.
形式主语 "It" + 系动词 + 形容词 + 不定式（"It is/was + adj. + to do"）是四六级和考研真题中的高频句式，广泛用于表达某事的性质或难度。掌握此结构后可迁移至大量同类句型（如 "It is important to..."、"It was difficult to..."），实用性强。
- As for money, I turned professional at 18.
本句虽简单，但覆盖了主语、系动词谓语、表语、时间状语四种核心成分，适合初学者练习系表结构和状语识别。但成分种类较少，缺少宾语、定语、复杂状语等更丰富的成分类型，训练收益有限。
- I knew basketball wasn't a career with a lot of longevity for most players, so I wanted to change careers while I was still young.
因果并列句 + 宾语从句 + 状语从句的组合是四六级和考研真题中的高频句式。"so" 连接因果关系、"while" 引导时间背景、及物动词后接宾语从句等都是典型考点，掌握后可迁移到大量类似句子。
- I've spent the last two decades trying to alleviate the problem.
现在完成时 + 现在分词作伴随或方式状语的结构在四六级和考研阅读中经常出现，用于描述持续性动作或经历。spend time doing something 也是高频句型。掌握本句结构后可迁移到大量类似表达，如 I have been working here for years dealing with various issues 等。
- What do we learn from the woman about John Williams 20 years later?
特殊疑问句在听力和阅读理解题干中高频出现，"learn from + 信息源 + about + 主题" 的搭配也是常见表达；但本句结构过于简单，缺少从句等真题常考的复杂句式特征，代表性中等偏上。
- He suffered from poor health.
主谓加介词短语状语的简单句结构在真题中常见，"suffer from" 是典型搭配，具有一定代表性，但整体句式过于基础，复杂度不足。
- What has the man spent the last two decades trying to do?
涵盖主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语四种成分，且宾语补足语 "trying to do" 的识别需要掌握 spend 句型，对巩固复杂宾语结构和动词句型有一定训练价值。疑问句语序也增加了成分定位的练习意义。
- Alleviate the obesity problem.
祈使句在口语和应用文中常见，但在四六级、考研阅读理解的长难句中出现频率较低，作为典型考试句式的代表性一般。
- Whatever genre Atkinson writes in, her books touch on the themes of love and loss and how to carry on.
"Whatever + 从句" 引导的让步状语结构在四六级和考研阅读中较为常见,且本句展示了状语从句前置、主句陈述结论的典型模式,学习者掌握后可迁移到类似的让步或条件状语句式。
- Her books tend to be populated by odd, sometimes sinful, and generally flawed eccentrics who become credible by virtue of being so fully realized.
本句覆盖主谓状结构、系表结构、定语从句、介词短语作状语、并列定语、动名词短语等多种成分,且主句的被动不定式结构和从句的系表加状语结构都是常见易错点。定语从句中 who 既是连接词又充当主语,介词短语中嵌套动名词被动形式,成分丰富且具有一定辨析难度,训练价值较高。
- What did Kate Atkinson's books touch on?
特殊疑问句（疑问词 + 助动词 + 主语 + 实义动词）是四六级和考研阅读、听力中的高频句式。短语动词搭配在真题中也常出现。掌握此结构可直接迁移到大量类似疑问句的理解，典型性较强。
- They are usually ignorant of complex human relations.
主系表结构属于基础句型，常见但过于简单，缺少四六级或考研真题中常考的复杂修饰和从句嵌套特征。
- They often get rewarded instead of being punished.
本句涵盖了主语、谓语（系表结构变体）、两个状语（频率状语 "often" 和对比状语 "instead of being punished"），成分种类相对丰富。特别是 "get + 过去分词" 与被动语态的区分、"instead of + 动名词" 作状语的识别，以及动名词被动式（"being punished"）的结构分析，都是考试中常见的易错点或考点。对于练习成分划分和辨析相似结构，本句具有较好的训练价值。
- They are generally looked down upon in society.
被动语态在四六级和考研阅读中频繁出现，"be + 过去分词" 结构是必考点；短语动词 "look down upon" 也是常见词组；简单句结构虽基础但实用性强，掌握后可迁移到识别复杂句中的被动结构。
- Instead, you need to recognise when circumstances have changed, so you can take appropriate action based on what is, rather than how you wish the world would be.
句子成分丰富且包含多个易错点：主句谓语是 "need to" 结构（易与情态动词混淆）、"when" 引导的宾语从句（易误判为时间状语从句）、"so" 引导的目的状语从句、"based on" 分词短语作后置定语、"what" 和 "how" 引导的宾语从句（融合性关系代词和连接副词的区分）、"wish" 后宾语从句的虚拟语气。这些成分的识别和划分都是常见的训练重点，覆盖面广且具有代表性。
- It is conducive to getting over a recession.
主系表结构加形容词表语是常见句式，"be conducive to" 也是四六级、考研中出现频率较高的固定搭配。掌握此类结构后，可迁移到 "be beneficial to"、"be harmful to" 等类似表达。但因句子过于简短、无从句或复杂修饰，作为真题句式的代表性略显单薄。
- Leave the group as soon as possible.
祈使句在考试中偶有出现，但不是高频句式；"as soon as possible" 是常见表达，有一定典型性，但整体结构过于简单，迁移价值一般。
- What makes humans different from other species?
本句虽为简单句，但涵盖了主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语四种核心成分，且宾语补足语由形容词短语构成（different from other species），对初学者而言是一个值得练习的易错点。特殊疑问句的语序也提供了额外的训练价值。成分种类较为丰富，但缺少定语、状语等修饰成分，因此训练价值中等偏上。
- As a result, a wild imagination has characterized the history of our species.
主谓宾结构配现在完成时是考试中常见的句式，句首状语 + 主句的布局也很典型。抽象名词作主语（imagination）、介词短语作后置定语（of our species）都是高频结构，学习后可迁移到大量类似句子。具有较好的代表性。
- The innovative drive lives in every human brain, and the resulting war against the repetitive is what powers the massive changes that distinguish one generation from the next.
并列句 + 名词性从句 + 定语从句的组合,在四六级和考研阅读中高频出现;what 引导表语从句、that 引导限制性定语从句都是必考句式,典型性强,掌握后可大量复用
- We create and surround ourselves with things that have never existed before, while animals do not.
主句内嵌定语从句、主句后跟状语从句的结构是四六级和考研常见句式。并列谓语、定语从句修饰宾语、while 引导对比状语从句均为高频考点，句式代表性强，掌握后可迁移至大量类似句子。
- However, the reality is that, across the spectrum of human activities, prior work propels the creative process.
主系表结构加表语从句是四六级和考研阅读中的常见句式，特别是 the reality/fact/truth is that 这类表达在学术和正式文体中频繁出现。掌握后可大量迁移到类似句型的理解和写作中。
- This happens in technology, where one invention enables or inspires further inventions.
主句加非限制性定语从句的结构在四六级和考研阅读中较为常见,where 引导的定语从句修饰抽象名词也是典型用法,掌握后可迁移到类似句式。
- Thus, humans are creators as a rule rather than as an exception.
涵盖主系表基本句型，包含多个状语（副词、介词短语、对比结构），可训练状语识别与区分，但成分种类相对单一，无宾语、定语从句等复杂结构。
- Many dog owners would tell you that their dog somehow knows when they're ill or upset, and according to researchers who study dog cognition, those pet owners are right.
这种“并列句 + 嵌套从句 + 插入式短语”的结构在学术英语和真题阅读中极其常见，具有很强的代表性。
- Dogs do know when their human companions are having a rough time.
本句的结构非常典型：主句加宾语从句是四六级和考研阅读中的常见句式。助动词 do 用于强调、when 引导宾语从句、现在进行时表示持续状态，这些都是高频语法现象。掌握这一句式后，学习者可以轻松迁移到类似的宾语从句结构和强调句式，实用性强。
- Not only can your dog sense when you have a cold, but domestic dogs have shown an aptitude for detecting both much smaller mood fluctuations and far more serious physical conditions.
‘Not only... but...’ 引导的倒装句是各类英语考试（如四六级、考研）中的高频考点，具有极高的复用和学习价值。
- This is because dogs are extremely sensitive to changes in the people they're familiar with, and illness causes change.
表语从句（尤其是 because 引导的表语从句）、限制性定语从句（关系代词省略）、并列分句都是四六级和考研中的高频句式。本句结构清晰、长度适中，能够代表真题中常见的说明原因类复合句，学习后可大量迁移到类似句型。
- In 2014, researchers discovered that dogs have an area of the brain similar to one in humans that allows them to understand emotional cues in the tone of a speaker's voice, beyond what they'd be able to pick up from familiar words alone.
句子涵盖主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、时间状语、方式状语等多种成分,且宾语从句、定语从句、宾语补足语的识别都有一定难度。特别是 that 在不同位置分别引导宾语从句和定语从句,what 既是引导词又充当从句宾语,allows 后接宾语加不定式补足语,这些都是考试中的常见易错点,训练价值很高。
- Humans send out lots of cues, but whether dogs know some of these cues mean illness isn't clear.
本句涵盖主谓宾、主系表两种基本句型，包含主语从句、宾语从句两种名词性从句，且主语从句充当主语、宾语从句省略引导词 that，成分种类丰富，易错点密集，是优质的成分划分练习句。
- Earlier this month, the think-tank called Onward published a report, "A Question of Degree", which argues that degrees in the creative arts are not good value for money.
非限制性定语从句补充说明前文名词,宾语从句表达观点内容,这两种结构在四六级和考研阅读中极为常见。句子整体呈现"事实陈述+观点补充"的新闻或学术报道典型句式,同位语标注专有名称也是常规手法。掌握此句结构后,可直接迁移到大量类似语境,典型性很强。
- At first glance, it might even seem like Onward have a point.
"It seems/appears/looks like + 从句" 是四六级和考研阅读中的高频句式,用于表达推测或表象判断。情态动词加系动词的组合("might seem")也是常见结构。表语从句的引导和识别是必考知识点。本句结构具有较强的代表性,掌握后可以迁移到大量类似句式。
- According to their data, the majority of creative arts students earn less than 25,000 pounds a year, ten years after graduation.
本句是"介词短语 + 主谓宾 + 时间状语"的标准简单句结构，在学术写作和考试阅读中较为常见，尤其是引用数据或研究结果时。掌握这一句式可以帮助学生识别和理解类似的论证结构，具有较好的迁移性。
- The average male creative arts students, indeed, apparently earn much less than they would, had they simply never gone to university.
比较结构 "less than" 配合虚拟条件句是四六级和考研阅读中的常见句式，尤其是 "had + 主语 + 过去分词" 的倒装虚拟条件句是高频考点。插入状语、省略结构也是真题中反复出现的特征。掌握本句的分析方法可直接迁移到大量同类句型，代表性很强。
- This isn't really good for anyone, and it's certainly no good for graduates, who are forced to endure a lifestyle where they can never save up, never buy a house, never hope to retire.
本句成分丰富且具有典型训练价值：两个并列主句的主系表结构，非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的区分，被动语态的谓语结构，不定式作宾语，三个并列谓语（含承前省略情态动词）。特别是两种定语从句的嵌套使用和并列谓语的省略现象，是学生容易混淆的易错点。
- Regardless of what they've studied, young people find it hard to get ahead unless they're lucky enough to be born with successful parents.
本句的 find it + adj + to do 结构、unless 引导的条件从句、Regardless of 引导的让步状语，以及 what 引导的宾语从句，都是四六级和考研阅读中的高频句式。结构典型，掌握后可广泛迁移。
- An education makes you a different person from the one you would have been if you hadn't received it.
本句结构高度典型:"make sb sth" 的复合宾语结构、"from" 引出对比对象、定语从句修饰先行词、虚拟语气的标准搭配(主句 would have done + 条件从句 had done),都是四六级和考研阅读中的高频句式;掌握后可大量迁移到类似对比论证或虚拟假设的句子中;唯一不太常见的是定语从句中系动词的表语省略,但整体仍属经典句式
- We need to look at the value of education not in the context of a bank balance, but of a life.
涵盖主语、谓语、宾语、方式状语四种成分，且方式状语中包含 "not... but..." 对比结构和省略现象（第二个 "of a life" 省略了 "in the context"），可供练习如何识别对比状语和理解省略。但成分种类不够丰富（无定语从句、无宾语补足语等），坑点密度中等。
- If we continue to allow ourselves to be distracted with talk of "value for money", we will all be made poorer as a result.
本句是典型的条件句结构（If 从句 + 主句），这是四六级和考研中高频出现的句式。被动语态的将来时以及条件从句用一般现在时表将来，都是考试常见考点。句子长度和复杂度也与真题中的长难句接近，具有较强的代表性和迁移价值。
本卷出现的 304 个英语六级真题高频词
下列单词既在本卷录音原文中出现，又是 英语六级 历年真题的高频词（在该考试真题中出现的句子数均不少于 8）。每个词标注本卷 出现次数与该考试真题句频，点击可查看该词的释义、音标、词形与真题例句。
- creativeB1adj. 有创造力的
- stressB1n. 压力
- graduateB1n. 毕业生
- wouldA1aux. （will 的过去式）将要，会
- earnA2v. 赚得，挣得（金钱）
- sufferB1v. 遭受（痛苦、疾病、损失等）
- researcherB2n. 研究人员
- lessA1det. 较少的
- accordC1n. （国家、团体间的）协议
- mannerB1n. 方式
- careerB1n. 职业
- graduationB1n. 毕业
- comedyB1n. 喜剧（作品）
- issueB1n. 问题
- simplyB1adv. 仅仅，只不过
- seekB1v. 寻找
- workplaceB1n. 工作场所
- innovationB2n. 创新;革新(指行为或过程)
- playerA2n. 运动员
- detectB2v. 发现，察觉（难以察觉的事物）
- geniusB2n. 天才
- retireB1v. 退休
- creatorB2n. 创造者
- employeeA2n. 雇员，员工
- actuallyA2adv. 实际上，事实上（用于纠正或补充信息）
- averageA2adj. 平均的
- argueB1v. 争论
- supportA2v. 支持
- economyB1n. 经济
- enableB1v. 使能够
- wrongA2adj. 错误的
- occurB1v. 发生，出现
- complexB2adj. 复杂的，难懂的
- specificB2adj. 具体的
- ensureB2v. 确保
- emotionalB1adj. 情绪的
- adaptB2v. 适应，适合（新环境、新情况）
- novelB1n. 小说
- rewardB1n. 报酬
- characterB1n. 性格
- extremelyB1adv. 极其
- familiarB1adj. 熟悉的
- moodA2n. 心情
- foundationB2n. 基础;根基
- alleviateC1v. 减轻，缓和（痛苦、问题等）
- literatureB2n. 文学
- recogniseB1v. 认出,识别出
- cognitionC1n. 认知
- ministerB2n. 部长
- cueB2n. 提示
- inspirationB2n. 灵感
- benefitB1n. 好处
- effectA2n. 影响
- systemA2n. 系统
- tendB1v. 倾向于，往往会
- speciesB2n. 物种
- baseA2n. 基础
- millionA2num. 一百万
- decadeB1n. 十年
- publishB1v. 出版，发行（书籍、杂志等）
- physicalB1adj. 身体的
- laterA1adv. 以后，later
- cognitiveC1adj. 认知的
- professionalB1adj. 专业的
- financialB2adj. 财政的
- furtherB1adv. 更远地
- increasinglyB2adv. 越来越;日益;不断增加地
- identifyB1v. 识别
- consequenceB2n. 结果
- easilyA2adv. 容易地
- intelligenceB2n. 智力
- managementB1n. 管理
- quicklyA2adv. 快速地
- strategyB2n. 策略
- generallyB1adv. 通常，一般地
- generationB2n. 一代人
- particularlyB2adv. 尤其，特别（强调某事物）
- employerB1n. 雇主
- lossB1n. 丧失
- majorityB2n. 大多数，大部分
- codeB1n. 代码
- powerfulB1adj. 强大的
- balanceB1n. 平衡
- demonstrateB2v. 证明
- certainlyA2adv. 当然
- celebrityB2n. 名人，名流
- assertC1v. 坚称
- habitatB2n. （动植物的）栖息地，生长环境
- obesityB2n. 肥胖（症）
- contextB2n. （事情发生的）背景、环境
- fundingB2n. 资金
- moralB2adj. 道德的
- gatherB1v. 聚集，集合
- proportionB2n. 部分
- competitiveB2adj. 竞争的
- chronicB2adj. （疾病）慢性的，长期的
- regardlessB2adv. 不管
- complainA2v. 抱怨
- technicalB2adj. 技术的
- injuryB1n. （身体）伤害，损伤
- virusB1n. 病毒（引起疾病的微生物）
- fairlyB1adv. 相当
- profitableB2adj. 盈利的，有利可图的
- reformB2v. 改革
- biologicalB2adj. 生物的
- crackB1v. 破裂
- engineeringB1n. 工程学
- indicatorB2n. 指示物;指示信号
- resistB2v. 抵抗
- sensitiveB2adj. 敏感的
- recruitB2v. 招募
- absorbB2v. 吸收（液体、气体等）
- flexibleB2adj. 灵活的
- physicallyB1adv. 身体上
- circumstanceB2n. 情况
- philosopherB2n. 哲学家
- recessionC1n. 经济衰退
- prescribeB2v. 开（药）
- fashionableB1adj. 时髦的
- humorB1n. 幽默
- overworkB2v. 过度工作
- ownershipB2n. 所有权
- setbackB2n. 挫折
- sleepingA1v. 睡觉（sleep 的现在分词）
- pillB1n. 药丸
- bacteriaB2n. 细菌
- companionB2n. 同伴
- indicationB2n. 迹象
- precedentC1n. 先例
- restrictB2v. 限制
- productA2n. 产品
- authorA2n. 作者
- betterA1adj. 更好的（good 的比较级）
- dataB1n. 数据
- riskA2n. 风险
- communityB1n. 社区
- reduceB1v. 减少，降低（数量、大小、程度等）
- viewA2n. 观点，看法
- negativeB1adj. 否定的
- powerA2n. 权力
- processB1n. 过程
- designB1n. 设计
- expertB1n. 专家
- accordingB1prep. 根据
- gainB1v. 获得;赢得
- effectiveB1adj. 有效的，起作用的
- accountA2n. 账户
- concernB1v. 涉及
- customerA2n. 顾客，客户
- typeA2n. 类型
- existA2v. 存在;实际上有
- currentB1adj. 现在的
- reflectB1v. 反映，显示
- dueB1adj. 预期的
- responsibilityB1n. 责任
- engageB2v. 参与;从事
- realizeB1v. 意识到，认识到
- performB1v. 执行
- mediaB1n. 大众传播媒介（报刊、电视、广播、互联网等的总称）
- productivityB2n. 生产率
- realityB1n. 现实
- boostB2v. 提高
- particularB2adj. 特定的
- argumentB1n. 争论
- fashionB1n. 时尚;流行款式
- relyB1v. 依赖;依靠
- athleteB1n. 运动员
- signA1n. 标志
- advanceB1v. 前进
- trackA2n. 小路
- recommendB1v. 推荐
- thusB2adv. 因此，所以
- beingB1n. 存在
- chemicalB1adj. 化学的
- creativityB2n. 创造力
- representB1v. 代表
- desireB2n. 愿望
- educationalB1adj. 教育的
- previousB1adj. 先前的
- styleA2n. 方式
- fullyB1adv. 完全地
- lifestyleB1n. 生活方式
- pursueB2v. 追求
- signalB1n. 信号
- responsibleB1adj. 负责的
- attemptB1v. 试图
- priorityB2n. 优先事项
- traitB2n. 特征
- perspectiveB2n. 观点
- basisB2n. 基础;根据
- indeedB1adv. 确实，的确（强调肯定）
- interactB2v. 相互作用
- loanB1n. 贷款
- capacityB2n. 容量
- improvementB1n. 改进
- adolescentB2n. 青少年
- maleA2adj. 男性的
- originalB1adj. 最初的，原始的
- regularB1adj. 经常的
- sectorB2n. （经济或商业的）部门，行业
- expectationB2n. 期待;预期
- perceiveB2v. 理解，领悟（某事的性质或意义）
- constantlyB1adv. 不断地，持续地
- frequentlyB1adv. 频繁地
- massiveB2adj. 巨大的，大量的
- obviousB1adj. 明显的
- participateB1v. 参加
- wildA2adj. 野生的
- appropriateB2adj. 合适的
- sufficientB2adj. 足够的
- aheadA2adv. 在前面
- limitedB1adj. 有限的
- preferenceB2n. 偏爱
- decreaseB1v. 减少，降低
- increasedA2v. 增加了
- ingredientB1n. （烹饪）食材，原料
- phenomenonB2n. 现象
- proposeB1v. 提议
- salaryB1n. 薪水，工资（通常指按月发放的固定报酬）
- conduciveC1adj. 有助于的
- evolveB2v. 逐渐发展;进化
- domesticB2adj. 国内的
- favorB1n. 帮忙
- sceneA2n. 场景
- additionalB1adj. 额外的
- differB1v. 不同，有区别
- muscleA2n. 肌肉
- paymentB1n. 支付
- quitB1v. 离开（工作、学校等）
- successfullyB1adv. 成功地
- techniqueB1n. 技术
- unableA2adj. 不能的
- distinguishB2v. 区分
- routineB1n. 常规
- selectB1v. 选择，挑选
- apartB1adv. 分开地
- priorB2adj. 先前的，之前的
- accurateB2adj. 准确的
- anticipateB2v. 预料，预期（某事将发生）
- inspireB2v. 激励
- triggerB2v. 引发
- economicsB2n. 经济学
- insightB2n. 洞察力
- prospectB2n. 可能性
- typicalB1adj. 典型的
- apparentlyB2adv. 显然，看来（根据外表或所见所闻判断）
- sophisticatedC1adj. 复杂精密的
- curiosityB2n. 好奇心
- toneB1n. 语气，口气
- alertB2adj. 警觉的
- constantB2adj. 持续不断的
- existingB1adj. 现有的
- imaginationB1n. 想象力
- surroundB1v. 围绕
- appearanceB1n. 外貌
- bolsterC1v. 支持
- combatB2n. 战斗
- competitorB1n. 竞争者
- innovativeB2adj. 创新的
- promisingB2adj. 有希望的
- spectrumC1n. 范围
- symptomB2n. 症状
- characterizeC1v. 是…的特征
- deedB2n. 行为
- epidemicC1n. 流行病
- seeminglyB2adv. 看似，似乎（表面上看起来是这样，但实际可能并非如此）
- virtueB2n. 美德
- awardB1n. 奖
- concedeC1v. 承认（某事属实、正确）
- oddB1adj. 奇怪的
- arrayB2n. 数组
- comfortB1n. 舒适
- disagreeA2v. 不同意
- endureB2v. 忍受
- imitateB2v. 模仿;仿效(行为、声音、方式等)
- okayA2adj. 可以的
- distantB1adj. 遥远的，远处的
- innovateC1v. 创新
- instantlyB1adv. 立即，马上
- intricateC1adj. 错综复杂的
- longevityC1n. 长寿
- medicationB2n. 药物;药品
- originateC1v. 起源于
- secondaryB2adj. 次要的
- symbolB2n. 象征
- circulationB2n. 循环
- deviseB2v. 设计
- mentallyB2adv. 精神上
- readilyB2adv. 乐意地
- upsetB1adj. 难过的
- verbalB2adj. 口头的
- assortmentB2n. 各种各样的东西
- diagnoseB2v. 诊断（疾病）
- elaborateC1adj. 复杂精细的
- exceptionB2n. 例外
- flexibilityB2n. 灵活性
- poorlyB1adv. 糟糕地
- recipeA2n. 烹饪食谱
- glanceB2v. 瞥
- informedB2adj. 了解情况的
- laymanC1n. 外行
- modificationB2n. 修改
- roughB1adj. 粗糙的
- witC1n. 机智
全卷录音原文 801 词按 CEFR 难度累积覆盖
全卷录音原文去重后共 801 个单词，按欧框 CEFR 等级统计。每根柱表示「该等级及以下」的累积占比（CDF），最右一柱为 100%。B2 以上（C1/C2）为高阶词，本卷共 45 个 · 约 6%。
- 去重总词数
- 801
- B2 以上难词
- 6%
- B1 及以下覆盖
- 73%
常见问题
围绕本套听力的答案、录音来源与体裁、词汇难度与逐题选项依据，逐条给出可核对的答案。
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力的答案分别是什么？
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力全卷共 25 题，标准答案依次为：1 B · 2 C · 3 A · 4 D · 5 A · 6 C · 7 D · 8 B · 9 D · 10 A · 11 C · 12 B · 13 A · 14 D · 15 C · 16 A · 17 D · 18 C · 19 A · 20 D · 21 B · 22 B · 23 A · 24 C · 25 B。答案字母分布为 A 7 · B 6 · C 6 · D 6。
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力的录音原文分哪几篇？各考多少题？
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力按卷面顺序分为：Section A 长对话（2 篇）1–8 题；Section B 听力篇章（2 篇）9–15 题；Section C 讲座/讲话（3 篇）16–25 题。体裁构成为 长对话 2 · 听力篇章 2 · 讲座/讲话 3，全卷连续编号、录音只播一遍。
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力的词汇难度如何？
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力全卷录音原文去重后共 801 个单词，按 CEFR 难度累积覆盖：A1 及以下约 30%、A2 及以下约 54%、B1 及以下约 73%、B2 及以下约 94%，B2 以上（C1/C2）难词共 45 个、约占 6%。
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力出现了哪些英语六级高频词？
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力的录音原文出现 304 个英语六级真题高频词（这些词在历年英语六级真题中出现的句子数均不少于 8 句）。按出现次数排在前的有：creative（本卷 9 次，adj. 有创造力的）、stress（本卷 8 次，n. 压力）、graduate（本卷 8 次，n. 毕业生 ）、would（本卷 7 次，aux. （will 的过去式）将要，会）、earn（本卷 7 次，v. 赚得，挣得（金钱））、suffer（本卷 7 次，v. 遭受（痛苦、疾病、损失等））、researcher（本卷 6 次，n. 研究人员）、less（本卷 6 次，det. 较少的）。
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 1 题：What do we learn about the man from his test results? 答案是什么？为什么选 B？
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 1 题是细节题，正确答案 B）There is nothing wrong with his digestive system。答案句出自录音「The blood test came back clear. There is no indication of any digestive issues」（血液化验结果是清白的（没问题）。没有任何消化系统问题的迹象），靠医生宣布结果的直接陈述句定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（no indication of any digestive issues ↔ nothing wrong with his digestive system）。其余选项：C 项属原词陷阱（录音查的是 blood test 与 digestive issues，an issue with his blood circulation 借用了“血液 blood”的耳熟感，却把对象偷换成 blood circulation（血液循环），录音从未说循环有问题，且结果是 clear（清白），与“有问题”正好相反）；A 项属过度推断（录音只说某项检查没问题，It is clear that he is expected to enjoy a healthy life 却推到“可望享有健康人生”——录音里他正feel poorly、被诊断有压力，谈不上健康一生，是无中生有的拔高）；D 项属答非所问（He doesn't know he has long been suffering from poor health 套用了后文“压力潜伏二十年而不自知”的影子，但本题问的是 test results（化验结果），结果恰恰是“清白”，并未说明他长期体弱，错位安插），均可排除。
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 2 题：What does the woman think is a common phenomenon among many people? 答案是什么？为什么选 C？
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 2 题是细节题，正确答案 C）Being unaware of the stress they are under。答案句出自录音「What you have just described is a common sentiment. Many people who suffer from stress fail to recognise it」（你刚才描述的是一种很常见的心态。许多承受压力的人都意识不到自己有压力），靠含 common / Many people 的概括句定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（Many people who suffer from stress fail to recognise it ↔ Being unaware of the stress they are under）。其余选项：D 项属偷换概念（Suffering from illness without recognising it 与答案句框架一致（都是“X 而不自知”），但 X 被换成 illness；录音说的是 suffer from stress fail to recognise it——没认出的是压力不是疾病，差的正是那个核心变量）；A 项属与原文相反（Mistaking symptoms of illness for stress 是“把病当成压力”，而录音是“有压力却没认出（把压力当别的）”，方向恰好反过来；男方原话是 I've never felt stress，是不承认压力，不是错把病当压力）；B 项属原词陷阱（Complaining they are being overworked 蹭了录音 overwork and stress 的 overwork，但女方说的是很多人“没意识到压力”，恰恰不是“抱怨过劳”；男方甚至说 other people complain，他自己不抱怨，与“很多人抱怨”相反），均可排除。
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 3 题：What does the woman say she will do for the man? 答案是什么？为什么选 A？
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 3 题是细节题，正确答案 A）Prescribe some medication for him。答案句出自录音「I'm going to prescribe some special sleeping pills for you」（我要给你开一些特制的安眠药），靠I'm going to + 动词的将来表态句定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（prescribe some special sleeping pills ↔ Prescribe some medication for him）。其余选项：D 项属原词陷阱（Buy some sleeping pills for him from the drugstore 盗用了原句的 sleeping pills，却把动作从“医生开处方 prescribe”改成“去药店买 buy from the drugstore”；录音里医生是开方，不是替他去药店买药）；C 项属答非所问（Explain to him the common consequence of stress 蹭了录音 Those are common consequences of stress，但那是医生在解释失眠成因，不是回答“她将为他做什么”这一动作；本题要的是她接下来要做的事，是开药）；B 项属未提及（Give him another physical check-up 录音从未提及再做体检——医生是看着已有的 test results 直接开药，并约一个月后复诊，没有安排再次体检），均可排除。
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 4 题：What does the man say about the industry he is engaged in? 答案是什么？为什么选 D？
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 4 题是细节题，正确答案 D）It is full of competition。答案句出自录音「I'm a restaurant manager and this industry is very competitive」（我是个餐厅经理，这个行业竞争非常激烈），靠this industry is very + 形容词的直接评价句定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（this industry is very competitive ↔ It is full of competition）。其余选项：A 项属原词陷阱（It calls for responsible management 蹭了男方自报身份 I'm a restaurant manager 里的 manager/management，但他评价行业用的词是 competitive，从没说这行“需要负责任的管理”，是借身份词造的干扰）；B 项属未提及（It proves to be quite profitable 谈盈利，但男方对行业的描述只有“竞争激烈”和“事务繁多”，从未提到赚钱与否，是无中生有）；C 项属未提及（It is remarkably promising 说行业前景可观，但录音里男方谈的是竞争和繁忙、并被建议放慢节奏，全无“前景大好”之意，属凭空添加的正面评价），均可排除。
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 5 题：Why did John Williams leave the sport of basketball at just 25? 答案是什么？为什么选 A？
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 5 题是细节题，正确答案 A）To avoid being in the limelight。答案句出自录音「I loved being an athlete, but I didn't love being a celebrity. I was in the limelight when I was still a high school student and went professional right after high school graduation, which was a mistake. I was a shy kid and I wasn't ready for all the media attention」（我热爱当运动员，但我不喜欢当名人。我还在念高中时就处在聚光灯下，高中一毕业就转入职业，这是个错误。我是个害羞的孩子，还没准备好应对这一切媒体关注），靠被问者应答 + 转折 but 见真意定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（I didn\'t love being a celebrity ↔ To avoid being in the limelight.）。其余选项：B 项属原词陷阱（B 借用了原文里 injury 一词，但那是主持人提出的传闻 you were having issues with your teammates or even an injury，被问者随即以 Not at all 明确否认，故因伤就医并非退役原因）；C 项属过度推断（他确实想趁年轻转行，但原文动机是 basketball wasn\'t a career with a lot of longevity（这行干不长），并非为追求「竞争更小」的职业，C 是无中生有地编了个理由）；D 项属原词陷阱（D 借用原文 teammates 一词，但 issues with your teammates 同样只是主持人的猜测，被 Not at all 一并否认，与队友不和并非退役原因），均可排除。
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 6 题：What does the man say about basketball as a career for most players? 答案是什么？为什么选 C？
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 6 题是态度观点题，正确答案 C）It does not last long。答案句出自录音「I knew basketball wasn't a career with a lot of longevity for most players, so I wanted to change careers while I was still young」（我知道对大多数球员来说，篮球不是个能干很久的职业，所以我想趁年轻就转行），靠被问者亲口下的定性句定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（wasn\'t a career with a lot of longevity ↔ It does not last long.）。其余选项：A 项属未提及（原文只说这行干不长，从未提到 ups and downs（有起有落），A 是凭印象编出的评价，属无中生有）；B 项属答非所问（他确实说热爱篮球、留恋球队，但这是个人情感，并非说篮球作为职业 proves rewarding（有回报）；B 借了正面语气却与「问职业属性」答非所问）；D 项属与原文相反（D 借用了这段反复出现的 money 话题，但原文是 I\'d actually earned a lot and saved most of it，说明他挺赚钱，与 not so profitable（不赚钱）正好相反），均可排除。
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 7 题：What do we learn from the woman about John Williams 20 years later? 答案是什么？为什么选 D？
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 7 题是细节题，正确答案 D）He was back in the news。答案句出自录音「Okay, that was 20 years ago, and you're back in the news. You've created a foundation that works to get more kids playing team sports」（好，那是二十年前的事了，如今你重回新闻视野。你创立了一个基金会，致力于让更多孩子参与团队运动），靠女士口中 20 years 时间锚句定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（you\'re back in the news ↔ He was back in the news.）。其余选项：A 项属原词陷阱（A 借用了原文 I had great financial advisers 里的 financial，但那说的是他当年请了理财顾问，而非他本人 20 年后成了理财顾问，时间与身份都被错置）；B 项属张冠李戴（原文谈 health 是指他后来研究 public health、关注 obesity，并非他自己 suffered from poor health；把「研究健康问题」误读成「他健康不佳」，属把内容安错对象）；C 项属原词陷阱（C 借用反复出现的 basketball，但原文 20 年后他做的是创立基金会推动孩子运动，从未说他 became a basketball coach，教练身份系无中生有），均可排除。
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 8 题：What has the man spent the last two decades trying to do? 答案是什么？为什么选 B？
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 8 题是细节题，正确答案 B）Alleviate the obesity problem。答案句出自录音「I studied public health and learned about the seriousness of the obesity epidemic, particularly among kids and adolescents in poor communities. I've spent the last two decades trying to alleviate the problem」（我研究了公共健康，了解到肥胖流行问题的严重性，尤其是在贫困社区的儿童和青少年中。过去二十年我一直在努力缓解这个问题），靠spent...trying 与题干同款行动句定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（trying to alleviate the problem ↔ Alleviate the obesity problem.）。其余选项：A 项属原词陷阱（A 借用原文 I studied public health，但研究公共健康是他在大学里的学习，是认识问题的前提，而非他二十年来「致力做」的那件事；真正的长期目标是缓解肥胖）；C 项属原词陷阱（C 借用原文 also have some public funding 里的 public funding，但那只是基金会的资金来源之一，原文并未说他二十年来一直在筹集足够的公共资金，属错置内容）；D 项属偷换概念（D 借用篮球相关词，原文确有 basketball teams 与让孩子打球，但那是缓解肥胖的手段，且对象是普通中小学生而非培养 young basketball players，目的被偷换），均可排除。
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 9 题：When did Kate Atkinson begin to write for women's magazines? 答案是什么？为什么选 D？
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 9 题是细节题，正确答案 D）After winning the 1986 Woman's Own Short Story Competition。答案句出自录音「She began writing for women's magazines after winning the 1986 Woman's Own Short Story Competition」（她在赢得 1986 年《Woman's Own》短篇小说大赛之后,开始为女性杂志写作），靠after 时间标志词直接锁定时点定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（after winning the 1986 Woman's Own Short Story Competition ↔ After winning the 1986 Woman's Own Short Story Competition.）。其余选项：A 项属原词陷阱（When she started teaching at Edinburgh University in Scotland. 盗用了原文 she taught at the university she graduated from 这一真实事件来诱选,但任教在前(1981 写短篇之前),并非"为女性杂志写作"的时点;且原文是"母校"而非 Edinburgh University,地点也被偷改）；B 项属原词陷阱（While she was doing her doctoral studies on American Literature. 借原文 she researched a doctorate on American Literature 设套,读博发生在 1974 年毕业后、远早于 1986 年,并非为女性杂志写作的时间）；C 项属原词陷阱（After publishing her first novel Behind the Scenes at the Museum. 借原文 Her first novel, Behind the Scenes at the Museum, won the 1995 UK Book of the Year award 设套;出版在 1995 年、晚于为女性杂志写作的 1986 年,时序正好反了），均可排除。
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 10 题：What did Kate Atkinson's books touch on? 答案是什么？为什么选 A？
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 10 题是细节题，正确答案 A）The themes of love and loss。答案句出自录音「Whatever genre Atkinson writes in, her books touch on the themes of love and loss and how to carry on」（无论写什么体裁,阿特金森的书都触及爱与失、以及如何继续生活下去这些主题），靠题干同词 touch on 领起主题,直给答案定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（the themes of love and loss ↔ The themes of love and loss.）。其余选项：B 项属答非所问（The code of human behaviour. 取自原文后文 the complex and sophisticated code of behaviour,但那是在解释"风尚喜剧"这一文类的定义,不是回答"her books touch on 什么主题"的内容,答非所问）；C 项属答非所问（The sins and flaws of eccentrics. 拼自原文 sometimes sinful, and generally flawed eccentrics,但那句讲的是书里"住着哪类人物形象",而题目问的是 touch on 的"主题",混淆了"登场人物"与"核心主题"）；D 项属答非所问（The manners of fashionable circles. 取自原文 code of behaviour current in fashionable circles of society 与 comedies of manners,这些是解释"风尚喜剧"文类标签的措辞,而非她书的 touch on 主题），均可排除。
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 11 题：What do we learn about the clever and deceitful characters in a comedy of manners? 答案是什么？为什么选 C？
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 11 题是细节题，正确答案 C）They often get rewarded instead of being punished。答案句出自录音「A comedy of manners tends to reward its clever and deceitful characters, rather than punish their bad deeds」（风尚喜剧往往奖赏它那些聪明而狡诈的角色,而不是惩罚他们的恶行），靠reward…rather than punish 的对比定向句定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（reward its clever and deceitful characters, rather than punish their bad deeds ↔ They often get rewarded instead of being punished.）。其余选项：A 项属原词陷阱（They are usually ignorant of complex human relations. 把原文 the complex and sophisticated code of behaviour 里的 complex 一词揪出来拼成"对复杂人际无知",但原文从未说这些角色"无知",纯属据片词臆造）；B 项属未提及（They successfully imitate the manners of celebrities. 借原文 manners 一词造势,但原文只字未提这些角色"成功模仿名人",imitate/celebrities 都无出处,属凭空添加）；D 项属与原文相反（They are generally looked down upon in society. 取了"受罚/负面"的方向,正好与原文 reward…rather than punish 的"受赏不受罚"相反——原文明说是被奖赏,本项却说被社会看轻,极性反了），均可排除。
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 12 题：Why does the speaker say adaptability is an important skill to exercise in the workplace? 答案是什么？为什么选 B？
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 12 题是细节题，正确答案 B）It is what employers are increasingly seeking after。答案句出自录音「Simply put, adaptability is a skill employers are increasingly looking for」（简单说，适应力是一种雇主越来越看重的技能），靠Simply put 引出总论断定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（employers are increasingly looking for ↔ employers are increasingly seeking after）。其余选项：A 项属未提及（alleviate tension in a team 在录音里根本没出现，适应力被说成雇主看重的技能而非用来化解团队紧张的工具，属凭空捏造）；C 项属原词陷阱（录音后文确念了 economy might enter a recession，但那是举例说明环境会变，并非说适应力有助于度过衰退；C 盗用 recession 制造听到就想选的诱惑，答非所问）；D 项属原词陷阱（录音里 learning a new task 是说学新任务时生产力会上升，并非说适应力对学新任务必不可少；D 把这个原词搬来当重要性的理由，错位），均可排除。
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 13 题：What does adaptability enable us to do according to strategy consultant Dorie Clark? 答案是什么？为什么选 A？
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 13 题是细节题，正确答案 A）Make better choices。答案句出自录音「That enables you to make more accurate, informed and effective choices」（这使你能够做出更准确、更明智、更有效的选择），靠enables you to 的因果落点定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（make more accurate, informed and effective choices ↔ Make better choices.）。其余选项：B 项属未提及（Follow innovative ideas. 在 Dorie Clark 的话里没有依据，她讲的是认清变化、做出选择，未提跟随创新想法）；C 项属未提及（Achieve recognition duly. 谈获得认可，录音从未涉及，是凭空添加的职场正能量诱饵）；D 项属答非所问（录音说环境会变、要据实采取行动，并未提积累经验；Accumulate work experience. 借职场话题诱你联想，但答案句讲的是做选择，并非攒经验），均可排除。
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 14 题：What do we learn about today's work culture from the passage? 答案是什么？为什么选 D？
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 14 题是细节题，正确答案 D）People often work in teams。答案句出自录音「Today's work culture and management style is often based on teamwork, rather than a rigid hierarchy」（如今的工作文化和管理方式往往建立在团队合作之上，而非僵化的等级制度），靠Today's work culture 直接点题定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（based on teamwork ↔ People often work in teams.）。其余选项：A 项属原词陷阱（录音确念了 emotional intelligence，但那是说头脑风暴需要情商，并非说工作者展现出更多情商；A 把这个原词搬来当工作文化特征，安错了对象）；B 项属未提及（Workers use brains more than muscles. 这种脑力对体力的对比录音从没说，是凭空臆造的常识性诱饵）；C 项属原词陷阱（录音多次出现 flexibility、flexible，但讲的是员工要灵活应变，并未说大家弹性工时；People usually work flexible hours. 借 flexible 同根词诱你联想到工时，无据），均可排除。
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 15 题：What are employees with adaptability able to do when changes occur? 答案是什么？为什么选 C？
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 15 题是细节题，正确答案 C）Decide on new priorities speedily。答案句出自录音「They can reprioritize quickly when changes occur and suggest additional modifications when something is not working」（当变化发生时，他们能迅速重新排定优先级，并在某些做法行不通时提出额外的调整），靠when changes occur 条件句应答定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（reprioritize quickly ↔ Decide on new priorities speedily.）。其余选项：A 项属与原文相反（录音说有适应力的人遇变化会迅速重排优先级、自信适应，Leave the group as soon as possible. 的尽快离队是逃避态度，与原文取向相反，且 leave the group 录音未提）；B 项属原词陷阱（录音后句确念了 regroup quickly when a setback occurs，但说的是挫折发生时迅速重整，并非 well in advance 提前预判；Anticipate setbacks well in advance. 盗用 setback 又把时间偷换成事前）；D 项属与原文相反（录音说 adapting to the new situation confidently，confidently 是修饰适应新情况；Stick to original goals confidently. 搬走 confidently 却接上坚持原目标，恰与适应力相反），均可排除。
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 16 题：What question does the speaker address in this talk? 答案是什么？为什么选 A？
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 16 题是主旨题，正确答案 A）What differentiates people from animals。答案句出自录音「What makes humans different from other species? Some philosophers argue it's morals or ethics, while some scientists assert it's our greater cognitive development. But I argue that the main difference is our desire to combat routine」（是什么让人类区别于其他物种？一些哲学家认为是道德或伦理，而一些科学家断言是我们更高级的认知发展。但我认为，主要区别在于我们对抗常规的渴望），靠开篇设问 + But I argue 亮主线定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（What makes humans different from other species ↔ What differentiates people from animals）。其余选项：B 项属原词陷阱（第一段确实念到 Some philosophers argue it's morals or ethics, while some scientists assert it's our greater cognitive development，选项 Why philosophers disagree with scientists 就盗用了 philosophers 和 scientists 这两个原词；但讲者只是借两派观点引出自己的主张，全篇根本不讨论"他们为何分歧"，属听到原词就想选的陷阱）；C 项属原词陷阱（选项 Where humans' great cognitive capacity originates 借用了原文 our greater cognitive development 里的 cognitive；但"认知发展"是讲者复述并随即用 But 推翻的科学家旧观点，讲座既不问它"从哪来"，更没把它当主线，纯属盗词诱选）；D 项属偷换概念（选项 When being creative becomes a biological mandate 搬来了原文 This makes being creative a biological mandate 的整串短语；但讲者是把"创造是生物律令"当作结论陈述，从没问它"何时"发生，选项用 When 偷换成一个录音没讨论的时机问题），均可排除。
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 17 题：What does the speaker believe about innovation? 答案是什么？为什么选 D？
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 17 题是态度观点题，正确答案 D）It is something every human being can do。答案句出自录音「Now, many people, both laymen and experts, believe that only geniuses innovate. But I believe that innovation is not something that only a few people do. The innovative drive lives in every human brain」（如今，许多人——无论外行还是专家——都认为只有天才才会创新。但我认为，创新并不是只有少数人才能做的事。创新的驱动力存在于每一个人的大脑中），靠But I believe + not… only a few 的立场转折定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（innovation is not something that only a few people do ↔ It is something every human being can do；The innovative drive lives in every human brain ↔ every human being can do）。其余选项：A 项属原词陷阱（选项 It is what tells apart two adjacent generations 借用了原文 distinguish one generation from the next 里的 generation；但原文说的是"创新所引发的变化"区分了代际，而非"创新本身就是用来区分两代人的"，选项把因果关系改成了创新的定义，答非所问）；B 项属原词陷阱（选项 It is what sharpens our appetite for novelty 拼用了第二段的 our appetite for novelty；但原文是"为满足对新奇的渴望，创新是关键"，是渴望催生创新，选项却反过来说"创新激起对新奇的渴望"，因果颠倒、且并非讲者对创新的核心看法）；C 项属与原文相反（选项 It is something only geniuses can achieve 几乎照抄原文 only geniuses innovate；但这恰是讲者用 But I believe 明确推翻的大众看法，是"与原文相反"——把讲者反对的观点当成讲者的观点，正好选反），均可排除。
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 18 题：How does the human brain work according to the speaker? 答案是什么？为什么选 C？
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 18 题是细节题，正确答案 C）It uses existing ideas to create new ones。答案句出自录音「The human brain works from precedent. We take the ideas we've inherited and put them together into some new shape」（人脑依凭先例而运作。我们把继承来的想法拿来，重新组合成某种新的形态），靠直陈机制句 works from + take… put… into new shape定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（take the ideas we've inherited and put them together into some new shape ↔ uses existing ideas to create new ones；it's really the result of developing the ideas of others further ↔ uses existing ideas to create new ones）。其余选项：A 项属原词陷阱（选项 It seeks inspiration for novel inventions 拼用了原文 inspiration 和 one invention enables or inspires further inventions 里的词；但讲者明说新想法"几乎像魔法般灵感闪现"只是大众误解，他真正主张的是"靠先例"，故"四处寻找灵感"并非讲者的机制描述）；B 项属偷换概念（选项 constantly absorbs new information 听上去像"大脑怎么运作"的合理答案，且 absorb 一词原文第五段确实念到 absorb the past；但原文说的是"吸收过去/旧的东西"，选项偷换成"不断吸收新信息"，方向正好相反，差在 past 被改成 new information）；D 项属与原文相反（选项 repeats precedent on a regular basis 借走了原文 works from precedent 的 precedent；但讲者说的是"依凭先例去拼出新东西"，强调的是"造新"，选项却说成"只是定期重复先例"，把创造性的"用旧造新"歪曲为机械重复，与原意相反），均可排除。
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 19 题：What view of many dog owners win support from researchers studying dog cognition? 答案是什么？为什么选 A？
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 19 题是细节题，正确答案 A）Dogs know when their owners are not feeling well。答案句出自录音「Many dog owners would tell you that their dog somehow knows when they're ill or upset, and according to researchers who study dog cognition, those pet owners are right」（许多狗主人会告诉你，他们的狗不知怎么就能知道他们生病或心烦了；而据研究狗的认知的研究者所言，这些主人是对的），靠研究者的认定语 those pet owners are right定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（their dog somehow knows when they're ill or upset ↔ Dogs know when their owners are not feeling well）。其余选项：B 项属未提及（telling right from wrong（分辨对错）说的是道德认知，录音通篇讲狗"感知主人健康/情绪"，从未谈狗能分辨是非，属凭常识脑补）；C 项属原词陷阱（an aptitude for developing skills to interact with humans 借用了录音里真实出现的 an aptitude for detecting 中的 aptitude，但录音说的是"察觉变化的天赋"，不是"与人互动的技能"，是听到 aptitude 就想选的原词陷阱）；D 项属未提及（know when their human companions can no longer stand them（知道主人受不了它们了）录音从未提及，且与全文"狗体察主人健康"的暖意基调相反，属臆造），均可排除。
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 20 题：Why can dogs detect their owner's abnormal odor according to the speaker? 答案是什么？为什么选 D？
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 20 题是细节题，正确答案 D）They have an extremely powerful sense of smell。答案句出自录音「If a person is infected with a virus or bacteria, for example, their odor will be abnormal, and dogs are able to smell that change even if the human can't, because dogs have a much more powerful sense of smell than humans」（比如，如果一个人感染了病毒或细菌，他的气味就会变得异常，而狗能闻出这种变化，即便人闻不到，因为狗的嗅觉比人强大得多），靠因果信号 because 引出原因定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（dogs have a much more powerful sense of smell than humans ↔ They have an extremely powerful sense of smell）。其余选项：A 项属原词陷阱（detect different ill smells of viruses 借了录音 a virus or bacteria 里的 virus，但录音只说狗能闻出气味"变了"，从没说狗能"区分不同病毒的气味"，是把原词夸大的原词陷阱）；B 项属原词陷阱（tell what bacteria cause odor change 用了录音的 bacteria 和 odor change，但录音说狗"闻得出气味变了"，并非"判断是哪种细菌导致的"，问的方向被偷换）；C 项属答非所问（particularly sensitive to strange smells（对怪味敏感）看似合理，但 Why 题答案严格落在 because 后的 powerful sense of smell；录音此处归因于"嗅觉强大"而非"对怪味敏感"，C 是和 D 切不开的近义干扰），均可排除。
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 21 题：What does research suggest for now about dog ownership? 答案是什么？为什么选 B？
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 21 题是细节题，正确答案 B）It can benefit owners both physically and mentally。答案句出自录音「For now, research suggests dog ownership can have an array of benefits in and of itself. Keeping a pet dog has been shown to bolster health and boost mood」（就目前而言，研究表明养狗本身就能带来一系列益处。养只宠物狗已被证明能增进健康、提振心情），靠时间界标 For now 切出当下结论定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（bolster health and boost mood ↔ benefit owners both physically and mentally）。其余选项：A 项属原词陷阱（ensure owners suffer fewer chronic diseases 借了录音的 chronic diseases，但原文说狗能给"患慢病者"以慰藉 a particular comfort to those with chronic diseases，不是说养狗能"减少患慢病"，方向被偷换，且 ensure 也过强）；C 项属原词陷阱（reduce owners' risk of getting cancer or diabetes 借了录音 diabetes and certain types of cancer，但那是讲狗"诊断"疾病、且明说在 distant future，并非 for now 的结论；题问 for now，C 取错了时间段）；D 项属未提及（alert owners to the seriousness of their conditions（提醒病情有多严重）录音从未说过；末段讲的是养狗"增进健康、提振心情、给予慰藉"，没有"警示病情严重程度"一说），均可排除。
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 22 题：What does Onward's report propose ministers should do? 答案是什么？为什么选 B？
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 22 题是细节题，正确答案 B）Restrict the ability of creative arts courses to recruit new students。答案句出自录音「Ministers, according to Onward, should "crack down on courses that offer extremely limited value for money to students ten years after graduation", restricting the ability of such courses to recruit new students, if the average graduate earns below the student loans payment threshold」（据 Onward 称，大臣们应当"严打那些在学生毕业十年后仍只能提供极有限性价比的课程"，即在这类课程毕业生平均收入低于助学贷款偿还门槛时，限制它们招收新生的能力），靠建议信号 should，紧跟报告主张定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（restricting the ability of such courses to recruit new students ↔ Restrict the ability of creative arts courses to recruit new students.）。其余选项：A 项属与原文相反（选项盗用了原文 crack down on courses 和 science, technology, engineering, and math 两处原词，但原文 crack down 针对的是低回报课程，而理工科恰恰是 should be favored（应受青睐）。把"打压"安到理工科头上，正负方向全反）；C 项属张冠李戴（选项盗用了第二段 looks at how to reform technical education 的原词，但那是 a government review（政府评估）的工作内容，并非 Onward 报告"提议大臣做"的事。题干问的是报告 propose 什么，主体被偷换）；D 项属偷换概念（选项里 24D 式的 value for money 措辞来自 ensure students get good value for money，但那同样是政府评估关注的目标，且报告主张的是"限制招生"这一具体动作，而非"确保创意艺术学生物有所值"。把整体评估目标偷换成报告的提议），均可排除。
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 23 题：What does the speaker think of Onward's arguments? 答案是什么？为什么选 A？
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 23 题是态度观点题，正确答案 A）Seemingly reasonable。答案句出自录音「At first glance, it might even seem like Onward have a point」（乍一看，Onward 的观点甚至似乎还有几分道理），靠让步信号 At first glance + might seem，暗示"表面有理"定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（At first glance, it might even seem like Onward have a point. ↔ Seemingly reasonable.）。其余选项：B 项（Clearly well-grounded. 把作者的 seem like（似乎）拔高成 Clearly（明显）、well-grounded（根据充分）。原文有 At first glance\might even seem 的限定，恰恰说明作者认为它经不起推敲，并非"明显有理"）；C 项属过度推断（Extremely irrational. 把作者温和的"看似有理但有问题"夸张成"极不理性"。原文是 might even seem like...have a point，承认其表面合理，远没到 extremely irrational 的全盘否定，态度强度严重失真）；D 项属未提及（Apparently simplistic. 的 Apparently 蹭了原文"表面看"的味道，但 simplistic（过于简单化）这一评价原文从未给出——作者的批评是"问题不在具体学位而在整体经济"，是归因偏差，而非"简单化"），均可排除。
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 24 题：What do we learn about British college graduates five years after graduation? 答案是什么？为什么选 C？
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 24 题是细节题，正确答案 C）Forty percent of them earn less than ￡25,000 a year。答案句出自录音「Well, 40 percent of all graduates—regardless of their degree—are on less than 25,000 pounds a year, 5 years after graduation」（要知道，所有毕业生中——无论学的什么专业——有 40% 的人在毕业 5 年后年收入低于 25000 英镑），靠精确限定三连：40% + all graduates + 5 years after定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（40 percent of all graduates ↔ Forty percent of them；less than 25,000 pounds a year ↔ less than ￡25,000 a year）。其余选项：A 项属原词陷阱（选项盗用了 never save up 的原词，但原文是"被迫过上永远存不下钱的生活"，说的是"现状被迫如此"，并非 haven't tried to save money（没尝试去存钱）。把"存不下"偷换成"没去尝试存"，且该描述属 P2 的创意艺术生、非本题 5 年后的全体毕业生）；B 项属原词陷阱（选项盗用 never buy a house never hope to retire 的原词，但原文是"被迫过上永远买不起房、不敢指望退休的生活"，是被环境所迫的处境，不是 never hope to buy a house or to retire（主观上不想买房退休）。且这同样是 P2 描述创意艺术生的，与题干 5 年后全体毕业生不符）；D 项属与原文相反（The majority of them have fairly well-paying jobs. 蹭了 P3 fairly good work prospects（顶尖名校创意艺术生前景不错）的原词，但那只针对牛津等顶尖名校的少数人；就全体毕业生而言原文恰恰说 40% 低于 25000，多数收入并不高。把局部的"前景好"放大成整体"多数高薪"，方向相反），均可排除。
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 25 题：What does the speaker say actually accounts for the problem identified by Onward? 答案是什么？为什么选 B？
- 英语六级2023年12月第1套听力第 25 题是细节题，正确答案 B）Britain's economy as a whole。答案句出自录音「This suggests that the problem isn't really to do with specific students studying specific degrees, but really with the economy as a whole」（这表明，问题其实并不在于具体学生读了什么具体专业，而真正在于整体经济），靠对照信号 isn't...but...，真因在 but 之后定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（the economy as a whole ↔ Britain's economy as a whole.）。其余选项：A 项属原词陷阱（The context of a bank balance. 盗用了 P4 the value of education not in the context of a bank balance 的原词，但原文恰恰说"不要在银行账户的语境里、而要在人生的语境里看教育的价值"，bank balance 是作者要否定的衡量方式，而非问题根源）；C 项属原词陷阱（The specific degree a student earns. 盗用 specific students studying specific degrees 的原词，且顺着前文"创意艺术学位不值钱"最像答案；但原文 isn't really to do with specific...degrees 已把它明确否定，真因在 but 之后，故它正是要排的"but 前被否定项"）；D 项属未提及（Britain's defective educational system. 听着像总结，但原文从未说"英国教育制度有缺陷"是问题根源；作者归因是 the economy as a whole（整体经济），并在 P4 主张到"高等教育之外的更广世界"去看，并未指控教育系统 defective），均可排除。