2017年6月·第2套 英语四级长篇阅读（信息匹配） 第 1 篇 · 36–45 题答案与解析

They need to rid their minds of sentimentalism: the most successful teams have leaders who are able to set an overall direction and take immediate action.

企业需要去除感情用事：最成功的团队的领导能够定下总体方向，并采取即时行动，对应原文 set an overall direction and take immediate action。

His solution was to learn something from the rebels it was fighting: decentralising authority to self-organising teams.

他给出的解决方案是向所交战的反抗者学一手：把权力下放给自组织团队，原文为 decentralising authority to self-organising teams。

Deloitte argues that a new organisational form is on the rise: a network of teams is replacing the conventional hierarchy.

德勤认为一种新的组织形态正在兴起：团队网络正在取代传统的层级体制，原文为 a network of teams is replacing the conventional hierarchy。

Loosely managed teams can become hotbeds of distraction—employees routinely complain that they can't get their work done because they are forced to spend too much time in meetings or compelled to work in noisy offices.

管理松散的团队可能变成让人分心的温床——员工经常抱怨，他们没法完成工作，因为被迫花太多时间开会、或被迫在嘈杂的办公室里工作，原文为 Loosely managed teams can become hotbeds of distraction。

Teams work best if their members have a strong common culture.

团队只有在成员拥有共同文化时才能发挥最佳效能，原文为 Teams work best if their members have a strong common culture。

But a new report by Deloitte, "Global Human Capital Trends", based on a survey of more than 7,000 executives in over 130 countries, suggests that the fashion for teamwork has reached a new high.

但德勤一份基于对130多个国家7000多名高管调查所撰写的新报告《全球人力资本趋势》表明，团队合作风潮已经达到新的高峰，原文为 the fashion for teamwork has reached a new high。

In a study of 120 teams of senior executives, he discovered that less than 10% of their supposed members agreed on who exactly was on the team. If it is hard enough to define a team's membership, agreeing on its purpose is harder still.

在一项对120个高管团队的研究中，他发现不到10%的所谓成员能就「谁到底是团队成员」达成一致；如果连团队成员都难定义，那就团队目的达成共识就更难了，对应原文 If it is hard enough to define a team's membership, agreeing on its purpose is harder still。

Leigh Thompson of Kellogg School of Management in Illinois warns that, "Teams are not always the answer—teams may provide insight, creativity and knowledge in a way that a person working independently cannot; but teamwork may also lead to confusion, delay and poor decision-making." The late Richard Hackman of Harvard University once argued, "I have no question that when you have a team, the possibility exists that it will generate magic, producing something extraordinary… But don't count on it."

凯洛格管理学院的莉·汤普森警告说团队并非总是答案——团队能以一个独立工作者所不能的方式提供洞见、创造力和知识，但团队合作也可能带来混乱、拖延和糟糕的决策；已故哈佛大学的理查德·哈克曼也曾论道当你有一个团队时它可能产生奇迹、创造非凡，但别指望——对应原文 Teams are not always the answer 与 But don't count on it。

A new study of 12,000 workers in 17 countries by Steelcase, a furniture-maker which also does consulting, finds that the best way to ensure employees are "engaged" is to give them more control over where and how they do their work―which may mean liberating them from having to do everything in collaboration with others.

家具制造商兼咨询公司 Steelcase 对17个国家12000名员工的新研究发现，确保员工投入的最佳方式是让他们对「在哪里以及如何工作」有更多掌控权——对应原文 more control over where and how they do their work。

John Chambers, chairman of Cisco Systems Inc., a worldwide leader in electronics products, says that "we compete against market transitions, not competitors. Product transitions used to take five or seven years; now they take one or two."

思科系统公司董事长约翰·钱伯斯说我们要与之竞争的是市场过渡，而不是对手；产品过渡过去要花五到七年，如今只要一到两年——对应原文 Product transitions used to take five or seven years; now they take one or two。