2020年12月·第2套 英语六级阅读理解（四选一） 第 1 篇 · 46–50 题答案与解析

What is more visible in India than anywhere else 用 what 直接问一个被作者点名的事实，无 infer、imply、main idea 这类信号词。

Q46 主干是 What is more visible in India；than anywhere else 是比较状语，强调印度比别处更明显。结构平铺直叙，无陷阱。

• A)与原文相反

  positive views on the proposals 把原文对该提案的批评立场反转为积极看法，与全文及定位句中 hidden、aggravate 等贬义语义完全相反。

• B)✓ 正确
  • the reverse compulsion is hidden in the proposals for a new plant-based "planetary diet"↔People's reluctance to be compelled to eat plant-based food
  • Nowhere is this more visible than in India↔People's reluctance to be compelled to eat plant-based food

  预判得到的反向强迫在印度最明显，等于 People's reluctance to be compelled to eat plant-based food，完全对齐。

• C)答非所问

  preferences for the kind of food they consume 说的是对所吃食物种类的偏好，是泛泛的口味话题；原文要点是被强迫，不是偏好，没有回答 more visible in India 的具体所指。

• D)张冠李戴

  unwillingness to give up their eating habits 谈的是不愿放弃饮食习惯，原文 P1 只谈被反向强迫，并未在此处讨论放弃既有习惯；P5 虽出现 give up traditional foods，但与题干 more visible in India 这一焦点错位。

What would the EAT-Lancet Commission's report do to many people 用 what…do 直问报告对人群产生的具体影响，无推断信号词。

Q47 What would…do to many people 是询问主语对宾语造成的影响；would 表预测语气，是基于原文给出的虚拟后果，不是推断信号。

• A)无中生有

  Radically change their dietary habits 谈彻底改变饮食习惯，定位句 P2 只讲加剧政治紧张和加重营养不良，并未提报告会让人群彻底改变饮食习惯。

• B)与原文相反

  Keep them further away from politics 说让他们远离政治，但原文 aggravate an already tense political situation 是加剧政治紧张，与让人远离政治方向相反。

• C)✓ 正确
  • stress already undernourished populations↔Make them even more undernourished

  预判得到的让营养不良人群更糟，等于 Make them even more undernourished，完全对齐。

• D)偷换概念

  Substantially reduce their food choices 谈大幅减少食物选项。原文 substantially reducing consumption of animal source foods 中 substantially reducing 修饰的是动物源食物的消费量，不是食物选项的数量；选项把减少消费偷换成减少选项。

What do we learn from the passage about food consumption in India 问的是文章关于某话题告诉了我们什么事实，没有 infer 或 imply。

Q48 主干 What do we learn from the passage；about food consumption in India 是话题限定语，结构清晰、无陷阱。

• A)无中生有

  People's diet will not change due to the EAT-Lancet report 谈饮食不会因 EAT 报告而改变。原文 P4 谈的是印度人想吃和能吃的差距，并未对是否会因报告改变作出预言；P2 反而暗示该报告会带来负面影响。

• B)✓ 正确
  • there is a vast difference between what people would wish to consume and what they have to consume↔Many people simply do not have access to foods they prefer
  • because of innumerable barriers around class, religion, culture, cost, geography, etc↔Many people simply do not have access to foods they prefer

  预判得到的想吃的不等于能吃的，等于 do not have access to foods they prefer，完全对齐。

• C)偷换概念

  growing popularity of a cereal-heavy vegetarian diet 谈以谷物为主的素食日益流行。原文 Policymakers in India have traditionally pushed for a cereal-heavy 说的是政策制定者『推行』，是自上而下，不是日益流行；growing popularity 把行为主体从政策制定者偷换为民众自发追捧。

• D)与原文相反

  Policymakers help remove the barriers to people's choice of food 谈决策者帮人民扫除饮食选择的障碍。原文 P4 的决策者是在吃肉人群上强推素食——是在制造或加固障碍，而非帮人扫除；方向完全反转。

What does the passage say about a plant-based diet modeled on India 用 say about 问文章对某概念明说了什么，按细节题处理。

Q49 主干 What does the passage say；about a plant-based diet modeled on India 是话题限定语，过去分词短语 modeled on India 后置修饰 diet。无陷阱。

• A)与原文相反

  benefit populations whose traditional diet is meat-based 说惠及以肉食为主的人群，原文 P8 和 P9 明确这是对弱势人群的伤害，方向相反；六级常借 benefit 这种正向动词制造极性反转。

• B)偷换概念

  another blow to the economy in developing countries 把打击对象从弱势社群（营养、民生）偷换成经济。原文 P8 beat 的是 vulnerable communities，不是 economy；P11 末尾的 economic cost 也不是本题定位段的论点。

• C)无中生有

  narrow the gap between the rich and poor countries 谈缩小贫富国差距，原文 P8、P9 全程批评该饮食对发展中国家的伤害，从未谈缩小贫富差距，是空降话题。

• D)✓ 正确
  • another whip with which to beat already vulnerable communities in developing countries↔worsen the nourishment problem in low-income countries
  • undernourished children are known to benefit from the consumption of milk and other animal source foods↔worsen the nourishment problem in low-income countries

  预判得到的加重弱势国家营养不良，等于 worsen the nourishment problem in low-income countries，完全对齐。

How does the Indian government respond to the EAT-Lancet Commission's proposals 问政府如何回应，回应在文中有明示，是细节题而非主观态度题。

Q50 主干 How does the Indian government respond；to the EAT-Lancet Commission's proposals 是 respond 的介宾搭配。结构平铺直叙。

• A)✓ 正确
  • given the report a thumbs-up↔It accepts them
  • Rather than addressing chronic hunger and malnutrition through an improved access to wholesome and nutrient-dense foods, the government is opening the door for company-dependent solutions, ignoring the environmental and economic cost, which will destroy local food systems↔at the expense of the long-term interests of its people

  预判得到的接受但牺牲长远利益，等于 It accepts them at the expense of the long-term interests of its people，完全对齐。

• B)张冠李戴

  intends them to spark conversations 把 EAT-Lancet claimed its intention was to 的主语（EAT 委员会）安到政府头上；spark conversations 的发出者不是 Indian government。

• C)无中生有

  regardless of opposition from nutrition experts 谈不顾营养专家的反对。原文 P10 提到的是被排除在外的 vocal critics of the food processing industry and food fortification strategies 和 India's farmers，并未明确说营养专家反对，且更没有说政府是不顾这些反对而通过。

• D)与原文相反

  welcomes them as a tool to address chronic hunger and malnutrition 把报告说成解决饥饿与营养不良的工具，但原文 Rather than addressing chronic hunger and malnutrition 明确指出政府正是没有用它来解决这些问题；方向反转。