2021年12月·第1套 英语六级阅读理解（四选一） 第 2 篇 · 51–55 题答案与解析

题干 What trend has been observed in a report 是问一份报告里观察到的具体趋势，属于可直接回原文找事实陈述的题。

题干 What trend has been observed in a report 是一个被动语态的特殊疑问句，主干是 "What trend has been observed"，介词短语 "in a report" 限定观察发生在那份报告之内。结构平铺直叙，无陷阱。

• A)张冠李戴

  Food manufacturers, rising awareness of product safety 把趋势主体偷换成了制造商，且原文 One report found that 39 percent of consumers 明确主体是消费者。

• B)答非所问

  Food manufacturers, changing strategies to bolster profits 描述的是原文 they\'re doing so with an eye towards…bolstering profits 里制造商的反应，而非那份 report 观察到的 trend。题干 What trend has been observed in a report 指向报告里的发现，不是报告之外的厂商动作。

• C)偷换概念

  Consumers, growing demand for eye-catching food labels 把原文中消费者要的 "clearer, more accurate" 偷换成了 "eye-catching"（吸睛的），并把对 "information" 的诉求换成对 "labels" 的诉求——视觉冲击力不等于信息清晰。

• D)✓ 正确
  • 39 percent of consumers would switch from the brands they currently buy to others that provide clearer, more accurate product information↔increasing desire for clear product information
  • consumers are increasingly demanding more information about what\'s in their food↔Consumers, increasing desire for clear product information

  预判出的两个要素（主体是消费者、内容是清晰准确的产品信息）与 Consumers, increasing desire for clear product information 逐一对应。

题干 What does the author say is manufacturers\' new marketing strategy 用 "What does the author say" 引导，问的是作者直接陈述的内容。

题干 What does the author say is manufacturers\' new marketing strategy 是一个嵌套疑问句：主问句 "What does the author say" 后接一个省略 that 的宾语从句，其内核为 "X is Y"，求的是 X（即策略的内容）。无陷阱。

• A)✓ 正确
  • labeling what is NOT in the food↔Stressing the absence of certain elements in their products
  • These labels are known as "absence claims" labels↔Stressing the absence of certain elements in their products

  Stressing the absence of certain elements in their products 的核心 "absence of certain elements" 恰好就是预判的 "没有什么"。

• B)无中生有

  Articulating the unique nutritional value of their products 提到的 "unique nutritional value"（独特营养价值）在原文完全无对应，属于在 articulating 一词上做的无中生有延伸。

• C)与原文相反

  Supplying detailed information of their products 描述的是 articulating what is in a product 这种 "旧" 策略，正是 But 之前被作者用 "has gone beyond" 否定掉的部分，不是 "new" 策略。

• D)偷换概念

  Designing transparent labels for their products 的 "transparent labels"（透明标签）借用了原文 If consumers say they want transparency 中 "transparency"，但 transparency 描述的是消费者诉求，并非作者所说的 "new marketing strategy" 的内容。

题干 What point does the author make about non-GMO labels 问的是作者就某一具体对象表达的观点，可在原文锁定句中找到原据，归为细节题。

题干 What point does the author make about non-GMO labels 中 "make a point" 是固定搭配，意为 "提出/表达一个观点"，介词 "about" 后接观点对象。结构简洁，无陷阱。

• A)无中生有

  They are increasingly attracting customers\' attention 描述的 "吸引注意" 在 P3 没有任何对应；原文谈的是制造恐惧，不是吸引眼球。

• B)无中生有

  They create lots of trouble for GMO food producers 把目标受影响对象写成 GMO 食品生产商，原文只谈消费者层面的恐惧，未提对 GMO 生产商的麻烦。

• C)与原文相反

  They should be used more for vegetables and milk 借用了 P3 例证中的 tomatoes 与 milk，但作者意图恰恰是批评而非鼓励这种标签的使用——"should be used more" 与作者立场相反。

• D)✓ 正确
  • another label that creates unnecessary fear around food↔They cause anxiety about food among consumers

  预判落点是 creates unnecessary fear，选项 cause anxiety about food 与之核心语义全等。

题干 What does the author say absence claims labels will do to food manufacturers 问的是 "会对食品制造商造成什么"，是可逐字回原文核对的细节。

题干 What does the author say absence claims labels will do to food manufacturers 是嵌套疑问句：主问句 "What does the author say"，宾语从句中 "absence claims labels will do to food manufacturers" 主谓宾完整，"will do" 谓语带将来时态，问的是未来后果。

• A)答非所问

  Cause changes in their marketing strategies 写的是营销策略的变化，原文未提制造商会因此改变策略；且题干问 "will do to manufacturers" 是问对制造商造成的伤害，不是问制造商的反应。

• B)与原文相反

  Help remove stigma around their products 与原文 absence claims labels can create a stigma around foods 完全相反——原文是 create a stigma（制造污名化），选项却说 remove stigma（去除污名化）。

• C)✓ 正确
  • damaged consumer trust and lower sales↔Erode consumer trust and reduce sales
  • eroding consumer trust in not just a single product, but the entire food business↔Erode consumer trust and reduce sales

  预判的 "信任受损 + 销量下降" 与 Erode consumer trust and reduce sales 一一对应，连并列连词 "and" 都保留。

• D)无中生有

  Decrease support from food scientists 提及的 "food scientists" 在原文中从未出现，属于无中生有；原文 there is no scientific evidence 只是说没有科学证据证明这些食品有害，并非谈科学家的支持度。

题干 What does the author suggest food manufacturers do 问的是作者对制造商的具体建议，可在原文锁定句找到对应，归为细节题。

题干 What does the author suggest food manufacturers do 是嵌套疑问句：主问 "What does the author suggest"，宾语从句 "food manufacturers do" 用了 suggest 后从句的虚拟语气（动词原形 do），中国考生易把 "do" 误以为漏字，需点明这是语法规范。

• A)答非所问

  Take measures to lower the cost of food products 涉及降低食品成本，原文 more costly food products 只是把高成本列为如果继续使用 absence claims 将会出现的后果，不是作者给出的建议。

• B)✓ 正确
  • food manufacturers must tread carefully when it comes to using absence claims↔Exercise caution about the use of absence claims

  Exercise caution about the use of absence claims 与预判一一对应，且 "absence claims" 在选项与原文中原词复现。

• C)过度推断

  Welcome new innovations in food processing 把 "欢迎创新" 当作建议；但原文 this verbal trick sends a message that innovations in farming and food processing are unwelcome 是说 absence claims 这种文字游戏暗示了 "不欢迎创新"，作者并未直接建议厂商去 welcome innovations。

• D)过度推断

  Promote efficiency and increase food variety 把 "提高效率与品类多样" 当建议，原文 less efficiency, fewer choices for consumers 只是把 "效率降低、选择减少" 列为继续使用 absence claims 的负面后果，并未直接建议厂商去主动提升效率与品类。