2024年12月·第2套 英语六级阅读理解（四选一） 第 1 篇 · 46–50 题答案与解析

What has become of the rural areas nowadays? 问的是「现在乡村怎么样了」，要的是客观状态描述，不含 infer/suggest/imply。

What has become of the rural areas nowadays? 是常规疑问句，become of 是固定搭配，意为「（某事物）变成了什么样、下场如何」，整句直译为「乡村现在变成什么样了」，无陷阱。

• A)✓ 正确
  • leaving the countryside in desolation↔They are becoming somewhat deserted.
  • country-dwellers across the world are moving out↔They are becoming somewhat deserted.

  A 把「正在外流→正变得荒凉」浓缩成 becoming somewhat deserted，与预判完全一致；somewhat 还为「程度词」留了余地，避免被「过于绝对」反驳。

• B)与原文相反

  原文讲的是 contributing to the excessive crowdedness of densely populated cities——人去了城市，乡村反而空了；选项 They are being increasingly urbanised. 却说乡村正被「城市化」，方向完全相反。

• C)张冠李戴

  Rural life is associated with closely-knit communities 说的是乡村生活「被联想为」紧密社区，是一种「印象」，并非 nowadays 的现实；选项 They are closely-knit communities. 把印象当现状。

• D)以偏概全

  so do conservatism and a lack of employment opportunities 把 conservatism 与「就业不足」并列为问题，原文紧接着说 And it is mostly due to the latter that rural communities are suffering——主因是后者（就业），并非保守主义；D 把次要因素夸大为现状。

What does the author think of the rural lifestyle? 问作者对乡村生活方式的明确观点，答案是原文直接写出的评价，并未要求做逻辑推断。

What does the author think of the rural lifestyle? 是固定句型，think of=「对……的看法」；直译「作者怎么看乡村生活方式」，无陷阱。

• A)答非所问

  P3 评价乡村生活方式不可取，但并未说它「无法存活」；It is unlikely to survive given the on-going changes. 借用了 how can the countryside ensure its survival 里的 survival，却把「能否生存」的话题误植到「作者对生活方式的判断」上。

• B)✓ 正确
  • this brings energy efficiency that the countryside cannot match↔It is less energy-efficient compared to that in cities.
  • higher carbon emissions per person than in the city↔It is less energy-efficient compared to that in cities.

  整段评价的核心证据就是「乡村能效低、碳排高」，B 一字不差地复述了这层比较关系，且严格限定在「能效」维度，与预判一致。

• C)偷换概念

  those living in the countryside are heavier automobile users 说的是「乡村人是更重度的汽车使用者」（使用频率/比例更高），选项 It is highly dependent upon heavy automobiles. 把 heavier 移植到 automobiles 之前，变成「依赖重型汽车」，偷换了 heavier 的修饰对象。

• D)与原文相反

  原文 it is actually irresponsible to endorse such a lifestyle choice 直接评价「推崇这种生活方式是不负责任的」，作者持反对态度；选项 It is a choice more affluent people will endorse. 不仅没指出作者的反对，反而把「有钱人会推崇」当成结论。

What does the author think of rich urban residents buying a second home in the countryside? 问的是作者对这一具体行为的明确评价，答案出现在原文同一段的总结句。

rich urban residents buying a second home in the countryside 中 buying 是现在分词作 residents 的后置定语，相当于「买第二套乡村房的城市富人」；定语稍长但不绕。

• A)无中生有

  P4 谈的是房价与本地居民问题，并未提及 traditional rural life 是否被破坏；考生易把第二段提到的「亲密社区/简单生活」的传统印象嫁接到此，但原文未在 P4 谈这一面。

• B)偷换概念

  原文 house prices are pushed up... leaving them unaffordable for local people 谈的是房价与可负担性，并未谈 rural social stability；选项把经济层面问题升格成「社会稳定」这种更大的范畴。

• C)无中生有

  P4 谈的是市场力量与房价，并未提及 rural economies' revitalisation；revitalisation 这一话题在 P6 rural renaissance 处才隐约出现，与 P4 的论点无关。

• D)✓ 正确
  • For those who believe in rural preservation, this is deplorable↔It is detrimental to rural preservation.
  • leaving them unaffordable for local people↔It is detrimental to rural preservation.

  原文连续给出「房价上涨→本地人买不起→市场力量进一步驱赶居民→对乡村保护者而言可悲」四步推理，落脚点正是「对乡村保护不利」；D 既保留了评价的负面性，又精准落到 preservation 这个对象上。

What do we learn about the countryside with industrialisation and technological advances? 问从文中得知什么，答案直接来自原文表述，不要求二步推断。

the countryside with industrialisation and technological advances 中 with 引出伴随状语，意为「在工业化与技术进步的影响下」，with 短语作 countryside 的后置修饰，整句直译「在工业化与技术进步下，我们对乡村得知什么」。

• A)✓ 正确
  • surely an evolving countryside is inevitable↔It is destined to change gradually.
  • rural life has continuously evolved↔It is destined to change gradually.

  P5 段尾既明示必然性（inevitable）又通过 continuously evolved 暗示渐进性，A 把这两层语义都包含进 destined to change gradually，与预判完全一致。

• B)与原文相反

  原文 Whilst an idealised view of the countryside is common, the reality is that rural life has continuously evolved 用 whilst 让步、the reality is 转折，明确把「理想化乡村」当成被否定的印象；选项 It will present an idealised way of life. 反把它说成将要呈现的现实。

• C)以偏概全

  The internet has introduced once foreign cultures into the countryside 只是段中三件平行例证之一，与「分工」「全球村」共同支撑「乡村必然演变」这一论点；选项 It is likely to embrace foreign cultures. 把单一例子当成结论。

• D)过度推断

  creating a "global village" 强调「世界更可及、变成地球村」，并不等于乡村会「越来越多元化」；选项 It will become increasingly diversified. 在「多文化进入」之上多走一步，推出 diversified 这个原文未说的结论。

What does the author think of the future of the countryside compared with cities? 问作者对未来的对比判断，原文末段直接给出明示对比，不需推断。

What does the author think of the future of the countryside compared with cities? 中 compared with cities 是过去分词短语作 future 的后置定语，意为「与城市相比的乡村的未来」；句子结构稍长但语义直白。

• A)无中生有

  P7 未提及 harder for the locals；本地人变难的话题在 P4 leaving them unaffordable for local people 出现过，但与「未来对比」无关；选项把跨段细节挪过来冒充末段对比的结论。

• B)与原文相反

  原文 but the future of the countryside is less clear 把乡村未来与城市未来拉开差距；选项 It is going to resemble that of cities. 反说「乡村未来会像城市的未来」，把对比关系反转为类似关系。

• C)答非所问

  But change is inevitable 谈的是变化必然，It is less likely to stay static. 复述这一变化必然性；但本题问的是「乡村未来与城市未来相比」这一对比维度，C 答的是「乡村是否会变」的另一维度。

• D)✓ 正确
  • but the future of the countryside is less clear↔It is less easy to envisage.
  • We know that the world is going to see new cities emerging from the dust and current cities growing into megacities↔It is less easy to envisage.

  对比型细节题正确项必须同时保留比较关系与比较内容；D 既保留 less，又把 clear 同义置换为 easy to envisage，与预判完全契合。