2024年12月·第2套 英语六级听力真题原文与答案解析

What did the man want to discuss with the woman?

开门见山引出语。to get right down to it（直奔主题地说）是典型的点题信号，紧跟其后的 I'm having second thoughts about my major 就是他要谈的核心，这正是开篇定主话题的落点。

• having second thoughts about my major↔Changing his major.动摇=想换

• B)原词陷阱录音确有 With my family situation getting more complicated，但家庭状况只是促使他动摇的背景诱因，不是他『想讨论』的主题；听到原词 family situation 就选会上当。

  借用原文：With my family situation getting more complicated

• C)原词陷阱thesis（毕业论文）确实在后文 thesis is due by the end of this year 被提到，但那是讲他没时间的论据，与他开头要谈的『换专业』无关，更没说要 revise（修改）论文。

  借用原文：thesis is due by the end of this year

• D)与原文相反passion for Art History 出自女方回忆 how passionate you are about the Art History programme，那是男生过去的热爱；他现在恰恰是要放弃，方向相反，不是他想讨论的事。

  借用原文：how passionate you are about the Art History programme

Why does the man want to give up Art History?

转折 but 后是真意。but does nothing to put food on my plate 中的 but 是关键信号：前半 nourishes my soul 是让步，转折之后才是他放弃的真正理由——这门专业养不活自己。转折后才是落点。

• does nothing to put food on my plate↔He doesn't think it will provide him with a living.糊口=谋生

• A)原词陷阱录音出现过 My father's current financial situation 和别处的 legitimate，但他从没说『依赖父亲不正当』；这是把不同句的原词拼成一个似是而非的理由。

  借用原文：My father's current financial situation has helped me realize

• B)张冠李戴My father's current financial situation 是『父亲的』经济状况让他醒悟，并非『他自己的经济状况变了』；选项把主语和含义都改了。

  借用原文：My father's current financial situation has helped me realize

• D)偷换概念nourishes 确实念到了，但原文是 Art History nourishes my soul——艺术史滋养灵魂是他舍不得它的地方，不是放弃的理由；选项把它说成『只滋养经济无虞者』，纯属歪曲。

  借用原文：Art History nourishes my soul

What does the woman advise the man to do?

建议句 you need to / is key。you need to be more assertive and start talking with people 用 you need to 直接发出建议，Networking is key 又以『…至关重要』强调要点——这两处劝告语气正是建议题的答案信号。

• start talking with people↔Try his best to socialize and build a network in the art industry.和人交谈=社交
• Networking is key↔build a network in the art industrynetworking=build a network

• B)张冠李戴financially viable employment 是男方在 a more financially viable employment opportunity is not necessarily a bad thing 说的想法，不是女方的建议；女方反而劝他坚持艺术行业。

  借用原文：a more financially viable employment opportunity is not necessarily a bad thing

• C)偷换概念录音里 become a celebrity in the world of museums and galleries 是『成名』这一目标，女方建议的手段是建人脉；选项把它说成『研究怎样成名』，把目标当成了建议的动作。

  借用原文：become a celebrity in the world of museums and galleries

• D)未提及Strike a balance between intellectual pursuits and financial security. 听上去最稳妥，但女方通篇没说『要在理想与现实间平衡』，她是明确劝他坚持艺术、去建人脉；这是录音没提及的折中说法。

What does the man say he really lacks right now?

稀缺信号 precious / barely。Time is a very precious commodity right now 中的 precious（珍贵稀缺）直接点出匮乏，后面 I can barely keep up 和 When can I find time 反复诉说时间不够——这一连串稀缺信号都指向时间。

• Time is a very precious commodity right now↔Time.稀缺=缺乏

• A)答非所问金钱话题（financial、food on my plate）出现在前文谈放弃专业时，但他在被问『缺什么』的这段里抱怨的是时间不是钱；把别处的 money 话题搬过来就答偏了。

  借用原文：does nothing to put food on my plate

• C)未提及录音没说他缺决心；他缺的是时间，决心与原文无对应。
• D)原词陷阱女方说过 Now is the optimum time，optimum（最佳的）与 optimism（乐观）形近易混，但这是女方的话、且讲的是『最佳时机』，与他缺什么无关。

  借用原文：Now is the optimum time to put forth your best effort

What are the speakers mainly talking about in the conversation?

首句点题且全程围绕。开头第一句 what your end-of-semester business project will be on 就点出话题，之后两人轮流介绍各自的 project（女的牛肉、男的洗车），话题从头贯到尾——主旨就靠"开头点题 + 全程不离"判定。

• end-of-semester business project↔Their end-of-semester business projects几乎原词照搬

• A)原词陷阱Their decision on investigating beef consumption 盗用了录音里 Beef consumption has been rising strongly 的 beef consumption，但那只是女方项目内的一个论据，既非"两人"共谈、也非全程主旨，以偏概全。

  借用原文：Beef consumption has been rising strongly over the past 20 years

• B)原词陷阱Their original ideas about the domestic market 借了 the domestic market 的原词，但对话主谈的是"做什么项目"，domestic market 只是女方方案里的一个限定，不能代表整段。

  借用原文：supplies beef for the domestic market

• C)过度推断Their different approaches to a case study 听上去合理，因为两人确实各做 case study，但录音中两人是"各做各的不同生意"，并没有讨论"做案例的不同方法"，approaches 是无中生有。

  借用原文：What are you doing your case study on?

What does the man say makes perfect sense?

题干原词 makes perfect sense。录音里 Makes perfect sense 与题干同词出现，紧跟其后的 to raise our own cattle 就是男方认可的做法——题干的关键短语在原文复现处，答案就在它周围。

• to raise our own cattle↔Raising cattle domesticallyour own=domestically

• A)原词陷阱Expanding farmland out west 盗用了男方 plenty of land out west 的 land out west，但他是用"西部有地"来论证自养可行，并非主张"扩张西部农田"，答非所问。

  借用原文：There's plenty of land out west

• B)与原文相反Importing most of the beef 借了女方 most of the beef is imported 的原词，但 imported 在录音里是"现状的弊端、要被自养取代"的对象，绝不是 makes sense 的对象，取的恰是反面。

  借用原文：most of the beef is imported, which brings with it added fees

• D)原词陷阱Continuing to boost economic growth 盗用了 the economy continues to grow 的 economy/grow，但经济增长在录音里是"需求会涨"的大背景，男方认可的是"自养"这个做法，不是"继续推动经济增长"。

  借用原文：As the economy continues to grow, consumer demand is expected to continue to increase

Why does the man believe he has a vast and continual market?

题干原句 vast and continual market 的上文。录音 You got yourself a vast and continual market 与题干同句，它前面 there's plenty of cars about 给出原因，而这整段是在评价男方的"洗车"项目——理由句紧贴结论句。

• I was thinking about a car wash↔Carwashingcar wash=Carwashing

• A)原词陷阱Technical equipment 盗用了后文 a bit more technical equipment 的原词，但那是男方靠它"加价"的卖点，不是"市场大"的对象，答非所问。

  借用原文：offering just a bit more technical equipment and professional service

• B)未提及Business consultancy 在录音里完全没出现，两人谈的是牛肉和洗车两门生意，没有"商业咨询"这一项，纯属无中生有。
• C)张冠李戴Beef 盗用女方项目里的核心词，但"vast and continual market"那句明明针对男方的洗车说的，把牛肉安到"男方的大市场"上是张冠李戴。

  借用原文：I'm going to design a business case study for a cow farm that supplies beef

Who would the man's imagined business cater to?

cater to 直接领出受众。录音 cater to high-end consumers in large cities 里 cater to 与题干同词，它后面紧跟的"高端消费者、在大城市"就是面向的人群——指向受众的动词后那一串就是答案。

• high-end consumers in large cities↔High-end customers in big cities近义词逐一对应

• A)与原文相反Car owners of all walks of life 用了 car（与洗车相关）勾人，但男方限定的是"高端、大城市"的窄众，of all walks of life（各行各业）把范围扩成了所有人，与原文相反。

  借用原文：cater to high-end consumers in large cities

• C)原词陷阱Consumers craving for professional service 盗用了 professional service 的原词，但专业服务是男方"提供"的卖点，而非他面向的客户特征，答非所问。

  借用原文：offering just a bit more technical equipment and professional service

• D)张冠李戴Well-off dealers seeking a profitable markup 盗用了 a profitable markup 的原词，但 markup（加价获利）是男方"自己"要做的事，不是他面向的客户；把商家行为安成客户身份，张冠李戴。

  借用原文：It could charge a profitable markup

What do we learn from a new study about young children?

研究结论标志语 a new study suggests。录音用 As a new study suggests 这个明确的结论引出语点题，紧跟其后的 the more… the more… 句式正是新研究的核心结论，听到 study suggests 就该锁定其后那句为答案句。

• the more parents engaged in conversation with preschoolers during TV time, the more likely those children were to have higher curiosity levels↔Parents' talking with them during TV time raises their curiosity levelsthe more…the more 改写为 raises
• engaged in conversation with preschoolers during TV time↔talking with them during TV timeengaged in conversation = talking

• B)原词陷阱B 借用了录音第二段念到的 daily television exposure 这个原词，编出看电视会减少亲子对话时间的说法，但录音从未说看电视削减对话，反而强调看电视时家长要多陪聊，属于听到原词就想选的原词陷阱。

  借用原文：Researchers assessed hours of daily television exposure and frequency of parent-screen-time conversation

• C)答非所问C 用了录音开头 poorer progress in some areas of development 的原词，说成看得越多发展越差的递进因果，但录音只说看电视时间增多长期与发展较差相关联，是个背景前提、并非本研究的新发现，新发现是陪聊提升好奇心，故 C 答非所问。

  借用原文：Increased television time for young children has long been linked with poorer progress in some areas of development.

• D)偷换概念D 借用录音里的 socioeconomic disadvantages 一词，说成经济水平影响学业成就，但录音只把社会经济弱势作为陪聊效果尤其明显的人群补充，并未把它当作研究的主结论，属于把次要信息偷换成主结论。

  借用原文：This was particularly true for children with socioeconomic disadvantages.

What did Prachi Shah's study specifically focus on?

限定词 specifically focused on 直接点聚焦点。录音 The study specifically focused on curiosity levels 里 specifically focused on 把研究范围明确收窄到 curiosity levels 这一项，限定词后紧跟的对象就是答案句的核心，听到 focused on 就锁定其后的名词。

• The study specifically focused on curiosity levels↔Kids' curiosity levelscuriosity levels 原概念被前置 Kids'

• A)原词陷阱A 用了录音里的原词 enhanced learning，但这是好奇心 associated with（相关联）的好处之一，出现在 which 引导的延伸部分，而非研究 focused on 的对象，听到原词就选会落入这个陷阱。

  借用原文：which are associated with enhanced learning and higher academic achievement in reading and math

• C)原词陷阱C 照搬录音原词 reading and math，但 reading and math 是好奇心相关联的学业成就领域，属于延伸好处，不是研究聚焦的对象，同样是听到具体学科词就想选的原词陷阱。

  借用原文：higher academic achievement in reading and math at kindergarten

• D)原词陷阱D 取自录音原词 behavioral-developmental benefits，但这同样是好奇心带来的益处之一，与 enhanced learning、reading and math 并列在延伸部分，并非研究 focused on 的对象，属原词陷阱。

  借用原文：and behavioral-developmental benefits, especially for children from families with lower socioeconomic status

What does the passage say about excessive media exposure?

主体加负面谓语 can displace。录音第三段开头 Excessive media exposure, including television, can displace exploratory activities 中，主体 excessive media exposure 后紧跟负面谓语 can displace（挤占），这就是直接回答其后果的答案句，听到题目主体原词加一个动词就锁定该句。

• can displace exploratory activities such as play and parent-child interactions↔cut into kids' time on exploratory activitiesdisplace 改写为 cut into time

• A)未提及A 说过度媒体接触会妨碍孩子与同伴相处（get on with their peers），但录音通篇只说挤占游戏和亲子互动，从未提到与同伴相处或交友受阻，属录音根本没说的内容。
• C)与原文相反C 说能激发孩子对真实人际互动的兴趣，是正面后果，而录音 can displace exploratory activities such as play and parent-child interactions 借用了 interactions 这个原词却把方向说反了：原文是挤占亲子互动这一负面结果，C 却说成激发兴趣，方向完全相反。

  借用原文：can displace exploratory activities such as play and parent-child interactions

• D)原词陷阱D 借用了录音里反复出现的社会经济地位概念（lower socioeconomic status），说成会拉大不同经济地位孩子间的差距，但录音从未说过度媒体接触会扩大经济差距，只把经济弱势作为陪聊受益尤其明显的人群，属于听到熟悉术语就想选的原词陷阱。

  借用原文：especially for children from families with lower socioeconomic status

What is the dark side of our inborn drive to acquire?

题干原词在原文复现。原文 The "dark side" of this drive to acquire is 和题干用了同样的 dark side、drive to acquire，是"原词定位"信号——听到题干念到的词，原文这一句就是答案句。

• being mindlessly driven to possess more and more "things"↔Being mindlessly driven to possess more and more material thingsthings 具体化为 material things

• A)未提及Exerting ourselves too hard in order to attain our life's goals. 谈"为目标过度用力"，但原文 dark side 指的是盲目占有物质，并非"努力过头"，属未提及。
• B)原词陷阱Being possessed with a single thought of professional success. 借了原文后文出现的 success（succeed in your professional and personal life）来诱选，但那处讲的是"有意识地追求成功"的正面建议，不是 dark side。

  借用原文：succeed in your professional and personal life

• C)过度推断Trying every means to beat others in terms of personal aspirations. 说"想方设法胜过别人"，原文谈的是"和别人比较自己的物品"（compare），并非"击败别人"，把 compare 夸大成 beat。

  借用原文：socially compare our "stuff" with all the stuff other people have

What might happen if we do not harness our inborn drive to acquire?

条件句 If…you might 的结果半句。原文 If you're not...harnessing this inborn drive to acquire, you might be... 是 If…you might 结构，转折点在逗号后——后半句才是"会发生什么"的落点。

• you might be mindlessly pursuing all the wrong things↔We might end up pursuing all the wrong thingsyou 换 We、加 end up 不改义

• A)未提及We might isolate ourselves from our fellow beings. 说"把自己和同类隔离"，原文从未讲会孤立自己，属凭常识脑补的未提及项。
• B)原词陷阱We might acquire an incorrect sense of well-being. 借了原文高频词 well-being 来诱选，但原文 well-being 都用在"如何正向利用获取欲、提升幸福感"，并非"不驾驭就会得到错误的幸福感"。

  借用原文：benefit our well-being

• D)原词陷阱We might make a mess of our personal lives. 借 personal（原文有 personal life）造出"搞砸私人生活"的后果，但原文只说会"追错东西"，没说生活会一团糟。

  借用原文：succeed in your professional and personal life

What does the passage say about our intentional aspirational goals?

让步 While + ought to also 的递进落点。原文 While...will include..., they ought to also include goals to help other people 用 While 让步开头、真正主张在 ought to also 之后——递进"还应当"处才是落点。

• they ought to also include goals to help other people↔They should include goals to help other peopleought to=should，其余照搬

• A)与原文相反They should be based on solid theoretical concepts. 借了原文 theoretical 一词，但原文是叫你"从实践而非理论角度看"（practical, rather than theoretical），态度恰好相反。

  借用原文：from a practical, rather than theoretical viewpoint

• B)偷换概念They should take personal interests into account. 说"应考虑个人兴趣"，原文谈的是 personal best、personal life，从没说 goals 要照顾"个人兴趣"，属偷换。

  借用原文：striving to be your personal best

• D)原词陷阱They should increase our sense of worthiness. 仿照原文 increase your sense of well-being 的句式，把 well-being 换成 worthiness（价值感），但那句讲的是"获取能提升幸福感的东西"，且不是本题问的"还应当包含什么"的落点。

  借用原文：increase your sense of well-being

What will you end up doing without pursuing intentional aspirational goals?

文末 dangerous position 的警示结论。原文 you're putting yourself in the dangerous position of simply drifting through life 用 dangerous 加重语气点出"危险结局"，是文末收束的警示落点。

• simply drifting through life↔Drifting through life aimlesslysimply=aimlessly 同义改写

• B)未提及Giving up the chance to fulfill yourself. 说"放弃自我实现的机会"，原文文末讲的是"漂泊度日、无法享受生活"，并未提到"放弃自我实现"，属未提及。
• C)原词陷阱Abandoning all that life has to offer. 直接借了原文 all that life has to offer 来诱选，但原文是说你"将无法享受 all that life has to offer"，是"无法享受"而非主动"abandon（抛弃）"，意思错位。

  借用原文：enjoy all that life has to offer

• D)张冠李戴Spoiling your character and integrity. 借了第 3 段 character, integrity, and trustworthiness 的词，但那处讲的是"目标应包含做有品格的人"这一正面主张，不是"不追目标会毁品格"的结局，张冠李戴到本题。

  借用原文：a person of "good" character, integrity, and trustworthiness

What does the speaker recommend in this talk?

开头自问句直接抛出主题 recommend。讲解者用一句自问 what brain-boosting food and drink would I recommend? 直接亮出全篇主题,recommend 一词与题干 recommend 对应,这种开头的点题自问句就是主旨题的答案信号,后面整篇都在回答这个问题。

• what brain-boosting food and drink would I recommend?↔Brain-boosting food and drink.原文设问中的 brain-boosting food and drink 与选项几乎同形,且后文全篇兑现

• A)原词陷阱开头 raise your grades 念到了提高分数,A 项 Grade-raising ways and means. 就盗这个 grades 来诱选。但提分只是吃得好带来的结果,全篇真正推荐的是健脑食物饮品,A 把手段说成了提分本身,答非所问。

  借用原文：raise your grades

• B)原词陷阱开头 The pressure is on 提到了压力,B 项 Pressure-alleviating exercise. 盗用压力概念并改成运动来诱选。但全篇没讲任何运动,讲的全是吃喝,B 既偏离主题又凭空加了运动。

  借用原文：The pressure is on

• C)原词陷阱开头 It's revision time 与 your revision regime 多次念到 revision,C 项 Revision-conducting approaches. 就盗这个 revision 来诱选。但 revision 只是讲话的背景场景,讲解者推荐的是辅助复习的饮食,而非怎么开展复习,C 偷换了主题。

  借用原文：your revision regime

What does the speaker warn against coffee?

建议句 stop drinking coffee by 2 pm 是直接劝阻信号。讲解者用祈使式建议句 stop drinking coffee by 2 pm,stop…by 是直接劝阻的口吻,正对应题干 warn against(警告别做)。这种带 stop/avoid/be aware 的建议句就是细节题里该避免做法的答案信号。

• stop drinking coffee by 2 pm↔Drinking it after 2 pm.stop…by 2 pm 等于警告 after 2 pm 别喝,肯否定与时间对照转换

• A)原词陷阱原文 coffee from a coffee shop may be stronger than coffee made at home 念到了 coffee shop,A 项 Buying it from coffee shops. 就盗这个原词来诱选。但原文只是提醒咖啡店的咖啡可能更浓,是一句提示,并没把从咖啡店买列为该警告避免的事,答非所问。

  借用原文：coffee from a coffee shop may be stronger than coffee made at home

• B)原词陷阱原文 individuals can build up a tolerance 念到了 build up a tolerance,B 项 Building up a tolerance of it. 直接照搬这个短语来诱选。但原文说的是人会产生耐受、导致提神效果短暂,这是在解释咖啡的局限,并不是警告你别去建立耐受(耐受也不是人主动做的事),属答非所问。

  借用原文：individuals can build up a tolerance

• D)原词陷阱原文 Coffee can also increase blood sugar 念到了 sugar,D 项 Consuming it with sugar. 就盗这个 sugar 来诱选。但原文说的是咖啡会升高血糖,根本没说要警告别就着糖喝咖啡,D 是把 sugar 这个词嫁接到一个原文没说过的做法上,属未提及。

  借用原文：Coffee can also increase blood sugar

How can we get sufficient nutrients according to the speaker?

转折 But + the key 双重信号点明真正途径。讲解者先承认医生常推荐补充剂,随即用 But I would say food should always come before supplements 转折表态,再用 the key to getting as many nutrients as possible is to eat a varied diet 直接给出关键。转折 But 之后才是真意、加上 the key is 的强调,是细节表态题最硬的答案信号。

• eat a varied diet with lots of different colors↔By consuming a rich variety of foods.varied diet 等于 a rich variety of foods,eat 等于 consuming
• food should always come before supplements↔By consuming a rich variety of foods.食物优先于补充剂,正指向靠食物而非补充剂获取营养

• A)与原文相反原文 Doctors often recommend taking vitamin supplements 念到了 vitamin supplements,A 项 By taking varied vitamin supplements. 就盗这个原词来诱选。但那是医生常推荐、被讲解者用 But 转折否定的做法,他明说 food should always come before supplements,故靠补充剂正是被驳斥的途径,与原文相反。

  借用原文：Doctors often recommend taking vitamin supplements

• C)原词陷阱原文 such as frozen berries 与 oranges contain not only vitamin C 念到了 frozen berries 和 oranges,C 项 By eating both oranges and frozen berries. 就把这两个例子拼起来诱选。但原文只是用它们举例说明多样饮食,获取营养的途径是吃多样食物,不是单吃这两样,C 把举例当成了答案,以偏概全。

  借用原文：such as frozen berries and dark green vegetables

• D)与原文相反原文 components that you can't get packaged together in a tablet 念到了 packaged 和 tablet,D 项 By getting components packaged in tablets. 就盗这两个词诱选。但原文带 can't,说的是有些成分你没法靠一颗药片打包获得,意思与 D 完全相反,听漏了 can't 就会误选。

  借用原文：components that you can't get packaged together in a tablet

What is the worrying trend the late Swedish academic has identified?

冒号后直接给出趋势内容。讲者用 has identified a worrying trend: 点题，冒号本身就是答案信号——冒号后那句就是“趋势”的具体内容。再加 not only do many people…but they actually even think the opposite 的 not only…but 递进，把“以为世界在变糟”这层意思推到最强，正是答案落点。

• they actually even think the opposite↔the world is going from bad to worse“想法恰恰相反”=“觉得世界越来越糟”
• many people across advanced economies↔Many people across advanced economies主语原样对应

• B)原词陷阱录音确实说了 the news focuses on reporting catastrophes，但那是讲者解释“为什么人们会有这种错觉”的原因，不是题干问的“那个令人担忧的趋势本身”。听到 catastrophes 原词就选 B，正中圈套。

  借用原文：the news focuses on reporting catastrophes

• C)原词陷阱录音第 5 段才出现 the recent Great Recession，且是作为长期增长中的一次起落被一笔带过，根本不是第 1 段“令人担忧的趋势”。选项 another great recession 借这个眼熟术语骗人，与本题答案句无关。

  借用原文：the recent Great Recession

• D)张冠李戴miserable conditions 出现在第 4 段 has lived under quite miserable conditions，讲的是“历史上很大一部分人曾生活悲惨”，不是“人们没意识到有人过得悲惨”。选项 Many people have no idea of those living under miserable conditions 把第 1 段的 have no idea 和第 4 段的 miserable conditions 拼接嫁接，张冠李戴。

  借用原文：has lived under quite miserable conditions

What does the speaker say about globalization?

判断句 globalization is the only way。讲者用 globalization is the only way forward 直接给全球化下定性判断，is the only way 这种“主语＋系动词＋定性”的结构就是答案信号。再加后半句 economic prosperity is shared among all countries 点明它指向“让所有国家共享繁荣”，与选项口径吻合。

• globalization is the only way forward↔It is the only waythe only way 原义对应
• economic prosperity is shared among all countries↔for all countries to share economic prosperity主被动转换的等值改写

• A)张冠李戴ups and downs 出现在第 5 段 there were many long-lasting ups and downs，讲的是长期增长率有起落，对象是 growth rate，不是题干问的 globalization。选项 It has experienced ups and downs like any other historical trend 张冠李戴。

  借用原文：there were many long-lasting ups and downs

• B)原词陷阱录音第 5 段说 the constancy of the long-run growth rate is actually quite miraculous，被称为奇迹的是“长期增长率的恒定”，不是全球化，且没有 economists and ordinary people 一起称颂之说。选项 hailed as a miracle by both economists and ordinary people 既错对象又无中生有添加了称颂主体。

  借用原文：the constancy of the long-run growth rate is actually quite miraculous

• D)偷换概念原文说的是 globalization 让繁荣由 all countries（所有国家）共享，是范围最大的表述；选项 more and more countries 把‘所有’偷偷缩成‘越来越多’，范围被改小，与讲者口径不符。

  借用原文：shared among all countries

What do we learn about half of the global population?

群体定性句 half…can be considered middle class。末段用 about half of the global population can be considered middle class 给这群人直接下结论，主语正是题干的 half of the global population，谓语 can be considered middle class 就是答案信号。开头的 In fact 起强调收束作用，提示这是讲者要落下的结论。

• can be considered middle class↔can be classified as middle classconsidered=classified 的同义替换
• about half of the global population↔TheyThey 回指题干群体

• A)与原文相反录音第 6 段说全球不平等 on a steady downward trend、这群人的 living standards 在 improvement，整体是向好的；选项 Their fortunes may take a downturn 说他们境况会下行，方向与原文相反。

  借用原文：global inequality has been on a steady downward trend

• C)与原文相反录音说 the improvement of hundreds of millions of people's living standards——living standards 是在改善；选项 Their living standards have been deteriorating 盗用 living standards 原词却把方向反成 deteriorating（恶化），正负颠倒。

  借用原文：the improvement of hundreds of millions of people's living standards

• D)未提及录音对这群人只说“可被视为中产”“生活水平改善”，从未说他们正经历 radical transformation（剧变）。选项 They are experiencing a radical transformation 是录音里没有的说法，无中生有。

What question does the speaker try to answer in this talk?

转折 But + 自问 + The short answer 收束。第一段先铺垫嗅觉很强，随后用 But why do smells sometimes trigger powerful memories, especially emotional ones? 这个 But 引出的设问亮出全文要答的问题，再用 The short answer is 直接给答案；"转折后自问 + 点明答案"正是篇章主问题的落点信号。

• why do smells sometimes trigger powerful memories, especially emotional ones↔Why smells can activate emotional memories.trigger=activate、emotional memories 同指

• B)原词陷阱How powerful the sense of smell can become. 借了开头 the sense of smell is powerful 的 powerful，但那只是第一句的引子铺垫，不是全文要回答的问题；全文问的是"为什么"而非"嗅觉有多强"，范围被放大了。

  借用原文：We all know that the sense of smell is powerful.

• C)原词陷阱How scent particles revive memories forgotten. 几乎照搬录音 scent particles, in general, can revive memories that have been long forgotten，但这句只是引向主问题前的过渡陈述、是"已知现象"，不是讲者要解答的那个"为什么"，属答非所问。

  借用原文：scent particles, in general, can revive memories that have been long forgotten

• D)原词陷阱Why the scent of bread has a strong mental impact. 抓住开头举的 The delicious scent of bread 这个例子，但面包只是说明"气味像时光机"的一个例证，全文并非专讲面包，以偏概全。

  借用原文：The delicious scent of bread, for example, can act like a time machine.

What is said to result in an intimate connection between emotions, memories and scents?

因果指代 That results in 回指前句。录音用 That results in an intimate connection 中的 That 回指紧挨的前一句 Scents are the only sensations that travel such a direct path to the emotional and memory centers of the brain；"That results in"是明确的因果信号，That 指向的那句就是原因，即答案。

• Scents are the only sensations that travel such a direct path to the emotional and memory centers of the brain↔The sensations of scents going directly to the brain's emotional and memory centers.travel a direct path = going directly

• A)原词陷阱The brain cells' processing of memories experienced as strongly emotional. 借了第二段 Brain cells then carry that information 的 brain cells，但那是讲气味信息在脑内传递的中间步骤，且"脑细胞处理被强烈情绪体验的记忆"是生造的说法，并非"造成紧密联系"的原因。

  借用原文：Brain cells then carry that information to the area of the brain where emotions are processed

• B)原词陷阱The activation of the brain's emotion processing area by chemical particles. 借了 the area of the brain where emotions are processed 和 a chemical particle，但这是描述气味信息传到情绪区的过程，不是"唯一直达通路造成紧密联系"这个被点名的原因，属答非所问。

  借用原文：A scent is a chemical particle that floats in through the nose

• C)原词陷阱The interaction between chemical particles and the brain cells responsible for smell. 把 a chemical particle 与 the region of the brain responsible for smell 的词拼成"化学粒子与嗅觉脑细胞互动"，录音并未说二者"互动"造成紧密联系，是生造关系。

  借用原文：the region of the brain responsible for smell, where the sensation is first processed

What does the brain use to give meaning to information and find a memory?

因果 because + 题干原话照应。答案就在 because the brain uses the context to give meaning to the information and find that memory，because 引出原因，且这句与题干 give meaning to information and find a memory 几乎一字不差，紧挨 uses 的宾语 context 即为答案。

• the brain uses the context to give meaning to the information and find that memory↔Context.原文 the context 直接对应选项 Context

• A)未提及Imagination. 在全文没有任何对应，纯属为凑四项而设的无关词，凭"嗅觉勾起想象"的联想去选会落空。
• B)原词陷阱Association. 借了 the associated memory 里的 associated，但那里 associated 只是修饰 memory（相关的记忆），并非大脑"用来"赋义的东西，混淆了修饰成分与答案宾语。

  借用原文：it will be much more difficult to recover the associated memory

• C)答非所问Experience. 很贴合"嗅觉唤起过往经历"的常识印象，录音也用过 encountered / experienced 类近义表达，但讲"赋予意义、找回记忆"时点名的是 context 不是 experience，是常识诱饵。

  借用原文：a person smells something that's connected to a meaningful event in their past

What drawback do memories of scents share with other memories?

让步 notwithstanding 转到 the same drawbacks。末段用 notwithstanding（尽管）作让步转折，明确转到 they have the same drawbacks as other memories，紧跟一句把缺点摊开：They aren't always accurate, and they can change over time；让步转折后的这句就是答案句。

• They aren't always accurate↔Inaccuracy and alterability.aren't always accurate = Inaccuracy
• they can change over time↔alterabilitycan change over time = alterability

• B)过度推断Susceptibility to polar interpretations. 像是从 that memory can become distorted 和 convinced that the memories are accurate, even when they aren't 引申出的"易被两极解读"，但录音说的是"会失真、人却深信准确"，并没有"被正反两极解释"之意，属过度推断。

  借用原文：each time we remember something, that memory can become distorted

• C)未提及Being personal and individualistic. 符合"每人气味记忆不同"的常识，但录音此处讲的是"与其他记忆共有的缺点"，"私人化"既非录音点名的缺点，也不是"共有"的特征，与题干 share with other memories 相悖。
• D)张冠李戴Being dependent on relevant scenarios. 把第四段讲的 The explanation is context. 那类"依赖情景"内容搬到这里，但那是讲"为何有时想不起记忆"，不是末段所说的"共有缺点"，张冠李戴。

  借用原文：because the brain uses the context to give meaning to the information