2021年6月·第2套 英语四级听力真题原文与答案解析

What did the old age pensioner plan to do?

表目的的 on a mission to + decided to。答案信号是表 "目的 / 决意" 的措辞：on a mission to see the Pope（肩负见教皇的使命）和 decided to make his way there（决定前往）。听力里 "on a mission to / decided to / plan to" 后面跟的就是主人公的目标，一听到就锁定，这正是 plan 类题的落点。

• on a mission to see the Pope↔See the Pope.去修饰语后核心动作不变

• B)原词陷阱录音里 trying to get from Newcastle 确实念到了 Newcastle，但那是他的 "出发地"，不是要 "go to" 的目的地。选项 Go to Newcastle. 盗用这个原词，把起点说成终点，听到 Newcastle 就选必中招。

  借用原文：trying to get from Newcastle, Great Britain, to Rome, Italy

• C)答非所问Germany 是他 "误打误撞最后到达" 的地方（ended up in Germany by accident），并非他 "打算" 去的地方。选项 Travel to Germany. 把 "意外结果" 安到 "计划" 头上，正是本题问 plan 时最阴的干扰。

  借用原文：ended up in Germany by accident

• D)偷换概念罗马（Italian city）虽是他的真正目的地，但 Tour an Italian city. 把目的说成 "游览一座意大利城市"，与录音 on a mission to see the Pope（去见教皇）这一明确目的不符——他不是去观光，是去见教皇。选项借意大利城市这层背景来诱选。

  借用原文：on a mission to see the Pope

What finally happened to the old man?

结果词 ended up + by accident。答案信号是表 "最终结果" 的措辞 ended up in Germany by accident：ended up（最终落到…）+ by accident（出于意外）直接点出 "跑错了地方" 这个结局。问 finally happened 的题，就抓 ended up / finally / in the end 这类收束词。

• ended up in Germany by accident↔He ended up in the wrong place.具体地名概括成 wrong place

• A)原词陷阱录音 an ambulance was called to check on the pensioner 是 "叫了救护车来查看"，并没说把他送进医院。选项 He was taken to hospital in an ambulance. 盗用 ambulance 这个原词，再加码成 "被送往医院"，听到 ambulance 就选必错。

  借用原文：an ambulance was called to check on the pensioner

• B)与原文相反车确实 hit a sign（撞了路牌），但录音明说 did not appear to be seriously damaged（看起来没严重损坏）。选项 His car hit a sign and was badly damaged. 前半句盗用原词为真、后半 badly damaged 与原文相反，是典型 "半真半假" 陷阱。

  借用原文：did not appear to be seriously damaged

• C)张冠李戴录音里 GPS 一直正常工作（his GPS system told him he had arrived），错的是老人把目的地 "Rom" 输错了，不是 GPS 坏了。选项 His GPS system went out of order. 盗用 GPS 这个高频原词，硬安一个 "故障" 给它，把人为输错说成机器失灵。

  借用原文：his GPS system told him he had arrived

What do we learn from the news report?

新闻首句即点题。信号是「新闻第一句」：英文短消息几乎都把最重要的事放在开头第一句。Glasgow has pledged to become the first carbon neutral city in the UK. 正是全篇核心事件，主旨题答案就藏在这句里。

• pledged to become the first carbon neutral city in the UK↔pledged to take the lead in reducing carbon emissions in the UK「第一个碳中和」=「带头减排」

• A)原词陷阱A 盗用了录音 the new national target of 2045 里的 national target 一词，编出「苏格兰将提前达成全国减排目标」。但录音只说格拉斯哥要「赶在 2045 全国目标之前（ahead of）」实现零碳，是这一座城市立下承诺，并非「苏格兰整体将提前达标」，属听到 target 就想选的陷阱。

  借用原文：the new national target of 2045

• B)答非所问B 盗用了录音多次出现的 ScottishPower 和 Glasgow City Council，说成「市议会与 ScottishPower 就碳排放达成一桩交易」。录音里二者确有合作（announced a range of strategies），但新闻主旨是「格拉斯哥承诺成为英国首个零碳城市」这件大事，B 把主旨缩成一个次要的「达成 deal」细节，以偏概全。

  借用原文：The city's council and ScottishPower have announced a range of strategies

• D)张冠李戴D 盗用了录音里的 First Minister Nicola Sturgeon 和 ScottishPower 两个专名，编成「Sturgeon 敦促 ScottishPower 减排」。但录音里 Sturgeon 是 welcomed the pledge（对承诺表示欢迎），并没有「敦促」ScottishPower，方向与事实都不符，是把人名拼凑成假信息的张冠李戴。

  借用原文：First Minister Nicola Sturgeon welcomed the pledge

What did ScottishPower's chief executive say ahead of the All Energy Conference?

主张句 we need to… 是落点。信号是说话人亲口的主张句 we need to invest in the technologies and programmes：题问「他说了什么」，答案就在他原话里 we need to（我们需要）这个表态结构后面，这是观点的直接落点。

• we need to invest in the technologies and programmes↔Glasgow needs to invest in new technologies to reach its goal「投资于技术」原意保留，仅换措辞
• make us net zero before anyone else↔to reach its goal「率先实现净零」概括成「达成目标」

• B)原词陷阱B 盗用了录音 a large supply of renewable energy 里的 renewable energy。但说话人说的是「我们已经拥有大量可再生能源」，是现状陈述，并非主张「去探索新的可再生能源来源（explore new sources）」。听到 renewable energy 就选 B 正中圈套。

  借用原文：We have a large supply of renewable energy on our doorstep

• C)未提及C 说「改造格拉斯哥经济需要更严格的监管（Stricter regulation）」。录音里说话人主张的是 invest in the technologies and programmes（投资技术与项目），从头到尾没提 regulation 或加强监管，C 属录音根本没说的内容。
• D)原词陷阱D 盗用了录音 one of the only two low emission zones in action 里的 low emission zones。但说话人是把「已经在运行的低排放区」当作格拉斯哥的现有优势来陈述，并没有主张「有必要尽快多建低排放区（create more … as soon as possible）」，是把现状包装成主张的陷阱。

  借用原文：one of the only two low emission zones in action across the UK

What do we learn from the news report about the Japanese IT firm?

政策核心句直陈。这句用 allowing staff to bring their own cats to work 直接点明政策内容"允许员工带猫上班"，是新闻开头交代"政策是什么"的核心陈述句，无需转折，顺听到"allowing staff…"即可锁定。

• allowing staff to bring their own cats to work↔It permits employees to bring cats into their officeallowing≈permits、staff≈employees

• A)张冠李戴原文确实提到 shelters，也提到给钱，但给钱的对象是"救猫的员工"而非"收容所"。本项 It donates money to overpopulated animal shelters. 把"给员工"偷换成"给收容所"，盗用了原文 overpopulated shelters 这个词来骗你。

  借用原文：rescue cats from overpopulated shelters or streets

• C)原词陷阱原文的 5,000 yen 是发给"救助了猫的人"，不是发给"养宠物猫的员工"。本项 It gives 5,000 yen to employees who keep pet cats. 照搬了 5,000 yen 这个醒目数字，却把领钱条件从"rescue a cat"换成"keep pet cats"，属听到数字就想选的原词陷阱。

  借用原文：He gives 5,000 yen, about 45 US dollars a month to those who rescue a cat

• D)原词陷阱原文 do whatever their little hearts desire 的主语是猫（furry friends），形容猫在办公室自由活动。本项 It allows workers to do whatever their hearts desire. 几乎原句照抄，却把主语从"猫"偷换成"workers（员工）"，是典型原词陷阱。

  借用原文：do whatever their little hearts desire

What does Fukuda encourage his employees to do?

encourages领起的鼓励句。题干问 encourage 什么，原文里正好两次出现 encourage，answer 落在 he also encourages his employees to 后面跟的动词 rescue cats from overpopulated shelters or streets，听到"encourages…to rescue"即可锁定。

• rescue cats from overpopulated shelters or streets↔Rescue homeless catsfrom shelters or streets≈homeless

• A)与原文相反原文说的是把街上的猫"救回来（rescue from streets）"，本项 Keep cats off the street. 借用了"街"这个意象，却说成"让猫别上街"，动作方向正好相反。

  借用原文：rescue cats from overpopulated shelters or streets

• C)原词陷阱本项 Volunteer to help in animal shelters. 盗用了原文出现的 shelters，但原文只说"从收容所救猫"，从没说鼓励员工"去收容所做义工"。听到 shelters 就选 C，正中原词陷阱。

  借用原文：rescue cats from overpopulated shelters or streets

• D)偷换概念原文是"公司给救猫的员工 5,000 日元"，钱是公司发出去的；本项 Contribute to a fund for cat protection. 却说成"员工往护猫基金捐钱"，把给钱方向倒置，且"基金"原文从未出现。

  借用原文：He gives 5,000 yen, about 45 US dollars a month to those who rescue a cat

What does the news report say about the firm's policy?

结尾Still转折后的总评。末段以 Still 转折，把前一段的"小麻烦"翻过去，落到对政策的总评"a tremendous success"，紧接 The policy has led to various other companies doing the same 是结果句——新闻结尾的转折+收束，正是答案所在。

• The policy has led to various other companies doing the same↔It has led some other companies to follow suitdoing the same≈follow suit

• A)过度推断原文只说政策是 a tremendous success（巨大成功），并未说提升了公司"名气"。本项 It has contributed tremendously to the firm's fame. 盗用了 tremendous 这个词，把"成功"擅自推成"出名"，属听到 tremendous 就想选的原词陷阱叠加过度推断。

  借用原文：cats in the workplace have been a tremendous success for the company

• B)未提及本项 It has helped a lot to improve animals' well-being. 听着与"救助流浪猫"沾边，但新闻评价政策结果时讲的是"对公司的成功"和"被别家效仿"，并没有评价它"改善了动物福祉"，这句结论原文未提。
• D)原词陷阱原文确有猫踩电话、踩关机键的内容，但那被归为 some obstacles（一些小障碍），且被末段 Still 转折掉，并非对政策的总体评价。本项 It has resulted in damage to office equipment. 盗用了"电脑/电话"这段细节冒充总评，属原词陷阱。

  借用原文：they shut down the computers by walking onto the off switch

What does the man want to do?

I need to see him 直陈来意。答案信号是男士直接道出目的的句子 I need to see him，加上 I thought I'd come in and check with you——"来打听、确认他的下落"。这是说话人主动交代意图的应答，听到 need to / I thought I'd 就该锁定。

• I thought I'd come in and check with you↔Find out where Jimmy is.check with you=find out where

• B)原词陷阱录音里钱是男士他们"借给"Jimmy（lent him some money），不是向 Jimmy 借。选项 Borrow money from Jimmy. 盗用了"money"和借钱情节，却把方向倒过来，答非所问。

  借用原文：lent him some money

• C)未提及男士只想找到 Jimmy 把欠款的事说清，全程没有"和 Jimmy 交朋友"之意；Make friends with Jimmy. 是凭空添加的。
• D)偷换概念男士是来"打听 Jimmy 在哪"，不是要"问 Jimmy 该怎么处理"；Ask Jimmy what is to be done. 借用了"找 Jimmy、解决问题"的氛围，却把"找到他"偷换成"向他请教对策"。

What do we learn about the man who came to see the woman yesterday?

some other fellow 引入新角色。答案信号是引入新人物的标志句 Some other fellow came in asking for Jimmy just yesterday，紧接着 saying he needed Jimmy for some study project they were working on 就是对他的正面交代。听到"another/some other fellow"就知道题目问的人来了。

• he needed Jimmy for some study project they were working on↔He was working on a study project with Jimmy.几乎直述，仅换说法

• A)张冠李戴对 Jimmy 是个什么人拿不准的是男士本人（后文 I did think it was a bit weird），不是昨天来的那个人；He was unsure what kind of fellow Jimmy was. 把感受安错了人头。

  借用原文：a real nervous, pushy type of fellow

• C)原词陷阱"道歉"出现在女士对 Jimmy 撞车一事的猜测里（if you still wanted to give money as some sort of apology），与昨天来的这个人无关；He wanted to make a sincere apology to Jimmy. 盗用了 apology 一词错接到他身上。

  借用原文：some sort of apology

• D)偷换概念录音说他需要 Jimmy 来做项目（he needed Jimmy for some study project），不是邀请女士加入；He wanted to invite her to join in a study project. 借用 study project 却把对象从 Jimmy 偷换成 her。

  借用原文：he needed Jimmy for some study project

What did Jimmy say happened to him one day?

He told us he'd got into an accident 转述。答案信号是男士转述 Jimmy 原话的句子 He told us he'd got into an accident——"told us"标明这是 Jimmy 说自己遇到的事，正对题干"Jimmy say happened to him"。听到"He told us…"就锁定。

• he'd got into an accident↔He was involved in a traffic accident.got into=be involved in

• A)未提及Jimmy 只说出了事故、撞坏别人车，从没提"超速被开罚单"；He got a ticket for speeding. 是凭空添加的情节。
• B)原词陷阱录音是 he damaged someone's car，撞坏的是"别人的车"；He got his car badly damaged. 盗用 damaged/car，却把"别人的车"偷换成"他自己的车"，所属关系反了。

  借用原文：he damaged someone's car

• D)过度推断录音明说 Nothing serious，受伤动手术更无从谈起；He had an operation for his injury. 借"accident"联想到受伤手术，属过度推断。

Why did Jimmy borrow money according to the man?

But I thought…So… 男士给出原因。答案信号是转折 But 之后男士自己的推断 But I thought maybe he doesn't want his parents to know about what happened，加因果 So。题干限定 according to the man，而这正是男士（the man）给出的原因，转折+因果信号双重锁定。

• he doesn't want his parents to know about what happened↔He wanted to conceal something from his parents.not want parents to know=conceal from parents

• A)未提及全程没有"捐款给慈善"之说；He needed to make some donations to charity. 是凭空添加。
• B)原词陷阱录音里 just 60 pounds between the three of us 说的是三人借出的总额，不是 Jimmy"口袋里丢了 60 镑"；He found the 60 pounds in his pocket missing. 盗用数字 60 pounds 编造"丢钱"情节。

  借用原文：just 60 pounds between the three of us

• C)未提及借钱缘由是赔偿撞车、瞒着父母，从无"为母亲生日买礼物"；He wanted to buy a gift for his mother's birthday. 凭空捏造。

What did the woman want to ask Max about?

开场"I wanted to ask you about…"直接点题。女方开口的 I wanted to ask you about ordering shopping online 用 "I wanted to ask you about…" 这一典型的挑明话题句式，直接交代了她来请教的事，是开场点题信号。

• ordering shopping online↔Shopping onlineordering shopping online压缩为Shopping online

• A)原词陷阱下文 I love getting my shopping delivered 反复出现 "送货" 一词，Shopping delivery 正是盗这个原词。但女方开口请教的话题是 "网购"（online），送货只是网购的一个环节、是男方后面才展开的内容，并非她问的主题，答非所问。

  借用原文：I love getting my shopping delivered

• C)答非所问录音结尾女方才问 which supermarket do you think is the best to order from（去哪家订），Where he goes shopping 像是套这处 "where/哪家"，但那是对话末尾她自己抛出的新问题，而非她一开始来请教的主题；且问的是 "哪家超市" 不是 "他在哪买"，方向也偏。

  借用原文：which supermarket do you think is the best to order from

• D)未提及How often he does shopping 问购物频率，但全篇没有任何关于 "多久买一次" 的内容，是利用选项里 shopping 一词凑出的无中生有项。

What does the man think is a problem with shopping in supermarkets?

他用"再也不用……"反衬出实体购物的麻烦。男方夸网购好时，用一串 "no…"、"trying to… then not being able to…" 反衬实体购物的烦恼，其中 trying to park the car on those huge supermarket car parks then not being able to find it again 把 "停车难、停完找不到车" 当成最具体的一桩麻烦点出，这处对比式抱怨就是答案信号。

• trying to park the car on those huge supermarket car parks then not being able to find it again↔Getting one's car parked把停车找车的长句概括为Getting one's car parked

• A)未提及Searching in the aisles（在超市货架通道里找东西）是实体购物常见的麻烦联想，但录音里男方只抱怨了拎袋子和停车，从没提过 "在货架间找东西"，属凭常识补出来的未提及项。
• B)偷换概念录音出现 park the car on those huge supermarket car parks，满是 car、car parks 等开车相关词，Dealing with the traffic 借这股 "开车" 气味把麻烦偷换成 "应付交通/堵车"，可录音说的是 "停车找不到车"，不是路上交通，概念被换了。

  借用原文：trying to park the car on those huge supermarket car parks

• C)张冠李戴Driving too long a distance（开太远）像是搭后文 I live quite far away from my local supermarket 的 "住得远"，但那是男方在第6段讲网购更省钱时提的省油背景，并非他这里点名的实体购物麻烦；本题问的麻烦是停车，不是开车距离，张冠李戴了。

  借用原文：I live quite far away from my local supermarket

What is the woman's concern about shopping online?

转折But+反问how do you know引出疑虑。女方用 But there must be some problems 的转折先表态有顾虑，再用 how do you know that you won't get bad fruit 的反问点出具体担心，转折 But 加反问句是她抛出 concern 的双重信号。

• bad fruit, or that the eggs won't be broken↔The quality of food products坏水果\碎鸡蛋上升为食品质量

• A)答非所问The after-sales service（售后服务）像是搭男方后文 they will give you the money back or replace the item 的处理措施，但那是男方解释 "出问题怎么办"，不是女方的担心；况且女方担心的是收到坏东西本身，不是售后，答非所问。

  借用原文：they will give you the money back or replace the item

• B)原词陷阱录音男方说 replace the item（换货），The replacement policy（退换政策）正是盗 replace 这个原词。但那是男方的解决办法，不是女方的担心；女方的 concern 是食物质量，不是退换政策，原词陷阱。

  借用原文：they will give you the money back or replace the item

• D)偷换概念女方提到 the eggs won't be broken（鸡蛋别碎），The damage to the packaging（包装破损）借这个 broken 把 "食物本身坏/碎" 偷换成 "外包装破损"。可她担心的是水果坏、蛋碎这种食物质量，不是包装，概念被悄悄换了。

  借用原文：the eggs won't be broken

What does the man find about shopping online?

I found that+cheaper\saving的结论评价句。男方用 I actually found that it was cheaper for me 直接下结论，又用 I'm actually saving on petrol 点明省的是油钱，"I found that…" 加比较级 cheaper、saving 是给网购下正面结论的答案信号。

• it was cheaper for me↔It saves moneycheaper等于saves money
• I'm actually saving on petrol↔It saves moneysaving on petrol是saves money的具体落点

• B)未提及It offers more choice（网购选择更多）是网购公认的好处之一，但录音里男方只讲了省钱、省力、食品一样好，从没提过 "选择多"，属凭常识补的未提及项。
• C)过度推断男方开头说 I love getting my shopping delivered，It increases the joy of shopping（增加购物乐趣）像是顺着这个 "love" 推出来的，但 "喜欢送货上门" 不等于 "购物变得更快乐"，且本题问的是他 find 的好处，他明确 find 的是省钱，把喜好夸大成乐趣属过度推断。

  借用原文：I love getting my shopping delivered

• D)偷换概念录音说网购 makes life so much simpler，It is less time-consuming（更省时）像是从 "生活更简单、不用拎袋停车" 推出的省时，但 "省力、简单" 不等于 "省时间"，而他明确 find 的好处是 cheaper（省钱），把省力偷换成省时了。

  借用原文：It makes life so much simpler

What did a recent study find about some British children?

found 后接结论加 This means 解释。信号有两层：先是 A recent study found that 直接打出「研究发现」的旗号，这后面就是答案区；紧接着 This means they have overwhelming negative emotions towards the subject 用 This means 把「数学焦虑」翻译成大白话——正是这句「换种说法解释」给出了答案。听到 found 锁定区域、听到 This means 锁定那一句。

• overwhelming negative emotions towards the subject↔strong negative emotions towards mathoverwhelming=strong、the subject=math
• ranging from rage to despair↔strong negative emotionsrage 到 despair 是 negative emotions 的具体化

• A)原词陷阱little talent for learning math 借了话题词 math 来制造熟悉感，但录音通篇讲的是「情绪」，从没说这些孩子「缺乏天赋」——恰恰相反，后文还强调他们能力中上。这是把「焦虑」想当然地等同于「没天赋」的常识误判。

  借用原文：suffer from math anxiety

• B)原词陷阱medical help for math anxiety 原样搬来录音的 math anxiety，又把后文的身体症状 a racing heart or struggling to catch breath 误读成「需要医疗帮助」。但录音只是描述症状，从没说这些孩子需要看病求医，属于借原词、推过头。

  借用原文：a racing heart or struggling to catch breath

• C)未提及extra help to catch up in the math class 蹭了 math 这个话题，但「需要额外帮助跟上数学课」在录音里完全没有对应——录音讲的是情绪，不是学业进度落后。属于无中生有的干扰。

What is the widespread misunderstanding about math anxiety?

widespread misunderstanding that 直接引出误解内容。信号词是 a widespread misunderstanding that——它和题干用词几乎一模一样，that 后面那句就是误解的具体内容。紧跟的 People automatically assume 再用「人们想当然地以为」把同一误解复述一遍，进一步坐实。听到 misunderstanding that 就锁后半句。

• only low performing children suffer from math anxiety↔It affects low performing children onlysuffer from 换成 affects，主被动对调

• A)未提及It will gradually pass away without teachers' help. 说焦虑会在没有老师帮助下自行消退——录音从没这么说，反而强调 in the long term their performance is negatively affected（长期看会损害成绩）。属于录音没提、且与原意相悖的编造。
• C)偷换概念It is related to a child's low intelligence. 借了录音 low performing 里的 low，把「成绩差（low performing / poor achievers）」偷换成了「智力低（low intelligence）」。录音谈的是学业表现，从没说焦虑跟智商有关，是典型的偷换概念。

  借用原文：only low performing children

• D)原词陷阱It exists mostly among children from poor families. 蹭了话题词 children，又把录音的 poor achievers（成绩差的人）误读成 poor families（贫困家庭）——poor 一词两义被混用。录音从未把焦虑和家庭贫富挂钩，属误读原词。

  借用原文：they are poor achievers

What does the passage say about British students with math anxiety?

But 加 importantly 加 surprisingly 三重强调收尾。信号极强：But importantly—and surprisingly 同时用了转折 but、强调 importantly、反直觉 surprisingly 三个标记叠在一起，等于作者在大喊「这句才是重点」。篇章独白里这种结尾的强调句几乎必是考点。听到 but 加 surprisingly，立刻把后面整句记下。

• the majority of students experiencing math anxiety↔Most of themthe majority of=Most of
• have normal to high math ability↔have average to strong math abilitynormal=average、high=strong

• B)与原文相反Most of them get timely help from their teachers. 录音恰恰相反：their math anxiety will go unnoticed because their performance is good——因为成绩好，焦虑往往被忽视、得不到关注，谈何「及时得到老师帮助」。这是与原文相反的干扰。

  借用原文：their math anxiety will go unnoticed

• C)未提及They will regain confidence with counselling. 里的 counselling（心理咨询）在录音里从头到尾没出现过，「靠咨询恢复信心」完全是编造。录音只提到 a subsequent lack or loss of confidence（信心丧失），但从没说怎么靠咨询找回。
• D)原词陷阱They are mostly secondary school students. 借了录音 in both primary and secondary school 里的 secondary school，却偷偷把「小学和中学都有」缩成「主要是中学生」。录音明说两个学段都受影响，选项却用 mostly 把范围卡死，属范围偷改。

  借用原文：both primary and secondary school

What conclusion has the World Health Organization come to recently?

主语复现 + now 标志新结论。录音里 And now, the World Health Organization has recognized addiction to computer games as a disease. 同时出现了题干要找的主语"World Health Organization"和时间标志"now"（如今、最近），这正是题干 recently 对应的那处"新结论"，是典型的答案句信号。

• recognized addiction to computer games as a disease↔Addiction to computer games is a disease."认定…为疾病"="…是疾病"

• A)原词陷阱录音第 1 段确实提到 social media、第 2 段提到这是健康相关的话题，A 就把"social media"和"health"拼成"社交媒体成瘾威胁健康"，但 WHO 下结论的对象是电子游戏成瘾、不是社交媒体，听到熟词就选会掉进这个坑。

  借用原文：text messages and social media

• B)原词陷阱录音开头说 People spend a lot of time using phones and computers.，B 就顺势说"太多人沉迷智能手机"，可录音的结论针对的是"游戏成瘾"而非"手机成瘾"，且"太多人"是它没下过的数量判断，属于借原词制造的干扰。

  借用原文：People spend a lot of time using phones and computers.

• D)与原文相反D Computer games can be rather addictive. 只是说游戏"挺容易让人上瘾"，这是第 2 段开头家长老师的担忧口吻 these games might be addictive，远没到 WHO"认定为疾病"的硬定性；问的是 WHO 的结论，就必须取那句最重的定性，故 D 程度偏轻、被排除。

  借用原文：these games might be addictive

What is said of people with addictive behavior?

指示词"Such people"领起对该类人的刻画。录音用 Such people make computer games a priority over their responsibilities. 中的"Such people"（这类人）回指上文的成瘾者，正是题干"people with addictive behavior"指向的对象，这句对其行为的概括就是答案句信号。

• make computer games a priority over their responsibilities↔They prioritize their favored activity over what they should do."把游戏看得比责任重"="把爱做的事置于该做的事之上"

• B)未提及B They do their favored activity whenever and wherever possible. 说成瘾者"随时随地都玩"，但录音从头到尾没说过"whenever and wherever（任何时间任何地点）"，它只说这些人拿游戏顶替了上学、工作、社交 They may play games instead of attending school, or work, or socializing.，"随时随地"是凭常识脑补出来的。
• C)原词陷阱C They are unaware of the damage their behavior is doing to them. 说成瘾者"意识不到自己受的伤害"，录音确实提到这种行为会 damage a person's relationships or performance（损害关系或表现），但只说"有危害"，从没说成瘾者"没意识到"，C 把"有危害"偷换成了"本人不自知"。

  借用原文：damage a person's relationships or performance at school or work

• D)未提及D They are unable to get rid of their addiction without professional help. 说成瘾者"离了专业帮助戒不掉"，录音通篇在讨论"算不算病"，从未提及"professional help（专业帮助）"或"戒不掉"，这是套用对"成瘾"的刻板印象添加的内容。

What do some behavior experts think of addiction to computer games?

转折词 Still 领出反对声音。录音用 Still not all behavior experts agree. 中的"Still"（不过、然而）把语气从前文 WHO 的定论转向反方，紧接着的 Some argue that there's not enough research 才是这"某些专家"的真实立场——转折之后才是落点，这正是态度题最典型的答案信号。

• there's not enough research on the subject↔There is not enough evidence to classify it as a disease."研究不够"="证据不足以定性为疾病"

• A)原词陷阱A It may be less damaging than previously believed. 说"危害可能比以前认为的小"，录音里反方专家质疑的是"研究够不够、能不能现在就定性"，从没比较过"危害大小"，damaging 一词虽在第 3 段出现过 damage a person's relationships，但"less damaging（危害更小）"是录音没有的比较。

  借用原文：damage a person's relationships or performance at school or work

• B)过度推断B There will never be agreement on its harm to people. 说"永远不会就其危害达成一致"，录音只说现在"not all…agree（并非都同意）"、还需要更多研究，是"暂时未达成一致"，绝不是"永远不会一致"，never 把话推到了录音没有的极端。

  借用原文：Still not all behavior experts agree.

• C)未提及C It may prove to be beneficial to developing creativity. 说游戏成瘾"可能有益于培养创造力"，录音通篇在争论"算不算病"，从未出现 beneficial（有益）或 creativity（创造力）任何相关内容，这是凭空添加的好处。

What do we learn about most European passports?

听到题干对象就锁定。录音念到 most European countries prefer a shade of red，正好对应题干的 most European passports，这就是答案句的信号——题干问什么对象，录音里点到这个对象的那一句即是答案句。紧接其后的 That's almost brown 补出近棕色的细节。

• most European countries prefer a shade of red↔They are a shade of red bordering on brown.原话原词搬进选项
• That's almost brown↔bordering on brownalmost 与 bordering on 同义

• A)原词陷阱relatively uniform in color and design 借了原文反复出现的 color、design 话题词制造熟悉感，但录音说欧洲护照偏爱某种红色，并未说各国颜色与设计相对统一，属于听到原词就想选的原词陷阱。

  借用原文：slight variations

• B)张冠李戴more formal than other passports 把后文第 4 段讲深色封面显得正式 they appear more official 张冠李戴到欧洲护照颜色这题上，且 formal 与 official 近义诱人，但本题问的是欧洲护照颜色，不是封面为何显正式。

  借用原文：they appear more official

• D)与原文相反vary in color from country to country 与录音相反——录音强调 most European countries prefer a shade of red，即多数欧洲国家偏爱同一种红色，是趋同而非各国不同，选项把意思反了。

  借用原文：most European countries prefer a shade of red

What does the passage say about the design of passports?

转折 but 后是真意。There are no official rules 先说没有官方规定，but 之后才转到 countries follow a certain set of norms when designing them，转折 but 后面才是设计这一问的落点——前半的没有规定是干扰铺垫。

• follow a certain set of norms↔follow some common standardsnorms 与 standards 同义
• countries follow↔They must follow动词 follow 对应

• A)原词陷阱endure wear and tear 里的磨损来自第 4 段 hide dirt and wear，录音确实念过 wear，但那是讲深色封面能藏脏污磨损，不是回答护照设计要遵守什么，听到 wear 就选即落入原词陷阱。

  借用原文：hide dirt and wear

• B)原词陷阱of the same size 看似与第 2 段 size 沾边，但录音只说建议各国采用合适的类型、尺寸与样式，从未说护照必须大小相同，属借 size 一词的原词陷阱兼未提及。

  借用原文：size

• C)原词陷阱made from a rare material 借了第 3 段 made from a material 的 material 一词，但录音只要求材料能弯折，从未说稀有，rare 是凭空加上去的，属原词陷阱。

  借用原文：made from a material that bends

Why are dark colors chosen for passport covers?

because 引出原因。录音 Simply put 提示要给结论，紧接 because they appear more official 用 because 直接交代原因——这正是 Why 题的答案信号，because 后面那句即是答案。

• they appear more official↔They look more official.appear 与 look 同义

• A)原词陷阱look more traditional 与正确项 look more official 仅一词之差，traditional（传统）与 official（官方）近义易混，但录音 because 后说的是 more official，从未说 traditional，命题人就靠这对近义词诱你听岔。

  借用原文：more conservative colors

• C)张冠李戴favored by airlines 蹭了第 2 段提到的国际民航组织 The International Civil Aviation Organization 这一航空背景，但录音从没说深色封面受航空公司青睐，把民航组织硬扯成 airlines 偏好，属张冠李戴。

  借用原文：The International Civil Aviation Organization

• D)答非所问easily identifiable 是另起的一个特征，录音讲深色封面的原因是显官方、还能藏脏污磨损 hide dirt and wear，从未说深色是为了易于辨识，与本题原因不符，属答非所问。

  借用原文：hide dirt and wear

What is one special function of the images inside many passports?

function as 点出作用。录音 which also function as security features 用 function as 直接点明图案的作用是安全防伪——这正是问 function 一题的答案信号，function as 后面的 security features 即答案落点。后半的 only visible under a special light 是对这一安全功能的解释。

• function as security features↔For security.security 原词即功能

• A)过度推断For beauty. 看似与内页印著名地理风貌、野生动物图案 images of their well-known geographical features and wildlife 沾边，会让人觉得图案是为好看，但录音说的功能是安全防伪，从未说为了美观，属过度推断兼未提及。

  借用原文：images of their well-known geographical features and wildlife

• B)答非所问For variety. 蹭了录音讲各国内页图案不同、内页比封面有变化这层意思 the same cannot be said for the pages，但那是说内页设计较多样，不是图案的功能，把内页多样性误当成图案功能，属答非所问。

  借用原文：the same cannot be said for the pages

• C)原词陷阱For visibility. 直接盗用录音 only visible under a special light 里的 visible 一词，且与正确项 For security 拼写相近极易混，但原文说的是图案只在特殊光下可见、这恰恰服务于安全防伪，可见只是手段、安全才是功能，听到 visible 就选即落入原词陷阱。

  借用原文：only visible under a special light