2024年6月·第1套 英语六级阅读理解（四选一） 第 1 篇 · 46–50 题答案与解析

What is one of the factors contributing to failure of intervention in face of risky behavior in the workplace? 用 What 直接问一个具体因素，答案落点为原文明确给出的某项 factor，是典型客观细节题。

主干为 What is one of the factors，后接现在分词短语 contributing to failure of intervention 作定语修饰 factors，再用介词短语 in face of risky behavior in the workplace 限定场景。结构平铺直叙，无陷阱。

• A)无中生有

  P2 列举的三个因素中并无 Slack supervision style（监管松懈）。supervisors 在 P4 P8 才出现，且讨论的是是否亲自干预，与「监管风格松懈」无关。

• B)✓ 正确
  • the company's culture needs to make them feel safe to speak up↔Unfavorable workplace culture

  原文说「需要文化让人敢说」，预判答案是「文化不让人敢说」，B 项 Unfavorable workplace culture 正是这一缺失态的同义改写，因此锁定 B。

• C)与原文相反

  they need to be able to see a risky situation beginning to unfold 说的是「员工要能预见风险」，而 Unforeseeable risk 反过来说「风险无法预见」，与原文方向相反；且不在 P2 的三因素列表中。

• D)偷换概念

  they need to have the communication skills to say something effectively 说的是「需要具备沟通技能」，强调的是个人技能层面；而 Blocked communication 说「沟通被阻塞」，把「技能不足」偷换为「通道被堵」，对象完全不同。

What does the author mean by 是经典的释义提问框架，答案为原文对该术语的同义解释。

主干 What does the author mean by，by 后跟引号词作宾语，括号内 (Para. 3) 为定位提示。结构清晰，无陷阱。

• A)偷换概念

  they need to worry about their personal safety 把原文「无人干预他人」的话题偷换成「担心自身安全」，自身安全在 P3 里根本未提及。

• B)答非所问

  The more people who witness an event, the less likely anyone will venture to 后半句 venture to 后无宾语，句子残缺；即便补全也只是 the more people who witness an event, the less likely anyone in that group is to help the victim 的 bystander effect 释义，而题干问的是 diffusion of responsibility 这一更深层心理机制，对应的是 P3 后半句而非这句。

• C)偷换概念

  people idling around on the street 把原文 stand idly by 的「袖手旁观者」读成「街上闲逛的人」，并称他们「需要被照顾」，与 diffusion of responsibility 的心理机制无关。

• D)✓ 正确
  • the larger the crowd, the more people assume that someone else will take care of it↔The more people are around, the less chance someone will step forward to intervene

  选项 D 的两段比较级与原文的两段比较级一一对应：人多→人多假定→更少人出手干预，与预判「越多越没人挺身而出」严丝合缝，故锁定 D。

What happens when unsafe behavior at the workplace is not addressed by the leaders? 问「当条件 X 成立时结果是什么」，答案为原文明文给出的客观后果。

主干 What happens when，when 引导时间/条件状语从句，从句主语 unsafe behavior at the workplace，谓语为被动语态 is not addressed by the leaders。注意被动否定结构，主体是「领导层不去处理」。

• A)✓ 正确
  • it creates the precedent that this is how these situations should be addressed↔No one will intervene when they see similar behaviors

  结合上下文（领导没干预+形成先例），先例的具体内容就是「对类似行为不干预」，选项 A 正是该先例的客观转述，故锁定 A。

• B)过度推断

  原文只说形成「该这样处理」的先例，并未评价它是 the easiest way；且「危机处理」角度也是 crisis 强加的描述。

• C)无中生有

  Workers have to take extra caution 在原文中找不到根据，原文是说大家集体不干预，并非「工人变得更小心」。

• D)与原文相反

  Workers are left to take care of the emergency themselves 说工人会自己去处理紧急情况，而 P5 的逻辑是「没人去处理」，方向完全相反。

What is the ultimate reason workers won't act when they see unsafe operations? 直问最终原因，答案为原文一句明文判断，非推断。

主干 What is the ultimate reason，后接省略了 why/that 的定语从句 workers won't act，再嵌套时间状语从句 when they see unsafe operations。注意「won't act」等价于「don't intervene」。

• A)答非所问

  Preference of deferring the action to others 对应 they tend to prefer to defer that action to someone else for all future situations，但这是 Unsuccessful attempts in the past（过去失败经验）的副产品，是 another strong contributing factor，不是 ultimate factor。

• B)无中生有

  Anticipation of leadership intervention 在 P6 没有依据。文中 P4 P5 提到 leadership 不干预，但谈的是「领导自己不出手」形成先例，而非「员工等领导干预」。

• C)无中生有

  Fear of being isolated by coworkers 中「被同事孤立」在 P6 罗列的几种 fear（penalty / do more work / unsuccessful attempts）中并无对应。

• D)✓ 正确
  • a fear that they'll have to do more work if they intervene↔Fear of having to do more work

  原文罗列了两类 fear，选项 D 把第二类「怕多干活」原样收纳，与预判完全一致，故锁定 D。

What is critical to ensuring workplace safety? 问「对确保职场安全至关重要的是什么」，答案为原文显式给出的某项做法，非主旨概括。

主干 What is critical to ensuring workplace safety?，critical to 后接动名词短语 ensuring workplace safety 作介词宾语。注意 to 是介词不是不定式，故跟动名词。结构无陷阱。

• A)无中生有

  Workers be trained to operate their equipment properly 中「培训工人正确操作设备」在原文中无对应；without the proper equipment 谈的是「没有合适设备」，与「培训操作设备」不是一回事。

• B)过度推断

  Workers exhibiting at-risk behavior be strictly disciplined 中「对有风险行为的工人进行严厉惩戒」，P6 只是说工人怕 penalty，不代表全文主张要 strictly discipline，原文并未把「严厉惩戒」作为确保安全的做法。

• C)✓ 正确
  • build a safety climate within their team that supports intervening↔Supervisors create a safety environment for timely intervention

  主语对位（Supervisors↔Supervisors）、动作对位（build↔create）、对象对位（safety climate↔safety environment）、目的对位（supports intervening↔for timely intervention），与预判一致，故锁定 C。

• D)以偏概全

  Supervisors conduct effective communication with frontline workers 抓住了 open communication，但漏掉原文核心 build a safety climate within their team that supports intervening——主管的关键不仅是沟通，而是建立支持干预的安全氛围；且 communication with frontline workers 把原文 open communication among them（团队内部沟通）偷换为「主管与一线工人之间的沟通」，对象错位。