2024年6月·第1套 英语六级听力真题原文与答案解析

What does the woman say she will do?

被问者的直接应答 + I wish to 表态。上一句男方问 Have you agreed to my last proposal?，女方紧接着应答 I have, indeed. And I wish to sign the agreement pending one small change，这句既是被问者的直接回应，又含 I wish to 的明确表态，正是答案句。

• I wish to sign the agreement↔Sign the agreementI wish to do = 表示要做该动作
• pending one small change to be made to the contract↔if one small change is made to itpending = if，都是 "先改一处为条件"

• A)原词陷阱A 借了男方话里的 my last proposal 拼成 Reply to the man's last proposal within a short time.，可她在 I have, indeed 里已经回复并表态要签，根本没说 "短时间内回复"，within a short time 是凭空加的。

  借用原文：Have you agreed to my last proposal?

• C)张冠李戴C 的 Make a sponsorship deal for her client at the meeting. 用了录音里的 make a sponsorship deal for your clients，但那是男方反问 "你到底要不要做这笔交易"，并非女方此刻 "我要做什么" 的回答；本题问的是她当下表态，答案是签约。

  借用原文：Are you sure you want to make a sponsorship deal for your clients

• D)原词陷阱D 的 Give the man some good news regarding the contract. 盗了男方那句 please give me some good news，那是男方的请求 / 期待，女方并没说 "我要给你好消息"，她说的是愿意签约。

  借用原文：please give me some good news

What does the man say about some people he represents?

因果 because 后给出他对己方人员的真实描述。他用 because, frankly, some people at my end are running out of patience，because 引出对 "我这边的人" 的实情描述，frankly（坦白说）更是加重语气的强调信号，这句就是答案句。

• running out of patience↔becoming impatientrunning out of patience = impatient，同义改写

• B)原词陷阱B 的 time is running out 盗用了录音 running out of patience 里的 running out，却把宾语偷换成 time。录音里耗尽的是耐心，不是时间，B 在 running out 后面动了手脚。

  借用原文：running out of patience

• C)答非所问C 的 used to making alterations 取自录音 making alterations，但那是男方说双方 "这一年来回改来改去" 的背景，不是在描述 "我方那些人现在什么状态"，答非所问。

  借用原文：we've been through this for almost a year now, back and forth, making alterations

• D)张冠李戴D 的 concerned about the details 实际对应女方后面说的 We therefore comb through the fine details of all contracts，那是女方一边推敲细节，与男方所说 "我那边的人没耐心" 是两拨人、两回事。

  借用原文：We therefore comb through the fine details of all contracts

What reason does the woman give for the new deal to exclude the Middle East?

in order to / therefore 双因果信号引出真目的。她先讲客户在中东另有营销意向，再用 Therefore, in order to avoid any conflict, we would need to ensure that both marketing campaigns do not overlap geographically，therefore 与 in order to 双双标出这是给理由的句子，正是答案句。

• in order to avoid any conflict↔To avoid any conflict of interest.avoid any conflict 与选项几乎原义对应
• both marketing campaigns do not overlap geographically↔conflict of interest两活动地域不重叠 = 不产生利益冲突

• A)原词陷阱A 的 To prevent geographical discrimination. 蹭了录音 overlap geographically 里的 geographically，造出 "地域歧视"。原文讲的是两个营销活动地域别重叠，与 "歧视" 毫不相干，是借词造假。

  借用原文：both marketing campaigns do not overlap geographically

• B)答非所问B 的 To tap the food and beverage market. 用了录音 our food and beverage market，但那是男方在第12段说自家所属行业，与女方排除中东的理由无关；她的理由是避免冲突，不是去开发某市场。

  借用原文：So long as the product is very different from our food and beverage market

• D)未提及D 的 To reduce unfair competition. 听着像商务套话，但录音通篇没说要减少不公平竞争，她讲的是避免客户形象在同一地域撞车的利益冲突，competition 一词原文压根没出现。

What does the man say about the Middle East?

他对中东的直接评价句 + 形容词 negligible。他直说 The Middle East is a negligible market for us，主系表结构直接给出评价形容词 negligible，是对中东的正面定性句，正是答案句；后半 but 起的只是补充程序，不改这句评价。

• a negligible market for us↔a negligible market for his companyfor us = for his company，几乎原义

• A)与原文相反A 的 It is a potential market for food and beverage. 把中东说成 "有潜力"，与他原话 a negligible market（可忽略）正好相反；food and beverage 又是蹭了他讲己方行业的熟词，双重误导。

  借用原文：The Middle East is a negligible market for us

• B)张冠李戴B 的 It is very attractive for real estate developers. 借了女方说的中东 Real estate，但那是女方客户在中东另有房地产营销意向，并非男方对中东市场的评价，张冠李戴。

  借用原文：Real estate

• D)偷换概念D 的 It is very different from other markets. 盗用了 the product is very different from our food and beverage market 里的 very different，但原文说的是 "产品" 与食饮市场不同，不是说 "中东市场" 与别的市场不同，主语被偷换。

  借用原文：So long as the product is very different from our food and beverage market

What does the woman say about all the astronomers at the Denver Observatory?

被问者的直接应答。男士在 what is the big story over there? 抛出问题，女士开口第一句 all the astronomers on site here are very excited 就是直接应答，对话题的答案落在回答方，这句即落点。

• all the astronomers on site here are very excited↔They are thrilled by a rare astronomic phenomenon.excited 同义改写为 thrilled

• B)张冠李戴录音 congregating on mountain tops 确实念到"山顶"，但那是"聚集去观星"，不是 celebrating a big event on mountain tops 的"在山顶庆祝"，且主语是北美各地爱好者，非天文台的天文学家。

  借用原文：congregating on mountain tops tonight to watch the night's sky

• C)原词陷阱开头 a special science-related news story 念到"科学相关"，C 项 enthusiastic about big science-related stories 直接搬这串词，但录音说的是天文学家"为这次天象兴奋"，不是"热衷各种科学新闻故事"，把对一次具体天象的兴奋偷换成对科学故事的泛泛热衷。

  借用原文：a special science-related news story

• D)张冠李戴录音 space enthusiasts all across North America 说的是"北美各地的爱好者要聚集"，D 项 joined by astronomers all across North America 把它改成"天文台的天文学家被北美各地天文学家加入"，主语和事件都被偷换，原文没有这层意思。

  借用原文：space enthusiasts all across North America and the rest of the Northern Hemisphere will be congregating

What do we learn from the conversation about the Oppenheimer comet?

正面定性句 + 时间数字。女士直接给彗星定性 It is the closest our planet has been to such a phenomenon in over 100 years，"closest…in over 100 years" 把"距离最近"和"百年"绑在一起，是带数字的定性句，正是答案落点。

• the closest our planet has been to such a phenomenon in over 100 years↔It will come closest to Earth in more than one hundred years.主被动对调 + 数字同义

• A)原词陷阱录音后文 this formidable object 确有 "formidable"，A 项 the most formidable of its kind in over a century 便把"百年"嫁接到"最厉害"上；但原文里"百年"修饰的是"距离最近"，从没说它是百年来"最厉害"的，是把数字按到了错的形容词上。

  借用原文：in order to see this formidable object

• C)过度推断eclipse many other such events in human history 借"eclipse"（此处作动词"使相形见绌"）和前文 Is there an eclipse happening soon? 的"日食"玩文字游戏，原文从没说这颗彗星"使人类历史上其他天象相形见绌"，属凭空拔高。

  借用原文：Is there an eclipse happening soon?

• D)原词陷阱seen most clearly from Denver's mountain tops 把前文 the Denver Observatory 的"丹佛"和 mountain tops 的"山顶"拼到一起，但原文只说爱好者会聚到山顶观星，从没说"从丹佛的山顶看得最清楚"，是把零散原词攒成一句没说过的话。

  借用原文：congregating on mountain tops tonight to watch the night's sky

What does the woman say people will only see in the sky without a telescope?

条件 without one + only 直陈。这句用 without one（one 指代上文 telescope）锁定"不用望远镜"的前提，再用 only see a blur 直说看到什么，前提和结果都摆明，是答案句。

• People will only see a blur without one↔blur.原句直取，前提一致

• B)未提及录音通篇没说不用望远镜会看到"星星"，Stars. 是凭"看星空"的常识脑补出来的，原文只说看到"一团模糊"。
• C)原词陷阱on the edge of our galaxy 念到"星系边缘"，但那是说彗星"所在的位置"，不是"不用望远镜看到的东西"，C 项 The edge of our galaxy. 把"它在哪"偷换成"看到什么"。

  借用原文：The Oppenheimer comet will still be millions of miles away, on the edge of our galaxy

• D)与原文相反wonder at this flying object 念到 "flying object"，但那是"用普通望远镜能观赏到的彗星"，D 项 An ordinary flying object. 把它挪到"不用望远镜"的前提下——条件正好反了，不用望远镜只见模糊团，看不清是个"飞行物"。

  借用原文：Even the most ordinary of telescopes should be conducive for people to observe and wonder at this flying object

What do scientists at the Denver Observatory advise amateurs do to facilitate their observation?

建议句 + 与题干同词 facilitate。女士转述科学家的建议 there are plenty of phone apps that will facilitate this，"scientists…told me"对应题干的"scientists advise"，"facilitate"与题干 facilitate their observation 同词，是答案句。

• there are plenty of phone apps that will facilitate this↔Make use of phone apps.存在句 → 祈使建议

• A)与原文相反录音 that does not mean one needs professional equipment 明确说"并不需要专业设备"，A 项 Use professional equipment. 直接搬这串原词却把否定改成肯定，意思正好反了。

  借用原文：that does not mean one needs professional equipment

• B)原词陷阱录音 congregating on mountain tops 念到"山顶"，B 项 Climb to the nearby heights.（爬到附近高处）借此设套，但那是说爱好者去哪儿聚集，不是科学家"为方便观测给的建议"，问的根本不是同一件事。

  借用原文：will be congregating on mountain tops tonight to watch the night's sky

• C)原词陷阱录音 The comet will be almost exactly due north 念到"正北"，那是在说彗星"在天上的位置"，C 项 Fix their eyes due north. 把"它在正北方"偷换成"建议人们眼睛盯着正北"，而科学家给的方便观测的办法是用 app，不是"盯着北方"。

  借用原文：The comet will be almost exactly due north, at 60 degrees above the equator

What question is said to have recently stirred debate?

冒号后正面点出争论问题。信号是 one question has recently stirred debate: 这一句——它直接照应题干 stirred debate，而冒号之后的 should consumers be warned to avoid ultra-processed foods? 才是被点名的那个争论问题，冒号在这里起「即将给出答案」的提示作用。

• should consumers be warned to avoid ultra-processed foods?↔Whether consumers should be warned against ultra-processed foods.疑问句→Whether名词从句，warned against=warned to avoid

• B)原词陷阱B Whether there is sufficient scientific consensus on dietary guidelines. 借用了录音里 strong scientific consensus 这个原词，但原文说的是「围绕大多数指南已存在强共识」，共识是既定背景、不是争论的问题；真正起争论的是冒号后那句，B 答非所问。

  借用原文：While there is strong scientific consensus around most existing guidelines

• C)原词陷阱C Whether guidelines can form the basis for nutrition advice to consumers. 几乎照搬开篇 Dietary guidelines form the basis for nutrition advice，但原文这句是肯定的陈述（指南本就是营养建议的基础），并非被拿来争论的疑问，C 把陈述句伪装成争论点。

  借用原文：Dietary guidelines form the basis for nutrition advice and regulations around the world.

• D)未提及D Whether food scientists will agree on the concept of ultra-processed foods. 用了话题词 ultra-processed foods，但「食品科学家是否会就这一概念达成一致」原文根本没说——录音争论的是「要不要警告消费者」，不是「科学家认不认这个概念」，属无中生有。

How does the system developed by Monteiro and colleagues classify foods?

专名+classifies…by 直接给出分类标准。信号是题干专名 Monteiro 在录音里复现，紧跟的 classifies foods by their degree of industrial processing 用 classify…by… 句式正面给出分类依据，这句就是答案句。

• by their degree of industrial processing↔By the degree of industrial processing.近乎原话对应，仅去掉物主代词

• C)原词陷阱C By the extent of chemical alteration. 来自后一句 alter them with chemicals——但那句是在「定义什么叫超加工食品」，分类的标准是「工业加工程度」，化学改变只是超加工这一端的特征描述，不是整套系统的分类轴，C 答非所问。

  借用原文：alter them with chemicals in order to formulate the final product

• A)未提及A By the labor cost for the final products. 里 final products 蹭了原文 formulate the final product 的字眼，但「按人工成本分类」录音从没说过；原文提到的是 cheap（便宜），与「人工成本」不是一回事，属无中生有。
• D)与原文相反D By the convention of classification. 借了 food classification 里的 classification 一词，但原文恰恰强调这套系统是「超越」传统分类的——第2段说要 beyond conventional food classification systems，方向正好相反，D 取了被否定的那一端。

  借用原文：beyond conventional food classification systems

What is consumption of ultra-processed foods linked with, according to studies?

Studies have linked…with 正面给出关联后果。信号是 Studies have linked consumption of ultra-processed foods…with weight gain and an increased risk of chronic diseases，与题干 linked with…according to studies 措辞高度对应，linked…with 后面的内容就是答案；注意中间被 salt/sugar/fat 的插入语隔开，要听完整句。

• an increased risk of chronic diseases↔Greater risk of chronic diseases.increased=greater，risk of chronic diseases 同义保留

• A)未提及A Increased consumers' expenses. 蹭了第3段超加工食品 designed to be cheap 的语境联想，但原文说这类食品「便宜」，恰恰不是「让消费者花费增加」；研究关联的是健康后果，不是花钱，A 属无中生有。
• C)未提及C People's misunderstanding of nutrition. 借了全文反复出现的 nutrition 话题词，但「人们对营养的误解」录音从没说过；研究关联的是体重和疾病，不是认知误解，C 无中生有。
• D)未提及D Children's dislike for unprocessed foods. 用了第3段 unprocessed 一词，但「孩子不喜欢未加工食品」录音完全没提，且把话题从「健康后果」偷换成「儿童口味偏好」，属无中生有。

What do psychologists say people do when they are short of resources?

题干信号词 psychologists 顺听定位。题干问的是 psychologists（心理学家）的说法，录音里恰有 According to psychologists 这一引述信号，紧跟其后的 you actually begin to see the world differently 就是答案句；篇章题题目多与录音同序，听到 psychologists 就知道答案落在它后面那句。

• begin to see the world differently↔begin to see the world in a different way副词换介词短语

• A)原词陷阱A 用了全文话题词 constraints，但 think of the benefits of constraints（想到约束的好处）是录音从未说过的动作，录音说的是人开始换个方式看世界，A 只是借 constraints 这个耳熟的词诱你误选。

  借用原文：human creativity benefits from constraints

• B)未提及B 说人去 seek solutions from creative people（向有创造力的人求解），录音通篇讲的是人自己换方式看世界、自己更灵活地用资源，从没说去向别人求助，属无中生有。
• C)原词陷阱C 出现 maximize their mental energy，录音确有 dedicate your mental energy（投入心智能量）这个词，但原文说的是把心智能量投入到更灵活地行动，不是 maximize（最大化）能量本身，C 盗用 mental energy 这个原词却篡改了它的动作。

  借用原文：you dedicate your mental energy to acting more resourcefully

What does the passage say about innovation?

段首定性句直接定义。第三段开头 Innovation is a creative person's response to limitation. 是一句标准的 X is Y 定性句，主语正是题干的 innovation；篇章题里这种段首主语直接成句的定义往往就是答案句，听到 Innovation is 就该锁定。

• a creative person's response to limitation↔a creative person's response to limitation罕见的近乎原句对应

• A)偷换概念A 说创新 characteristic of all creative people（所有有创造力的人的特征），录音说的是创新是有创造力者对限制的回应，并没有断言它是所有这类人都具备的特征，all 把范围说死，属偷换概念。

  借用原文：The most successful creative people know that constraints give their minds the impetus to leap higher.

• B)过度推断B 说创新 essential to pushing society forward（对推动社会前进至关重要），录音有 impetus（推动力）一词，但说的是约束给人的头脑以跃升的推动力，并非创新对推动社会前进必不可少，B 把对象偷偷拔高到社会层面，过度推断。

  借用原文：constraints give their minds the impetus to leap higher

• D)原词陷阱D 说创新是 impetus to socio-economic development（社会经济发展的推动力），impetus 虽是原词，但 socio-economic development（社会经济发展）录音从头到尾没提，纯属拿原词拼接出一个原文没有的结论。

  借用原文：constraints give their minds the impetus to leap higher

What did a 2015 study by Ravi Mehta and Meng Zhu find?

人名加 found that 引出发现。录音里 Ravi Mehta 与 Meng Zhu 两个人名后紧跟 found that，这是研究发现的标志信号，that 引导的从句就是答案内容；听到人名加 found that，答案句必在其后。

• no incentive to use what's available to them in novel ways↔no incentive to use available resources in new ways近义词逐处替换

• A)与原文相反A 说 Scarcity or abundance of resources has little impact on people's creativity（资源稀缺或充裕对创造力影响不大），录音确实研究了 scarcity or abundance 如何影响创造性用资源，但结论恰恰是影响很大、稀缺反而激发创造，A 把研究的对象词盗来却得出与原文相反的结论。

  借用原文：how thinking about scarcity or abundance influences how creatively people use their resources

• B)答非所问B 说 Innovative people are not constrained in connecting unrelated concepts（创新者在联结不相关概念时不受约束），录音末句确有 connecting unrelated ideas and concepts 这个搭配，但那是说持续的约束帮助人更善于联结不相关概念，并非这项 2015 研究的发现，B 把别处的原词搬到研究结论上，答非所问。

  借用原文：Consistent constraints help you improve at connecting unrelated ideas and concepts.

• D)原词陷阱D 说 Creative people tend to consume more available resources（有创造力的人倾向消耗更多现有资源），available resources 蹭了原文的词，但 consume more（消耗更多）录音从未提及，录音讲的是以新方式使用资源，不是消耗更多，纯属编造。

  借用原文：use what's available to them in novel ways

What did Marissa Mayer once write concerning creativity?

题干限定词 creativity 锁后半句。Mayer 的引述有前后两句，前半 Constraints shape and focus problems 主语是约束，后半 Creativity thrives best when constrained 主语才是 creativity；题干限定 concerning creativity，信号就是这个限定词，答案锁后半句。

• Creativity thrives best when constrained↔It thrives best when constrained.代词 It 回指 creativity

• A)未提及A 说创造力 key to a company's survival（对公司生存至关重要），虽然录音提到 Mayer 曾是 Google 的副总裁，但她写的话里根本没提公司生存，A 凭 Google 这一职务背景臆造出公司话题，属未提及。
• B)张冠李戴B 说 It shapes and focuses problems.，这句确实摘自 Mayer 的话 Constraints shape and focus problems，但原文该动作的主语是 Constraints（约束）不是 creativity，题干问的是关于 creativity 的内容，B 把约束做的事安到了创造力头上，主语张冠李戴。

  借用原文：Constraints shape and focus problems

• C)原词陷阱C 说创造力 essential to meeting challenges（对应对挑战至关重要），录音里 challenges 一词出自 provide clear challenges to overcome，说的是约束提供需克服的挑战，而非创造力对应对挑战必不可少，C 盗用 challenges 偷换了逻辑关系。

  借用原文：provide clear challenges to overcome

Why does the speaker say strategies for managing conflicts can always be changed?

because 直接交代原因。这句里 because it is learned, we can always change it 是赤裸裸的因果结构："because + 原因"紧跟着"can always change"。原因题听到 because 就锁这句，不必再听后文。

• because it is learned↔Because they are learned.几乎原句搬到选项

• B)原词陷阱录音确实说过 We just do whatever seems to come naturally，但那是讲"我们平时不自觉、顺其自然地行事"，并非"策略能被改变的原因"。B 把这个原词搬来当原因，恰恰用反了——天生自然反而是难改的那一面。

  借用原文：We just do whatever seems to come naturally

• C)偷换概念录音提到策略是 a personal strategy（个人的），C 顺势造出 they have to be properly personalized（必须妥善个性化）。但录音从没说"必须被个性化"是它能改变的原因，这是把"个人的"偷换成"必须个性化"的无中生有。

  借用原文：a personal strategy

• D)答非所问录音末尾确有 more effective ways，D 据此说 there can be more effective strategies。但"有更有效的策略"在录音里是"改变之后能达到的效果/途径"，不是"能改变"的原因；真正的原因是它习得（learned）。D 把结果当成了原因。

  借用原文：more effective ways of managing conflicts

What is said to affect the way one acts in a conflict?

原句直接出现 affect。这句的主干就是 How important your personal goals are and how important the relationship is to you affect how you act，动词 affect 与题干 affect 同词出现，谓语前的两个主语（目标重要性、关系重要性）即所求，是教科书式的"信号词同词复现"定位点。

• How important your personal goals are and how important the relationship is to you↔The importance of one's goals and of the relationship.句子改名词化

• A)未提及A 说 The extent of difference and of similarity between the two sides.（双方差异与相似的程度）听上去很学术，但录音通篇没说"差异/相似程度"会影响行为。这是凭"冲突=双方有分歧"的常识脑补出来的，原文无据。
• B)原词陷阱B 说 The knowledge of the specific expectation the other side holds.（了解对方的具体期待）。录音确实反复说到"the other person"，但从没说"知道对方期待什么"会影响你的行为，影响行为的是你自己目标和关系的重要性。B 借了"对方"这个原词，却安了个录音没说的内容。

  借用原文：keeping a good relationship with the other person

• D)原词陷阱D 说 The approaches one adopts to conflict management.（处理冲突所采取的方法）。这正是整篇的大主题词 managing conflicts，但题目问的是"什么影响你的做法"，而"做法本身"不能影响"做法"，逻辑上自指。D 盗用了贯穿全文的话题词来冒充答案。

  借用原文：strategies for managing conflicts

Of the five styles the speaker discusses, which views conflicts as problems to be solved?

原句逐字复述特征。第 6 段开头先报名字 The owl，紧接着 Owls view conflicts as problems to be solved 与题干 views conflicts as problems to be solved 几乎一字不差。匹配题里，题干特征在哪段被原样念出，那段的主角就是答案。

• Owls view conflicts as problems to be solved↔The owl.特征绑定到名字

• A)答非所问A 是 The fox.。狐狸的特征是 both sides gain something（双方各让一步、各得一点），属于折中妥协，录音没说狐狸"把冲突看作待解决的问题"。它和 owl 都偏正面，最易混，但定性不同。

  借用原文：They seek a solution to conflicts where both sides gain something.

• C)与原文相反C 是 The shark.。鲨鱼的特征是 overpower opponents by forcing them to accept their solution（强压对方、逼其接受），与"把冲突当问题来解决"正相反。鲨鱼追求一方赢一方输，绝非协商解决。

  借用原文：Sharks try to overpower opponents by forcing them to accept their solution

• D)与原文相反D 是 The turtle.。乌龟的特征是 withdraw into their shells to avoid conflicts（缩进壳里逃避冲突），它连面对都不愿意，更谈不上"把冲突当问题来解决"，与题干特征截然相反。

  借用原文：Turtles withdraw into their shells to avoid conflicts.

What do scientists hope to do by cracking the genetic code of plants and animals?

目的信号 to help 后面接落点。答案句靠目的状语 to help save species from extinction and boost human health 中的 to help 锁定——"做基因测序"的目的正写在 to help 之后，这正是题干 hope to do 要的那一层。

• save species from extinction and boost human health↔Help save species from extinction and boost human health.选项几乎原句搬来，只在前面加 Help

• B)答非所问本项 Understand how plants and animals perished over the past. 借了"动植物消亡"的料（呼应录音第 3 段大量物种灭绝的描述），但说的是"理解过去它们如何消亡"，而录音目的是"拯救现在的物种"，把"救（未来）"偷换成"懂（过去）"，答非所问。

  借用原文：has already led to the loss of at least 77 species of mammals and 140 types of birds since 1500

• C)原词陷阱Help gather information publicly available to researchers. 直接搬了录音 all the information will be publicly available to researchers，但那是说"项目完成后信息将公开给研究者"，是项目的副产品，不是"破解基因码"这一动作的目的，典型原词陷阱。

  借用原文：all the information will be publicly available to researchers

• D)原词陷阱Find out the cause of extinction of Britain's 66, 000 species. 搬了录音 Britain's 66,000 species 这个醒目数字，又拼上"找灭绝原因"，但录音从没说目的是"查灭绝原因"，且 66,000 是英国测序的物种数、与"破解基因码的目的"是两码事，原词＋无中生有。

  借用原文：Britain's 66,000 species of animals and plants

What do many scientists believe with regard to earth?

观点信号 Many scientists believe 直接引出。答案句由 Many scientists believe that earth has now entered the sixth mass extinction 这个观点引导句锁定——题干 believe 与原文 believe 对齐，believe 后的 that 从句就是"许多科学家相信什么"的答案。

• earth has now entered the sixth mass extinction↔It has entered the sixth mass extinction.earth→It，其余原句保留

• A)原词陷阱It was once dominated by dinosaurs. 蹭录音里的 dinosaurs，但原文说的是 the biggest loss of species since the dinosaurs were wiped out 66 million years ago——恐龙是被灭绝来做"损失之大"的参照，录音从没说"地球曾被恐龙统治"，纯属听到 dinosaurs 就想选的陷阱。

  借用原文：since the dinosaurs were wiped out 66 million years ago

• C)偷换概念Its prospects depend on future human behaviour. 说"地球前景取决于未来人类行为"，录音第 4 段虽提到 a window on the future，但那是讲项目能模型化未来，并非"许多科学家相信地球前景取决于人类未来行为"，把别处的零碎拼成新断言，无中生有。

  借用原文：a window on the past gives you a prospective model on the future

• D)原词陷阱Its climate change is aggravated by humans. 抓住录音 habitat loss, pollution and climate change 里的 climate change 单独放大，但原文是"栖息地丧失、污染、气候变化"三者并列、共同构成有毒组合，单拎一项当作"科学家相信地球如何"，以偏概全。

  借用原文：a toxic mix of habitat loss, pollution and climate change

How does Sir Jim Smith, Director of Science at Wellcome, describe the Darwin Tree of Life Project?

评价语气：I can't think of a more… 是变相最高级。答案句靠 I can't think of a more exciting, more relevant, more timely or more internationally inspirational project 这个"想不出更…的"否定结构锁定——"想不出比它更…的"等于"它是最…的"，是说话人对项目的最高评价。

• I can't think of a more exciting, more relevant, more timely or more internationally inspirational project↔It is the most exciting, most relevant, most timely and most internationally inspirational."想不出更…的"="最…的"，比较级转最高级

• A)原词陷阱It dwarfs all other efforts to conserve, protect and restore biodiversity on earth. 蹭了录音 conserve as well as protect and restore biodiversity 的原词，但说"它使其它一切保护努力相形见绌"是录音没有的比较，且这是 Jim Smith 的评价题，A 拼的是别处第 3 段的料，张冠李戴。

  借用原文：bolster efforts to conserve as well as protect and restore biodiversity

• B)答非所问It is costly to get started and requires the joint efforts of thousands of scientists. 蹭了录音 cost £100 million 与众多科学家协作的料，但这是讲项目的成本与规模，是客观事实，不是 Jim Smith"如何形容/评价"项目，答非所问。

  借用原文：it is expected to take 10 years and cost £100 million

• C)过度推断It can help to bring back the large numbers of plants and animals that have gone extinct. 用了录音常出现的"动植物灭绝"原词，但录音只说项目能助保护、记录生命，从没说能"把已灭绝物种带回来"，明显过度推断。

  借用原文：we desperately need to catalogue life on our fragile planet now

What is indeed just an illusion according to Professor Tom Oliver?

原句直陈定性。答案句直接用 human individuality is indeed just an illusion 把某概念点定为"幻觉"，is just an illusion 这种判定句就是信号，听到"X 其实只是个幻觉"就锁定 X。

• human individuality↔Human individuality.原词直接对应

• C)原词陷阱The Copernican revolution. 盗用了录音第二段反复出现的 Copernican，但哥白尼革命是讲者用来作类比的"参照"，不是被称为幻觉的对象，属听到 Copernican 就想选的原词陷阱。

  借用原文：the so-called Copernican Revolution

• B)原词陷阱Social evolution. 借了录音 the cultural evolution of human minds 里的 evolution 一词，但"社会／文化演化"是讲者描述心智发展的背景，并未被定性为幻觉。

  借用原文：A significant milestone in the cultural evolution of human minds

• A)偷换概念Cultural identity. 与录音 cultural level 的 cultural 沾边，但讲者说的是"文化层面的联系"，从未把"文化身份"称为幻觉，属偷换概念。

  借用原文：at a mental, physical, and cultural level

What does Professor Tom Oliver think of the idea that we exist as independent selves at the centre of a subjective universe?

转折However后是真意。句首 However 转折之后才是讲者真正要表达的态度，他把那个想法称为 one more big myth to dispose of（又一个要破除的迷思），处置动词 dispose of 直接给出否定态度。

• one more big myth to dispose of↔a delusion to be disposed ofmyth=delusion同义替换

• D)原词陷阱rooted in the mindset of the 17th century 盗用了录音开头 wrote in the 17th century 的时间词，但 17 世纪说的是 John Donne 写诗的年代，讲者从未说那个"独立自我"的想法植根于 17 世纪心态，属原词陷阱。

  借用原文：wrote in the 17th century

• C)张冠李戴a myth spread by John Donne's poem 把"迷思"归因到 John Donne 的诗，盗用了开头出现的 John Donne，但讲者引 Donne 的诗恰恰是支持"人互相连接"，并非说这首诗散布了迷思，属张冠李戴。

  借用原文：every man is a piece of the continent, a part of the main

• B)未提及prevalent even among academics（连学者中都很普遍）原文从未提及，讲者只说这是普遍的 illusion，没有专门强调"在学者中尤其普遍"，属未提及。

Why does Professor Tom Oliver claim that the material "us" is constantly changing?

因果so前是原因。句中 so the material "us" is constantly changing 的 so 是结果标志，so 之前的 most have a lifespan of just a few days or weeks 就是讲者给出的原因，正是 Why 题要找的依据句。

• most have a lifespan of just a few days or weeks↔most of our body cells can only live a few days or weekslifespan改写为can only live

• B)原词陷阱ample scientific evidence at the University of Reading 盗用了录音第一段介绍学者时的 the University of Reading，但那只是说明他的任职单位，原文从未说他在该校获得了大量科学证据，属原词陷阱。

  借用原文：Professor Tom Oliver, a researcher in the Ecology and Evolution group at the University of Reading

• A)答非所问He believes in Copernican philosophical doctrines about the universe. 又借 Copernican 一词，但本题问的是"物质之我为何在变"，答案是细胞寿命，与哥白尼无关，属答非所问。

  借用原文：Just as Copernicus realised the Earth is not the centre of the universe

• C)偷换概念He has found that our inner self and material self are interconnected. 听上去与全篇"互相连接"主旨呼应，但原文并未以"内在自我与物质自我相连"来解释物质之我为何变化，是偷换概念、答非所问。

  借用原文：We are intimately connected to the world around us.

How can we solve pressing environmental and societal problems according to Professor Tom Oliver?

only by引出唯一途径。句中 only by realising we are part of a bigger entity 用 only by 引出唯一解决途径，only by 这种限定条件结构是答案信号，听到"只有……才能解决……"就锁定 by 后面的办法。

• realising we are part of a bigger entity↔becoming aware that we are part of a bigger worldentity改写为world

• D)未提及By making joint efforts resolutely and persistently（坚定持久地共同努力）听上去正确且积极，但原文给的办法是"意识到自己属于更大整体"，并未说靠"坚定持久的共同努力"，属未提及的正确话陷阱。
• B)偷换概念By realising that we all can do our own bit in such endeavours（意识到人人能尽一份力）借了 realising 一词，但原文 realising 后接的是"我们是更大整体的一部分"，不是"人人能尽一份力"，属偷换概念。

  借用原文：only by realising we are part of a bigger entity

• A)未提及By coming to see how disruptive such problems have got to be（认清这些问题有多具破坏性）原文并未把"看清问题严重"作为解决之道，讲者给的解法是意识到自己属于更大整体，属未提及。