2018年6月·第1套 英语四级听力真题原文与答案解析

What is the news report mainly about?

新闻首句即中心句。这句是录音的开头第一句 A message in a bottle sent out to sea by a New Hampshire man more than five decades ago was found 1,500 miles away and has been returned to his daughter.，新闻播报惯于把最核心的事件放在导语首句，它把瓶中信、被发现、归还给女儿三件事一次说全，正是全篇主线。

• has been returned to his daughter↔The return of a bottled message to its owner's daughter动词转名词的同义改写
• A message in a bottle↔a bottled message短语等价改写

• B)原词陷阱原文确实提到这位男子写字条是 as a joke（开个玩笑），B 盗用了 joke 这个原词诱你选；但原文从没说这玩笑是开给 friends 朋友、更没说开在 his wife 妻子身上，B 把玩笑的对象凭空换成了朋友和妻子，且玩笑只是背景细节、撑不起全篇主旨。

  借用原文：Her father had written the notes as a joke

• C)答非所问原文是讲过一位父亲为女儿留下字条这件事，C 借此设套；但 A father's message for his daughter. 只截取了故事的起因，丢掉了这封信漂流五十年又被陌生人寻回归还的核心情节，作为主旨太窄，覆盖不了首句强调的 return 归还这条主线。

  借用原文：The motel was owned by the parents of Paula Pierce

• D)原词陷阱原文出现了 Beachcomber Motel、The motel was owned by the parents of Paula Pierce，D 盗用 motel 这个原词；但旅馆只是字条里留的归还地址这一背景，原文根本没讲它的 history 历史、也没说它 century-old 有百年，D 是顺着熟词造出的跑题项。

  借用原文：owners of the Beachcomber Motel

Why did Paula Pierce give Clint Buffington the reward?

给酬金动作旁的动机句。答案就在描述给酬金这个动作的同一句里 She held up to her father's promise, giving Buffington that reward.——前半句 held up to her father's promise 正是她给酬金的原因，后半句 giving Buffington that reward 才是行为本身，原因与行为同句出现，是最直接的动机信号。

• She held up to her father's promise↔She wanted to honor her father's promise动词近义替换

• A)未提及原文末句确有 the biggest reward is the message in a bottle finding its way back home 谈到这件事温暖的一面，A 借这种暖意诱你联想到感激；但原文从没说她给酬金是为了 show gratitude 表达感激、也没提对方的 kindness 好意，给酬金的真正原因是守父亲承诺，A 属凭印象添的动机。
• C)偷换概念原文反复出现 father 和 promise，C 盗用 her father 这个原词，且 She had been asked by her father to do so. 与正确项只差一层意思，极易混；但原文说的是字条是父亲多年前写下的承诺、由她主动信守，并没有父亲当面 asked her 要求她这么做这一情节，C 把主动守诺偷换成被父亲吩咐。

  借用原文：She held up to her father's promise

• D)答非所问原文确实提到字条上是父亲 had written the notes 亲笔写的，D 盗用 father、handwriting 相关的线索；但 She was excited to see her father's handwriting. 说的是看到父亲笔迹很激动，这是一种情绪反应，答的根本不是 Why 给酬金这个问题，与题干所问错位。

  借用原文：Her father had written the notes

Why were spraying operations carried out in Dorchester County?

carried out to 直接交代目的起因。答案句里 carried out to combat the Zika virus 用‘carried out to + 动词’点明喷药的目的就是‘对抗 Zika 病毒’，这正是题干 Why 要的起因。‘to + 动词’的目的结构就是原因题的答案信号。

• carried out to combat the Zika virus↔Several cases of Zika disease had been identified为对抗病毒 ↔ 已确认有病例
• four travel-related cases of Zika disease have been confirmed↔Several cases of Zika disease had been identifiedfour…confirmed ↔ Several…identified

• A)答非所问录音确实反复提到 bees 大量死亡，A 的 concerned about the number of bees 借了‘蜜蜂数量’这个听感很熟的点。但蜜蜂死亡是喷药的‘后果’，不是喷药的‘起因’；喷药的起因是对抗病毒。A 答非所问，把后果当成了原因。

  借用原文：left more than 2 million bees dead on the spot

• C)原词陷阱录音念到 more than 2 million bees dead（两百多万只蜜蜂死亡），C 的 Two million bees were infected with disease 直接搬来 ‘Two million’ 这个数字来骗‘听到了就想选’。但蜜蜂是被喷药‘毒死’的，不是‘感染疾病’；得病的是人（有病例），不是蜜蜂。C 偷换了死因，是典型原词陷阱。

  借用原文：left more than 2 million bees dead on the spot

• D)张冠李戴录音里 Zika、destroyed 这两个词都真出现过——农场主说农场 looks like it's been destroyed，但毁掉蜂场的是‘喷的药’，不是‘Zika 病毒’。D 的 Zika virus had destroyed some bee farms 把毁场的元凶张冠李戴给了病毒，强加了错误因果。

  借用原文：looks like it's been destroyed

What does the news report say about Flowertown Bee Farm?

专有名词后紧跟的损失陈述。Flower Town Bee farm 这个名字出现后，紧跟的 The farm lost about 2.5 million bees 直接交代了这家农场的遭遇，正是题干 ‘say about Flowertown Bee Farm’ 要的内容。专有名词后第一句关于它的陈述就是答案句。

• The farm lost about 2.5 million bees↔It lost a huge stock of beeslost 2.5 million bees ↔ lost a huge stock of bees

• A)张冠李戴录音里 apologized 确实念到了——但道歉的是 Dorchester County officials apologized（多切斯特县官员道歉），不是这家农场，更没说向 ‘customers（顾客）’道歉。A 的 It apologized to its customers 把道歉者从‘县政府’张冠李戴成了‘农场’，主体搞反。

  借用原文：Dorchester County officials apologized for the accidental mass killing of bees

• B)原词陷阱录音里 kill 出现在 accidental mass killing of bees（意外大规模杀死蜜蜂）和县经理那句 so many bees were killed，B 借了 ‘kill’ 这个词。但蜜蜂是被喷药‘误杀/意外致死’的，农场是受害者，并非 ‘forced to kill its bees（被迫杀死自己的蜂）’。B 把‘被误杀’偷换成‘被迫主动杀’。

  借用原文：accidental mass killing of bees

• D)原词陷阱录音念到 lost about 2.5 million bees，单位是‘只蜜蜂’；D 的 It lost 2.5 million dollars 直接搬来 ‘2.5 million’ 这个数字，却把单位偷偷换成 dollars（美元）。录音从没说损失了多少钱，D 是靠数字相同来骗选的原词陷阱。

  借用原文：The farm lost about 2.5 million bees

What do we learn about the first flight of the Airlander 10?

紧跟开头点题句的首句事实，含时间数字。新闻在首句 The world's largest aircraft has taken to the skies for the first time. 点题后，紧接着用 spent nearly two hours in the air 给出首飞的核心事实，时间数字就是答案信号——新闻里报出的具体数字几乎必是考点。

• spent nearly two hours in the air↔It stayed in the air for about two hours.spent...in the air = stayed in the air；nearly two hours = about two hours

• B)原词陷阱选项 It took off and landed on a football field. 盗用了录音里的 as long as a football field 和 taken off：但 football field 是用来形容它“和足球场一样长”的体型，不是起降地点；真正的起飞地是 Coddington Airfield in Bedfordshire，且录音根本没说在球场降落，属听到原词就误选。

  借用原文：as long as a football field

• C)未提及选项 It proved to be of high commercial value. 在录音里找不到对应：原文只说造价、载重、噪音排放，从未评价它“已证明有高商业价值”；这是把首飞事实拔高成商业结论的合理想象。
• D)与原文相反选项 It made a series of sharp turns in the sky. 盗用了录音 performed a series of gentle turns 里的 a series of...turns，但偷偷把 gentle（平缓）改成了 sharp（急），程度正好相反；听到“一连串转弯”就选，会栽在这个程度词上。

  借用原文：performed a series of gentle turns

What causes the US government to abandon the Airlander 10 as a spy aircraft?

因果信号 following 紧跟在 abandoned 之后。答案信号是 abandoned following budget cutbacks 里的 following——它等于“由于/在……之后”，紧跟其后的 budget cutbacks 就是导致放弃的原因；following 在这里就是 because of 的同义因果词，听到它要立刻抓后面的名词。

• budget cutbacks↔Inadequate fundingbudget cutbacks（削减预算）≈ inadequate funding（资金不足）

• A)未提及选项 Engineering problems 在录音里没有任何依据：原文讲放弃的原因只有预算削减，从没说出过技术/工程故障；这是凭“高科技飞行器易出技术问题”的常识脑补的原因。
• B)原词陷阱选项 The air pollution it produced 盗用了录音里的 pollution 一词，但原文 emitting less pollution 说的是它“排放更少污染”、是优点，根本不是被放弃的原因；听到 pollution 就选，正好掉进原词陷阱并且把优点错当原因。

  借用原文：emitting less pollution

• D)未提及选项 The opposition from the military 借“为美国政府研发的侦察机”勾起军事联想，但录音只字未提军方反对；developed for the US government 只说明用途，没说军方反对它，属听到军事背景就顺势脑补。

What is the advantage of the Airlander 10 over huge jet planes?

than huge jet planes 的对比句，重点落在 less noise/less pollution。答案信号是 than huge jet planes 这个明确对比——它把本物和题干里的 huge jet planes 摆在一起比，紧接着的 producing less noise and emitting less pollution 给出环保维度的优势，正是答案落点。

• producing less noise and emitting less pollution↔It is more environmentally friendly.less noise + less pollution 概括为 more environmentally friendly

• A)原词陷阱选项 It uses the latest aviation technology. 借录音末尾的 the aviation administration 等航空字眼制造“高科技”印象，但原文从没说它用了“最新航空技术”；这是听到 aviation 就联想“先进技术”的原词/话题陷阱。

  借用原文：the aviation administration

• B)答非所问选项 It flies faster than a commercial jet. 盗用了对比结构 than...jet，但录音里和 jet planes 比的是 carry heavier loads（载重更重），从没说飞得更快；把对比维度从载重/环保偷换成速度，是答非所问。

  借用原文：can carry heavier loads than huge jet planes

• C)未提及选项 It is a safer means of transportation. 在录音里没有依据：原文讲的优势是载重大、噪音小、污染少，从没说它“更安全”；这是把“好处”顺手脑补成“安全”的合理想象。

What does the woman think of climate change?

转折 but 后才是真态度。前半 It's an important subject, I agree 是先让一步，真正的态度在 but I'm not in the mood for anything depressing 这个转折之后——but 后面那句才是女士对这话题的真实评价。

• anything depressing↔a depressing topic原词 depressing 直接对应
• it sounds really awful↔a depressing topicawful 与 depressing 同向负评

• B)It sounds quite alarming. 的 alarming（令人警觉）在录音里从未出现，女士说的是 awful、depressing，是另造了一个情绪词来混淆，与原文不符。
• C)It has little impact on our daily life. 说"对日常生活没什么影响"，但录音里女士承认 It's an important subject（这是个重要话题），恰恰认为它重要，C 与原文意思相反。
• D)It is getting more serious these days. 说气候变化"越来越严重"，听感上与 It's an important subject"重要"沾边，但 important（重要）不等于 getting more serious（越来越严重），且女士全程没说"越来越严重"，是借"重要"的语感诱选。

  借用原文：It's an important subject

Why do the speakers give up going to the Spanish Dance Festival tonight?

否定句 that's no good 引出原因。女士先在前一段问几点开演、男士答 At 7:30.，紧接着女士说 that's no good（那不行），后面那句 We haven't got enough time to get there 就是放弃的真正原因——否定评价后紧跟的解释句即落点。

• We haven't got enough time to get there↔They can't make it to the theatre in time时间不够 = 来不及赶到

• A)原词陷阱The man doesn't understand Spanish. 借了录音里 Spanish Dance Festival 的 Spanish 一词，但录音从没说男士"听不懂西班牙语"，这是听到 Spanish 就想选的典型原词陷阱。

  借用原文：Spanish Dance Festival

• B)The woman doesn't really like dancing. 说女士不喜欢跳舞，可录音里她明明说 I love dance（我喜欢跳舞），态度恰好相反，B 与原文反向。

  借用原文：I love dance

• C)未提及They don't want something too noisy. 说"不想要太吵的"，但录音里两人放弃舞蹈节的理由是时间，从没提"吵"，这一项属无中生有。

What does the critic say about the comedy performed at the City Theatre?

最高级 the funniest…ever 是落点。The critic in the local paper says it's the funniest thing he's ever seen 用了最高级 the funniest…he's ever seen（他看过最有趣的），最高级常是答案信号，且明确标出说话人是 the critic，正好对上题干问的主语。

• it's the funniest thing he's ever seen↔It is the most amusing show he has ever watchedfunniest = most amusing 最高级对最高级

• A)It would be more fun without Mr. Whitehead hosting.（没 Whitehead 主持会更好玩）盗用了录音里的人名 Mr. Whitehead，但嫌他不好笑的是女士 I'm not keen on him. He's not very funny.，不是评论家；题干问的是 critic，这是张冠李戴。

  借用原文：He's not very funny

• B)It has too many acts to hold the audience's attention. 借了录音 lots of different acts（很多不同节目）里的 acts 一词，但原文是中性陈述"有很多节目"，绝没有说"节目太多抓不住观众注意力"，是把"多"歪曲成"太多以致没法吸引人"。

  借用原文：lots of different acts

• D)It is a show inappropriate for a night of charity. 说它"不适合慈善之夜"，但录音里它正是 a charity comedy night，评论家还夸它最好笑，根本没说"不合适"，D 与原文相反、属无中生有。

  借用原文：charity comedy night

What does the woman decide to do tomorrow?

拍板句 Okay, let's…。Okay, let's go to see the dance 是女士的最终决定句，Okay, let's… 是典型的拍板信号；后半 But tomorrow, not tonight 又点明是明天，正好对上题干的 tomorrow。

• let's go to see the dance↔Go and see the dance几乎原话对应
• But tomorrow, not tonight↔Go and see the dance时间对上题干 tomorrow

• A)Watch a comedy. 借了录音里出现过的 a comedy special 的 comedy 一词，但喜剧是两人最终没选的那个（女士嫌主持人不好笑），决定看的是舞蹈，这是听到 comedy 就想选的原词陷阱。

  借用原文：a comedy special

• C)Book the tickets online. 盗用了录音 I'll book the tickets online，但说订票的是男士、用的是 I'll，且这是男士接下来的动作，不是题干问的"女士明天做什么"，张冠李戴又答非所问。

  借用原文：I'll book the tickets online

• D)See a film with the man. 盗用了开头 a film about climate change 的 film，但那部电影女士一开始就说 not really. It doesn't really appeal to me，早被放弃，绝不是明天的决定，D 与原文相反。

  借用原文：It doesn't really appeal to me

Why does Catherine feel anxious?

倾诉信号 I'm afraid。Catherine 主动说 I'm afraid I won't fit in，I'm afraid 是"我担心…"的倾诉信号，正是她自报焦虑根源的那句，answer 就锁在这里。注意第5段她又补了"比同学小"，但开口第一焦虑、也最贴题的是"怕融不进去"。

• I'm afraid I won't fit in↔She worries she won't fit inI'm afraid=She worries
• transferring over to our college↔as a transfer student动词转学→名词转学生身份

• A)与原文相反选项 Most of her schoolmates are younger than she is. 借用了第5段的 younger 一词，但录音是 I'm younger than most students——是"她比大多数同学小"，选项却说成"同学比她小"，把比较关系颠倒了。况且第12题问的核心焦虑是"怕融不进去"，年龄只是补充。

  借用原文：I'm younger than most students in my year

• B)未提及选项 She simply has no idea what school to transfer to. 说她"不知道该转去哪所学校"，但录音里她已明确是"转到 our college"、焦虑的是适应而非选校，全文未提"不知转哪"。
• C)原词陷阱选项 There are too many activities for her to cope with. 借用了 activities 一词，但录音里 we have a lot of after-school activities 是 Mr. Lee 把活动当"好事"推荐，且她回应 I love games and hobby groups——活动是解药不是负担，更不是"多到应付不来"的焦虑源。

  借用原文：we have a lot of after-school activities you can join in

What does Mr. Lee encourage Catherine to do?

转折but后给建议。前半 you may be the only younger one 是承接她的担忧，转折 but 之后才是 Mr. Lee 真正想说的——we have a lot of after-school activities you can join in，you can join in 是建议信号，答案落在转折之后。

• we have a lot of after-school activities you can join in↔Participate in after-school activitiesjoin in=Participate in

• A)未提及选项 Seek advice from senior students. 说"向学长求助"，但 Mr. Lee 只让她来找自己 you can come to me anytime，全程未提 senior students，求助对象被偷换。
• B)原词陷阱选项 Pick up some meaningful hobbies. 里 hobby 一词确实出现过——是她自己说 I love games and hobby groups，但那是她的回应、不是 Mr. Lee 鼓励她去"培养有意义的爱好"，与题干问的"他鼓励她做什么"对不上。

  借用原文：I love games and hobby groups

• D)偷换概念选项 Look into what the school offers. 像呼应 make the most of what we have on offer here，但原文是"尽量用好我们提供的东西"，重点在"用好"不是"去了解/调查"，且具体落点已明确为"参加活动"，D把概括的话引申成了别的动作。

  借用原文：make the most of what we have on offer here

What does Mr. Lee promise to do for Catherine?

表态信号 remember that。remember that you can come to me anytime of the day if you need help 用 remember that 郑重表态，you can come to me…if you need help 正是他对她许下的承诺，answer 锁在此句。

• you can come to me anytime of the day if you need help↔Give her help whenever she needs itanytime…if you need=whenever she needs

• B)答非所问选项 Accept her as a transfer student. 借了全场的 transfer 话题，但"接收她为转学生"是既成事实、非他当场承诺要做的事，与 promise to do 的问法不符。

  借用原文：transferring over to our college

• C)原词陷阱选项 Find her accommodation on campus. 借用了 campus 一词(出现在 living on campus)，但那是 Catherine 自己说的，住宿安排录音里早已定好(Hannah、Kelly、Bree)，并非 Mr. Lee 承诺去"找住处"。

  借用原文：living on campus

• D)偷换概念选项 Introduce her to her roommates. 像呼应 Let me check who would be living with you，但他只是"查一下谁和她同住"并报出名字，没有"把她介绍给室友"这个动作，动作被偷换放大。

  借用原文：Let me check who would be living with you in your flat

What do we learn about Catherine's schoolmate Bree?

人名后直接定性。录音报完同住三人后，单独对 Bree 定性：Bree is also a new student here, like you，紧跟人名 Bree 的这句"也是新生、和你一样"就是关于她的关键信息，answer 锁在此。

• Bree is also a new student here, like you↔She has just transferred to the collegenew student like you=just transferred

• A)张冠李戴选项 She has interests similar to Mr. Lee's. 把"兴趣"安到 Bree 头上，但录音里谈兴趣的是 Catherine 自己 I love games and hobby groups，且并非和 Mr. Lee 兴趣相同，对象与内容都错位。

  借用原文：I love games and hobby groups

• B)过度推断选项 She has become friends with Catherine. 借用人名 Catherine，但录音只说 Bree 和 Catherine 会同住、will have more to share with each other(会有更多共同话题)，是"将来可能投缘"的推测，并未说"已经成了朋友"。

  借用原文：I'm sure you two will have more to share with each other

• C)未提及选项 She has chosen the major Catherine has. 说 Bree 选了和 Catherine 一样的专业，但全程没有任何关于"专业/major"的内容，纯属编造。

What is the researchers' purpose in carrying out the series of experiments with mice?

目的状语 To determine which…won out。答案信号是表目的的不定式 To determine which feeling won out, the researchers did a series of experiments.——'为确定哪种感觉占上风而做实验'，正是研究者做这串实验的目的，目的状语句就是目的题的落点。

• which feeling won out↔which physical drive is the most powerfulwon out=最强 同义改写

• A)未提及选项 To investigate how being overweight impacts on health. 偷用了选项群里 overweight 的话题感，但录音通篇讲的是比较饥饿等驱动力，从未把研究目的定为'肥胖对健康的影响'，是答非所问。
• C)原词陷阱选项 To discover what most mice like to eat. 借了录音高频词 food、eat 来诱选，但实验是比较饥饿与恐惧、口渴、社交，并非研究老鼠'爱吃什么'，把宏大的目的偷换成了一个没做的小问题。

  借用原文：When given the choice of either eating food or drinking water, the mice went for the food

• D)原词陷阱选项 To determine what feelings mice have. 几乎照搬了录音 To determine which feeling won out 的 determine、feeling 原词，极具迷惑性；但录音是'确定哪种感觉占上风（最强）'，不是'确定老鼠有哪些感觉'，把'比较强弱'偷换成了'清点种类'。

  借用原文：To determine which feeling won out

In what circumstances, do mice venture into unsafe areas?

条件状语 when…hungry + 对比。答案信号是条件状语句 when the mice were hungry, they ventured into the unsafe areas，它直接把'冒险进不安全区'这一行为挂在 hungry 这个条件上；紧随其后的 But when the mice were well-fed, they stayed in areas of the cage that were considered 用 But 作正反对比，反向印证'饿'才是触发条件。

• when the mice were hungry, they ventured into the unsafe areas↔When they are hungry.条件状语原意保留

• B)张冠李戴选项 When they are thirsty. 借了录音里 thirsty 的原词，但 thirsty 出现在第一个'饥渴二选一'实验里，与'冒险进不安全区'是另一个实验，把口渴这个不相干条件安到了冒险行为上。

  借用原文：the mice were both hungry and thirsty

• C)原词陷阱选项 When they smell food. 套用了录音 fox-scented、smelled safer 中 smell 的语感，听上去很顺；但录音说触发冒险的是 hungry（饥饿状态），不是'闻到食物'，把内在状态偷换成了外部气味刺激。

  借用原文：other places that smelled safer

• D)张冠李戴选项 When they want company. 把篇章后半的 social needs/company 话题拿来当条件，但'想要同伴'是讲社交需求那段的内容，与'冒险进危险区'无关，张冠李戴。

  借用原文：prefer to be in the company of other mice

What is said about mice at the end of the passage?

结尾概括句 usually…prefer。答案信号是结尾处的概括句 Mice are usually social animals and prefer to be in the company of other mice，usually 与 prefer 是下结论、讲天性的标志词，正是篇章对老鼠习性的总括，对应题干 at the end。

• prefer to be in the company of other mice↔They prefer to be with other mice.be in the company of=be with

• A)未提及选项 They search for food in groups. 拼了录音高频词 food 与社交话题的 group 感，但录音说饿了反而'离开同伴去找食'，从没说老鼠'成群觅食'，是无中生有。
• B)未提及选项 They are overweight when food is plenty. 借用了选项群里 overweight 与录音里 food 的语感，但录音结尾讲的是社交习性，根本没说'食物充足时老鼠会胖'，是凭空捏造的因果。
• D)偷换概念选项 They enjoy the company of other animals. 几乎照搬录音 in the company of other mice 的 company 原词，只把 other mice 换成 other animals；但录音强调老鼠偏好的是'同类老鼠'，不是'别的动物'，一词之差全盘偷换。

  借用原文：prefer to be in the company of other mice

What does the speaker say about the American highway system?

开篇点题句，与选项 D 原义直接对位。录音第一句就是总起定性 The United States has one of the best highway systems in the world.，篇章独白的开篇点题句往往就是总体评价的落点，它直白说出 "世界最好之一"，正对应问 "总体说法" 的本题。

• one of the best highway systems in the world↔It is one of the best in the world.几乎原义照搬，仅把名词换成 it

• A)与原文相反选项说开工 before World War I(一战之前)，但录音盗用的是 "World War" 这个词，原话是 just after World War I(一战刚结束后)军方才想建——时间正好相反，听到 "World War" 就选 A 会中招。

  借用原文：just after World War I

• B)原词陷阱选项称花费 more than $40 billion，录音确实念了钱数，但原话是 Over $25 billion was appropriated by Congress(拨款 250 多亿)，金额对不上——听到 "$… billion" 就选会被数字烟雾骗到。

  借用原文：Over $25 billion was appropriated by Congress

• C)未提及选项说 It is efficiently used for transport.，录音里 transport / travel 确实反复出现，但全篇只说系统 "好"、"四通八达"，从未评价它 "被高效使用(efficiently used)"，这是借真实话题词嫁接的没说之意。

  借用原文：Interstate highways connect just about every large and mid-sized city in the country.

What was the original purpose of building a highway system?

for national defense 是目的信号词。答案句靠 for national defense(为了国防)这个表目的的介词短语锁定——它是录音里讲到的 "最初" 动机，紧接着的 move troops quickly from one area to another 是对这一目的的具体展开。

• move troops quickly from one area to another↔To move troops quickly from place to place.近乎原句，只把 area 换成 place
• for national defense↔B国防是上位，调兵是其下位手段

• A)偷换概念选项说改善 transportation in the countryside，录音里出现过 small country roads 让人联想到 "乡村"，但那只是描述当年道路状况，从未把 "改善乡村交通" 当成建系统的目的——借 country 一词偷换了概念。

  借用原文：they were mostly small country roads

• C)答非所问选项 To enable people to travel at a higher speed. 对应录音后段 make car travel easier，这确是后来的用途，但题目问的是 original(最初)目的，最初是国防而非民用提速——错在时序，不是错在没提。

  借用原文：make car travel easier

• D)未提及选项称加快 transportation of goods，录音反复出现 transport / travel，却始终在讲调兵和方便开车出行，从未提到 "运货(goods)" 这一目的——借高频词嫁接出没说的内容。

  借用原文：though the system was built mostly to make car travel easier

When was the Interstate Highway System mostly completed?

completed 与题干同词，年份直接绑定。答案句靠动词 mostly completed 与题干 mostly completed 完全对应锁定，且 By 1974 把 "基本建成" 这件事直接绑在 1974 年上——题目问哪件事，就找那件事旁边的年份。

• By 1974, this system was mostly completed.↔In the 1970s.具体年 1974 归入其所属年代

• B)未提及录音通篇没有出现 1960 年代的任何节点，In the 1960s. 只是夹在建成年(1970s)与开工年(1950s)之间的相邻档诱饵，听到 1974 若慌神可能错估到隔壁十年。
• C)原词陷阱选项 In the 1950s. 对应录音 In the 1950s, the plan began to become a reality.——那是计划 "开始" 落地、拨款开工的年代，不是 "基本建成"，错把 begin 当 complete 就会选它。

  借用原文：In the 1950s, the plan began to become a reality.

• D)原词陷阱选项 In the 1940s. 对应录音 In 1944, Congress passed a bill to upgrade the system——那是 1944 年国会立法的年份，是最早一档，离 "基本建成" 隔了三十年，听到早年份就填会上当。

  借用原文：In 1944, Congress passed a bill to upgrade the system

What is a major cause of road deaths among young Americans?

原文‘a major cause’与题干同词归因。答案信号是原文出现与题干一字不差的定性短语 a major cause of road deaths among young Americans，它前面挂着的行为 Texting while driving 即被点名的原因，这种‘归因短语+行为’的句子就是答案句。

• Texting while driving↔Messaging while driving.Texting=Messaging同义替换

• A)偷换概念Chatting while driving. 借用了全篇‘开车用手机’的大背景，但原文点名的是发短信 Texting while driving，chatting（聊天/打电话）是另一动作，属把同类行为换了个词的干扰。

  借用原文：Texting while driving was listed as a major cause

• C)未提及Driving under age. 讲未成年驾驶，原文谈的是 young Americans 这一人群，但从未把‘未达法定年龄开车’列为死因，属无中生有。
• D)未提及Speeding on highways. 讲高速超速，原文全篇围绕手机与双手，未提超速是死因，属未提及。

What is Smart Wheel?

‘it's designed to…’定义功能句。答案信号是产品名后紧跟的 it's designed to fit over the steering wheel … to track whether or not the driver has two hands on the wheel，designed to 引出的就是核心功能，这句即定义句。

• to track whether or not the driver has two hands on the wheel at all times↔A device to ensure people drive with both hands.追踪双手握盘=确保双手驾驶

• A)原词陷阱A gadget to hold a phone on the steering wheel. 把原文出现的 fit over the steering wheel 与背景里的 phone 拼在一起，但产品是套在方向盘上监测双手，不是用来‘固定手机’，属原词陷阱。

  借用原文：designed to fit over the steering wheel of most standard vehicles

• B)未提及A gadget to charge the phone in a car. 讲车内充电，原文从未提充电，属无中生有，仅借‘phone/car’的话题感诱选。
• C)偷换概念A device to control the speed of a vehicle. 把产品说成控速装置，但原文管的是‘双手是否握盘’，不涉及车速；speed 一词全篇未与本产品功能相连，属偷换概念。

  借用原文：to track whether or not the driver has two hands on the wheel

What happens if the driver has one hand on the wheel?

‘when they hold…with one hand only’条件触发句。答案信号是 when 引出的条件 when they hold the wheel with one hand only，与它绑定的反应 warns the drivers with a light and a sound 即结果，这种‘条件+反应’句就是答案句。

• warns the drivers with a light and a sound↔They are alerted with a light and a sound.warns=alerted的主被动同义替换

• A)原词陷阱The car keeps flashing its headlights. 抓住原文真念过的 light，却把它夸张成‘车不停闪大灯’，原文只是提醒灯（且会变绿），不是闪车头灯，属原词陷阱。

  借用原文：the light turns back to green and the sound stops

• B)过度推断The car slows down gradually to a halt. 讲车自动减速停车，原文只说‘灯+声’提醒，并无任何刹车/停车动作，属凭想象加戏。
• D)张冠李戴They get a warning on their smart phone. 把警示载体说成手机，但原文里‘单手握盘’时的提醒是车上的灯和声；手机相关的是后文家长用 app 看数据，被错安到了本题，属张冠李戴。

  借用原文：All the data Smart Wheel collects is also sent to a connected app

How do parents keep track of their teen's driving habits?

‘sent to a connected app’指明数据去向。答案信号是数据流向句 All the data Smart Wheel collects is also sent to a connected app，紧接着的 any parents who install Smart Wheel can keep track 把这条 app 与‘家长掌握习惯’直接挂钩，这两句合起来就是答案句。

• sent to a connected app↔Using a connected app.数据发往连接App=使用连接App

• A)未提及Installing a camera. 讲装摄像头，原文家长安装的是 Smart Wheel、数据走 app，全程未提 camera，属无中生有。
• C)偷换概念Checking their emails. 借‘家长查看数据’的印象，把渠道偷换成查邮件，原文数据是发到 app 不是 email，属偷换概念。

  借用原文：is also sent to a connected app

• D)与原文相反Keeping a daily record 暗示家长靠每天手动记录，而原文是数据自动 sent to a connected app，方向相反（自动上传 vs 人工记），属与原文相反。

  借用原文：All the data Smart Wheel collects is also sent to a connected app