2020年9月·第1套 英语四级听力真题原文与答案解析
本页是 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力 的真题原文与答案解析页 —— 与试卷排版同一卷面层级（3 个 Section：短篇新闻 3 · 长对话 2 · 听力篇章 3），按录音篇目 逐篇排印：8 篇录音各自先给 共 1789 词的完整录音文字稿（逐段中译） ，再逐题接上该题的题目与解析 ——题干与选项中译、正确答案、答案句录音原文与中译、答案信号、同义替换对照与错项原词陷阱归因，全卷共 25 道四选一的题，答案字母分布 A 7 · B 6 · C 7 · D 5。
本套原声音频可直接在本页在线收听（页面底部播放条：0.75–1.5 倍速、前后 10 秒、按录音篇目跳听；各篇题行另有「播放本篇」按钮）。同题型其余套的音频见 英语四级听力真题总页。
听力题和解析
本卷全部 25 题的标准答案与完整录音文字稿由懒笔记基于2020年9月·第1套 英语四级听力原卷逐题核对整理。与试卷排版同一卷面层级：Part/Section 标题与各节 Directions 照原卷排印——真实听力考卷只印选项，题干由录音念出。其下按录音篇目逐篇排印：每篇先给完整录音文字稿（逐段中译），再逐题给出卷面题目与该题解析（题目、翻译、答案、定位、信号、替换与排除）。
以下按录音篇目排印：每篇先给录音原文与逐段中译（考卷上没有，考试时录音只播一遍、卷面只印选项），再逐题给出卷面题目与解析。
A NASA satellite orbiting over Portugal took photographs that reveal the effects of pollution from ships. One of the photos shows a thin film of clouds above the brilliant blue of the North Atlantic, cut by white lines of thicker clouds that look like scars. NASA officials explained those thicker clouds are signs of ship traffic below. When ships power their way through the ocean, they pump exhaust into the atmosphere, just as cars do. And those massive amounts of particles can cause clouds to form. Get enough of those particles in one place, as from the exhaust of a ship, and they can lead to the creation of new clouds easily visible from space. "These clouds can be huge. Some of them stretch hundreds of kilometres from end to end," NASA officials said. It's likely that these sorts of clouds are having some effect on the global climate, according to NASA officials. But scientists aren't yet sure what effect it has.
NASA一颗在葡萄牙上空运行的卫星拍摄的照片揭示了船舶污染的影响。其中一张照片显示,在北大西洋耀眼的蓝色上方有一层薄薄的云,被看起来像伤疤的白色粗云线条切割开来。NASA官员解释说,那些较厚的云是下方船舶交通的迹象。当船舶在海洋中航行时,它们会像汽车一样向大气中排放废气。而那些大量的颗粒物会导致云的形成。当足够多的这些颗粒物聚集在一个地方,比如来自船舶的废气,它们就会导致新云层的形成,从太空中很容易看到。NASA官员说:'这些云可能非常巨大。其中一些从一端到另一端绵延数百公里。'据NASA官员称,这类云很可能对全球气候产生某种影响。但科学家们还不确定它会产生什么影响。
What has caused the thick clouds in the photos taken by NASA satellite?
NASA卫星拍摄的照片中厚云层是什么原因造成的?
- A) 大西洋的船舶交通。
- B) 海洋中的暖流。
- C) 欧洲汽车的尾气。
- D) 发电厂排放的颗粒物。
NASA officials explained those thicker clouds are signs of ship traffic below. When ships power their way through the ocean, they pump exhaust into the atmosphere, just as cars do. And those massive amounts of particles can cause clouds to form.
NASA 官员解释说，那些更厚的云是下方船只航行的标志。当船只破浪穿行于海洋时，它们会像汽车一样把尾气排入大气。而那大量的颗粒物能够促使云的形成。
因果词 cause 连起两端。答案信号是因果动词：those massive amounts of particles can cause clouds to form 里的 cause 直接把'船排出的颗粒物'与'云的形成'连起来，再往前 those thicker clouds are signs of ship traffic below 点明云来自船，因果链清楚。
- those thicker clouds are signs of ship traffic belowShip traffic in the Atlantic.原文 ship traffic 与选项同源
- those massive amounts of particles can cause clouds to formShip traffic in the Atlantic.颗粒来自船故归因于船
- B)未提及Warm currents in the ocean. 听着像海洋话题，但录音通篇没说暖流造成云；只提到 North Atlantic 这片海域，未提 warm currents，属凭海洋联想的无中生有。
- C)原词陷阱Exhaust from cars in Europe. 偷了录音里的原词：录音确实说船排尾气 just as cars do，只是拿汽车作类比，真正造云的是船不是汽车；选项把类比对象 cars 当成了真凶，是典型原词陷阱。
借用原文：they pump exhaust into the atmosphere, just as cars do
- D)原词陷阱Particles emitted by power plants. 盗了录音原词 particles：录音的颗粒物是船排出的(ships…pump exhaust)，而非 power plants 电厂；录音从头到尾没出现 power plants，选项把颗粒物的来源偷换成了电厂。
借用原文：they pump exhaust into the atmosphere
What do NASA officials think about the thick clouds?
NASA官员如何看待这些厚云层?
- A) 需要认真对待它们。
- B) 它们对渔业有巨大影响。
- C) 它们可能给航班造成麻烦。
- D) 它们可能正在影响世界气候。
It's likely that these sorts of clouds are having some effect on the global climate, according to NASA officials. But scientists aren't yet sure what effect it has.
据 NASA 官员说，这类云很可能正对全球气候产生某种影响。但科学家尚不确定它具体有什么影响。
结尾结论句 + according to。答案信号是录音结尾的下结论措辞：It's likely that these sorts of clouds are having some effect on the global climate, according to NASA officials，It's likely 表推测性判断、according to NASA officials 点明这正是官员的看法，态度题答案常落在这种结尾结论句。
- these sorts of clouds are having some effect on the global climateThey may be affecting the world's climate.having effect on=affecting 同义
- It's likely thatThey may be affecting the world's climate.It's likely=may 同度推测
- A)未提及They need to be taken seriously. 听起来像合理表态，但录音里官员只说'很可能影响气候'，从未说要'认真对待/重视'这些云，属于没有依据的拔高，原文未提。
- B)原词陷阱They have a huge effect on fishery. 偷了录音里的原词：录音前面说云 These clouds can be huge，又说 having some effect on the global climate，选项拼凑 huge 和 effect，却把对象换成了根本没提的 fishery 渔业，是原词陷阱叠加无中生有。
借用原文：These clouds can be huge
- C)偷换概念They might be causing trouble to air flights. 借了录音'有某种影响'的意思，却把受影响对象换成 air flights 航班——录音只说影响 global climate，从未提航班，属于把影响对象偷换。
借用原文：having some effect on the global climate
Staff at a suburban supermarket in Melbourne say they feel unsafe at work after security guards were removed. This came after a series of physical attacks and verbal abuse by customers. More than 50 workers at the store have signed a letter calling for a permanent security guard following a series of incidents, including a customer threatening to attack a supervisor with a knife. A security worker had guarded the store each night from 7 p.m. until 12 a.m., but that had stopped suddenly on Monday, employees said. One worker said an angry customer had thrown a chicken at his head after complaining about how long she had waited to be served. Another worker said the lack of protection at the store made her feel uncomfortable at work. However, the spokesman of the supermarket said the store had taken strong action in response to incidents. "We have found very few instances of bad customer behavior at our store in the past year. In the rare cases we have seen bad behavior, we have taken strong action in response, including banning a customer from the store."
Melbourne郊区一家超市的员工表示，在保安人员被撤走后，他们感到工作不安全。此前发生了一系列顾客对员工的肢体攻击和言语辱骂事件。该店超过50名员工签署了一封信函，要求配备常驻保安，此前发生了一系列事件,包括一名顾客威胁要用刀攻击一名主管。员工称，此前每晚7点到午夜12点都有一名保安值守，但这一安排在周一突然停止了。一名员工说，一位愤怒的顾客在抱怨等待服务时间过长后，向他头部扔了一只鸡。另一名员工表示，店内缺乏保护措施让她在工作时感到不安。然而，该超市的发言人表示，店方已对这些事件采取了强有力的应对措施。"我们发现过去一年中本店极少出现顾客不当行为。在我们遇到的罕见不当行为案例中，我们都采取了强有力的应对措施，包括禁止某位顾客进入本店。
For what purpose did the staff at a supermarket in Melbourne sign a letter?
墨尔本一家超市的员工签署联名信的目的是什么?
- A) 呼吁提高工资。
- B) 要求更好的医疗保健。
- C) 呼吁配备常驻保安。
- D) 解雇脾气暴躁的主管。
More than 50 workers at the store have signed a letter calling for a permanent security guard following a series of incidents, including a customer threatening to attack a supervisor with a knife.
店里 50 多名员工签署了一封信，在一连串事件（包括一名顾客威胁要持刀袭击一位主管）之后，呼吁配备一名长期保安。
动词 signed a letter 紧跟诉求 calling for。答案句的信号是"做该动作的动词 + 紧跟的诉求短语"：原文 have signed a letter calling for a permanent security guard 里，signed a letter 正是题干问的"签信"动作，其后 calling for（呼吁）后面的名词就是签信的目的所在，顺势锁定这句即可。
- calling for a permanent security guardTo call for a permanent security guard.现在分词转不定式，措辞几乎一致
- A)未提及To appeal for higher wages. 说"为加薪"。录音通篇没提工资，只谈安全与保安——这是"员工签信常被想成为了待遇"的常识替代，属未提及。
- B)偷换概念To demand better health care. 说"为更好的医疗"。录音从未提 health care，谈的全是人身安全（security / guard）。它把"安全"偷换成"医疗保健"，靠 care 一类词制造"好像听过"的熟悉感。
- D)原词陷阱To dismiss the bad-tempered supervisor. 说"为开除坏脾气的主管"。supervisor 确实是录音原词，但原文是 a customer threatening to attack a supervisor with a knife——主管是"被顾客威胁"的受害者，不是员工要开除的对象。它盗用 supervisor 让你"听到就想选"，实则张冠李戴。
借用原文：a customer threatening to attack a supervisor with a knife
What did the spokesman of the supermarket say regarding the employees' demand?
该超市的发言人对员工的要求说了什么?
- A) 它已经采取了强有力的行动。
- B) 它会把顾客的需求放在首位。
- C) 它会认真对待他们的呼吁。
- D) 它正在向警方寻求帮助。
However, the spokesman of the supermarket said the store had taken strong action in response to incidents.
然而，超市的发言人说，门店已经针对这些事件采取了有力的应对行动。
转折 However + 引述 spokesman said。双重信号锁定这句：一是 However（然而）这个转折，前面讲的是员工的不满与诉求，however 之后才轮到题干问的"发言人"开口；二是引述词 the spokesman of the supermarket said，它后面紧跟的就是发言人原话。两信号叠加，答案句无疑。
- had taken strong action in response to incidentsIt had already taken strong action.原话保留 + 加 already 点出已完成
- B)未提及It would put customers' needs first. 说"会把顾客需求放首位"。发言人确实提到顾客，但从没说"以顾客为先"；这是借"超市当然重视顾客"的常识硬填，属未提及。
- C)偷换概念It would take their appeal seriously. 说"会认真对待诉求"，是最像标准回应、最顺耳的一项。但发言人原话是 had taken strong action——讲的是"已经做了有力行动"，不是"将会认真对待"。它把"已做"偷换成"将认真对待"，且这话录音根本没说。
- D)未提及It was seeking help from the police. 说"正在向警方求助"。录音里发言人提到的应对是 banning a customer from the store（封禁顾客），从未提报警 / police。它顺着"安全事件常报警"的惯性硬接，属未提及。
借用原文：banning a customer from the store
Drivers on their way to the Polish capital of Warsaw on Wednesday morning found the road blocked by an unusual obstacle: tons of liquid chocolate that spilled onto the motorway. A truck carrying the sweet load hit a road barrier and overturned, blocking two lanes. The cracked tank spilled a pool of rapidly-hardening chocolate, which quickly covered the width of the road. While the driver was taken to hospital with a broken arm, firefighters struggled to remove a reported twelve tons of solid chocolate from the road. A representative for the firefighters told the local TV that removing the chocolate was worse than dealing with snow. After contacting the chocolate manufacturer, the firefighters resorted to spraying hot, pressurized water to get rid of the sticky substance. The local TV also noted that the cleanup spanned more than a mile, because drivers simply drove through the chocolate after the crash, leaving a long chocolate trail. But despite the sticky situation, firefighters and police attending to the cleanup were reportedly cheerful about the long task ahead. After all, who could be mad about twelve tons of chocolate?
周三上午，前往波兰首都华沙的司机们发现道路被一个不寻常的障碍物堵住了：数吨液体巧克力洒在了高速公路上。一辆装载着这些甜蜜货物的卡车撞上了道路护栏并侧翻,堵塞了两条车道。破裂的储罐溢出了一大片迅速凝固的巧克力,很快覆盖了整个路面宽度。司机因手臂骨折被送往医院,而消防员则艰难地清除路面上据报道有十二吨的固体巧克力。消防队的一名代表告诉当地电视台,清除巧克力比处理积雪还要困难。在联系了巧克力制造商后,消防员采取了喷洒热的高压水来清除这种黏性物质。当地电视台还指出,清理工作跨越了一英里多,因为事故发生后司机们直接开车穿过巧克力,留下了一条长长的巧克力痕迹。但尽管情况棘手,据报道参与清理工作的消防员和警察对眼前的漫长任务都很乐观。毕竟,谁会因为十二吨巧克力而生气呢?
What did drivers on the motorway to Warsaw find?
在通往华沙的高速公路上，司机们发现了什么？
- A) 道路被水淹了。
- B) 道路被堵住了。
- C) 道路被雪冻住了。
- D) 道路被洒出的汽油覆盖了。
Drivers on their way to the Polish capital of Warsaw on Wednesday morning found the road blocked by an unusual obstacle: tons of liquid chocolate that spilled onto the motorway.
周三早晨，前往波兰首都华沙的司机们发现道路被一个不寻常的障碍物堵住了：数吨洒到高速公路上的液态巧克力。
题干原话 found 直接对上。新闻开篇第一句就出现 Drivers on their way to the Polish capital of Warsaw on Wednesday morning found the road blocked，和题干 What did drivers on the motorway to Warsaw find? 用同一个动词 found、同一批主语 drivers——题干词在录音里复现，就是答案句的最强信号。
- found the road blockedThe road was blocked.几乎原句，主被动微调
- A)原词陷阱录音说 liquid chocolate that spilled onto the motorway（液态巧克力洒到路上），选项 The road was flooded. 把"洒出液体"夸成"被水淹"。听到 liquid、spilled 就想到"淹"，但录音的状态词是 blocked（堵），不是 flooded（淹）。
借用原文：tons of liquid chocolate that spilled onto the motorway
- C)原词陷阱录音后面消防员说清理巧克力 was worse than dealing with snow（比处理雪还难），只是拿"雪"作比较；选项 The road was frozen with snow. 却把"雪"说成路面真被雪冻住。snow 是录音念过的词，但它出现在比喻里，不是路的实际状况。
借用原文：removing the chocolate was worse than dealing with snow
- D)偷换概念录音洒的是 liquid chocolate（液态巧克力），选项 The road was covered with spilled gas. 把"洒出物"偷换成 gas（汽油）。"路被洒出物覆盖"这个框架对，但具体物质被换错了。
借用原文：tons of liquid chocolate that spilled onto the motorway
What does the report say about the accident?
报道对这起事故是怎么说的？
- A) 一辆卡车坠入了液态巧克力池中。
- B) 大雪使得驾驶非常困难。
- C) 卡车司机在驾驶时打瞌睡了。
- D) 一辆卡车撞上护栏并侧翻了。
A truck carrying the sweet load hit a road barrier and overturned, blocking two lanes.
一辆载着甜蜜货物的卡车撞上路边护栏后翻车，堵住了两条车道。
动作链 hit…and overturned 交代经过。这句 A truck carrying the sweet load hit a road barrier and overturned 用"撞护栏→翻车"的动作链直接讲清事故怎么发生，是题干问 about the accident 的正解所在；新闻顺听到第二句即落点。
- hit a road barrier and overturnedA truck hit a barrier and overturned.近乎原词，仅省 road
- A)与原文相反选项 A truck plunged into a pool of liquid chocolate. 说卡车"冲进巧克力液池"，把巧克力当成事故起因；但录音是先 hit a road barrier and overturned、罐裂后才 spilled a pool of rapidly-hardening chocolate——巧克力是翻车的结果，不是起因。pool、liquid chocolate 都是录音原词，顺序却被颠倒。
借用原文：The cracked tank spilled a pool of rapidly-hardening chocolate
- B)原词陷阱选项 The heavy snow made driving very difficult. 把事故归因于大雪，但录音里 snow 只出现在 was worse than dealing with snow 的比喻中，根本没说当天下雪、更没说雪致驾驶困难。这是借"念过的 snow"硬造一个录音没有的起因。
借用原文：removing the chocolate was worse than dealing with snow
- C)未提及选项 The truck driver dozed off while driving. 说司机开车打瞌睡，录音只提到 the driver was taken to hospital with a broken arm（司机手臂骨折送医），从没说他瞌睡。"卡车出事=司机疲劳"是常识脑补，录音并未提及。
What did the firefighters' representative tell the local TV?
消防员代表对当地电视台说了什么？
- A) 清理工作过了很长时间才完成。
- B) 清除洒出的物质是一项艰巨的任务。
- C) 幸运的是没有乘客受伤。
- D) 联系制造商很困难。
A representative for the firefighters told the local TV that removing the chocolate was worse than dealing with snow.
消防部门的一位发言人告诉当地电视台，清除这些巧克力比处理积雪还要麻烦。
told 引出的直接引语。录音 A representative for the firefighters told the local TV that removing the chocolate was worse than dealing with snow 用 told the local TV 引出发言人原话，与题干 What did the firefighters' representative tell the local TV? 的 tell the local TV 一字对应——"told"就是答案句的信号词。
- removing the chocolate was worse than dealing with snowIt was a hard task to remove the spilled substance."比雪还糟"="很难"，巧克力=洒出物
- A)张冠李戴选项 It was a long time before the cleanup was finished. 说清理"花了很久"。录音里确有 the long task ahead 暗示任务漫长，但那是叙述者的话、不是发言人 told 的内容；发言人说的是"难"（worse than snow），不是"久"。盗用了 long 一词，又张冠李戴换了说话人。
借用原文：cheerful about the long task ahead
- C)未提及选项 It was fortunate that no passenger got injured. 说幸好没乘客受伤，但录音明说 the driver was taken to hospital with a broken arm——司机手臂骨折，且全程没提乘客。既与"有人受伤"相悖，也不是发言人说的内容。
- D)原词陷阱选项 It was difficult to contact the manufacturer. 说难联系厂家。录音确有 After contacting the chocolate manufacturer（联系了厂家之后），说明厂家已联系上、根本不难；contact、manufacturer 都是原词，却凭空加了"困难"，且非发言人 told 的内容。
借用原文：After contacting the chocolate manufacturer, the firefighters resorted to spraying hot, pressurized water
M: Lisa, why did you pay for your meal with cash instead of the payment apps on your phone?
M: Lisa,你为什么用现金付餐费,而不是用手机上的支付应用?
W: Well, I've gone back to cash. I'm only using payment apps if that's the only option. I'm trying to save money for a new phone, and I find that using cash rather than payment apps helps me to save.
W: 嗯,我已经改回用现金了。只有在别无选择的情况下我才用支付应用。我想攒钱买个新手机,我发现用现金而不是支付应用能帮我省钱。
M: But how? Money is money, isn't it? I don't think it matters whether you take it out to the bank and put it in your wallet or simply transfer from your bank account to the seller's bank account using an app.
M: 但怎么会呢?钱就是钱,不是吗?我觉得不管你是从银行取出来放进钱包,还是用应用从你的银行账户转到卖家的银行账户,都没什么区别。
W: No, I believe it does matter. It's a psychological phenomenon. I believe we have less connection with the value of our money when we just tap the "Approve" buttons on our phones.
W: 不,我认为确实有区别。这是一种心理现象。我觉得当我们只是在手机上点"确认"按钮时,我们和钱的价值之间的联系就少了。
M: You might have a point. Since I stopped carrying cash around and started using my phone apps to pay, I may have developed a tendency to buy more small or non-essential items.
M: 你说得有道理。自从我不再随身带现金,开始用手机应用支付以后,我可能养成了更多购买小件或非必需品的倾向。
W: That's highly possible. Think about the amount of time we spend with our phones in our hands, and all the things we do with our phones. It sometimes seems that our phone is buying the product for us, not ourselves.
W: 很有可能。想想我们手里拿着手机的时间有多长,还有我们用手机做的所有事情。有时候感觉好像是我们的手机在买东西,而不是我们自己。
M: So cashless payment affects our ability to budget?
M: 所以无现金支付影响我们做预算的能力?
W: I believe so. If we spend a hundred yuan in cash, we realize that we don't have that hundred yuan to spend on something else. But if we're spending electronically, we are less likely to make that mental calculation.
W: 我认为是的。如果我们花了一百元现金,我们会意识到我们没有那一百元去花在别的东西上了。但如果我们是电子支付,我们就不太可能做那种心理计算。
M: I stopped using my credit card because I found I was spending excessively. Perhaps I should take the same approach of paying using my phone.
M: 我不用信用卡了,因为我发现我花得太多。也许我应该对手机支付采取同样的做法。
W: It's worth considering.
W: 值得考虑。
Why did the woman decide to go back to cash for payment?
这位女士为什么决定回归使用现金支付?
- A) 她想为一部新手机存钱。
- B) 她发现使用现金安全得多。
- C) 她用现金可以享受折扣。
- D) 她使用手机应用程序时被骗过。
I'm trying to save money for a new phone, and I find that using cash rather than payment apps helps me to save.
我正想攒钱买部新手机，而且我发现用现金而不用支付 App 能帮我省钱。
被问者的直接应答。男方一开口就问她为何用现金，女方紧接着应答 I'm trying to save money for a new phone——这是被问者对"为什么"的直接交代，问题落在回答方，这一句就是答案句。
- save money for a new phonesave for a new phone近乎同义·略去 money
- B)原词陷阱B 借用了录音反复出现的 using cash 这个原词，但她说用现金是为了"省钱"，全程没说现金"更安全（safer）"，B 把"省钱"偷换成了"安全"，听到 cash 就选会中招。
借用原文：using cash rather than payment apps
- C)未提及C 说用现金能"享受折扣（discount）"，但录音里女方只讲省钱与心理感受，从未提到现金有任何折扣，属凭空添加的理由。
- D)原词陷阱D 借用录音里的 using an app / phone apps 这一原词，编出"用 App 被骗过（cheated）"的理由，但录音从头到尾没提任何"被骗"的事，是用熟词加吓人情节做的干扰。
借用原文：transfer from your bank account to the seller's bank account using an app
What happens when people use apps for payment according to the woman?
根据这位女士的说法,人们使用应用程序支付时会发生什么?
- A) 他们可以节省大量时间和麻烦。
- B) 他们发现购物不那么困难了。
- C) 他们从购物中获得更大的乐趣。
- D) 他们对自己金钱的价值不那么敏感。
I believe we have less connection with the value of our money when we just tap the "Approve" buttons on our phones.
我觉得，当我们只是在手机上点一下"确认"键时，我们和钱的价值之间的联系就变弱了。
观点句 I believe 引出结论。女方用 I believe we have less connection with the value of our money 给出明确判断，I believe 是她下结论的信号词，加上题干限定 according to the woman，这句正是答案句。
- we have less connection with the value of our moneyThey are less aware of the value of their money.同义替换·connection 换成 aware
- A)答非所问A 说用 App"省时省力（save time and trouble）"，听上去是手机支付的常识好处，但女方这段讲的是"对钱的价值感变弱"，根本没说省时省事，A 是用生活常识脑补、答非所问。
- B)答非所问B 说用 App 让人"更容易买东西（less difficult to make purchases）"，与女方强调的"对钱的价值更没感觉"不是一回事，是另一个看似合理却未被女方说出的方向。
- C)未提及C 说人们"从买东西中获得更多快乐（greater pleasure）"，但录音里女方谈的是花钱时的心理"麻木"，从未说更快乐，pleasure 是凭空加进来的情绪词。
What might the man tend to buy with payment apps?
这位男士可能倾向于用支付应用程序购买什么?
- A) 更有价值的物品。
- B) 更多非必需品。
- C) 日常必需品。
- D) 电子设备。
Since I stopped carrying cash around and started using my phone apps to pay, I may have developed a tendency to buy more small or non-essential items.
自从我不再随身带现金、开始用手机 App 付款以来，我可能养成了买更多小件或非必需品的倾向。
被问者本人自述 tendency to buy。题目问"the man"买什么，答案就在男方自陈 a tendency to buy more small or non-essential items 这句——这是当事人对自己购买倾向的直接陈述，tendency to buy 是定位信号。
- buy more small or non-essential itemsMore non-essential things.近乎原义·items 换 things
- A)与原文相反A 说买"更贵重的东西（valuable items）"，借用了录音 items 这个原词，但男方说的是买"small（小件）"非必需品，与"贵重"正好相反，极性反了。
借用原文：buy more small or non-essential items
- C)与原文相反C 的"everyday necessities（日常必需品）"与录音 non-essential items 只差一个否定前缀，盗用了"essential"这个词根，却把"非必需"偷换成"必需"，意思正好掉头。
借用原文：non-essential items
- D)未提及D 说买"电子产品（electronic devices）"，因为整段在聊"手机、App"显得很搭，但录音从没说男方买电子产品，是借话题氛围编出来的干扰。
What does the man think of electronic payment?
这位男士如何看待电子支付?
- A) 它可以提高购物效率。
- B) 它正在改变购物方式。
- C) 它可能导致过度消费。
- D) 它对年轻人更有吸引力。
I stopped using my credit card because I found I was spending excessively. Perhaps I should take the same approach of paying using my phone.
我已经不用信用卡了，因为我发现自己花钱太过头。也许我对手机付款也该采取同样的做法（不用它）。
负面措辞 spending excessively 透态度。男方说 I found I was spending excessively 并打算对手机付款"take the same approach"（即也要戒掉），spending excessively 这个负面措辞，加上他把电子支付与刷爆的信用卡相提并论，暴露了他认为电子支付会让人"过度消费"的态度。
- I found I was spending excessivelyIt may lead to excessive spending.同根改写·动词转名词
- A)答非所问A 说电子支付"提高购物效率（improve shopping efficiency）"，是手机支付的常识优点，但男方全程在讲它让人乱花钱，从没夸它效率高，A 靠常识脑补、与他的负面态度不符。
- B)答非所问B 说电子支付"正在改变购物方式（altering the way of shopping）"，这话本身没错、也算贴题，但它只是客观描述"在变"，没表明男方"怎么看"，题问的是态度（think of），B 答非所问。
- D)未提及D 说电子支付"更吸引年轻人（appeals more to younger people）"，但录音里两人从没谈到年龄或年轻人，younger people 是凭空添加的内容。
W: Hello, Mr. Brown. I was expecting your call. My secretary told me you were having some problems with the wooden table. Is that right?
W: 您好，Brown先生。我一直在等您的电话。我的秘书告诉我您那张木桌子出了些问题。是这样吗？
M: No, no. The table is fine. The problem is the chairs.
M: 不不不。桌子没问题。问题出在椅子上。
W: Oh, the chairs. So what exactly is the issue?
W: 哦，椅子。那具体是什么问题呢？
M: Well, put simply, these are not the chairs my wife and I selected in your store last week. There must be some confusion with our order.
M: 嗯，简单来说，这些椅子不是我和我妻子上周在你们店里选的那些。我们的订单肯定搞混了。
W: Oh, I see. I'm looking through my files now, and I see that the delivery was this morning. Is that correct?
W: 哦，我明白了。我现在正在查我的文件，我看到送货是今天早上。对吗？
M: Yes.
M: 是的。
W: Do you mind describing the chairs that were delivered to your apartment, Mr. Brown?
W: Brown先生，您介意描述一下送到您公寓的那些椅子吗？
M: Sure. These have a flat back with a rounded top and are very heavy. They are light brown and look kind of cheap. The ones we ordered were dark brown to match the table.
M: 当然可以。这些椅子是平背的，顶部是圆的，而且非常重。它们是浅棕色的，看起来有点廉价。我们订的那些是深棕色的，要和桌子配套。
W: Right, of course. It says here you purchased the Arlington table and four Milano chairs. As you said, there must have been some confusion with the order. I'm terribly sorry. We will send a van to collect those four and replace them with the Milano you purchased. Will tomorrow 9 a.m. be okay, Mr. Brown?
W: 好的，当然。这里显示您购买的是Arlington桌子和四把Milano椅子。正如您所说，订单肯定搞混了。非常抱歉。我们会派车去收回那四把椅子，换成您购买的Milano椅子。明天早上9点可以吗，Brown先生？
M: Yes, that would be great. Thank you.
M: 可以，那太好了。谢谢您。
W: Good. Did everything else you ordered from us arrive okay?
W: 好的。您从我们这订的其他东西都到齐了吗？
M: Yes, I think so. Let me check. The mirror and two paintings are here. The two coffee tables are also here. And the sofa… Yes, we haven't noticed anything else wrong or missing. But if we do, we will certainly let you know.
M: 是的，我想是的。让我检查一下。镜子和两幅画在这儿。两张茶几也在这儿。还有沙发……是的，我们没注意到有其他东西不对或缺失。但如果有的话，我们一定会告诉您。
W: Okay, great. Once again, I'm sorry for the confusion and trouble caused.
W: 好的，太好了。再次为造成的混乱和麻烦向您道歉。
Why did the man call the woman?
男士为什么给女士打电话?
- A) 他想订购一些木制家具。
- B) 他不得不更改家具配送时间。
- C) 他对配送的家具有问题。
- D) 他想让家具店给他退款。
男方应答点出问题所在。女方先问是不是桌子出了问题，男方应答 The problem is the chairs.，这是被问者的直接应答、也是他亮明来意的落点——他打电话正是因为送来的椅子有问题，应答句里的 problem 就是答案信号。
- The problem is the chairs.He had a problem with the furniture delivered.chairs 上位概括为 furniture
- the delivery was this morningthe furniture delivereddelivery 名词转 delivered 分词
- A)原词陷阱录音开头女方提到 the wooden table，后文又有 purchased、order 等词，A 项 He wanted to order some wooden furniture 把 wooden、order 这些原词拼起来，但男方打电话不是去下新订单，而是投诉送错货，属听到原词就想选的陷阱。
借用原文：the wooden table
- B)原词陷阱录音确实多次出现 delivery、this morning、tomorrow 9 a.m. 等时间与送货词，B 项 He had to change the furniture delivery time 借这些词制造假象，但男方从没要求更改送货时间，改时间的话是女方为退换货才提的。
借用原文：the delivery was this morning
- D)未提及买家投诉容易让人联想到要退款，但录音里男方只要求换成对的椅子，女方也只承诺换货，自始至终没人提 refund，D 项 He wanted the furniture store to give him a refund 是凭常识脑补、录音未提及。
What did the woman ask the man to do?
女士要求男士做什么?
- A) 把家具退回商店。
- B) 描述他收到的家具。
- C) 取他订购的家具。
- D) 购买另一个品牌的家具。
W: Do you mind describing the chairs that were delivered to your apartment, Mr. Brown?
女：布朗先生，您介意描述一下送到您公寓的那些椅子吗？
Do you mind 是请求信号。女方说 Do you mind describing the chairs，Do you mind 加动名词是典型的礼貌请求句式，这正是她请男方做某事的那一句，请求的动作就是 describing，是本题答案信号。
- describing the chairs that were deliveredDescribe the furniture he receiveddescribe 换形且 chairs 概括为 furniture
- A)张冠李戴录音后文女方说 We will send a van to collect those four，是商家派车来取、把货送回店里，A 项 Send the furniture back to the store 把这个送回动作安到男方头上，可这是商家做的、不是女方请男方做的，属张冠李戴。
借用原文：We will send a van to collect those four
- C)原词陷阱录音里 collect 出自女方的 send a van to collect those four，是商家来取货，C 项 Collect the furniture he ordered 借 collect 一词制造假象，但取货是商家的事，且 collect 的是错送的椅子不是他订的货，方向也反了。
借用原文：send a van to collect those four
- D)未提及D 项 Buy another brand of furniture 说让男方另买一个牌子的家具，录音里女方只承诺换成原来订的 Milano 椅子，从没让他改买别的品牌，brand 一词也未出现，属未提及。
What did the woman promise to do for the man?
女士承诺为男士做什么?
- A) 纠正他们的错误。
- B) 改进他们的服务。
- C) 向他的妻子道歉。
- D) 把钱退回。
W: ... I'm terribly sorry. We will send a van to collect those four and replace them with the Milano you purchased. Will tomorrow 9 a.m. be okay, Mr. Brown?
女：……非常抱歉。我们会派一辆车来把这四把收走，换成您当初买的 Milano 椅子。明天上午九点方便吗，布朗先生？
We will 是承诺信号。女方用将来时 We will send a van to collect those four and replace them with the Milano you purchased，We will 表明这是商家做出的承诺，承诺的核心动作是收走错货、换成对的，正是本题答案信号。
- replace them with the Milano you purchasedCorrect their mistake具体换货概括为纠正错误
- there must have been some confusion with the ordermistakeconfusion 同义于 mistake
- B)未提及B 项 Improve their service 说商家承诺改进服务，但录音里女方只承诺这一单的换货处理，从没说今后要改善服务，service 一词也没出现，属凭印象拔高、未提及。
- C)原词陷阱录音里女方确实说了 I'm terribly sorry，C 项 Apologize to his wife 借这个道歉做文章，但她是向男方布朗先生道歉、不是向他妻子，且本题问的是承诺去做的事，道歉是当场动作不是承诺，方向也错。
借用原文：I'm terribly sorry
- D)未提及D 项 Give the money back 退钱，是顾客投诉时最容易联想到的结果，但录音里女方的承诺是换货不是退款，全程没出现 refund 或 money back，属凭常识想当然、未提及。
What did the woman do at the end of the conversation?
女士在对话结束时做了什么?
- A) 她推荐了一种新款式。
- B) 她给男士提供了一些礼品。
- C) 她再次向男士道歉。
- D) 她和男士核对了所有物品。
W: Okay, great. Once again, I'm sorry for the confusion and trouble caused.
女：好的。再一次，对于这次弄错和造成的麻烦我很抱歉。
末句 Once again sorry 是收尾道歉。录音最后一句女方说 Once again, I'm sorry for the confusion and trouble caused，Once again 加 sorry 是对话结尾再次致歉的明确信号，正对应题干的 at the end，是本题答案句。
- Once again, I'm sorryShe apologized to the man once morebe sorry 转 apologize、once again 转 once more
- A)未提及A 项 She recommended a new style 说女方推荐新款式，但录音里她只承诺换回男方原订的 Milano，从没推荐任何新样式，style、recommend 都没出现，属未提及。
- B)未提及B 项 She offered some gift to the man 说女方送礼，录音里女方只做了道歉和安排换货，从未提供任何礼物，gift 一词全程没出现，属未提及。
- D)原词陷阱录音前文男方自己核对过 The mirror and two paintings are here 等物品，D 项 She checked all the items with the man 借这个核对场景做文章，但核对清单的是男方、且发生在对话中段不是结尾，本题问的是女方在结尾做的事，人和时点都对不上。
借用原文：The mirror and two paintings are here
Do you have too much stuff? Are you, dare we say it "untidy"? Say hello to a TV show called "Tidying Up with Marie Kondo", a home improvement show based on her wildly popular book The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up. In the show, Marie Kondo acts as a tiny garbage fairy for messy people, visiting their houses to share the wisdom of the "KonMari" method. This method is simple in theory but can be endlessly complex in practice. You divide all the stuff in your house—all of it—into several categories, and then examine each item—all of them—to see if it sparks joy. If it does, you keep it. If it doesn't, you thank it and neatly discard it. So, is the TV show inspiring people to tidy up? Firsthand accounts seem to indicate a small wave of people bringing piles of donation bags to used goods stores. One store received thousands of bags of used possessions in one day. January is usually the stores' slow season for donations because it's cold and people don't want to bother, but not this January. People seemed determined to clean up their homes. One used bookstore received a month's worth of books in donations in a week when a man gave over fifty boxes of books from his home. It seems Marie's TV show is having a big impact after all.
你是否拥有太多东西？你是否，容我直言，"不整洁"？来认识一下一档名为《跟着Marie Kondo学整理》的电视节目，这是一档基于她极受欢迎的书籍《怦然心动的人生整理魔法》的家居改造节目。在节目中，Marie Kondo扮演着凌乱之人的小小垃圾仙子，造访他们的房屋以分享"KonMari"方法的智慧。这个方法在理论上很简单,但在实践中可能无限复杂。你要把家里的所有东西——所有东西——分成几个类别,然后检查每一件物品——每一件——看它是否能激发喜悦。如果能,你就保留它。如果不能,你就感谢它并整齐地丢弃它。那么,这档电视节目是否激励人们去整理呢?第一手资料似乎表明出现了一小波人们将成堆的捐赠袋带到二手商店的浪潮。一家商店在一天内收到了数千袋二手物品。一月通常是这些商店捐赠的淡季,因为天气寒冷,人们不想费事,但今年一月不同。人们似乎下定决心清理他们的家。一家二手书店在一周内收到了相当于一个月的捐赠书籍,当时一名男子从家里捐出了五十多箱书。看来Marie的电视节目毕竟产生了巨大影响。
What is Marie Kondo's TV show about?
Marie Kondo 的电视节目是关于什么的?
- A) 阅读智慧书籍。
- B) 整理自己的家。
- C) 与他人分享。
- D) 捐赠给慈善机构。
Say hello to a TV show called "Tidying Up with Marie Kondo", a home improvement show based on her wildly popular book The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up.
来认识一档叫《和近藤麻理惠一起整理》的电视节目，这是一档家居改善类节目，改编自她那本极受欢迎的书《怦然心动的人生整理魔法》。
开头点题句直接报出节目名与定位。录音一开篇就用 a TV show called "Tidying Up with Marie Kondo", a home improvement show 点明节目名和它“家居改善”的定位，这是主旨题最典型的“开头点题”信号——主题在第一句就交代了。
- Tidying Up with Marie KondoTidying up one's home.节目名里的 Tidying Up 概括为“整理家”
- a home improvement showTidying up one's home.home improvement = 整理 one's home
- A)原词陷阱录音确有 her wildly popular book 和 share the wisdom of the "KonMari" method，A 把 book、wisdom 两个原词拼成 Reading books of wisdom.，但那本书只是节目的来源、wisdom 指整理方法的智慧，节目本身不是“读智慧之书”，属听到原词就想选的陷阱。
借用原文：share the wisdom of the "KonMari" method
- C)原词陷阱录音说近藤 share the wisdom of the "KonMari" method，C 借 share 造出 Sharing with others.，可原文 share 的宾语是“整理方法的智慧”，不是“和别人分享东西”，主题更不是分享，属答非所问的原词陷阱。
借用原文：share the wisdom of the "KonMari" method
- D)原词陷阱录音后半提到人们 bringing piles of donation bags to used goods stores，D 据此造出 Donating to charity.，但捐赠只是节目带来的“效果”而非节目本身的主题，且原文是捐到二手店、并非 charity，既偷换概念又答非所问。
借用原文：bringing piles of donation bags to used goods stores
What things can be kept in one's home according to Marie Kondo?
根据 Marie Kondo 的说法,什么东西可以保留在家中?
- A) 让人感到快乐的东西。
- B) 正在变得稀有的东西。
- C) 占用空间小的东西。
- D) 花费很多钱的东西。
...examine each item—all of them—to see if it sparks joy. If it does, you keep it.
……逐一检视每件物品——全部都要——看它是否让你心动（带来喜悦）。如果会，你就留下它。
条件句 If it does, you keep it 给出“留下”的标准。录音用 to see if it sparks joy. If it does, you keep it. 这个条件—结果句直接给出判断标准：会带来 joy 的就留下。这里 keep 与题干 kept 对应、joy 是判定信号，正是答案句。
- if it sparks joyThings that make one happy.sparks joy = make one happy
- you keep itcan be keptyou keep it 主动 = can be kept 被动
- B)未提及录音判定标准只有“是否 spark joy”，全程没有任何关于“东西稀有/将变稀有”的说法，Things that are becoming rare. 是凭空添加的标准。
- C)未提及原文整理的标准是 joy，与物品占地大小无关；Things that occupy little space. 把一个常识里合理、但录音没说的标准塞进来，属未提及。
- D)未提及近藤的标准是看是否 sparks joy，与价格无关，甚至贵而不让你心动的也该丢；Things that cost a lot of money. 既非原文标准，又与“按心动取舍”的精神相左。
What do we learn about one used bookstore this January?
关于今年一月的一家旧书店,我们了解到什么?
- A) 它加入了该市的清理运动。
- B) 它售出了多达五十箱书。
- C) 它收到了数量极其庞大的捐赠书籍。
- D) 由于异常寒冷的天气,它几乎没有生意。
One used bookstore received a month's worth of books in donations in a week when a man gave over fifty boxes of books from his home.
一家二手书店在一周内收到的捐书量相当于平常一个月，因为有一个人把家里五十多箱书都捐了出来。
对象 + 时间复现，紧跟的动词 received 是落点。录音出现 One used bookstore received a month's worth of books in donations in a week，与题干的 used bookstore、January 对象时间吻合，紧跟的动词 received（收到）正是这家书店“发生了什么”的核心信号。
- received a month's worth of books in donations in a weekreceived an incredibly large number of donated books“一周收到一个月的量”=“收到大量捐书”
- gave over fifty boxes of booksan incredibly large number of donated booksfifty boxes 是“数量大”的实证
- A)张冠李戴录音说 People seemed determined to clean up their homes，A 借 clean-up 造出 It joined the city's clean-up campaign.，可 clean up 的主语是“人们整理自家”，根本没说书店参加什么城市清理活动，属张冠李戴式原词陷阱。
借用原文：People seemed determined to clean up their homes
- B)原词陷阱录音原文是一个人 gave over fifty boxes of books（捐出五十多箱给书店），B 直接搬来数字造出 It sold as many as fifty boxes of books.，把动作从“收到捐赠”偷换成“书店卖出”，数字耳熟但方向全反，是最毒的原词陷阱。
借用原文：gave over fifty boxes of books from his home
- D)与原文相反录音说一月通常因为 it's cold and people don't want to bother 捐赠少，但 not this January——今年反而捐赠暴增；D 造出 It did little business because of the unusual cold weather.，既偷用 cold，又取了被 but 否定掉的“前半”，与原文结论相反。
借用原文：January is usually the stores' slow season for donations because it's cold ... but not this January
At just 12 years old, Mike Hannon is making a difference in his community one lunch at a time. "Mike's Lunches of Love" has fed more than 2,000 of the town's most vulnerable residents. Mike delivers meals to the homeless. "It's like a way to give people joy, maybe spark something in them that can change them," Mike told WBZ-TV. The mayor of Mike's town feels that Mike is a great community leader, especially in such times of so much negative news. While his father commented on how proud he was of his son, yet, Mike isn't looking for praise, but kindness in return. He hopes his acts of charity will influence others to spread positive actions in their own towns. Mike includes a handwritten message of joy on each bag. His message and star power have spread all over the country. To date, his online page to raise funds has brought in more than $44,000 and counting, raising more than $17,000 in just one day, with the help of many famous actors and others. People from all over the country are sending special handcrafted bags to help the young man with his mission to help those in need. Many are hoping the simple act of kindness spreads. Mike is seen as hope for the future of the town, the country and the world.
年仅12岁的Mike Hannon正在通过一份份午餐为他的社区带来改变。"Mike的爱心午餐"已经为镇上2000多名最脆弱的居民提供了食物。Mike为无家可归者送餐。"这就像是给人们带来快乐的一种方式，也许能在他们心中点燃某种可以改变他们的东西，"Mike告诉WBZ-TV。Mike所在镇的镇长认为Mike是一位优秀的社区领袖，尤其是在充斥着如此多负面新闻的时期。他的父亲评论说他为儿子感到多么自豪，然而Mike并不是在寻求赞扬，而是希望得到善意的回报。他希望自己的慈善行为能影响其他人在他们自己的城镇传播积极的行动。Mike在每个袋子上都附有一条手写的快乐留言。他的留言和明星影响力已经传遍全国。迄今为止，他的在线筹款页面已经筹集了超过44000美元并且还在增加，仅一天就筹集了超过17000美元，这得益于许多著名演员和其他人的帮助。来自全国各地的人们正在寄送特制的手工袋子，以帮助这位年轻人完成帮助需要帮助的人的使命。许多人希望这种简单的善举能够传播开来。Mike被视为该镇、该国和世界未来的希望。
What does Mike Hannon do to help people in his town?
Mike Hannon 做了什么来帮助他镇上的人们?
- A) 为无家可归者提供免费餐食。
- B) 为无家可归者提供庇护所。
- C) 帮助弱势群体烹饪午餐。
- D) 呼吁地方政府做出改变。
"Mike's Lunches of Love" has fed more than 2,000 of the town's most vulnerable residents. Mike delivers meals to the homeless.
迈克的爱心午餐已经为镇上 2000 多名最弱势的居民提供了食物。迈克把饭菜送到无家可归者手中。
反复出现的核心动作 fed / delivers meals。定位信号是这个动作被连说两遍且是全篇主线——先说 has fed more than 2,000，紧接着 Mike delivers meals to the homeless，喂饭、送饭反复强调，正是他帮人的核心行为，答案句就在这里。
- Mike delivers meals to the homelessGive free meals to the homeless.delivers meals 同义改写为 Give free meals
- B)原词陷阱Provide shelter for the homeless. 借用了原文里的 the homeless 这个原词来制造听到就想选的诱惑，但录音说的是送饭（meals），从没说提供住处（shelter），把帮助方式偷换了。
借用原文：Mike delivers meals to the homeless
- C)原词陷阱Help the vulnerable to cook lunches. 偷用了原文 most vulnerable residents 的 vulnerable 一词，且 lunches 让人联想到 Lunches of Love，听着很耳熟；但原文是他亲自送饭给弱势者，不是帮弱势者自己做午饭，动作主体和方式都被改了。
借用原文："Mike's Lunches of Love" has fed more than 2,000 of the town's most vulnerable residents.
- D)原词陷阱Call for change in the local government. 里的 change 看似呼应原文 change them，但原文的 change 指改变受助者的内心，而非呼吁地方政府改革；原文通篇讲做善事，根本没提向政府提诉求。
借用原文：spark something in them that can change them
What does Mike hope others will do?
Mike 希望其他人做什么?
- A) 加强合作。
- B) 促进理解。
- C) 赢得全国支持。
- D) 效仿他的榜样。
He hopes his acts of charity will influence others to spread positive actions in their own towns.
他希望自己的慈善之举能影响别人，让他们在自己的城镇也去传播积极的行动。
愿望动词 hopes 直接领出期望。定位信号是表愿望的动词 He hopes——它后面那句 will influence others to spread positive actions 就是他希望别人做的事。听到 hope 立刻锁定其后内容，这是愿望类细节题的硬定位点。
- influence others to spread positive actions in their own townsFollowing his example.影响别人去做同样的事即效仿他
- A)未提及Strengthen co-operation. 是个听着很正面的大词，但原文从没说他希望大家加强合作；他要的是别人各自在自己城镇行善（spread positive actions），不是彼此协作。属于原文未出现的内容。
- B)未提及Promote understanding. 同样是个正面大词，原文没有任何关于增进理解的表述。他的愿望明确是 spread positive actions（传播积极行动），与增进理解不是一回事。
- C)原词陷阱Win national support. 里的 national 容易呼应原文后文反复出现的 all over the country，让人听着耳熟；但赢得全国支持讲的是他自己声名远播的结果，不是他希望别人做的事，答非所问。
借用原文：His message and star power have spread all over the country.
How are people all over the country responding to what Mike is doing?
全国各地的人们如何回应 Mike 所做的事情?
- A) 传播他的事迹。
- B) 给他写感谢信。
- C) 效仿他树立的榜样。
- D) 给他寄送手工制作的袋子。
People from all over the country are sending special handcrafted bags to help the young man with his mission to help those in need.
全国各地的人们正在寄送特制的手工袋子，来帮助这个少年完成他帮助困难者的使命。
他人动作进行时 People are sending。定位信号是描述他人正在做某事的进行时句 People from all over the country are sending special handcrafted bags——题干问 how people are responding，原文这句正面回答了人们在做什么，是答案句。
- People from all over the country are sending special handcrafted bagsSending him hand-made bags.handcrafted bags 同义为 hand-made bags
- A)原词陷阱Spreading news of his deeds. 借用了原文多次出现的 spread（spread positive actions / have spread all over the country）来制造耳熟，但原文 spread 的是积极行动和他的影响力，不是说人们在传播他事迹的新闻，答非所问。
借用原文：His message and star power have spread all over the country.
- B)张冠李戴Writing him thank-you notes. 容易让人想起原文 Mike includes a handwritten message——但写手写留言的是迈克自己（写在每个袋子上），不是别人给迈克写感谢信。这是把迈克做的事安到别人头上的张冠李戴。
借用原文：Mike includes a handwritten message of joy on each bag.
- C)答非所问Following the example he sets. 与 20 题答案 Following his example. 几乎同义，是迈克希望别人做的（his hope），不是别人实际的回应方式。原文讲别人实际在寄手工袋子，而非说人们已经在效仿他，把愿望偷换成了现实回应。
借用原文：influence others to spread positive actions in their own towns
In a recent study carried out by psychologists on the disruptive effects of smartphones, two groups of college students were given word search puzzles. The first group was told to complete the puzzles with its participants' smartphones in their line of sight. The second group, however, was told that the phones would interfere with the equipment in the experiment, and would need to be moved away from the testing area. Midway through the second group's solving of the puzzles, the experimenter called one of the phones and let it ring for a while before hanging up. Many of the students in that group were unable to focus from then on, becoming anxious and performing more poorly than the first group.
在心理学家最近开展的一项关于智能手机干扰效应的研究中,两组大学生被要求完成单词搜索谜题。第一组被告知在参与者视线范围内有智能手机的情况下完成谜题。然而,第二组被告知手机会干扰实验设备,需要移到测试区域之外。在第二组解谜题进行到一半时,实验人员拨打了其中一部手机,让它响了一会儿后才挂断。该组中许多学生从那时起无法集中注意力,变得焦虑,表现也比第一组差。
Use of electronics has also been known to lead to a decline in human interactions. Rather than having real-life conversations, many express emotions and engage in deep conversations through social media sites. Many students use their phones and computers during class for non-academic activities, which leads to poor grades. Perhaps the most dramatic impact is the reduction in the amount of sleep, which leads to poor health and weight gain.
电子产品的使用也被认为会导致人际互动的减少。许多人不是进行现实生活中的对话,而是通过社交媒体网站表达情感和进行深入交流。许多学生在课堂上将手机和电脑用于非学术活动,这导致成绩不佳。也许最显著的影响是睡眠时间的减少,这会导致健康状况不佳和体重增加。
Technology is a great tool; however, it's important to recognize its downsides. Lack of sleep, reduction of productivity and weight gain are only a few. If we're not careful about all these minor problems right now, the effect on the future generation is going to be much bigger.
技术是一个伟大的工具;然而,认识到它的缺点很重要。睡眠不足、生产力下降和体重增加只是其中几个问题。如果我们现在不注意所有这些小问题,对未来一代的影响将会大得多。
What were the college students in both groups required to do in the study?
研究中要求两组大学生做什么?
- A) 解字谜游戏。
- B) 发送智能手机消息。
- C) 使用手机应用程序测试他们的视力。
- D) 在实验室安装一些音频设备。
实验开头交代任务的句子。答案句是篇章开头交代实验安排的那句 two groups of college students were given word search puzzles，‘被给了找词谜题’正是两组共同要做的事；细节题的答案句往往就落在交代任务/背景的起始句，听到 were given 这种安排动作即锁定。
- were given word search puzzlesTo solve word search puzzles.被给谜题=去解谜题
- B)原词陷阱To send smartphone messages. 把原文反复出现的 smartphones 拿来装样子，但原文里手机只是被‘放在视线内/挪走/打进来响’的实验变量，从没让学生去‘发短信’，是听到 smartphone 就想选的原词陷阱。
借用原文：smartphones in their line of sight
- C)未提及To test their eyesight using a phone app. 听起来像个合理实验，但原文研究的是手机对‘注意力/专注’的干扰，全篇没提 eyesight 或 app，属凭常识臆造的未提及项。
- D)原词陷阱To install some audio equipment in a lab. 借了原文第二组被告知手机会 interfere with the equipment 里的 equipment 一词，但 equipment 是实验里的‘设备’、是手机要被挪开的理由，绝非让学生去‘安装音频设备’，把无关动作硬安在学生头上。
借用原文：would interfere with the equipment in the experiment
What do we learn about many of the students in the second test group after the phone rang?
关于第二个测试组中的许多学生在手机响起后我们了解到什么?
- A) 他们无法继续进行,直到铃声停止。
- B) 他们无法再集中精力完成任务。
- C) 他们立即抓起手机回拨。
- D) 他们要求实验人员挂断电话。
Many of the students in that group were unable to focus from then on, becoming anxious and performing more poorly than the first group.
那一组里许多学生从那以后再也无法集中注意力，变得焦虑，表现比第一组更差。
事件之后紧跟的状态描述句。电话响（let it ring for a while before hanging up）这个事件之后紧接的描述句就是答案句：Many of the students in that group were unable to focus from then on。细节题里‘某事件之后怎样’的答案，几乎都落在事件句的下一句，听到 from then on 这种时间衔接就锁定。
- were unable to focus from then onThey could no longer concentrate on their task.无法集中=不再能专注
- A)与原文相反They could not go on until the ringing stopped. 借了原文 let it ring for a while 的 ring，编成‘要等铃声停了才能继续’。但原文是‘从那以后一直无法专注’，并非‘等铃停就好了’，恰恰相反——干扰是持续的，这是盗用 ring 又改了意思的陷阱。
借用原文：let it ring for a while before hanging up
- C)未提及They grabbed the phone and called back right away. 描述学生抓起电话立刻回拨，原文里学生根本没碰电话（是 experimenter 打进来再挂掉），学生只是变得焦虑、表现变差，‘回拨’是凭想象添的动作。
- D)张冠李戴They asked their experimenter to hang up the phone. 借了原文 experimenter 和 hang up（before hanging up），但挂电话的是实验者本人主动挂的，不是学生要求他挂的，把动作的发起方安错了人。
借用原文：before hanging up
According to the passage, what is the most dramatic impact of smartphone use?
根据文章,智能手机使用最显著的影响是什么?
- A) 情绪问题的增加。
- B) 体育活动的减少。
- C) 睡眠时间的减少。
- D) 学业成绩的下降。
Perhaps the most dramatic impact is the reduction in the amount of sleep, which leads to poor health and weight gain.
也许最显著的影响是睡眠量的减少，它会导致健康变差和体重增加。
最高级the most dramatic直接点题。答案句被最高级标记直接点亮：Perhaps the most dramatic impact is the reduction in the amount of sleep，与题干 the most dramatic impact 完全对应。听力里最高级 the most… 后面紧跟的就是答案，是最硬的定位信号。
- the reduction in the amount of sleepA reduction in the amount of sleep.几乎原句搬到选项
- A)原词陷阱A rise in emotional problems. 蹭了第二段 express emotions 里的 emotion，但原文那句讲的是人们改用社交媒体表达情绪、并未说情绪问题‘上升’，更没把它列为‘最突出’的影响，属盗用 emotion 一词的陷阱。
借用原文：many express emotions and engage in deep conversations through social media sites
- B)未提及A decline in sports activities. 说体育活动减少，原文只提到 human interactions（人际互动）减少，从未提及 sports，属凭常识联想（手机多→运动少）添出来的未提及项。
- D)答非所问A decline in academic performance. 对应原文 leads to poor grades，学业下滑原文确实提了，但它只是并列后果之一、没被冠以 the most dramatic，被最高级点名的是睡眠，故D是真有其事却答错重点的诱选。
借用原文：which leads to poor grades
What does the speaker suggest people do?
说话者建议人们做什么?
- A) 保护年轻一代的视力。
- B) 采取有效措施提高生产力。
- C) 认识到技术的破坏性影响。
- D) 确保他们每天有充足的睡眠。
Technology is a great tool; however, it's important to recognize its downsides.
科技是个很好的工具；然而，认清它的负面作用很重要。
转折however后的主张句。答案句藏在转折之后：先扬 Technology is a great tool，转折 however, it's important to recognize its downsides 才是说话人真正要强调的主张。转折 however 后、又带 it's important to 这种态度口吻的句子，正是说话人立场的落点，是目的题最强的信号。
- recognize its downsidesRealize the disruptive effects of technology.认清负面=意识到破坏性影响
- A)未提及Protect the eyesight of the younger generation. 拼了原文末句 the future generation 的 generation，但 protect eyesight（保护视力）原文从没提，是借 generation 一词又凭常识添出来的未提及项。
借用原文：the effect on the future generation
- B)原词陷阱Take effective measures to raise productivity. 借了第三段 reduction of productivity 的 productivity，但原文把 productivity 下降列为科技的‘坏处之一’，说话人的主张是‘认清这些坏处’，而非‘采取措施提高生产力’，盗词又跑题。
借用原文：reduction of productivity
- D)答非所问Ensure they have sufficient sleep every day. 蹭了第二、三段反复出现的 sleep，但‘保证充足睡眠’只是科技危害里的一个具体侧面，说话人结尾给的是总括主张‘认清科技的负面’，D把局部当成了说话人的整体建议。
借用原文：Lack of sleep, reduction of productivity and weight gain are only a few.
28 句真题句逐层精讲
下列真题句各有独立的句子解析页——中文翻译、结构树逐层拆解、成分与时态、考点讲解与真题高频词。点击句子进入完整解析。
- More than 50 workers at the store have signed a letter calling for a permanent security guard following a series of incidents, including a customer threatening to attack a supervisor with a knife.
本句展现了英语长句的典型构造方式：简单句主干 + 现在分词短语作后置定语 + 现在分词短语作状语 + 介词短语补充说明。这种结构在四六级和考研阅读中频繁出现，掌握后可迁移到大量类似长句的分析，具有较高的典型性和复用价值。
- One worker said an angry customer had thrown a chicken at his head after complaining about how long she had waited to be served.
本句的结构非常典型：主句 + 宾语从句的转述句式、宾语从句中嵌套时间状语从句、状语从句中再嵌套疑问词引导的宾语从句，这种多层嵌套结构在四六级和考研阅读中频繁出现。掌握这种句式后，学生可以迁移到大量相似的复杂句分析中。
- After contacting the chocolate manufacturer, the firefighters resorted to spraying hot, pressurized water to get rid of the sticky substance.
本句成分种类较为丰富：包含主语、谓语、宾语（动名词短语）、时间状语（介词短语）、目的状语（不定式短语）。宾语"spraying hot, pressurized water"是动名词短语，适合练习识别非谓语动词作宾语；两个状语的类型和结构不同，可训练区分状语功能。但句子整体较短，修饰层次不多，练习难度中等。
- But despite the sticky situation, firefighters and police attending to the cleanup were reportedly cheerful about the long task ahead.
本句涵盖主语（含并列和后置定语）、系动词、表语、让步状语、以及修饰表语的介词短语状语，成分种类较丰富。主语中的现在分词短语后置定语以及介词短语"about the long task ahead"修饰形容词的用法，是学生容易混淆的点（容易误判为谓语或独立成分），有一定训练价值。
- It was a long time before the cleanup was finished.
It was...before 从句是四六级和考研中常见的时间状语从句句型，表示一段时间后某事才发生，典型性较强，掌握后可迁移到类似结构。
- It was fortunate that no passenger got injured.
"It + be + 形容词 + that 从句" 是四六级和考研阅读中的高频句式，主语从句结构也是常考语法点。掌握此句型后可迁移到大量类似句子，实用性强。
- M: Lisa, why did you pay for your meal with cash instead of the payment apps on your phone?
特殊疑问句是四六级和考研听力、阅读中的常见句式，尤其是日常对话场景中询问原因的表达。本句的 "why did you..." 结构、"pay for" 固定搭配、"instead of" 对比结构都是高频考点。虽然是简单句，但其结构和表达方式具有很强的典型性和可迁移性。
- I don't think it matters whether you take it out to the bank and put it in your wallet or simply transfer from your bank account to the seller's bank account using an app.
这句结构层次清楚但不算过难，既能训练长句拆解，又不会被复杂时态分散注意力。对打基础和练稳定分析步骤都很合适，值得优先练习。
- W: No, I believe it does matter.
"主句 + 宾语从句" 是四六级和考研常考句式，believe/think/suppose 等动词后接省略 that 的宾语从句非常典型。does 强调用法虽不算最高频，但也是标准语法现象。学习者掌握后可迁移到大量类似句子。
- But if we're spending electronically, we are less likely to make that mental calculation.
"if 从句 + 主句" 的条件复合句是四六级和考研中的高频句式，"be likely to do" 结构也是常考搭配。主句采用系表结构 + 不定式的形式，符合英语说明可能性或倾向的典型表达方式，迁移性强，学生掌握后可应用于大量类似句子。
- M: I stopped using my credit card because I found I was spending excessively.
原因状语从句 + 宾语从句的嵌套结构在四六级和考研真题中非常常见，尤其是 "because" 引导的原因从句嵌套宾语从句这种模式，是考试中高频出现的句式。掌握这个结构后，学生可以大量复用到类似的因果关系表达中。句子整体结构典型性强，是值得重点学习的常考句式。
- Why did the woman decide to go back to cash for payment?
特殊疑问句是四六级听力和阅读中的常见句式，Why 引导的原因询问也是高频题型。虽为简单句，但疑问句的倒装语序和不定式宾语结构都具有代表性，掌握后可迁移至大量类似问句。
- She found it much safer to use cash.
"find/think/make it + 形容词 + to do" 是四六级和考研阅读中的高频句式，本句结构极具代表性，掌握后可直接迁移到大量类似句子
- They find it less difficult to make purchases.
"find it + 形容词 + to do" 是四六级和考研阅读、完形填空中的高频句式，这种形式宾语结构在学术文章和新闻报道中也常见，掌握本句结构后可直接迁移到大量类似句子（如 make it possible to, consider it necessary to 等），具有很强的代表性和复用性。
- They are less aware of the value of their money.
主系表结构在考试中常见，less aware of 这种形容词 + 介词搭配也是典型表达方式，具有一定代表性，但句子整体较短、修饰层次简单，不属于高频复杂句式。
- As you said, there must have been some confusion with the order.
there be 句型和情态动词加完成体的组合在四六级和考研中频繁出现，状语从句引导也是典型句式，掌握后可迁移到大量类似句子
- But if we do, we will certainly let you know.
条件状语从句 + 主句是四六级和考研阅读中的常见句式，使役动词 "let" 的用法也频繁出现，具有较好的迁移价值，但整体结构偏简单，复杂度不足以代表难度较高的真题。
- You divide all the stuff in your house—all of it—into several categories, and then examine each item—all of them—to see if it sparks joy.
句子的"并列主句 + 嵌套宾语从句"结构在四六级和考研阅读中非常常见，破折号插入同位语、不定式作目的状语、"if"引导宾语从句等都是高频句式，掌握后可大量复用，代表性较强。
- It seems Marie's TV show is having a big impact after all.
"It seems + 主语从句"是四六级和考研阅读中的高频句式,形式主语结构和主语从句都是常考语法点。掌握这种结构可迁移到"It appears/happens/turns out + 从句"等大量同类句型,典型性强。
- It sold as many as fifty boxes of books.
主谓宾简单句在真题中常见，但本句的 "as many as + 数词" 强调结构和 "boxes of books" 搭配属于常规表达，并非高频考点句式，典型性中等。
- At just 12 years old, Mike Hannon is making a difference in his community one lunch at a time.
本句涵盖主语、谓语、宾语、以及三个不同类型的状语（年龄状语、地点状语、方式状语），成分种类较为丰富，适合练习识别状语的多样性和位置。但缺少定语、补语、从句等更复杂成分，训练价值中等偏上。
- "Mike's Lunches of Love" has fed more than 2,000 of the town's most vulnerable residents.
主谓宾的简单句结构在各类考试中常见，现在完成时也是常考时态，但本句缺少复杂修饰成分和从句结构，作为典型真题句式的代表性中等，掌握后可复用到类似的简单陈述句中
- In a recent study carried out by psychologists on the disruptive effects of smartphones, two groups of college students were given word search puzzles.
被动语态简单句在四六级和考研阅读中频繁出现,尤其是学术或研究类文本常用此结构陈述实验步骤或结果,本句的 "主语 + be + 过去分词 + 宾语" 搭配句首较长状语的模式具有较高代表性,掌握后可迁移应用
- The first group was told to complete the puzzles with its participants' smartphones in their line of sight.
"be told to do" 是四六级和考研阅读中的高频被动结构，常用于描述实验、指令或规定。句中不定式后接介词短语作状语的组合也是典型长难句的常见模式。掌握本句结构后，可迁移至大量类似表达，代表性强。
- The second group, however, was told that the phones would interfere with the equipment in the experiment, and would need to be moved away from the testing area.
覆盖了被动语态主句、宾语从句、并列谓语、方式状语、不定式宾语等多种成分,尤其宾语从句整体作宾语、并列谓语共享主语、被动不定式作宾语这些点是易错易混的典型结构,练习价值较高
- Technology is a great tool; however, it's important to recognize its downsides.
分号连接并列句、"however"引导转折、"it is + 形容词 + to do"句型都是常见结构，具备一定典型性；但句子整体较短、结构简单，作为真题句式的代表性中等。
- They could not go on until the ringing stopped.
"主句 + until 时间状语从句" 是四六级和考研阅读中的常见句式,用于表达 "直到某事发生才能做某事" 的时间逻辑,具有较高的代表性和迁移价值。
- Take effective measures to raise productivity.
祈使句在真题中时有出现（尤其是建议类、命令类表达），"take measures to do" 也是常见搭配，具有一定代表性；但祈使句的出题频率远低于陈述句和疑问句，学习迁移范围中等。
本卷出现的 203 个英语四级真题高频词
下列单词既在本卷录音原文中出现，又是 英语四级 历年真题的高频词（在该考试真题中出现的句子数均不少于 8）。每个词标注本卷 出现次数与该考试真题句频，点击可查看该词的释义、音标、词形与真题例句。
- appB1n. 应用程序
- cashA2n. 现金
- paymentB1n. 支付
- effectA2n. 影响
- customerA2n. 顾客，客户
- wouldA1aux. （will 的过去式）将要，会
- firefighterA2n. 消防员
- lessA1det. 较少的
- localA2adj. 当地的
- amountA2n. 数量
- securityB1n. 安全
- officialB1adj. 官方的
- removeA2v. 移开
- smartphoneB1n. 智能手机
- puzzleB1n. 谜
- accordC1n. （国家、团体间的）协议
- impactB2n. 影响
- simplyB1adv. 仅仅，只不过
- signA1n. 标志
- declineB2v. 下降
- accountA2n. 账户
- powerA2n. 权力
- deliverB1v. 递送，运送（货物、信件等）
- itemA2n. 项目
- purchaseB1v. 购买
- appealB2v. 呼吁
- blockA2n. 街区
- donationB2n. 捐赠
- homelessB1adj. 无家可归的
- reductionB2n. 减少
- confusionB2n. 困惑
- exhaustB2v. 使筋疲力尽
- likelyA2adj. 很可能的
- employeeA2n. 雇员，员工
- lackB1v. 缺少
- affectB1v. 影响
- behaviorB1n. 行为
- communityB1n. 社区
- gainB1v. 获得;赢得
- climateB1n. 气候
- attackA2v. 攻击
- demandB1v. 坚决要求
- realizeB1v. 意识到，认识到
- responseB1n. 回答
- generationB2n. 一代人
- contactB1n. 联系
- staffB1n. 全体员工
- manufacturerB2n. 制造商
- rareB1adj. 稀有的
- equipmentB1n. 设备
- seriesB1n. 系列
- productivityB2n. 生产率
- unusualB1adj. 不寻常的
- deliveryB1n. 递送
- vulnerableC1adj. 易受伤害的
- stuffA2n. 东西
- seriouslyB1adv. 严肃地
- wisdomB2n. 智慧
- incidentB2n. （尤指不寻常或令人不快的）事件，事情
- okayA2adj. 可以的
- woodenA2adj. 木制的，木头的
- dramaticB2adj. 巨大的
- permanentB2adj. 永久的
- sparkB1n. 火花
- apologizeB1v. 道歉;认错
- kindnessB1n. 善良;仁慈(品质)
- representativeB2n. 代表
- barrierB2n. 障碍物
- liquidB1n. 液体
- substanceB2n. 物质
- onlineA2adj. 在线的
- betterA1adj. 更好的（good 的比较级）
- tendB1v. 倾向于，往往会
- productA2n. 产品
- participantB2n. 参与者
- focusB1n. 重点
- physicalB1adj. 身体的
- baseA2n. 基础
- caseA2n. 情况
- accordingB1prep. 根据
- mentalB1adj. 精神的
- issueB1n. 问题
- globalB2adj. 全球的
- academicB2adj. 学术的
- measureB1v. 测量
- performanceB1n. 表演
- currentB1adj. 现在的
- effectiveB1adj. 有效的，起作用的
- positiveB1adj. 积极的
- connectionB1n. 联系
- residentB2n. 居民
- optionB1n. 选择
- solveA2v. 解决（问题、困难）
- engageB2v. 参与;从事
- negativeB1adj. 否定的
- seekB1v. 寻找
- mediumB1adj. 中等的
- ensureB2v. 确保
- struggleB1v. 奋斗
- wrongA2adj. 错误的
- performB1v. 执行
- approachB1v. 靠近，接近（在空间或时间上）
- emotionalB1adj. 情绪的
- easilyA2adv. 容易地
- replaceA2v. 替换，更换（用新的代替旧的）
- budgetB1n. 预算
- attendA2v. 出席，参加（会议、活动等）
- revealB2v. 揭示
- despiteB1prep. 尽管
- fundB2n. 资金
- interactionB2n. 相互作用
- pollutionB1n. 污染
- quicklyA2adv. 快速地
- banB2v. 禁止
- siteA2n. 地点
- creditB1n. 赊购，赊账
- exactlyB1adv. 精确地
- flightA2n. 航班
- indicateB2v. 表明
- respondB1v. 回答，答复
- laneB1n. 车道
- recognizeB1v. 认出
- recommendB1v. 推荐
- instanceB2n. 例子
- missionB1n. 任务
- aheadA2adv. 在前面
- protectionB1n. 保护
- styleA2n. 方式
- theoryB1n. 理论
- awareA2adj. 知道的
- electronicB1adj. 电子的
- psychologistB2n. 心理学家
- campaignB2n. 运动
- drivingA2n. 驾驶
- improvementB1n. 改进
- gasA2n. 气体
- brandB1n. 品牌，商标
- unableA2adj. 不能的
- complexB2adj. 复杂的，难懂的
- psychologicalB2adj. 心理的
- transferB1v. 转移
- installB1v. 安装（设备、软件）
- massiveB2adj. 巨大的，大量的
- commentB1n. 评论
- discountB1n. 折扣;减价
- walletA2n. 钱包
- efficiencyB2n. 效率
- inspireB2v. 激励
- complainA2v. 抱怨
- mayorB1n. 市长
- minorB2adj. 较小的
- concentrateB1v. 集中注意力
- crashB1v. （车辆）猛撞，碰撞
- missingA2adj. 找不到的
- pumpB1n. 泵
- ridB2v. 使摆脱
- tendencyB2n. 倾向
- wageB1n. 工资
- certainlyA2adv. 当然
- charityB1n. 慈善机构
- regardingB2prep. 关于
- selectB1v. 选择，挑选
- spendingA2n. 开支
- sufficientB2adj. 足够的
- anxiousB1adj. 焦虑的
- atmosphereB2n. 气氛
- donateB2v. 捐赠，捐献（金钱、物品等）
- loadB1n. 负载
- tapB1v. 轻敲、轻拍
- apartmentA2n. 公寓
- frozenA2adj. 冷冻的
- phenomenonB2n. 现象
- suddenlyA2adv. 突然地
- waveA2n. 波浪
- approveB1v. 批准，认可（正式同意）
- creationB2n. 创造
- floodB1n. 洪水
- garbageB1n. 垃圾
- stretchB1v. 伸展
- threatenB1v. 威胁;恐吓
- alterB2v. 改变，更改（使某物与之前不同）
- deriveB2v. 获得
- obstacleB2n. 障碍物
- poorlyB1adv. 糟糕地
- shelterB1n. 遮蔽处
- categoryB1n. 类别
- emitB2v. 发出，排放（光、热、气体等）
- incrediblyB2adv. 极其，非常（表示程度）
- scarB2n. 伤疤
- spanB2n. 时间段
- testingB1n. 测试
- uncomfortableB1adj. 不舒服的
- fileA2n. 文件
- interfereB2v. 干涉，介入（他人事务）
- occupyB2v. 占据，占用（空间、时间）
- pileB1n. 堆
- botherB1v. 打扰;烦扰
- crackB1v. 破裂
- deedB2n. 行为
- excessiveB2adj. 过多的
- grabB1v. 抓住
- possessionB2n. 拥有
- verbalB2adj. 口头的
全卷录音原文 666 词按 CEFR 难度累积覆盖
全卷录音原文去重后共 666 个单词，按欧框 CEFR 等级统计。每根柱表示「该等级及以下」的累积占比（CDF），最右一柱为 100%。B2 以上（C1/C2）为高阶词，本卷共 5 个 · 约 1%。
- 去重总词数
- 666
- B2 以上难词
- 1%
- B1 及以下覆盖
- 86%
常见问题
围绕本套听力的答案、录音来源与体裁、词汇难度与逐题选项依据，逐条给出可核对的答案。
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力的答案分别是什么？
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力全卷共 25 题，标准答案依次为：1 A · 2 D · 3 C · 4 A · 5 B · 6 D · 7 B · 8 A · 9 D · 10 B · 11 C · 12 C · 13 B · 14 A · 15 C · 16 B · 17 A · 18 C · 19 A · 20 D · 21 D · 22 A · 23 B · 24 C · 25 C。答案字母分布为 A 7 · B 6 · C 7 · D 5。
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力的录音原文分哪几篇？各考多少题？
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力按卷面顺序分为：Section A 短篇新闻（3 篇）1–7 题；Section B 长对话（2 篇）8–15 题；Section C 听力篇章（3 篇）16–25 题。体裁构成为 短篇新闻 3 · 长对话 2 · 听力篇章 3，全卷连续编号、录音只播一遍。
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力的词汇难度如何？
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力全卷录音原文去重后共 666 个单词，按 CEFR 难度累积覆盖：A1 及以下约 37%、A2 及以下约 66%、B1 及以下约 86%、B2 及以下约 99%，B2 以上（C1/C2）难词共 5 个、约占 1%。
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力出现了哪些英语四级高频词？
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力的录音原文出现 203 个英语四级真题高频词（这些词在历年英语四级真题中出现的句子数均不少于 8 句）。按出现次数排在前的有：app（本卷 9 次，n. 应用程序）、cash（本卷 8 次，n. 现金）、payment（本卷 8 次，n. 支付）、effect（本卷 7 次，n. 影响）、customer（本卷 6 次，n. 顾客，客户）、would（本卷 5 次，aux. （will 的过去式）将要，会）、firefighter（本卷 5 次，n. 消防员）、less（本卷 4 次，det. 较少的）。
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 1 题：What has caused the thick clouds in the photos taken by NASA satellite? 答案是什么？为什么选 A？
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 1 题是细节题，正确答案 A）Ship traffic in the Atlantic。答案句出自录音「NASA officials explained those thicker clouds are signs of ship traffic below. When ships power their way through the ocean, they pump exhaust into the atmosphere, just as cars do. And those massive amounts of particles can cause clouds to form」（NASA 官员解释说，那些更厚的云是下方船只航行的标志。当船只破浪穿行于海洋时，它们会像汽车一样把尾气排入大气。而那大量的颗粒物能够促使云的形成），靠因果词 cause 连起两端定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（those thicker clouds are signs of ship traffic below ↔ Ship traffic in the Atlantic.；those massive amounts of particles can cause clouds to form ↔ Ship traffic in the Atlantic.）。其余选项：B 项属未提及（Warm currents in the ocean. 听着像海洋话题，但录音通篇没说暖流造成云；只提到 North Atlantic 这片海域，未提 warm currents，属凭海洋联想的无中生有）；C 项属原词陷阱（Exhaust from cars in Europe. 偷了录音里的原词：录音确实说船排尾气 just as cars do，只是拿汽车作类比，真正造云的是船不是汽车；选项把类比对象 cars 当成了真凶，是典型原词陷阱）；D 项属原词陷阱（Particles emitted by power plants. 盗了录音原词 particles：录音的颗粒物是船排出的(ships…pump exhaust)，而非 power plants 电厂；录音从头到尾没出现 power plants，选项把颗粒物的来源偷换成了电厂），均可排除。
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 2 题：What do NASA officials think about the thick clouds? 答案是什么？为什么选 D？
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 2 题是态度观点题，正确答案 D）They may be affecting the world's climate。答案句出自录音「It's likely that these sorts of clouds are having some effect on the global climate, according to NASA officials. But scientists aren't yet sure what effect it has」（据 NASA 官员说，这类云很可能正对全球气候产生某种影响。但科学家尚不确定它具体有什么影响），靠结尾结论句 + according to定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（these sorts of clouds are having some effect on the global climate ↔ They may be affecting the world's climate.；It's likely that ↔ They may be affecting the world's climate.）。其余选项：A 项属未提及（They need to be taken seriously. 听起来像合理表态，但录音里官员只说'很可能影响气候'，从未说要'认真对待/重视'这些云，属于没有依据的拔高，原文未提）；B 项属原词陷阱（They have a huge effect on fishery. 偷了录音里的原词：录音前面说云 These clouds can be huge，又说 having some effect on the global climate，选项拼凑 huge 和 effect，却把对象换成了根本没提的 fishery 渔业，是原词陷阱叠加无中生有）；C 项属偷换概念（They might be causing trouble to air flights. 借了录音'有某种影响'的意思，却把受影响对象换成 air flights 航班——录音只说影响 global climate，从未提航班，属于把影响对象偷换），均可排除。
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 3 题：For what purpose did the staff at a supermarket in Melbourne sign a letter? 答案是什么？为什么选 C？
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 3 题是目的题，正确答案 C）To call for a permanent security guard。答案句出自录音「More than 50 workers at the store have signed a letter calling for a permanent security guard following a series of incidents, including a customer threatening to attack a supervisor with a knife」（店里 50 多名员工签署了一封信，在一连串事件（包括一名顾客威胁要持刀袭击一位主管）之后，呼吁配备一名长期保安），靠动词 signed a letter 紧跟诉求 calling for定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（calling for a permanent security guard ↔ To call for a permanent security guard.）。其余选项：A 项属未提及（To appeal for higher wages. 说"为加薪"。录音通篇没提工资，只谈安全与保安——这是"员工签信常被想成为了待遇"的常识替代，属未提及）；B 项属偷换概念（To demand better health care. 说"为更好的医疗"。录音从未提 health care，谈的全是人身安全（security / guard）。它把"安全"偷换成"医疗保健"，靠 care 一类词制造"好像听过"的熟悉感）；D 项属原词陷阱（To dismiss the bad-tempered supervisor. 说"为开除坏脾气的主管"。supervisor 确实是录音原词，但原文是 a customer threatening to attack a supervisor with a knife——主管是"被顾客威胁"的受害者，不是员工要开除的对象。它盗用 supervisor 让你"听到就想选"，实则张冠李戴），均可排除。
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 4 题：What did the spokesman of the supermarket say regarding the employees' demand? 答案是什么？为什么选 A？
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 4 题是细节题，正确答案 A）It had already taken strong action。答案句出自录音「However, the spokesman of the supermarket said the store had taken strong action in response to incidents」（然而，超市的发言人说，门店已经针对这些事件采取了有力的应对行动），靠转折 However + 引述 spokesman said定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（had taken strong action in response to incidents ↔ It had already taken strong action.）。其余选项：B 项属未提及（It would put customers' needs first. 说"会把顾客需求放首位"。发言人确实提到顾客，但从没说"以顾客为先"；这是借"超市当然重视顾客"的常识硬填，属未提及）；C 项属偷换概念（It would take their appeal seriously. 说"会认真对待诉求"，是最像标准回应、最顺耳的一项。但发言人原话是 had taken strong action——讲的是"已经做了有力行动"，不是"将会认真对待"。它把"已做"偷换成"将认真对待"，且这话录音根本没说）；D 项属未提及（It was seeking help from the police. 说"正在向警方求助"。录音里发言人提到的应对是 banning a customer from the store（封禁顾客），从未提报警 / police。它顺着"安全事件常报警"的惯性硬接，属未提及），均可排除。
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 5 题：What did drivers on the motorway to Warsaw find? 答案是什么？为什么选 B？
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 5 题是细节题，正确答案 B）The road was blocked。答案句出自录音「Drivers on their way to the Polish capital of Warsaw on Wednesday morning found the road blocked by an unusual obstacle: tons of liquid chocolate that spilled onto the motorway」（周三早晨，前往波兰首都华沙的司机们发现道路被一个不寻常的障碍物堵住了：数吨洒到高速公路上的液态巧克力），靠题干原话 found 直接对上定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（found the road blocked ↔ The road was blocked.）。其余选项：A 项属原词陷阱（录音说 liquid chocolate that spilled onto the motorway（液态巧克力洒到路上），选项 The road was flooded. 把"洒出液体"夸成"被水淹"。听到 liquid、spilled 就想到"淹"，但录音的状态词是 blocked（堵），不是 flooded（淹））；C 项属原词陷阱（录音后面消防员说清理巧克力 was worse than dealing with snow（比处理雪还难），只是拿"雪"作比较；选项 The road was frozen with snow. 却把"雪"说成路面真被雪冻住。snow 是录音念过的词，但它出现在比喻里，不是路的实际状况）；D 项属偷换概念（录音洒的是 liquid chocolate（液态巧克力），选项 The road was covered with spilled gas. 把"洒出物"偷换成 gas（汽油）。"路被洒出物覆盖"这个框架对，但具体物质被换错了），均可排除。
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 6 题：What does the report say about the accident? 答案是什么？为什么选 D？
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 6 题是细节题，正确答案 D）A truck hit a barrier and overturned。答案句出自录音「A truck carrying the sweet load hit a road barrier and overturned, blocking two lanes」（一辆载着甜蜜货物的卡车撞上路边护栏后翻车，堵住了两条车道），靠动作链 hit…and overturned 交代经过定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（hit a road barrier and overturned ↔ A truck hit a barrier and overturned.）。其余选项：A 项属与原文相反（选项 A truck plunged into a pool of liquid chocolate. 说卡车"冲进巧克力液池"，把巧克力当成事故起因；但录音是先 hit a road barrier and overturned、罐裂后才 spilled a pool of rapidly-hardening chocolate——巧克力是翻车的结果，不是起因。pool、liquid chocolate 都是录音原词，顺序却被颠倒）；B 项属原词陷阱（选项 The heavy snow made driving very difficult. 把事故归因于大雪，但录音里 snow 只出现在 was worse than dealing with snow 的比喻中，根本没说当天下雪、更没说雪致驾驶困难。这是借"念过的 snow"硬造一个录音没有的起因）；C 项属未提及（选项 The truck driver dozed off while driving. 说司机开车打瞌睡，录音只提到 the driver was taken to hospital with a broken arm（司机手臂骨折送医），从没说他瞌睡。"卡车出事=司机疲劳"是常识脑补，录音并未提及），均可排除。
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 7 题：What did the firefighters' representative tell the local TV? 答案是什么？为什么选 B？
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 7 题是细节题，正确答案 B）It was a hard task to remove the spilled substance。答案句出自录音「A representative for the firefighters told the local TV that removing the chocolate was worse than dealing with snow」（消防部门的一位发言人告诉当地电视台，清除这些巧克力比处理积雪还要麻烦），靠told 引出的直接引语定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（removing the chocolate was worse than dealing with snow ↔ It was a hard task to remove the spilled substance.）。其余选项：A 项属张冠李戴（选项 It was a long time before the cleanup was finished. 说清理"花了很久"。录音里确有 the long task ahead 暗示任务漫长，但那是叙述者的话、不是发言人 told 的内容；发言人说的是"难"（worse than snow），不是"久"。盗用了 long 一词，又张冠李戴换了说话人）；C 项属未提及（选项 It was fortunate that no passenger got injured. 说幸好没乘客受伤，但录音明说 the driver was taken to hospital with a broken arm——司机手臂骨折，且全程没提乘客。既与"有人受伤"相悖，也不是发言人说的内容）；D 项属原词陷阱（选项 It was difficult to contact the manufacturer. 说难联系厂家。录音确有 After contacting the chocolate manufacturer（联系了厂家之后），说明厂家已联系上、根本不难；contact、manufacturer 都是原词，却凭空加了"困难"，且非发言人 told 的内容），均可排除。
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 8 题：Why did the woman decide to go back to cash for payment? 答案是什么？为什么选 A？
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 8 题是细节题，正确答案 A）She wanted to save for a new phone。答案句出自录音「I'm trying to save money for a new phone, and I find that using cash rather than payment apps helps me to save」（我正想攒钱买部新手机，而且我发现用现金而不用支付 App 能帮我省钱），靠被问者的直接应答定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（save money for a new phone ↔ save for a new phone）。其余选项：B 项属原词陷阱（B 借用了录音反复出现的 using cash 这个原词，但她说用现金是为了"省钱"，全程没说现金"更安全（safer）"，B 把"省钱"偷换成了"安全"，听到 cash 就选会中招）；C 项属未提及（C 说用现金能"享受折扣（discount）"，但录音里女方只讲省钱与心理感受，从未提到现金有任何折扣，属凭空添加的理由）；D 项属原词陷阱（D 借用录音里的 using an app / phone apps 这一原词，编出"用 App 被骗过（cheated）"的理由，但录音从头到尾没提任何"被骗"的事，是用熟词加吓人情节做的干扰），均可排除。
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 9 题：What happens when people use apps for payment according to the woman? 答案是什么？为什么选 D？
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 9 题是细节题，正确答案 D）They are less aware of the value of their money。答案句出自录音「I believe we have less connection with the value of our money when we just tap the "Approve" buttons on our phones」（我觉得，当我们只是在手机上点一下"确认"键时，我们和钱的价值之间的联系就变弱了），靠观点句 I believe 引出结论定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（we have less connection with the value of our money ↔ They are less aware of the value of their money.）。其余选项：A 项属答非所问（A 说用 App"省时省力（save time and trouble）"，听上去是手机支付的常识好处，但女方这段讲的是"对钱的价值感变弱"，根本没说省时省事，A 是用生活常识脑补、答非所问）；B 项属答非所问（B 说用 App 让人"更容易买东西（less difficult to make purchases）"，与女方强调的"对钱的价值更没感觉"不是一回事，是另一个看似合理却未被女方说出的方向）；C 项属未提及（C 说人们"从买东西中获得更多快乐（greater pleasure）"，但录音里女方谈的是花钱时的心理"麻木"，从未说更快乐，pleasure 是凭空加进来的情绪词），均可排除。
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 10 题：What might the man tend to buy with payment apps? 答案是什么？为什么选 B？
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 10 题是细节题，正确答案 B）More non-essential things。答案句出自录音「Since I stopped carrying cash around and started using my phone apps to pay, I may have developed a tendency to buy more small or non-essential items」（自从我不再随身带现金、开始用手机 App 付款以来，我可能养成了买更多小件或非必需品的倾向），靠被问者本人自述 tendency to buy定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（buy more small or non-essential items ↔ More non-essential things.）。其余选项：A 项属与原文相反（A 说买"更贵重的东西（valuable items）"，借用了录音 items 这个原词，但男方说的是买"small（小件）"非必需品，与"贵重"正好相反，极性反了）；C 项属与原文相反（C 的"everyday necessities（日常必需品）"与录音 non-essential items 只差一个否定前缀，盗用了"essential"这个词根，却把"非必需"偷换成"必需"，意思正好掉头）；D 项属未提及（D 说买"电子产品（electronic devices）"，因为整段在聊"手机、App"显得很搭，但录音从没说男方买电子产品，是借话题氛围编出来的干扰），均可排除。
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 11 题：What does the man think of electronic payment? 答案是什么？为什么选 C？
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 11 题是态度观点题，正确答案 C）It may lead to excessive spending。答案句出自录音「I stopped using my credit card because I found I was spending excessively. Perhaps I should take the same approach of paying using my phone」（我已经不用信用卡了，因为我发现自己花钱太过头。也许我对手机付款也该采取同样的做法（不用它）），靠负面措辞 spending excessively 透态度定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（I found I was spending excessively ↔ It may lead to excessive spending.）。其余选项：A 项属答非所问（A 说电子支付"提高购物效率（improve shopping efficiency）"，是手机支付的常识优点，但男方全程在讲它让人乱花钱，从没夸它效率高，A 靠常识脑补、与他的负面态度不符）；B 项属答非所问（B 说电子支付"正在改变购物方式（altering the way of shopping）"，这话本身没错、也算贴题，但它只是客观描述"在变"，没表明男方"怎么看"，题问的是态度（think of），B 答非所问）；D 项属未提及（D 说电子支付"更吸引年轻人（appeals more to younger people）"，但录音里两人从没谈到年龄或年轻人，younger people 是凭空添加的内容），均可排除。
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 12 题：Why did the man call the woman? 答案是什么？为什么选 C？
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 12 题是目的题，正确答案 C）He had a problem with the furniture delivered。答案句出自录音「M: No, no. The table is fine. The problem is the chairs」（男：不不，桌子没问题。问题出在椅子上），靠男方应答点出问题所在定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（The problem is the chairs. ↔ He had a problem with the furniture delivered.；the delivery was this morning ↔ the furniture delivered）。其余选项：A 项属原词陷阱（录音开头女方提到 the wooden table，后文又有 purchased、order 等词，A 项 He wanted to order some wooden furniture 把 wooden、order 这些原词拼起来，但男方打电话不是去下新订单，而是投诉送错货，属听到原词就想选的陷阱）；B 项属原词陷阱（录音确实多次出现 delivery、this morning、tomorrow 9 a.m. 等时间与送货词，B 项 He had to change the furniture delivery time 借这些词制造假象，但男方从没要求更改送货时间，改时间的话是女方为退换货才提的）；D 项属未提及（买家投诉容易让人联想到要退款，但录音里男方只要求换成对的椅子，女方也只承诺换货，自始至终没人提 refund，D 项 He wanted the furniture store to give him a refund 是凭常识脑补、录音未提及），均可排除。
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 13 题：What did the woman ask the man to do? 答案是什么？为什么选 B？
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 13 题是细节题，正确答案 B）Describe the furniture he received。答案句出自录音「W: Do you mind describing the chairs that were delivered to your apartment, Mr. Brown?」（女：布朗先生，您介意描述一下送到您公寓的那些椅子吗？），靠Do you mind 是请求信号定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（describing the chairs that were delivered ↔ Describe the furniture he received）。其余选项：A 项属张冠李戴（录音后文女方说 We will send a van to collect those four，是商家派车来取、把货送回店里，A 项 Send the furniture back to the store 把这个送回动作安到男方头上，可这是商家做的、不是女方请男方做的，属张冠李戴）；C 项属原词陷阱（录音里 collect 出自女方的 send a van to collect those four，是商家来取货，C 项 Collect the furniture he ordered 借 collect 一词制造假象，但取货是商家的事，且 collect 的是错送的椅子不是他订的货，方向也反了）；D 项属未提及（D 项 Buy another brand of furniture 说让男方另买一个牌子的家具，录音里女方只承诺换成原来订的 Milano 椅子，从没让他改买别的品牌，brand 一词也未出现，属未提及），均可排除。
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 14 题：What did the woman promise to do for the man? 答案是什么？为什么选 A？
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 14 题是细节题，正确答案 A）Correct their mistake。答案句出自录音「W: ... I'm terribly sorry. We will send a van to collect those four and replace them with the Milano you purchased. Will tomorrow 9 a.m. be okay, Mr. Brown?」（女：……非常抱歉。我们会派一辆车来把这四把收走，换成您当初买的 Milano 椅子。明天上午九点方便吗，布朗先生？），靠We will 是承诺信号定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（replace them with the Milano you purchased ↔ Correct their mistake；there must have been some confusion with the order ↔ mistake）。其余选项：B 项属未提及（B 项 Improve their service 说商家承诺改进服务，但录音里女方只承诺这一单的换货处理，从没说今后要改善服务，service 一词也没出现，属凭印象拔高、未提及）；C 项属原词陷阱（录音里女方确实说了 I'm terribly sorry，C 项 Apologize to his wife 借这个道歉做文章，但她是向男方布朗先生道歉、不是向他妻子，且本题问的是承诺去做的事，道歉是当场动作不是承诺，方向也错）；D 项属未提及（D 项 Give the money back 退钱，是顾客投诉时最容易联想到的结果，但录音里女方的承诺是换货不是退款，全程没出现 refund 或 money back，属凭常识想当然、未提及），均可排除。
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 15 题：What did the woman do at the end of the conversation? 答案是什么？为什么选 C？
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 15 题是细节题，正确答案 C）She apologized to the man once more。答案句出自录音「W: Okay, great. Once again, I'm sorry for the confusion and trouble caused」（女：好的。再一次，对于这次弄错和造成的麻烦我很抱歉），靠末句 Once again sorry 是收尾道歉定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（Once again, I'm sorry ↔ She apologized to the man once more）。其余选项：A 项属未提及（A 项 She recommended a new style 说女方推荐新款式，但录音里她只承诺换回男方原订的 Milano，从没推荐任何新样式，style、recommend 都没出现，属未提及）；B 项属未提及（B 项 She offered some gift to the man 说女方送礼，录音里女方只做了道歉和安排换货，从未提供任何礼物，gift 一词全程没出现，属未提及）；D 项属原词陷阱（录音前文男方自己核对过 The mirror and two paintings are here 等物品，D 项 She checked all the items with the man 借这个核对场景做文章，但核对清单的是男方、且发生在对话中段不是结尾，本题问的是女方在结尾做的事，人和时点都对不上），均可排除。
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 16 题：What is Marie Kondo's TV show about? 答案是什么？为什么选 B？
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 16 题是主旨题，正确答案 B）Tidying up one's home。答案句出自录音「Say hello to a TV show called "Tidying Up with Marie Kondo", a home improvement show based on her wildly popular book The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up」（来认识一档叫《和近藤麻理惠一起整理》的电视节目，这是一档家居改善类节目，改编自她那本极受欢迎的书《怦然心动的人生整理魔法》），靠开头点题句直接报出节目名与定位定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（Tidying Up with Marie Kondo ↔ Tidying up one's home.；a home improvement show ↔ Tidying up one's home.）。其余选项：A 项属原词陷阱（录音确有 her wildly popular book 和 share the wisdom of the "KonMari" method，A 把 book、wisdom 两个原词拼成 Reading books of wisdom.，但那本书只是节目的来源、wisdom 指整理方法的智慧，节目本身不是“读智慧之书”，属听到原词就想选的陷阱）；C 项属原词陷阱（录音说近藤 share the wisdom of the "KonMari" method，C 借 share 造出 Sharing with others.，可原文 share 的宾语是“整理方法的智慧”，不是“和别人分享东西”，主题更不是分享，属答非所问的原词陷阱）；D 项属原词陷阱（录音后半提到人们 bringing piles of donation bags to used goods stores，D 据此造出 Donating to charity.，但捐赠只是节目带来的“效果”而非节目本身的主题，且原文是捐到二手店、并非 charity，既偷换概念又答非所问），均可排除。
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 17 题：What things can be kept in one's home according to Marie Kondo? 答案是什么？为什么选 A？
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 17 题是细节题，正确答案 A）Things that make one happy。答案句出自录音「...examine each item—all of them—to see if it sparks joy. If it does, you keep it」（……逐一检视每件物品——全部都要——看它是否让你心动（带来喜悦）。如果会，你就留下它），靠条件句 If it does, you keep it 给出“留下”的标准定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（if it sparks joy ↔ Things that make one happy.；you keep it ↔ can be kept）。其余选项：B 项属未提及（录音判定标准只有“是否 spark joy”，全程没有任何关于“东西稀有/将变稀有”的说法，Things that are becoming rare. 是凭空添加的标准）；C 项属未提及（原文整理的标准是 joy，与物品占地大小无关；Things that occupy little space. 把一个常识里合理、但录音没说的标准塞进来，属未提及）；D 项属未提及（近藤的标准是看是否 sparks joy，与价格无关，甚至贵而不让你心动的也该丢；Things that cost a lot of money. 既非原文标准，又与“按心动取舍”的精神相左），均可排除。
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 18 题：What do we learn about one used bookstore this January? 答案是什么？为什么选 C？
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 18 题是细节题，正确答案 C）It received an incredibly large number of donated books。答案句出自录音「One used bookstore received a month's worth of books in donations in a week when a man gave over fifty boxes of books from his home」（一家二手书店在一周内收到的捐书量相当于平常一个月，因为有一个人把家里五十多箱书都捐了出来），靠对象 + 时间复现，紧跟的动词 received 是落点定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（received a month's worth of books in donations in a week ↔ received an incredibly large number of donated books；gave over fifty boxes of books ↔ an incredibly large number of donated books）。其余选项：A 项属张冠李戴（录音说 People seemed determined to clean up their homes，A 借 clean-up 造出 It joined the city's clean-up campaign.，可 clean up 的主语是“人们整理自家”，根本没说书店参加什么城市清理活动，属张冠李戴式原词陷阱）；B 项属原词陷阱（录音原文是一个人 gave over fifty boxes of books（捐出五十多箱给书店），B 直接搬来数字造出 It sold as many as fifty boxes of books.，把动作从“收到捐赠”偷换成“书店卖出”，数字耳熟但方向全反，是最毒的原词陷阱）；D 项属与原文相反（录音说一月通常因为 it's cold and people don't want to bother 捐赠少，但 not this January——今年反而捐赠暴增；D 造出 It did little business because of the unusual cold weather.，既偷用 cold，又取了被 but 否定掉的“前半”，与原文结论相反），均可排除。
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 19 题：What does Mike Hannon do to help people in his town? 答案是什么？为什么选 A？
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 19 题是细节题，正确答案 A）Give free meals to the homeless。答案句出自录音「"Mike's Lunches of Love" has fed more than 2,000 of the town's most vulnerable residents. Mike delivers meals to the homeless」（迈克的爱心午餐已经为镇上 2000 多名最弱势的居民提供了食物。迈克把饭菜送到无家可归者手中），靠反复出现的核心动作 fed / delivers meals定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（Mike delivers meals to the homeless ↔ Give free meals to the homeless.）。其余选项：B 项属原词陷阱（Provide shelter for the homeless. 借用了原文里的 the homeless 这个原词来制造听到就想选的诱惑，但录音说的是送饭（meals），从没说提供住处（shelter），把帮助方式偷换了）；C 项属原词陷阱（Help the vulnerable to cook lunches. 偷用了原文 most vulnerable residents 的 vulnerable 一词，且 lunches 让人联想到 Lunches of Love，听着很耳熟；但原文是他亲自送饭给弱势者，不是帮弱势者自己做午饭，动作主体和方式都被改了）；D 项属原词陷阱（Call for change in the local government. 里的 change 看似呼应原文 change them，但原文的 change 指改变受助者的内心，而非呼吁地方政府改革；原文通篇讲做善事，根本没提向政府提诉求），均可排除。
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 20 题：What does Mike hope others will do? 答案是什么？为什么选 D？
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 20 题是细节题，正确答案 D）Following his example。答案句出自录音「He hopes his acts of charity will influence others to spread positive actions in their own towns」（他希望自己的慈善之举能影响别人，让他们在自己的城镇也去传播积极的行动），靠愿望动词 hopes 直接领出期望定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（influence others to spread positive actions in their own towns ↔ Following his example.）。其余选项：A 项属未提及（Strengthen co-operation. 是个听着很正面的大词，但原文从没说他希望大家加强合作；他要的是别人各自在自己城镇行善（spread positive actions），不是彼此协作。属于原文未出现的内容）；B 项属未提及（Promote understanding. 同样是个正面大词，原文没有任何关于增进理解的表述。他的愿望明确是 spread positive actions（传播积极行动），与增进理解不是一回事）；C 项属原词陷阱（Win national support. 里的 national 容易呼应原文后文反复出现的 all over the country，让人听着耳熟；但赢得全国支持讲的是他自己声名远播的结果，不是他希望别人做的事，答非所问），均可排除。
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 21 题：How are people all over the country responding to what Mike is doing? 答案是什么？为什么选 D？
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 21 题是细节题，正确答案 D）Sending him hand-made bags。答案句出自录音「People from all over the country are sending special handcrafted bags to help the young man with his mission to help those in need」（全国各地的人们正在寄送特制的手工袋子，来帮助这个少年完成他帮助困难者的使命），靠他人动作进行时 People are sending定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（People from all over the country are sending special handcrafted bags ↔ Sending him hand-made bags.）。其余选项：A 项属原词陷阱（Spreading news of his deeds. 借用了原文多次出现的 spread（spread positive actions / have spread all over the country）来制造耳熟，但原文 spread 的是积极行动和他的影响力，不是说人们在传播他事迹的新闻，答非所问）；B 项属张冠李戴（Writing him thank-you notes. 容易让人想起原文 Mike includes a handwritten message——但写手写留言的是迈克自己（写在每个袋子上），不是别人给迈克写感谢信。这是把迈克做的事安到别人头上的张冠李戴）；C 项属答非所问（Following the example he sets. 与 20 题答案 Following his example. 几乎同义，是迈克希望别人做的（his hope），不是别人实际的回应方式。原文讲别人实际在寄手工袋子，而非说人们已经在效仿他，把愿望偷换成了现实回应），均可排除。
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 22 题：What were the college students in both groups required to do in the study? 答案是什么？为什么选 A？
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 22 题是细节题，正确答案 A）To solve word search puzzles。答案句出自录音「two groups of college students were given word search puzzles」（两组大学生被分发了找词谜题（让他们解）），靠实验开头交代任务的句子定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（were given word search puzzles ↔ To solve word search puzzles.）。其余选项：B 项属原词陷阱（To send smartphone messages. 把原文反复出现的 smartphones 拿来装样子，但原文里手机只是被‘放在视线内/挪走/打进来响’的实验变量，从没让学生去‘发短信’，是听到 smartphone 就想选的原词陷阱）；C 项属未提及（To test their eyesight using a phone app. 听起来像个合理实验，但原文研究的是手机对‘注意力/专注’的干扰，全篇没提 eyesight 或 app，属凭常识臆造的未提及项）；D 项属原词陷阱（To install some audio equipment in a lab. 借了原文第二组被告知手机会 interfere with the equipment 里的 equipment 一词，但 equipment 是实验里的‘设备’、是手机要被挪开的理由，绝非让学生去‘安装音频设备’，把无关动作硬安在学生头上），均可排除。
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 23 题：What do we learn about many of the students in the second test group after the phone rang? 答案是什么？为什么选 B？
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 23 题是细节题，正确答案 B）They could no longer concentrate on their task。答案句出自录音「Many of the students in that group were unable to focus from then on, becoming anxious and performing more poorly than the first group」（那一组里许多学生从那以后再也无法集中注意力，变得焦虑，表现比第一组更差），靠事件之后紧跟的状态描述句定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（were unable to focus from then on ↔ They could no longer concentrate on their task.）。其余选项：A 项属与原文相反（They could not go on until the ringing stopped. 借了原文 let it ring for a while 的 ring，编成‘要等铃声停了才能继续’。但原文是‘从那以后一直无法专注’，并非‘等铃停就好了’，恰恰相反——干扰是持续的，这是盗用 ring 又改了意思的陷阱）；C 项属未提及（They grabbed the phone and called back right away. 描述学生抓起电话立刻回拨，原文里学生根本没碰电话（是 experimenter 打进来再挂掉），学生只是变得焦虑、表现变差，‘回拨’是凭想象添的动作）；D 项属张冠李戴（They asked their experimenter to hang up the phone. 借了原文 experimenter 和 hang up（before hanging up），但挂电话的是实验者本人主动挂的，不是学生要求他挂的，把动作的发起方安错了人），均可排除。
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 24 题：According to the passage, what is the most dramatic impact of smartphone use? 答案是什么？为什么选 C？
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 24 题是细节题，正确答案 C）A reduction in the amount of sleep。答案句出自录音「Perhaps the most dramatic impact is the reduction in the amount of sleep, which leads to poor health and weight gain」（也许最显著的影响是睡眠量的减少，它会导致健康变差和体重增加），靠最高级the most dramatic直接点题定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（the reduction in the amount of sleep ↔ A reduction in the amount of sleep.）。其余选项：A 项属原词陷阱（A rise in emotional problems. 蹭了第二段 express emotions 里的 emotion，但原文那句讲的是人们改用社交媒体表达情绪、并未说情绪问题‘上升’，更没把它列为‘最突出’的影响，属盗用 emotion 一词的陷阱）；B 项属未提及（A decline in sports activities. 说体育活动减少，原文只提到 human interactions（人际互动）减少，从未提及 sports，属凭常识联想（手机多→运动少）添出来的未提及项）；D 项属答非所问（A decline in academic performance. 对应原文 leads to poor grades，学业下滑原文确实提了，但它只是并列后果之一、没被冠以 the most dramatic，被最高级点名的是睡眠，故D是真有其事却答错重点的诱选），均可排除。
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 25 题：What does the speaker suggest people do? 答案是什么？为什么选 C？
- 英语四级2020年9月第1套听力第 25 题是目的题，正确答案 C）Realize the disruptive effects of technology。答案句出自录音「Technology is a great tool; however, it's important to recognize its downsides」（科技是个很好的工具；然而，认清它的负面作用很重要），靠转折however后的主张句定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（recognize its downsides ↔ Realize the disruptive effects of technology.）。其余选项：A 项属未提及（Protect the eyesight of the younger generation. 拼了原文末句 the future generation 的 generation，但 protect eyesight（保护视力）原文从没提，是借 generation 一词又凭常识添出来的未提及项）；B 项属原词陷阱（Take effective measures to raise productivity. 借了第三段 reduction of productivity 的 productivity，但原文把 productivity 下降列为科技的‘坏处之一’，说话人的主张是‘认清这些坏处’，而非‘采取措施提高生产力’，盗词又跑题）；D 项属答非所问（Ensure they have sufficient sleep every day. 蹭了第二、三段反复出现的 sleep，但‘保证充足睡眠’只是科技危害里的一个具体侧面，说话人结尾给的是总括主张‘认清科技的负面’，D把局部当成了说话人的整体建议），均可排除。