2021年12月·第2套 英语四级听力真题原文与答案解析

What was the woman's problem?

反复强调的核心症状即答案句。判定她问题是什么，要抓原文反复落在同一件事上的那句。第 2 段 started to have coughing problems、Her uncontrollable coughing was a mystery 两处都把焦点钉在咳嗽上，第 1 段也以 a persistent cough（持续的咳嗽）开篇——多处强调、贯穿始终的那个症状，就是她的核心问题，这就是答案信号。

• coughing problems↔coughing all the time同义改写：咳嗽的毛病等于一直在咳
• For 14 years↔all the time概括替换：长达 14 年等于一直总是

• A)原词陷阱选项 She was pierced by a chicken bone. 借用了原文确实念到的 a piece of chicken bone，听到 chicken bone 很容易手一抖就选。但原文说的是鸡骨头卡在肺里，是导致咳嗽的原因，而且并非 pierced（刺穿）；题问的是她表现出的问题——咳嗽，不是病因，故 A 答非所问。

  借用原文：a piece of chicken bone lodged in her lung

• C)原词陷阱选项 She suffered from lung cancer. 蹭了原文反复出现的 lung（肺），把肺里有东西夸大成肺癌。原文通篇只说咳嗽和鸡骨头，根本没出现 cancer 一词，这是把听到的 lung 顺手脑补成重病的陷阱。

  借用原文：lodged in her lung

• D)原词陷阱选项 She suffered from shock. 借了原文 was shocked to learn（得知时大为震惊）里的 shock。但原文的 shocked 指她得知真相时很吃惊这一情绪反应，不是她患的疾病；题问她的问题（毛病），故 D 张冠李戴、答非所问。

  借用原文：was shocked to learn

How was the woman's problem eventually solved?

结尾处交代最终处置的动作句。问最终怎么解决，答案信号是叙事收束段里那句表最后做了什么的动作句。第 3 段先靠扫描查出病因，紧接 Doctors performed surgery and removed the bone 给出明确处置动作——做手术取骨，这就是解决问题的那一刻，是答案句。

• Doctors performed surgery↔Through a surgical operation同根改写：做手术等于通过外科手术

• A)原词陷阱选项 By eating chicken soup daily. 蹭了原文反复出现的 chicken（来自 a piece of chicken bone），把鸡骨头致病偷换成天天喝鸡汤治病。原文根本没提任何喝汤、食疗，这是靠 chicken 撞词制造的听到鸡就选陷阱。

  借用原文：a piece of chicken bone

• B)未提及选项 Through regular exercising. 说靠规律锻炼解决，但原文从开头到结尾只字未提运动锻炼。它利用的是考生生病要多锻炼的生活常识，诱你用常识替代原文，属于原文未提及。
• D)原词陷阱选项 By using traditional Chinese medicine. 里的 Chinese 和原文 A 22-year-old Chinese woman 的 Chinese 撞词，让人以为中国人就用中医。但原文交代的解决手段明明是 performed surgery（手术），全篇没提任何中医草药，这是借 Chinese 撞词加常识联想的双重陷阱。

  借用原文：A 22-year-old Chinese woman

What does the news report say about the white sheep Prickles?

新闻首句即核心事实。新闻短消息的第一句通常就把最关键的事实交代清楚。这里开篇 A white sheep named Prickles that ran away from an Australian farm during the 2013 bushfires 直接点明这只羊 "在山火期间逃走"，这就是承载第 3 题答案的信号句——顺听到第一句就该锁定。

• ran away from an Australian farm↔ran away into a nearby forest同一逃走动作的去向补全

• A)原词陷阱选项说羊 It was born 13 years ago.，但录音只提到 "2013 bushfires" 这个火灾年份，从没说羊出生于 13 年前——它把年份信息张冠李戴到 "出生" 上，专骗听到年数就对号入座的人。

  借用原文：during the 2013 bushfires

• B)原词陷阱选项称羊是 It was Alice Gray's lovely pet.，录音里 According to farmer Alice Gray 确实出现了 Alice Gray，但她是农场主、是消息来源，录音从没说这羊是她的 "宠物"——这是借真实人名编造的关系。

  借用原文：According to farmer Alice Gray

• C)原词陷阱选项说羊 It got injured in a big bushfire.，"bushfire" 是录音反复出现的原词，听到就想选；但录音说的是羊 escaped into a 200-acre forest 逃走并活了下来，从没说它在火中受伤，"injured" 是无中生有。

  借用原文：escaped into a 200-acre forest near the farm

What did the family do after the bushfires?

时间信号词 Once the fires were over。答案句由时间信号 Once the fires were over（大火一过）引出，正好对上题干的 "after the bushfires"。这个时间词就是定位信号——它一出现，后面紧跟的就是 "灾后这家人做的事"，听到它要立刻进入接答案状态。

• rebuilding about 50 kilometers of fencing↔rebuilt the fencing around their farm同一重建围栏动作的概括

• B)原词陷阱选项说 They spent seven years replanting their farm.，"seven years" 是录音原词，但录音里 Seven years later, they were proven wrong 的七年指的是 "羊七年后回来"，不是 "花七年补种农场"，"replanting" 录音根本没提，是张冠李戴加无中生有。

  借用原文：Seven years later, they were proven wrong

• C)未提及选项称 They claimed damages for their heavy losses.，录音确实说山火 destroyed a large part of her family's massive property 造成了损失，听到 "损失" 容易顺势联想到 "索赔"，但录音从头到尾没说他们去索赔，"claimed damages" 是凭损失情节脑补出来的。

  借用原文：destroyed a large part of her family's massive property

• D)偷换概念选项说 They installed a camera to monitor sheep activity.，录音里 cameras installed to monitor deer activity 确实有装摄像头，但监控的是 "deer（鹿）" 不是 "sheep（羊）"，选项只改了一个名词就把意思偷换了，专骗听到 "camera/monitor" 就选的人。

  借用原文：cameras installed to monitor deer activity

What is the news report mainly about?

新闻首句即点题。新闻短消息的核心动作往往压在开头第一句，本则的首句 Tons of gold have fallen out of the sky in Russia after a cargo plane malfunctioned in midair 一句话就交代了"金子从飞机上掉下来"，整篇后文都是围着它展开的细节。

• Tons of gold have fallen out of the sky↔The loss of gold from an airplane.金子掉落=金子丢失
• a cargo plane↔from an airplane货机就是飞机

• A)原词陷阱A 盗用了录音里的 gold 和 diamonds 两个原词，听着很耳熟，但它说的是 The disappearance of some gold and diamonds.（金子钻石的消失），"消失"指不知去向，而录音明确是"从飞机上掉落"且大部分已被寻回，方向不符，也漏掉了"飞机"这个关键。

  借用原文：265 million pounds worth of gold and diamonds

• B)答非所问B 的 The transfer of tons of precious metal by air.（用飞机空运大量贵金属）确实是事情的背景，precious metal、by air 也都能在录音里找到影子，但它只描述了"正在空运"这个前提，完全没提"出故障、金子掉落"这个真正的新闻点，以偏概全。

  借用原文：265 million pounds worth of gold and diamonds

• C)过度推断C 说 The crash of a Russian cargo airplane.（俄罗斯货机坠毁），Russian、cargo airplane 都是原词，但录音里飞机是 made an emergency landing（紧急迫降）而非坠毁，crash 把事故程度夸大了，与事实相反。

  借用原文：the aircraft made an emergency landing in Magan

What did the aircraft do when the incident happened?

转折 However 后是落点。本句以转折词 However 起头——前文一直在讲金子掉了、被寻回多少，转折之后才交代飞机本身的应对动作 made an emergency landing，转折后的句子正是本题答案句。

• the aircraft made an emergency landing↔It made an emergency landing.几乎原句对应

• B)张冠李戴B 说 It informed the local police at once.（飞机立刻通知了当地警方），police 一词录音确实念到了，但录音是 Police have sealed off the runway（警方封锁跑道），是警方主动介入，并没有"飞机通知警方"这回事，张冠李戴。

  借用原文：Police have sealed off the runway

• C)原词陷阱C 说 It contacted the goldmine company.（飞机联系了金矿公司），goldmine company 是原词，但录音只说 Nine tons of gold on plane AN-12 belonged to a goldmine company（飞机上九吨金子归一家金矿公司所有），金矿公司只是货物的主人，根本没说飞机去联系它。

  借用原文：belonged to a goldmine company

• D)未提及D 说 It had a crew member fix the problem.（飞机让机组人员修好了故障），录音确实提到 malfunctioned（故障）和后文的 technical engineers（技术工程师），听着像"有人修"，但录音里飞机是迫降处理，从没说让机组成员在空中把问题修好了，纯属无中生有。

What does the news report say about the technical engineers who worked on the plane before take-off?

末段交代相关人员后续。新闻把对涉事人员的后续处置放在结尾，末段 Technical engineers ... are reportedly going to be questioned by the police 一句直接点出工程师的去向，是本题答案句；且它与题干用的 technical engineers...prior to take-off 几乎同词，定位极其明确。

• are reportedly going to be questioned by the police↔They will be questioned by the police.将被警方问询，几乎同句
• Technical engineers who worked on the plane prior to take-off↔They代词回指工程师

• A)与原文相反A 说 They will cooperate with the police.（他们将配合警方），police 是原词且"将来 + 警方"的框架很像，但录音是 be questioned by the police（被警方问询，被动），工程师是被调查的对象，并非主动配合，主被动方向被偷换。

  借用原文：are reportedly going to be questioned by the police

• B)未提及B 说 They had checked the plane carefully.（他们已仔细检查过飞机），借工程师 worked on the plane 联想出"检查"，但录音只说工程师"起飞前做过工作"且"将被问询"，从没说他们"仔细检查过"，更没说检查得是否仔细，无中生有。
• D)过度推断D 说 They took some gold bars and diamonds.（他们拿走了金条和钻石），gold bars、diamonds 全是原词，又借录音 it is unclear if it was an accident or an attempted robbery（尚不清楚是事故还是抢劫未遂）的联想，把工程师直接坐实成偷窃者，但录音只说"将被问询"、尚未定性，是过度推断。

  借用原文：it is unclear if it was an accident or an attempted robbery

Why does the man have his conversation with the woman recorded?

目的状语 for...purposes。答案信号是表目的的短语 used in the future for training purposes——"录音"这一动作后面紧跟的"for ... purposes"就是它的目的，听到 for...purposes 这种目的状语，落点即在其后那个理由词上。

• used in the future for training purposes↔For future training purposes.几乎原句压缩

• A)原词陷阱选项 For the company's records. 里的 records，借自客服后面查单时说的 according to our records——那是"按我们的记录"，与"为什么录音"毫不相干，是听到 records 就想选的原词陷阱。

  借用原文：according to our records

• C)未提及选项 To follow the company's rule. 说"为遵守公司规定"，录音里客服只说录音用于培训目的，从没提"规定/rule"这回事，属原文未提及。
• D)未提及选项 To ensure information security. 说"为保障信息安全"，虽与客服场景的常识联想很近，但录音讲录音原因时只字未提"信息安全"，是按常识脑补出来的理由，原文无依据。

What is the woman's purpose of calling the furniture company?

自报来意 I'm just calling to。答案信号是女方自报来意的句式 I'm just calling to inquire when I will be able to get my money back——"I'm (just) calling to..."后面接的正是来电目的，听到这个句式就锁定其后内容。

• get my money back↔get her money back for the returned chair人称改写+补宾语

• A)原词陷阱选项 To check her customer reference number. 搬来客服后面要的 customer reference number——那是客服为查单向她索取编号，不是她打电话的目的，属听到原词就选的原词陷阱。

  借用原文：What's your customer reference number, please?

• B)未提及选项 To inquire about the price of office chairs. 借了 office chair 的熟悉感（录音确有 office chair），但她从没问价格，全程围绕退款，属未提及。

  借用原文：I recently bought an office chair

• D)过度推断选项 To make complaints about its customer service. 说"投诉客服"，她确实抱怨了退款超时 it's been five working days and I haven't received anything，但语气是查询而非投诉，且本题问"来电目的"是退款，把抱怨语气推成"投诉"是过度推断。

  借用原文：it's been five working days and I haven't received anything

What does the woman say about her bank card?

她主动提及 my new card。答案信号是女方自己抛出的新信息 my new card——客服说卡号有问题后，她解释"可能跟我的新卡有关，新卡周二寄到"，这句关于卡的主动陈述就是答案句。

• my new card↔She was issued a new card.主被动转换

• A)原词陷阱选项 She had to update its information. 里的 update，搬自客服随后的建议 update your card details——那是客服让她去更新，不是她"说关于卡"的内容，且发生在后面，属张冠李戴式原词陷阱。

  借用原文：update your card details

• B)未提及选项 She forgot where she had left it. 说她忘了卡放哪，录音里她对卡的陈述只有"换了新卡、旧卡可能被注销"，从没说"忘了放哪"，属未提及。
• C)原词陷阱选项 She lost it about three days ago. 拼了两处熟悉感：卡的话题里没说"丢"，three days 则盗自网站规则 within three working days（退款时限），把"三个工作日"嫁接成"三天前丢卡"，属原词陷阱。

  借用原文：within three working days

What does the man advise the woman to do?

建议句 you'll need to。答案信号是建议句式 you'll need to update your card details directly on our website——"you'll need to"是客服给出建议的标志，落点就是其后那个动作"在网站上更新卡信息"。

• update your card details directly on our website↔Update her bank card details on the company's website人称改写+近义等值

• A)原词陷阱选项 Reconsider her options for payment methods. 盗用原文 an option for updating payment methods 里的 option、payment methods，但原文是"看到一个更新支付方式的选项"，不是"重新考虑支付方式"，reconsider 是凭空换上的动作，属原词陷阱。

  借用原文：an option for updating payment methods

• B)张冠李戴选项 Make a specific note on the company's system. 盗自客服自己说的 I'll make a note here on the system for you——那是客服"我来做个备注"，不是建议"她"做的，主语张冠李戴，属原词陷阱。

  借用原文：I'll make a note here on the system for you

• D)原词陷阱选项 Upload her personal information to the company's website. 把原文 under the description of your personal information 的 personal information 搬来，又把 update 偷换成 upload（更新≠上传），原文只让她更新卡信息、没让她上传个人信息，属原词陷阱兼偷换概念。

  借用原文：under the description of your personal information

Why isn't the man going to cook?

被问者对做饭请求的直接应答。上一句女方问 Are you going to prepare a meal for us?，男方紧接着应答 I'm actually pretty worn out，这句被问者的直接回答就是答案信号，理由就在他亲口给的这句里。

• worn out↔exhaustedworn out 与 exhausted 是同义替换

• B)未提及男士只说累，从没说讨厌做饭这件事，He is tired of cooking. 属凭空添加，录音无对应。
• C)未提及现实里累常因为加班，但录音从头到尾没提工作，He has to work late. 是拿常识替文本，属未提及。
• D)答非所问录音后面确实聊到印度、越南等亚洲菜，He wants to try Asian foods. 盗用了这层话题，但那是点什么外卖，不是他不做饭的原因，答非所问。

  借用原文：How about Indian food?

What does the man say he'll do on his phone?

说话人用 I'll 直接表态要做的动作。紧承上句女方问 Can we get a meal delivered?，男方应答 I'll use that food delivery app on my phone，I'll 后跟的动作就是答案信号，明确说出他要做叫外卖这件事。

• use that food delivery app↔Order a delivery用外卖 app 等于点外卖配送

• A)Book a table. 对应出去吃饭订桌，但女方说 I think we should stay in，两人改成在家叫外卖，订位的方案被放弃，与原文相反。

  借用原文：I think we should stay in and save some cash.

• C)选项 Download a menu. 蹭了用手机 app 的场景，听上去和外卖相关，但录音说的是用 app 下单，从没说下载菜单，属未提及的脑补。
• D)答非所问后文女方查中餐馆说 it's 15 kilometers away，Locate a restaurant. 盗用了查距离这层，但那是后面挑菜时顺带看位置，不是男士在手机上表态要做的事，答非所问。

  借用原文：it's 15 kilometers away

What does the woman think of Indian food?

评价对象后跟出的负面理由与感受。男方提 How about Indian food?，女方应答 made me sweat and cry，这句对印度菜的具体负面感受就是答案信号——辣得出汗流泪，正是她嫌它的点。

• That made me sweat and cry↔It is too spicy辣得出汗流泪即太辣

• A)It is not tasty. 听上去像负面评价，但女方嫌的是辣，从没说印度菜难吃，属未提及。
• B)原词陷阱录音里 healthy 出现在女方说 How about something healthy?，It is not healthy. 盗用了这个词，但她对印度菜的嫌弃是辣，不是不健康，张冠李戴。

  借用原文：How about something healthy?

• C)张冠李戴录音里油腻感对应的是意大利菜 It's a bit heavy 和后文 too fattening，It is too oily. 把对别道菜的印象安到印度菜上，张冠李戴。

  借用原文：It's a bit heavy

What does the man think of the woman?

评价者忍不住说出的直接总评。在女方一路否掉沙拉、印度菜、墨西哥菜、意大利菜之后，男方脱口而出 you're really difficult to please，这句直接总评就是答案信号——他嫌她样样不满意、太难伺候。

• you're really difficult to please↔She is too picky about food难伺候即对吃太挑剔

• A)录音里钱对应女方说 save some cash，She is too concerned about money. 盗用了省钱这层，但那是她的想法，男方对她的评价是难伺候，张冠李戴。

  借用原文：save some cash

• B)录音里身材对应女方说 I'm trying to keep a slim figure，She is too weight-conscious. 盗用了这层，但那是她自己的理由，男方的总评是难伺候，张冠李戴。

  借用原文：I'm trying to keep a slim figure

• D)原词陷阱She is too eager to please. 借用了答案句里的 please，却把方向反了：男方说的是她 difficult to please（难被讨好），不是她急着讨好别人，与原文相反。

  借用原文：you're really difficult to please

What do we learn from the new study by the University of Lincoln?

开头点题句即结论。篇章独白的主结论几乎都在第一句，has found a link between the personalities of cat owners and the behaviour and wellbeing of their cats 这一"研究发现了…关联"的句式就是答案信号，开门见山给出研究主发现。

• a link between the personalities of cat owners and the behaviour and wellbeing of their cats↔Owners' personalities affect their cats' behaviour and wellbeing."关联"被改写成"影响"

• B)原词陷阱录音里确实念到 a parent's personality can affect the personality of a child，但那只是用来打比方说明"猫和主人也一样"，研究本身讲的是猫不是孩子；B 把这个比方当成研究发现，是典型"听到原词就选"。

  借用原文：just as a parent's personality can affect the personality of a child

• C)原词陷阱录音第 2 段确实念到 high levels of anxiety，C 把"焦虑"这个词捡来，硬说"父母和猫主人都有高焦虑"，但原文只说某些主人焦虑会影响猫，从没说父母也焦虑，是把原词拼成了一句没说过的话。

  借用原文：individuals with high levels of anxiety, fear, anger, depression and loneliness

• D)偷换概念录音第 5 段念到 Many owners regard their pets as a family member（很多主人把宠物当家人），D 偷换成"越来越多人把猫当孩子养"，既加了"越来越多"的趋势，又把"家人"换成"孩子"，原文并未讲这是个增长趋势。

  借用原文：Many owners regard their pets as a family member

What does the passage say most pet owners want to do?

意愿动词 want to 直接应答。信号是题干钩子词 want to 在原文原样出现：The majority of owners want to provide the best care for their pets，want to 后面紧跟的动作就是答案，是最直接的细节定位。

• The majority of owners want to provide the best care for their pets↔Provide their pets with the best care.几乎原句保留

• A)原词陷阱录音反复出现 behavioural styles、behaviours 这类"行为"词，A 把它捡成"behavioural training（行为训练）"，但原文从没说主人想给猫做训练，是听到 behavioural 就想选的陷阱。

  借用原文：more aggressive and anxious behavioural styles

• C)答非所问原文 the underlying nature of the owner 讲的是主人内在性格驱动宠物状态，C 把它扭成"主人想了解宠物的感受和愿望"，可原文说的是主人想"照料"宠物，不是想"了解其感受"，方向被换了。

  借用原文：the underlying nature of the owner

• D)原词陷阱录音第 5 段确有 interact with and manage them，D 借走 interact 拼成"用新颖方式互动"，但原文只说主人会以某种方式对待宠物，从没提"novel（新颖）"方式，多加了限定词。

  借用原文：the way their owners interact with and manage them

What does the passage say is still needed to understand the effects of owners' personalities on their pets?

篇末展望句 is needed。信号是篇末的研究展望句式 Further research is needed to investigate，is needed 与题干 still needed 直接对应，这种"还需进一步研究"的收束句正是答案落点。

• Further research is needed to investigate the causal nature of this relationship↔Further investigation.research 与 investigate 同义

• A)未提及原文说的是还需"进一步研究去探究因果"，并没说现有解释不够可信、需要"更有说服力的解释"；A 凭"研究、解释"的话题氛围编出一个原文没提的需求。
• B)未提及原文从未提样本大小，B 的 More extensive sampling.（更大范围取样）是借科普研究的专业气味硬造的，篇末展望句里根本没有"样本/取样"这层意思。
• C)偷换概念原文需要的是宽泛的 Further research（进一步研究），C 的 Collection of more data.（收集更多数据）只是研究的一个具体环节，原文并没单指"收数据"，C 以偏概全、缩小了范围。

  借用原文：Further research is needed to investigate

What did the new review of studies claim?

结论动词 concluded 领出的那句就是答案句。录音里 The review concluded that 用 concluded（总结道）这个结论信号词领出综述的正式说法，结论信号后面跟的就是该研究 claim 的内容，正是 19 题要的答案句。

• running does more to extend life than any other form of exercise↔Running is the best exercise for extending one's life比任何其他都强=最好，比较级升级为最高级

• A)原词陷阱A 项 People should do more running than mere walking. 借了录音反复出现的 running 来诱选，但综述说的是跑步比其他运动更延寿，从没让人多跑少走，是听到 running 就想勾的原词陷阱。

  借用原文：than any other form of exercise

• C)原词陷阱C 项 People should exercise at least 60 minutes every day. 偷了开头 One 60-minute run 里的 60 分钟，但原文只是举例说一次 60 分钟的跑步，从没说每天至少运动 60 分钟，是把听到的数字硬塞进一个原文没有的主张。

  借用原文：One 60-minute run can add seven hours to your life

• D)未提及D 项 Running is the easiest form of exercise for most people. 听上去像常识，但综述比的是延寿效果（哪个更长寿），根本没比哪种运动最容易；easiest 是凭印象脑补出来的，原文未提。

What is one effect that running has on people according to recent research?

shown that 引出近期研究结论，且与题干recent research对应。录音 Research published in recent years has shown that 正对应题干里的 according to recent research，shown that 这一结论信号后列出的效果就是答案来源；其中 increasing your brain function 直指本题。

• increasing your brain function↔Improving their brain functionincreasing≈improving，brain function原义保留

• B)原词陷阱B 项 Regulating their breathing rate. 偷了录音里 regulating your emotions 的 regulating，但原文 regulating 后面跟的是 emotions（情绪），不是 breathing rate（呼吸频率）；它把对的动词配上错的对象，是张冠李戴式的原词陷阱。

  借用原文：regulating your emotions

• C)未提及C 项 Slowing down their ageing process. 蹭了前文延长寿命的话题让人误以为有关衰老，但讲近期研究效果这句只提了脑功能和情绪，没说延缓衰老；属把别处话题挪过来的混淆。
• D)未提及D 项 Accelerating their blood circulation. 是大家凭常识觉得跑步必然会有的效果，但录音讲的是改变大脑和心智（脑功能、情绪），完全没提血液循环，属常识代替原文。

What did another study find about the participants after they had a 30-minute jog?

转折But crucially之后才是真结论。录音前半 were more intensely affected by the sad clips 是铺垫常态，真正的研究发现在转折词后：But crucially, this was less so if they had completed the 30-minute jog，But crucially 提示这才是关键落点，对应题干问的慢跑后的发现。

• this was less so if they had completed the 30-minute jog↔They were less affected by sad moviesless so指回less affected，sad clips=sad movies

• B)原词陷阱B 项 They struggled to handle negative emotions. 几乎照搬录音 struggled to handle negative emotions 的原话，但那是描述被试平时（usually）的状态，不是慢跑后的发现；题干问的是慢跑之后，它答的是慢跑之前，是最毒的原词陷阱。

  借用原文：Participants who usually struggled to handle negative emotions

• A)过度推断A 项 They found it easy to control their emotions. 把原文的受影响变小（less affected）夸成了能轻松控制情绪（easy to control），原文只说影响减弱，没说他们就能掌控情绪，是把程度推过了头。

  借用原文：less vulnerable to the impact of the sad movie

• C)原词陷阱C 项 They were more eager to enjoy a movie. 借了录音里 movie 这个词，但原文讲的是被试被悲伤片段影响的程度，从没说他们更想看电影（eager to enjoy）；是借 movie 一词编出原文没有的内容。

  借用原文：showed them clips from a sad movie

What do we learn about the speaker?

开场欢迎语暴露讲解员身份。答案信号是录音第一句的开场套话 Welcome to the tour of the Hill House.——『欢迎来参观』这种带 tour 的欢迎词，只有带队讲解的人才会说，等于自报家门是导游 / 讲解员。讲解类录音的身份信号常藏在开头的欢迎句里，一开口就要抓。

• Welcome to the tour of the Hill House.↔He is a tour guide.由动作反推身份

• B)张冠李戴录音确实念到 Charles Hill, the famous architect，但 famous architect 说的是设计这栋房子的查尔斯·希尔，不是正在讲解的说话人。选项 He is a famous architect. 把建筑师的身份安到了说话人头上，是典型的张冠李戴。

  借用原文：Charles Hill, the famous architect

• C)原词陷阱It was designed and built for a local entrepreneur and his family. 里的 local entrepreneur（本地企业家）指的是当年请人盖房的客户，与说话人无关。选项 He is a local entrepreneur. 同样把客户的身份扣到说话人头上。

  借用原文：a local entrepreneur and his family

• D)未提及录音只说房子是为 a local entrepreneur and his family 建的，从头到尾没说说话人是房主；带队做 tour 的讲解员通常也不是产权所有者。选项 He is the owner of the Hill House. 属未提及的臆测，原文无对应依据。

What did the architect do before beginning his design?

时间状语 Prior to 对上题干 before。答案信号是时间状语 Prior to beginning his design——它和题干里的 before beginning his design 几乎一字不差地对应，等于直接告诉你『答案就在这句』。听到与题干时间限定词同义的标志词（prior to = before），立刻锁定其后的动作。

• observing their life and studying their habits↔He observed his client's life and habits.两个并列动作概括为一句
• in the client's old home↔his client'stheir 与 client's 指同一对象

• A)原词陷阱录音后文确实出现 all the blueprints for both the building and its contents have been preserved，blueprints（图纸）这个词被念到了，但那是说『这栋房子自己的图纸被保存下来』，并非建筑师设计前去研究『别家名建筑的图纸』。选项 He studied the blueprints of other famous buildings. 盗用 blueprints 一词，却凭空加了 other famous buildings，答非所问。

  借用原文：all the blueprints for both the building and its contents have been preserved

• B)未提及录音提到 client 和 family（a local entrepreneur and his family），让 family background 看着眼熟，但建筑师做的是『观察生活、研究习惯』，从没『inquired about family background（打听家世背景）』。inquire 这个动作录音根本没说，属未提及。

  借用原文：a local entrepreneur and his family

• D)原词陷阱录音说建筑师 spent some time in the client's old home（在旧居里待了一段时间，目的是观察生活），并不是去 took a tour of his client's old home（参观一下旧居）。选项盗用 old home 一词，把『常驻观察』偷换成『参观一趟』，重点完全跑偏。

  借用原文：spent some time in the client's old home

What did the architect's client mainly want?

desire 直接点出客户愿望。答案信号是表愿望的词 The client's main desire was——desire（愿望）与题干的 want 同义，直接领出客户到底想要什么。听到 desire / want / wish 这类表意愿的词，其后内容往往就是这类需求题的答案。

• a home with the unique design↔A house of a unique design.home 与 house 近义、措辞几乎照搬

• A)原词陷阱录音确实念到 most large homes were constructed of timber and brick，但这是在说『当时大多数大房子』的普遍做法，紧接着用 however 转折说这栋房子是用混凝土造的。选项 A house made of timber and brick. 盗用 timber and brick，描述的却是别家房子，不是客户想要的这栋。

  借用原文：most large homes were constructed of timber and brick

• B)未提及录音说 the architect was given complete freedom（建筑师获得完全的设计自由），freedom 与选项里的 free space 长得像、听起来也像，但 free space 指『大量空闲空间』，录音从没说客户想要宽敞空间。选项 A house with a lot of free space. 是利用 freedom / free 的相似制造混淆，属未提及。

  借用原文：the architect was given complete freedom

• C)与原文相反录音明说 The building style is radically different from what was the fashion of the period（这栋房子的风格与当时的流行式样截然不同）。选项 A house of the current fashion. 盗用 fashion 一词，却把意思反了过来——客户要的恰恰是不随流行、独一无二，与原文意思相反。

  借用原文：The building style is radically different from what was the fashion of the period

What do we learn about the pieces of furniture in the children's bedrooms?

However 转折锁定儿童房家具真相。答案信号是转折词 However——前一句刚说大多数家具是原件、状况好，However 一转，专门交代『儿童房那批是复制品』。转折后正是题目问的那个对象的真相，这类题答案常落在转折之后。

• those pieces in the children's bedrooms are copies built to the designs of the architect↔They are copies built to the architect's designs.措辞几乎照搬，仅语序微调

• A)张冠李戴录音说 Most of the furniture you will see is original and in good condition——『状况好、是原件』讲的是『大多数家具』，紧接着 However 才转到儿童房那批是复制品。选项 They are well preserved and in pretty good shape. 把『大多数家具』的状态安到了题目问的『儿童房家具』头上，张冠李戴。

  借用原文：Most of the furniture you will see is original and in good condition

• C)与原文相反录音说儿童房家具是 copies built to the designs of the architect（按『这位建筑师』的图纸做的复制品），设计者就是本建筑师本人。选项 They were designed by another architect. 却说是『另一位建筑师』设计的，与原文意思相反。

  借用原文：copies built to the designs of the architect

• D)原词陷阱录音确实念到 we've been able to replace badly damaged furniture，badly damaged 这个词被说到了，但那是讲『靠保存下来的图纸去更换严重损坏的家具』，并不是说儿童房的家具被严重损坏后又修复了。选项 They were badly damaged but restored. 盗用 badly damaged，把它扣到儿童房家具上，对象与意思都错了。

  借用原文：we've been able to replace badly damaged furniture