2021年12月·第2套 英语六级阅读理解（四选一） 第 1 篇 · 46–50 题答案与解析

题干 What did Neil Postman say about the rise of television? 指向 Postman 关于电视兴起的具体观点，属典型的「找人找观点」细节题。

题干 What did Neil Postman say about the rise of television? 是一个特殊疑问句，主干为 What did Neil Postman say，about the rise of television 是介词短语作 say 的状语，限定言说的话题。结构平铺直叙，无陷阱。

• A)✓ 正确
  • a shift from rationality to emotions, exposition to entertainment↔a change from dominance of reason to supremacy of pleasure

  预判要求「从理性到娱乐/情感」，a change from dominance of reason to supremacy of pleasure 同时锁住起点 reason 与终点 pleasure，是定位句的标准同义改写。

• B)偷换概念

  cinema going to home entertainment 把话题从「理性 vs 娱乐」偷换成「看电影 vs 居家娱乐」，原文从未讨论 cinema going。

• C)偷换概念

  a revolution in photographic technology 把原文 typographic(印刷的) culture to a photographic one 中 photographic（图像化的，与 typographic 印刷化相对）误读为「摄影技术」。原文谈的是文化形态而非摄影术革命。

• D)以偏概全

  a new age in the entertainment industry 把原文对「娱乐文化全面侵入理性」的批判性论述，矮化为「娱乐产业新时代」这一中性的产业事件，既缩小了范围（仅产业），又抽走了「理性被取代」的核心立场。

题干 what is the advantage of text reading? 问的是原文已明示的具体功能，无 infer/suggest/imply 等推断信号，属细节题。

题干 According to the passage, what is the advantage of text reading? 主干为 what is the advantage，According to the passage 是状语，of text reading 限定 advantage。结构简单，无陷阱。

• A)无中生有

  access to huge amounts of information 谈的是「获取大量信息的渠道」，原文 It is text that enables us to 引出的功能清单从未提「信息量」这个维度，是无中生有。

• B)无中生有

  more information to be processed quickly 把功能定位到「处理速度」，原文从未对比「快慢」，也没说文本能让人更快地处理信息，属无中生有。

• C)过度推断

  capable of enriching one's life 把「识破谎言、权衡观点」这种认知层面的具体功能，泛化为「丰富人生」这种笼统好评，跨度过大；原文未谈生活质量。

• D)✓ 正确
  • to detect abuses of logic and common sense↔It is conducive to critical thinking
  • to weigh ideas, to compare and contrast assertions↔critical thinking

  预判要求「批判性思考、识破谎言、权衡观点」，四个选项里只有 critical thinking 落在这条语义线上，其余三项都跑题。

题干 How has television impacted Americans? 用现在完成时问已经造成的影响，原文应有直接对应的描述，属细节题。

题干 How has television impacted Americans? 为现在完成时疑问句，主干 How has television impacted Americans。现在完成时强调「已经发生且仍有影响」，提示原文相应句也描述既成结果。

• A)与原文相反

  原文明说 They do not argue with propositions——美国人不再用命题辩论；a lot more to argue about 反而说「有更多可争辩的」，方向相反。

• B)偷换概念

  原文 they argue with good looks, celebrities and commercials 中 celebrities 只是「用以替代命题的几种表面元素」之一，并未谈「名人与生活更近」；brought celebrities closer to their lives 是把单词从原句中抠出来另起一个意思。

• C)与原文相反

  原文 Americans don't talk to each other, we entertain each other 暗示美国人不再认真说话；care more about what they say 却说他们「更在意自己说什么」，方向反了。

• D)✓ 正确
  • they exchange images↔rendered their interactions more superficial
  • they argue with good looks, celebrities and commercials↔interactions more superficial

  预判要求「互动退化为表层」，四个选项里只有 rendered their interactions more superficial 用 superficial 一词命中这一内核。

题干 What does the passage say about the World Wide Web? 直接问文章怎么说，无推断信号，属细节题。

题干 What does the passage say about the World Wide Web? 主干为 What does the passage say，about the World Wide Web 是状语限定话题。结构简单，无陷阱。

• A)偷换概念

  原文 Universities around the world were among the first to connect to this new medium 只说大学是最早接入者，并未说 Web 是「为大学开发」的；developed primarily for universities worldwide 把「使用者」误读为「开发目的」。

• B)无中生有

  原文未谈 Web 的设计目的是「连接不同国家的人」；connect people in different countries 与原文最相近的句子是 Universities around the world were among the first to connect to this new medium，但这里 connect 的宾语是 medium，而非 people in different countries。

• C)✓ 正确
  • it was seen as a tool to pursue knowledge, not pleasure↔It was viewed as a means to quest for knowledge

  预判即「被视为追求知识的工具」；It was viewed as a means to quest for knowledge 与预判几乎逐词同义，毫无歧义。

• D)以偏概全

  原文 which hosted discussion groups, informative personal or group blogs, electronic magazines, and academic mailing lists and forums 只说 Web 上承载了讨论组与论坛等，并未说它「为大学生论坛而设计」；designed as a discussion forum for university students 既限定了用户（仅大学生），又限定了用途（仅论坛），双重以偏概全。

题干 What do we learn about users of social media? 问文章已写明的用户行为，无推断信号，属细节题。

题干 What do we learn about users of social media? 主干为 What do we learn，about users of social media 是状语限定话题。结构简单，无陷阱。

• A)张冠李戴

  alternative space 一词在原文出现于 created an alternative space that threatened television's grip on society，描述的是早期 Web 而非社交媒体用户；looking for an alternative space for escape 把这一标签错挂到 social media users 头上。

• B)✓ 正确
  • an endless zest(热情) for instant approval from an audience↔constantly seeking approval from their audience
  • we are constantly but unconsciously performing↔constantly seeking approval

  预判要求「持续求得观众认可」，四个选项里只有 constantly seeking approval from their audience 命中 approval + audience 这对原词级抓手，毫无悬念。

• C)与原文相反

  原文明说 It reduces our curiosity by showing us exactly what we already want and think，社交网络削弱用户好奇心、只投喂他们已知的东西；forever engaged in hunting for new information 却说他们持续追逐新信息，正好相反。

• D)无中生有

  unable to focus their attention on tasks for long 谈的是「注意力难以长时间集中」——原文虽提及社交网络 refocuses our attention on videos and images，但并未说用户的注意力变得短暂或无法集中于任务，这是中文常见的「刻板印象」被读进了选项。