2015年 考研英语二阅读理解（四选一） 第 1 篇 · 21–25 题答案与解析

题干 According to Paragraph 1, most previous surveys found that home____ 限定段落 + 询问客观陈述，无 infer/imply 等推断信号。

句子主干为 most previous surveys found that home____，that 引导宾语从句、空位是从句的表语；考生只需把空位理解为“home 是/做了什么”，结构无陷阱。

• A)✓ 正确
  • a place of refuge↔offered greater relaxation than the workplace
  • contrary to most surveys, people are actually more stressed at home than at work↔offered greater relaxation than the workplace

  预判“家比职场更放松”完全等价于 offered greater relaxation than the workplace，且 a place of refuge 的提示进一步坐实——A 直接命中预判。

• B)无中生有

  原文是用家和职场作为压力测量场所，但从未说“家是测量压力的理想场所”；an ideal place for stress measurement 把研究方法当成了对家的旧观点结论。

• C)与原文相反

  generated more stress than the workplace 恰恰是新研究的结论，而非 most previous surveys 的旧观点；考生若把“新结论”误当成“旧调查发现”就会误选。

• D)偷换概念

  原文从未说以往调查认为家“不现实地放松”，更没有 unrealistic 的极性评价；was an unrealistic place for relaxation 把“放松之地”扭成了“不现实的放松之地”。

题干 who are likely to be the happiest at home 直接问“谁”，是对原文一句话的客观转述。

主语 who、谓语 are likely to be、表语 the happiest at home；likely to be 是惯用情态，不削弱“最开心”的最高级语义，无理解陷阱。

• A)与原文相反

  Working mothers 既不是 men（性别相反），也不是 nonparents（“母亲”必然有娃），完全违背原文两层条件。

• B)✓ 正确
  • It is men, not women, who report being happier at home than at work↔Childless husbands.
  • but more so for nonparents↔Childless

  预判“无孩男性”= men（It is men, not women）+ nonparents（but more so for nonparents），完全等价于 Childless husbands——两条件叠加唯一指向 B。

• C)以偏概全

  Working fathers 性别对（fathers=men），但 fathers 必然是 parents，与 but more so for nonparents 的限定相反——更开心的是 nonparents，而不是已经做父亲的。

• D)偷换概念

  Childless wives 满足 childless（nonparents），但 wives 是女性，与 It is men, not women 直接矛盾。

题干 refers to the fact that____ 要求解释 the blurring 这一特定短语在文中的含义。

主干 The blurring of working women's roles refers to the fact that____，that 引导同位语从句解释 the fact 的具体内容，即“角色模糊”具体指什么事实。

• A)张冠李戴

  their home is also a place for kicking back 描述的是男性：“kick back”（放松）在 For many men, the end of the workday is a time to kick back 里明确属于男人，与 working women 的角色无关。

• B)✓ 正确
  • For women who work outside the home↔bread winners
  • they often are playing catch-up with household tasks↔housewives

  把“在外工作 + 做家务”两个动作合并成“既是 bread winners 又是 housewives”的双重身份，正是 With the blurring of roles 的内涵——B 完美呈现“角色模糊”的具体内容。

• C)答非所问

  there is often much housework left behind 只描述了“家务做不完”这一事实，没体现“角色模糊”的核心——双重身份的混淆；它是 blurring 的结果而非定义。

• D)张冠李戴

  it is difficult for them to leave their office 描述的是 For women who stay home, they never get to leave the office——指“留在家里的女性”把家当作 office、从不下班；而题干问的是 working women（在外工作的女性），群体错位。

题干 most probably means____ 是词义题的典型问法。

The word "moola" (Line 4, Para. 4) most probably means____，括号内是位置说明，主干就是 The word X means Y，无任何句法陷阱。

• A)偷换概念

  skills 是员工已有的能力，并非通过劳动换回的产物；用 draws out 取 skills 在劳资语境里不通——技能是付出方，不是回报方。

• B)与原文相反

  energy 是付出方而非回报方：员工付出 physical or mental labor 实际上就是付出 energy，draws out energy 与原文方向相反。

• C)✓ 正确
  • life-sustaining moola↔earnings
  • Employee puts in hours of physical or mental labor and employee draws out life-sustaining moola↔earnings

  对仗结构锁定 moola 处在“工资/收入”语义场，life-sustaining 进一步排除“技能/能量”等非货币选项——只有 earnings 同时满足两条线索。

• D)无中生有

  nutrition 把 life-sustaining 字面狭义化成“营养”，但原文谈的是劳资交换，从未涉及食物或营养；选项利用 life-sustaining 的字面歧义诱导误选。

题干 The home front differs from the workplace in that____ 询问两者具体差异，属于客观事实题。

主干 The home front differs from the workplace in that____，in that 引出原因/方面状语从句，等价于“在……方面有所不同”，空位填差异内容。

• A)与原文相反

  family labor is often adequately rewarded 与原文 there are inadequate rewards for most of them、no clear rewards for their labor 直接矛盾——原文明说回报“不充分”，选项硬说“得到充分回报”。

• B)过度推断

  home is hardly a cozier working environment 是对“家是否更舒适”的整体评价，但题干问的是“家与职场的具体差异点”，hardly cozier 是结论而非差异机制；且原文从未直接说家“不舒适”，只说“分工不清、回报模糊”。

• C)与原文相反

  household tasks are generally more motivating 与 the co-workers are much harder to motivate 及 they need to be talked into it 反向——原文说家务里的“同事”（家人）很难被激励，选项却把家务说成“更有激励性”。

• D)✓ 正确
  • Rare is the household in which the division of labor is so clinically and methodically laid out↔division of labor at home is seldom clear-cut
  • no such clarity↔seldom clear-cut

  预判“家中分工不清晰”完全等价于 division of labor at home is seldom clear-cut，倒装句拆平 + 同义替换两步即可锁定 D。