2017年 考研英语二阅读理解（四选一） 第 3 篇 · 31–35 题答案与解析

题干 One of the reasons for high-school graduates not taking a gap year is that 问「其中一个原因」，指向原文某句具体陈述，不要求归纳全文。

题干主干为 One of the reasons … is that____，that 引导表语从句承接答案；结构平铺直叙，无陷阱。

• A)无中生有

  academically misleading 意为「学术上误导」，P1 与 P2 只说 gap year 看上去不学术、不一定让人落后，从未说它会在学术层面误导学生。

• B)无中生有

  a lot of fun to expect in college 把不选 gap year 的原因归于「期待大学的乐趣」，而 P1 给出的是社会压力和「不自然」的从众心理，与「fun」无关。

• C)✓ 正确
  • if everyone you know is going to college in the fall, it seems silly to stay back a year↔it feels strange to do differently from others

  预判说「和别人不一样会觉得怪」，C 项把「别人都上大学、自己留一年」抽象成 do differently from others，把「silly + not natural」抽象成 feels strange，与预判完全一致。

• D)偷换概念

  off-campus courses 把 gap year 等同于「校外课程」，而原文 something that isn't academic 明确说它是非学业活动；且原文也未说「无价值」，是把原因换了对象。

Studies from the US and Australia imply that 的 imply 表明问的不是研究的字面结论，而是研究背后的合理含义，需做一步逻辑延伸。

Studies … imply that taking a gap year helps____ 中 imply 后接宾语从句，从句主语是动名词短语 taking a gap year；结构清晰、无陷阱。

• A)偷换概念

  keep students from being unrealistic 说 gap year 防止学生不切实际，better prepared 谈的是准备更充分，而非心态现实与否——「准备充分」与「现实」并非等义。

• B)过度推断

  lower risks in choosing careers 把研究结论延伸到「降低择业风险」，但 P3 通篇只讨论入学适应，不谈职业；且 lucrative career 只是描述社会期待，并非研究结论。

• C)张冠李戴

  ease freshmen's financial burdens 提到「财务负担」，是 P4 的议题；Q32 问 P3 的 US/Australia 研究含义，与 P4 的钱无关——典型张冠李戴。

• D)✓ 正确
  • all things that first-year students often struggle with the most↔relieve freshmen of pressures

  预判要求同时含「freshmen」和「适应压力减轻」两要素，D 项恰好把 first-year students 替换为 freshmen，把 struggle 抽象为 pressures，把作者立场的「pushes them ahead」延伸为 relieve，三者一一对应。

The word "acclimation" (Para. 3) is closest in meaning to 的「closest in meaning to」是词义题标志。

题干为简单系表结构，is closest in meaning to 直接索取近义词；结构平铺直叙，无陷阱。

• A)✓ 正确
  • adjusting to college and being thrown into a brand new environment↔adaptation

  把生词换成通俗的「适应」后，四项里 adaptation 是其精准名词化，无歧义。

• B)无中生有

  application 常解作「应用」或「申请」，与原文「适应新环境」语义无关。

• C)无中生有

  motivation 意为「动机」，与「适应新环境」无关；同句 lessen the blow 谈的是减轻冲击，与动机毫无关联。

• D)无中生有

  competition 意为「竞争」，与同句 adjusting to college 强调的是与环境磨合而非与他人竞争。

A gap year may save money for students by helping them____ 用 by 引导方式状语，要求填入省钱的具体方式，是事实层面的细节。

A gap year may save money for students by helping them____ 主干 A gap year may save money；by helping them 是方式状语，them 指 students；空格填动词短语作 helping 的宾语补足语，结构清晰。

• A)偷换概念

  avoid academic failures 把省钱机制归于避免挂科/学业失败，但 P4 只讨论换专业带来的补学分成本，从未涉及挂科、学业失败。

• B)过度推断

  establish long-term goals 把 figure things out 扩大为「确立人生长期目标」，但原文上下文清楚指向「专业 major」，不是泛指目标。

• C)偷换概念

  switch to another college 把 switching to another（换专业）改为「换学校」，At Boston College, for example, you would have to complete an extra year were you to switch to the nursing school from another department 明说是「从一个系转到 nursing school」——同校内部换院系，不是换学校。

• D)✓ 正确
  • Taking a gap year to figure things out initially can help prevent stress and save money later on↔decide on the right major

  预判「一开始就把专业想清楚」与 decide on the right major 在动作、对象、时机上一一对应。

The most suitable title for this text 直接要标题，是主旨类题干的典型措辞。

The most suitable title for this text would be____ would be 含虚拟语气意味（在所给选项中「将会是」），结构平铺直叙，无陷阱。

• A)✓ 正确
  • a gap year does not hinder the success of academic pursuits – in fact, it probably enhances it↔In Favor of the Gap Year
  • Studies from the United States and Australia show that students who take a gap year are generally better prepared for and perform better in college than those who do not↔In Favor of the Gap Year
  • Taking a gap year to figure things out initially can help prevent stress and save money later on↔In Favor of the Gap Year

  预判要求「赞同 + gap year」，A 项 In Favor of the Gap Year 同时给出立场（In Favor of=赞同）和话题（Gap Year），与三段证据链一致。

• B)偷换概念

  The ABCs of the Gap Year 暗示「gap year 入门 ABC」，文章本身不是介绍 gap year 是什么 / 怎么做的入门科普，而是一篇带立场的论说文，文中既没列举做法清单也没分步骤介绍。

• C)无中生有

  The Gap Year Comes Back 暗示 gap year 经历过沉寂又回潮，但 P1 只说今天的社会压力让人忽略 gap year，并未提到它曾流行又消失再回潮。

• D)与原文相反

  The Gap Year: A Dilemma 把 gap year 定性为两难困境，not a good enough reason to condemn gap years 与全文一边倒地支持 gap year 直接相反，没有展开困境/两难的论述。