2023年 考研英语二阅读理解（四选一） 第 1 篇 · 21–25 题答案与解析

题干 The RHS thinks that plastic grass 是不完整陈述，问 RHS 对 plastic grass 的具体看法，属于事实细节复述题。

The RHS thinks that plastic grass_____. 是 "主语 + thinks + that 宾语从句" 的简单结构，下划线处即从句的表语，结构平直无陷阱。

• A)✓ 正确
  • the damage plastic grass does to the environment and biodiversity↔is harmful to the environment

  is harmful to the environment 是对定位句 damage plastic grass does to the environment and biodiversity 的直接同义转述，与预判一致，可锁定 A。

• B)偷换概念

  is a hot topic in gardening circles 看似呼应 opposition has now spread to the highest gardening circles，但原文说的是"反对意见已扩散到园艺界最高层"，并不等于"人造草坪本身是园艺界的热门话题"，主体被偷换。

• C)无中生有

  原文只说 The Chelsea Flower Show has banned fake grass，未提到"被在花展上过度赞誉"。is overpraised in the annual show 在文中无对应。

• D)张冠李戴

  is ruining the view of west London 把原文 the annual show in west London 中的 west London 抠出来当谓语对象，但原文从未说人造草坪在毁掉伦敦西区的景观。

题干 reveal the campaigners' 问的是两份请愿书所反映的发起方诉求，是基于段内事实的归纳，仍属细节题。

The petitions mentioned in Paragraph 3 reveal the campaigners'_____. 主干是 "The petitions reveal the campaigners' X"，mentioned in Paragraph 3 是 petitions 的后置定语，整体平直。

• A)张冠李戴

  disappointment with the RHS 把抵制对象从 fake grass 偷换为 RHS。原文中 RHS 与活动人士立场一致，活动人士并未对 RHS 不满。

• B)✓ 正确
  • one calling for a ban on the sale of plastic grass and another calling for an "ecological damage" tax on such lawns↔resistance to fake grass use

  禁售要求和"生态破坏"税都直接指向反对人造草坪，与预判"反对使用人造草坪"完全吻合，锁 B。

• C)与原文相反

  原文是 campaigners 自己呼吁征 "ecological damage" tax，他们是这项税的提议者；anger over the proposed tax 反而说他们"愤怒于这项税"，与事实相反。

• D)无中生有

  原文第 3 段未提及 real grass（真草）的供应问题；concern about real grass supply 在文中无对应。

题干 supporters of fake grass point out 问的是支持方在第 4 段所列的具体观点，按细节题处理。

In Paragraph 4, supporters of fake grass point out_____. 主干是 "supporters point out X"，In Paragraph 4 是状语，结构无难点。

• A)无中生有

  原文支持方谈的是"真草也有代价"，从未提及"需要降低人造草坪的成本"；lower the costs of fake grass 在文中无对应。

• B)✓ 正确
  • natural lawns, which need mowing and therefore usually consume electricity or petrol↔the disadvantages of growing real grass
  • real grass requires considerable amounts of water, weed killer or other treatments↔growing real grass

  支持方所列的真草维护成本与环境代价，正是 the disadvantages of growing real grass 的具象化，与预判一致，锁 B。

• C)答非所问

  题干问的是支持方"指出了什么"，选项却给"养护人造草坪的方法"。the way to take care of artificial lawns 与题问的核心错位。

• D)偷换概念

  原文说铺人造草坪的人会花约 500 英镑买 trees or shrubs for their garden, which provides habitat for insects，这是"维护昆虫栖息"的正面举证，而非"昆虫栖息地保护面临的挑战"。选项把这种支持举证扭曲成"挑战"。

题干 What would the government do with regard to artificial grass? 问的是政府针对人造草坪要采取的行动，是对原文政府表态的复述，按细节题处理。

What would the government do with regard to artificial grass? 是 wh- 一般疑问句，with regard to 引导话题状语"就……而言"，无理解陷阱。

• A)与原文相反

  Urge legislation to restrict its use. 与原文 no plans to ban the use of artificial grass 及 rather than legislating on such matters 正相反。

• B)无中生有

  Take measures to guarantee its quality. 涉及"保证产品质量"，原文政府表态从未涉及人造草坪产品的质量管控。

• C)✓ 正确
  • the use of artificial grass must comply with the legal and policy safeguards in place to protect biodiversity and ensure sustainable drainage↔Remind its users to obey existing rules.
  • prefer to help people and organisations make the right choice rather than legislating on such matters↔Remind its users

  C 既反映"政府选择引导而非立法"，又反映"要求使用者守现行规则"，与定位句和预判完全一致。

• D)过度推断

  Replace it with sustainable alternatives. 借 consider sustainable alternatives 的眼熟造势，但原文只是"鼓励公共部门考虑可持续替代方案"，并未说政府要替换掉 artificial grass。

题干 It can be learned from the text that fake grass 要求基于全文判断 fake grass 的整体属性，属于主旨/综合题。

It can be learned from the text that fake grass_____. It 是形式主语，that 引导真正主语从句，下划线处补足从句谓语，结构平直。

• A)无中生有

  is being improved continuously 在全文找不到任何对应；文中没有任何关于 fake grass 技术改进的描述。

• B)与原文相反

  原文第 1 段 About eight million square metres of plastic grass is sold each year 与第 4 段产业方的积极辩护都暗示市场仍在持续，没有任何"市场份额下降"的证据；has seen a market share decline 与文意相反。

• C)无中生有

  全文未提及 fake grass 价格走向；is becoming increasingly affordable 无原文对应。

• D)✓ 正确
  • has introduced the ban because of the damage plastic grass does to the environment and biodiversity↔has been a controversial product
  • However, supporters of fake grass point out that there is also an environmental impact with natural lawns↔controversial
  • no plans to ban the use of artificial grass↔has been

  全文同时呈现禁用与反禁用两派、加上政府居中表态，controversial product 是对这一格局最精准的整体概括，与预判一致。