2023年6月·第2套 英语六级阅读理解（四选一） 第 1 篇 · 46–50 题答案与解析

Which group of people does the author say has almost unrestricted access to children? 直接询问「哪一群人」，要求在原文里找出对应群体，是典型的事实细节追问。

主干为 Which group of people ... has almost unrestricted access to children，does the author say 是插入语，去掉后剩「哪一群人对孩子有几乎不受限制的接触权」，结构平铺直叙，无陷阱。

• A)✓ 正确
  • advertisers and marketers are allowed to condition even the youngest children↔Advertisers

  预判的「对孩子不友好却不受限制的群体」在 P2 被明示为广告商和营销者，与选项 Advertisers 直接对应。

• B)与原文相反

  Carers 属于 every carer, teacher or doctor with whom they come into contact 中被严格审查的一方，是「保护孩子」的角色，与「几乎不受限地接触孩子」的群体相反。

• C)与原文相反

  Teachers 同样位于 every carer, teacher or doctor 列表中，是被审查的对象，不是「几乎不受限地接触孩子」的群体。

• D)与原文相反

  Doctors 也是 every carer, teacher or doctor 列表中的被审查对象，原文未把医生列为「几乎不受限接触孩子」的群体。

What kind of people should we enable children to become according to the author? 含 according to the author，要求复述原文已写明的内容，不要求跨段综合，仍是细节题。

主干为 What kind of people should we enable children to become，become 后省略表语补足语，由四个选项的 Those who... 补齐；结构清楚，唯一要注意的是 enable children to become＝「让孩子成长为」，主语是 we 不是 children。

• A)与原文相反

  Those who look to fame and wealth for external and ultimate validation 对应 to look to external things such as fame and wealth for validation，是作者批判而非倡导的形象。

• B)✓ 正确
  • young citizens who will value themselves for what they contribute to the society in which they live↔Those who value themselves because of their contribution to society

  选项 B 在主语「Those who」、动词「value themselves」、原因状语三处与定位句逐项对应，是作者正向倡导项的同义改写。

• C)偷换概念

  Those who associate self-worth with the ability to handle money 把 learned to handle money 这个被作者列出的「尚未具备」的前提，偷换成孩子应该成为的目标。

• D)偷换概念

  Those who have developed a proper sense of their own identity 同样取自 Before children have even developed a proper sense of their own identity，仅是作者列出的孩子尚未具备的前提，并非最终倡导项。

Many child development experts and educators call attention to research that suggests _____. 是不完整陈述句，要求选项填入研究的内容，等同于追问该研究的结论事实，归为细节题。

主句 Many child development experts and educators call attention to research，that suggests 后续宾语从句由选项补齐；call attention to＝呼吁关注，是熟词僻义提醒，主语动作就是「指出研究表明……」。

• A)✓ 正确
  • this emerging cradle-to-grave consumerism↔life-long consumerism
  • growing rates of low self-esteem, depression and other forms of mental illness↔more and more cases of psychological problems
  • is contributing to↔is causing

  选项 A 的主语「终生消费主义」、谓语「正在导致」、宾语「越来越多心理问题」与定位句三项要点逐一同义对应，是最精确的复述。

• B)无中生有

  increasing commercialization of education 在原文中完全没有提及，作者批评的是面向孩子的广告与营销，不是教育自身的商业化。

• C)以偏概全

  the growing desire for wealth 只是原文 fame and wealth 的一半；a rising rate of depression 也只是 low self-esteem, depression and other forms of mental illness 的一项。两处都只取了原文的局部。

• D)答非所问

  the craving for purchasing material things is nurtured throughout one's life 说的是「物欲是如何被培养起来的」，而题干要求复述「研究表明的因果结论」——D 项把因果关系换成了「物欲是如何形成」，与题干追问方向不一致。

What does the author imply about the impact of advertising? 中的 imply 表明本题要求基于原文作推断，而非复述事实。

What does the author imply about the impact of advertising? 主干是 What ... the author imply，about the impact of advertising 限定推断对象；句子简洁，需注意 imply 是「暗示」而非「明示」。

• A)✓ 正确
  • they only need to infect a few to reach the many↔It is actually infectious to many rather than a few
  • they only need to infect a few to reach the many↔rather than a few

  由 infect a few to reach the many 一步推出「广告其实波及多数而非少数」，正好是 imply 题所要的「一步推断」型答案。

• B)与原文相反

  rooted in our desire for material possessions 把因果反过来——原文是「广告诱使孩子产生物欲」（persuade our children to desire material possessions），不是「广告源于物欲」。

• C)过度推断

  comparable to that of virus 已经超出原文 viral effect 的比喻：原文只说「影响具有病毒式扩散效应」，并没断言「广告影响可与病毒影响相提并论」。两者程度差异明显。

• D)与原文相反

  literally limited to children 把广告影响范围缩限到「仅限于儿童」，而原文 infect a few to reach the many 恰恰强调影响会扩散到「多数」，并非「仅限于儿童」。

What is the opponents' argument against a complete ban on advertising to young children? 直接问反对者给出的具体论据，对应原文中已写明的让步句，属细节题。

主干 What is the opponents' argument，against a complete ban on advertising to young children 是后置修饰，整体含义是「反对者反对彻底禁广告时给出的理由」；注意 against 修饰的是 argument，而非整个句子的否定。

• A)张冠李戴

  deprive them of the chance to learn about products 取自 Marketing may help socialize children as consumers, inform them about products，是作者描述广告「益处」的内容，并非 P7 中的反方论据。

• B)张冠李戴

  render them unable to carve out unique identities 同样取自 help them carve out unique identities as they reach adulthood，是广告作为「益处」的功能描述，非 P7 中反方对禁令的反对理由。

• C)偷换概念

  breach their freedom as would-be consumers 中 their 指 young children；但 a breach of freedom of speech 中被侵犯的是「言论自由」，主语暗指「企业表达自由」，不是「孩子作为准消费者的自由」。

• D)✓ 正确
  • infringe the rights of corporations to brainwash little children into demanding their products↔violate the rights endowed upon advertisers
  • the rights of corporations to brainwash little children into demanding their products↔the rights endowed upon advertisers

  反方第二条论据「损害企业的权利」被选项 D 完整同义改写为「侵犯广告商被赋予的权利」，且两条论据中只有该条被选项明确复述。