2023年12月·第3套 英语六级阅读理解（四选一） 第 1 篇 · 46–50 题答案与解析

How can research serve its full purpose according to the author? 问的是"通过什么方式"，要求从文中找到作者明示的条件句。

题干 How can research serve its full purpose according to the author? 是一个标准 How 类疑问句：情态动词 can 提到主语 research 前，谓语 serve 带宾语 its full purpose；according to the author 是状语，只是限定信息来源，不影响理解。结构平铺直叙，无陷阱。

• A)无中生有

  With researchers being aware of public interests 说"研究者要意识到公众利益"，原文从未谈论"研究者的觉察"这一前提，P1 强调的是"传播"而非"觉察"。

• B)与原文相反

  With its findings published in prominent journals 把"发表在顶级期刊上"当作答案，但 P1 恰恰指出"必须离开学术期刊"——发表在顶级期刊只是 P4 中讲到的研究者评职称的手段，与"研究发挥充分作用"相反。

• C)张冠李戴

  With researchers creating products that enhance social development 把 creating products and innovations that enhance development 这句"研究的目标之一"挪用来作为"研究发挥作用的方式"——这是研究的目的描述，不是 serve its full purpose 的条件。

• D)✓ 正确
  • the results must leave the confines of research laboratories and academic journals↔With its findings properly communicated beyond the academic circle

  选项 With its findings properly communicated beyond the academic circle 用同义替换还原了预判的"研究结果必须走出学术圈"，是定位句的标准转述。

Why do ordinary readers find it difficult to access the results of researchers' studies? 问具体原因，且原因点是"读不懂研究结果"这一具体行为，需回原文找直接陈述。

题干 Why do ordinary readers find it difficult to access the results of researchers' studies? 主干是 readers find it difficult to access，find sth difficult to do 是常见结构，it 是形式宾语，真正宾语是后面的不定式 to access...；the results of researchers' studies 是多重 of 修饰的名词短语。无难点。

• A)✓ 正确
  • academic language incomprehensible to the average reader↔They cannot understand the academic language used for reporting these results

  选项 They cannot understand the academic language used for reporting these results 是定位句"X 对 Y 不可理解"到"Y 不能理解 X"的标准视角转换，与预判完全吻合。

• B)无中生有

  They feel intimidated by the jargon researchers use to describe their findings 中 feel intimidated（感到畏惧）原文从未提及；jargon（行话）原文也未出现这个词。

• C)偷换概念

  They do not attend conferences where these results are freely available 把 freely available 从"免费可读"偷换为"会议上免费提供"；原文是说"少数期刊允许人人阅读，即便免费可读也用艰涩语言"，不是说在 conferences 上免费提供。

• D)答非所问

  They have few chances to locate the journals that publish these findings 说"普通读者找不到这些期刊"，但原文 But few journals allow everybody to read the findings 说的是"少数期刊允许所有人阅读"——即"读到"的问题，而非"找到"的问题；且题干问的是 difficult to access the results（读懂结果），不是 difficult to locate the journals（找到期刊）。

What is one of the reasons some researchers won't prioritise communicating their findings to the public? 直接问"原因之一"，要求从原文找明示因果句。

题干 What is one of the reasons some researchers won't prioritise communicating their findings to the public? 主干是 What is one of the reasons...；reasons 后的 some researchers won't prioritise... 是省略 that 的定语从句修饰 reasons；communicating 后的 their findings to the public 是 V-ing 短语的双宾语结构。结构略长但语义清晰。

• A)答非所问

  They can thrive on the papers published 说"他们靠发表的论文茁壮成长"——题干问的是"为什么不优先对外传播的原因"，A 描述的是"发文的结果/好处"，而非"不愿对外传播的原因"，且 thrive on 的积极语义与原文"压力"对应不上。

• B)✓ 正确
  • their main goal is winning tenure↔Their top consideration is to win tenure

  选项 Their top consideration is to win tenure 是定位句 their main goal is winning tenure 几乎逐词的同义替换，且与预判"首要目标是 tenure"完全一致。

• C)无中生有

  Their main goal is gaining recognition in their field 把研究者目标改成"在领域内获得认可"——原文 their main goal is winning tenure 明确写的是 winning tenure（拿到终身教职），不是 recognition；这是把因果中段的"靠发文"过度泛化为"求认可"。

• D)与原文相反

  They have to struggle to reach out to the community 说"他们必须努力对外传播"，但原文 community-level outreach is not prioritised 是说"不优先做"——不是"努力做"，方向完全相反。

How can sharing findings benefit researchers themselves? 问"如何受益"，需要在原文找具体受益机制的陈述。

题干 How can sharing findings benefit researchers themselves? 主干 sharing findings 作主语（动名词短语），benefit 是及物动词，researchers themselves 是宾语+反身代词强调。themselves 是理解关键，标明"受益方是研究者自己"。

• A)✓ 正确
  • could suggest fruitful new directions for research↔By helping them to identify new research directions

  选项 By helping them to identify new research directions 是定位句 could suggest fruitful new directions for research 的同义改写，且 By Ving 结构正好回应题干 How。

• B)张冠李戴

  By enabling them to understand crises plaguing society 借用了 respond to crises that plague society 的措辞——但 P6 讲的是"分享有助于其他主体（家庭、社区、政策制定者等）理解危机"，受益者并非"研究者自身"；与题干 researchers themselves 错位。

• C)张冠李戴

  By enabling them to effectively address social discrepancies 借用 addressing certain social discrepancies 的措辞——同样是 P6 讲对社会的好处，而非对研究者自身的好处；与题干 themselves 错位。

• D)无中生有

  By helping them to forge ties with government agencies 说"帮助他们与政府机构建立关系"——原文虽提过 government agencies（P6 列举受益方时），但从未把"与政府机构结盟"作为研究者自身的受益方式。

Why are researchers advised to engage the services of professional writers or communication officers? 问"为何建议聘请"，需要从原文找明示的目的或结果状语。

题干 Why are researchers advised to engage the services of professional writers or communication officers? 是被动语态：are advised to do（被建议做）；engage 在此为正式词义"聘请"；professional writers or communication officers 是并列名词词组。结构清晰，注意 engage 不是"参与"而是"聘用"。

• A)张冠李戴

  To satisfy ethics committees' mandatory requirements of researchers 把 ethics committees should make it mandatory 这一伦理委员会的强制要求挪用来作为聘请写手的目的；但 P10 与 P11 是两个独立建议——伦理委员会强制研究者分享是一回事，聘请写手帮助翻译是另一回事，两者目的不同。

• B)偷换概念

  To translate their study into languages accessible to readers overseas 把 more accessible language 偷换为 languages accessible to readers overseas（让海外读者读懂）——原文从未提及 overseas / readers abroad 等概念，只说"通俗易懂"，不涉及外语翻译。

• C)✓ 正确
  • to help with translating their study into more accessible language↔To make their publications correctly understood by the public
  • There could be misunderstanding of the findings presented by the researcher because of technical terms.↔correctly understood by the public

  选项 To make their publications correctly understood by the public 是 P11 整段问题（误解）与解决（翻译成通俗语言）的目的合成，与预判完全吻合。

• D)与原文相反

  To render their findings acceptable by prominent journals 说"让顶级期刊接受研究"——这是 P4 中谈到的另一动机（评 tenure 时投顶级期刊），且 P1 明确批判"留在期刊里就发挥不了作用"；聘请写手的目的恰恰是"走出期刊面向公众"，方向相反。