2024年12月·第1套 英语四级听力真题原文与答案解析

What do we learn about Sherry Christian?

最高级 longest-serving 强调。答案句的信号是最高级 longest-serving driver on the force——『在职最久的司机』。最高级是新闻强调『独一份身份』的标志，一旦听到 the longest / the most，往往就是出题点，要立刻锁定。

• the city is celebrating its longest-serving driver on the force↔She is the longest-serving bus driver in Fayetteville.同身份的换说法

• A)张冠李戴录音里 The City of Fayetteville is making a special effort to recognize its bus drivers 的主语是『城市』在努力表彰司机；选项 A 把它偷换成 She is making a special effort to be recognized.——变成『她自己在努力争取被认可』。努力的人从城市换成了她本人，主语张冠李戴。

  借用原文：The City of Fayetteville is making a special effort to recognize its bus drivers

• B)原词陷阱录音第 2 段说 Christian has been a driver for 25 years.——她当『司机』25 年；选项 B 把这个 25 年的数字盗来，安到 living in Fayetteville for 25 years『在 Fayetteville 住了 25 年』上。录音说的是开车 25 年、不是住了 25 年，听到 25 years 就选正中陷阱。

  借用原文：Christian has been a driver for 25 years.

• C)原词陷阱录音第 3 段 Transit Driver Appreciation Day has been celebrated across the country as far back as 2009. 里的 2009，说的是『这个表彰日全国早在 2009 年就有了』，与她本人无关；选项 C 把 2009 盗来，说成 driving a school bus ever since 2009『她从 2009 年起开校车』。年份对象被偷换，听到 2009 就选即中招。

  借用原文：Transit Driver Appreciation Day has been celebrated across the country as far back as 2009.

What did city officials of Fayetteville want bus drivers to be aware of?

官方表态 said they want…to know。答案句的信号是官方直接表态 Officials said they want bus drivers to know how important they are——『官员说想让司机知道他们有多重要』。said…want…to know 直接抛出他们要传达的内容，是答案句的明确路标。

• how important they are to Fayetteville↔The importance of their service to the city.形容词改名词

• B)原词陷阱录音句尾 serving almost 1.6 million riders a year 确实念到了乘客数量，但它只是补充说明司机为何重要的背景；选项 B 把这个数字盗来当成官方想让司机知道的内容 The number of riders they serve in the city.。官方强调的是『重要性』，不是『乘客数量』这个数字本身，听到 riders 就选即中招。

  借用原文：serving almost 1.6 million riders a year

• C)答非所问录音第 3 段 this week, the City of Fayetteville issued a proclamation 提到本周发了公告，选项 C 把它说成 The new proclamation issued early this week.。公告是事件背景，题目问的是『官方想让司机知道什么』，公告本身不是答案，属答非所问。

  借用原文：this week, the City of Fayetteville issued a proclamation for the day

• D)原词陷阱录音 for the day to take place March 18th 念到了活动日期 3 月 18 日，选项 D 把它说成 The significance of the event to take place March 18.。日期只是活动安排的细节，官方想让司机知道的是『他们的重要性』而非『这个活动的意义』，听到 March 18 就选即被日期带偏。

  借用原文：for the day to take place March 18th

What does the news report say the Wilton School Board has done?

开篇首句直陈主体动作。新闻把核心事实放在开篇，第一句 The Wilton School Board has proposed a 5.99% spending increase. 直接交代了校董会做的事，主体+动作+数字俱全，正是答案句。

• has proposed a 5.99% spending increase↔Proposed a spending increase by 5.99 percent.原句几乎平移到选项

• A)原词陷阱Budgeted $56.7 million for the coming school year. 借用了录音真实念到的数字 56.7 million，可录音说的是 up from the $56.7 million budgeted for the current school year——这是『本学年』已编的旧预算、是被比较的基数，并非为『下一学年』新编的，听到 56.7 million 就选会掉坑。

  借用原文：up from the $56.7 million budgeted for the current school year

• B)原词陷阱Requested to raise teachers' salaries by 3 percent. 看似与教师薪资相关，但录音只说薪资占比 64% of the total request 与金额升至 59 million，从未说按 3% 加薪；3 percent 与录音里的 2.99% 近似，是用近似数字加上『加薪』这个貌似合理的动作拼出来的干扰。

  借用原文：2.99% for the 2021-2022 school year

• D)原词陷阱Kept raising funds for at least 8 budget cycles. 抓住了录音里的 at least eight budget cycles，但录音原意是『这是至少八个预算周期以来最大的一次涨幅』，eight budget cycles 是个时间比较范围，并非校董会『持续筹款八个周期』这个动作，属于把时间状语硬读成动作。

  借用原文：the largest jump in at least eight budget cycles

What will a decline in the total enrollment lead to?

因果词 mean 点出后果。录音用 Fewer students mean less federal and state funding 中的 mean 直接把『学生减少』和『拨款减少』连起来，mean 后面那一截就是题目要的后果，是标准的因果信号句。

• less federal and state funding↔Reduction in federal and state funding.less 换成名词 Reduction

• A)原词陷阱Decrease in salaries for school administrators. 里 salaries 一词录音确实出现过（教师薪资升至 59 million），但录音只说薪资是上涨的、且针对的是教师而非行政人员，更没说招生下降会让薪资下降，是把听过的 salaries 拿来嫁接的无中生有后果。

  借用原文：teacher salaries. These account for 64% of the total request at $59 million

• C)未提及Firing of less qualified faculty members. 听上去『钱少了就裁人』很合逻辑，但录音对学生减少给出的唯一后果是拨款减少，从未提到裁教师，这是用常识脑补、原文未提。
• D)未提及Closing down of some less competitive schools. 同样是凭常识想象的后果，录音谈的是同一个学区内部的预算与拨款，根本没提到关停任何学校，属未提及。

What do we learn about thundersnows from the report?

定义句"The phenomenon happens when…"。信号是这句对现象下定义的结构 The phenomenon happens when（这一现象发生在……之时），新闻在介绍一个陌生概念后，紧跟的这种"定义/解释句"就是该现象特征的承载句，听到"The phenomenon…"就锁定它后面的内容。

• loud claps that can be confused with explosions↔Their loud claps can be confused with explosions.原句换主语几乎平移

• A)原词陷阱录音开头只说这次事件发生在苏格兰这一具体地点，并没说雷雪"往往发生在苏格兰高地"。A 借"Scotland/highlands"这个地名营造熟悉感，把"这一次在苏格兰"偷换成"通常在高地"，是个频率/范围被夸大的陷阱。

  借用原文：A rare thundersnow event has taken place in Scotland.

• B)原词陷阱录音里 woken up in the middle of the night 说的是"某个人这一次在半夜被吵醒"，并非"雷雪通常发生在半夜"。B 把这个时间状语原词搬过来，又加上"usually"夸成惯例，听到"middle of the night"就选 B 正中陷阱。

  借用原文：Another person was woken up in the middle of the night

• C)偷换概念录音说的是雷雪的"巨响"可被误当爆炸（声音层面），并没说它的"破坏力"和炸弹一样大。C 借用"bombs"这个原词，把"声音像炸弹"偷换成"破坏力像炸弹"，听到 bombs 就选会掉进去。

  借用原文：loud claps that can be confused with explosions

What did the police do when they received the local residents' phone calls?

主语 the police 紧跟的动作句。信号是以警方为主语、紧接"接到大量电话"之后的那个动作 they sent out a message asking people to remain calm。题目问"接到电话后做了什么"，录音里"接到电话"这句的下一句就是答案落点，顺着叙事次序就能接住。

• sent out a message asking people to remain calm↔They sent out a message to calm them down."请人保持冷静"="使其平静"

• B)未提及录音只提到有人"以为是施工开工"，从没说警方"承诺停止施工"。B 借"construction"这个画面把不存在的承诺安到警方头上，属凭空捏造的动作。

  借用原文：what he thought was early construction work starting

• C)原词陷阱录音是警方"向大家保证这只是雷电、不是军事演习"，并非"告诉大家军演结束了"。C 偷来"military exercise"原词，把"不是军演"改成"军演已结束"——录音根本没有军演，何来结束，听到 military exercise 就选 C 正中陷阱。

  借用原文：it was just thunder and lightning rather than some military exercise

• D)原词陷阱录音里"plane crash"只是某人形容声音"像飞机失事"的比喻，根本没有真飞机失事，警方更没"前往勘查失事现场"。D 把这个比喻里的原词搬来，编出一个不存在的警方动作，听到 plane crash 就选会掉坑。

  借用原文：described it as a loud boom, similar to a plane crash

What were people advised to do when traveling outside?

提醒信号"were warned to be careful"。信号是 people were warned to be careful when traveling outside 里的"were warned"（被提醒）这一提醒标志词，它后面紧跟的 be careful 就是"被建议做什么"的直接答案，听到 warned/advised 就锁后面的动作。

• people were warned to be careful↔Take caution"be careful"="take caution"

• A)过度推断录音虽说"本季最冷"，但提醒的内容是"小心"，并没说让大家"保暖"。A 借"最冷天气"的语境顺势推出"keep warm"，是录音没明说的过度延伸，听到 coldest 就联想到保暖会被带偏。

  借用原文：The weather was the coldest it had been for the season

• C)原词陷阱录音说"结冰湿滑路面会给司机带来困难"，是提醒司机小心，并没说"别开车"。C 借"drivers"原词把"开车要当心"偷换成"避免开车"，比录音说得更绝对，听到 drivers 就选 C 会掉坑。

  借用原文：dangerous conditions such as icy roads or wet ground could cause difficulty for drivers

• D)与原文相反录音说"铁路服务也宣布列车可能因大雪受扰"，是说火车也受影响、不可靠，绝非建议大家"改坐火车"。D 偷来"rail service"原词，把"火车受影响"反着说成"用火车出行"，听到 rail service 就选 D 正中反向陷阱。

  借用原文：The rail service also announced potential disruptions to trains due to the deep snow.

What does the woman say she was actually wondering about?

actually 纠偏后的真意。女方先用 No 否定男方的猜测，再用 actually 引出自己真正在想的事——"actually"后面才是她的本意，这正是答案信号：纠正/转折之后的内容才是落点。

• how you could possibly afford a new phone↔How the man could possibly afford a new phone.几乎原句搬运，仅换人称

• A)原词陷阱录音确有男方 I'm going to the city centre to buy a new phone today. 这种"今天就去买"的急切感，A 借此造"为何这么急"的诱惑；但女方明说在想的是"怎么买得起"，不是"为何急"。

  借用原文：I'm going to the city centre to buy a new phone today.

• C)原词陷阱女方确实说了 getting another phone so soon is wasteful，C 盗这个 wasteful 来骗；但这是她在 But now that you mention it 之后补的评价，题干问的是她"actually was wondering"的那件事，那件事是"如何负担"，不是"如何变浪费"。

  借用原文：getting another phone so soon is wasteful

• D)张冠李戴录音后文男方说 I just got a credit card，D 借"信用卡"造"为何爱用卡"的问题；但这是男方的话、且在女方发问之后，女方"在想"的内容里根本没有它。

  借用原文：I just got a credit card

Why is the man a little embarrassed by the phone he's using now?

the thing is 引出真正缘由。男方用 but the thing is 转入正题，紧接着给出难为情的原因——"大家都有又好又贵的手机"。"the thing is"是"我接下来说的才是要点"的提示，正是答案信号。

• everyone at the office has a nice, expensive phone↔It is not as fancy as his colleagues'.正话反说＋同义改写
• I'm a little embarrassed by mine↔It is not as fancy as his colleagues'.难为情对应的正是"比不上"

• A)未提及男方只说自己手机比不上同事、并非"不再时髦"。in fashion 这层意思录音从未出现，是凭"旧手机"常识硬加的。
• B)未提及男方难为情是因为手机不够气派，不是因为它老出故障。"goes out of order"录音里完全没有对应。
• D)原词陷阱录音确有 everyone at the office 出现"office"，D 用 functions office work requires 把"office"接到"工作功能缺失"上；但男方难为情是"不如别人气派"，从没说手机缺工作所需功能。

  借用原文：everyone at the office has a nice, expensive phone

What does the man say about the credit card he just got?

数字/期限信息点。男方介绍卡时给出 I don't pay any interest for six months——"不付利息"加"六个月"是一处明确的数字/条件信息，正是该题的答案信号，听到数字就该锁定。

• I don't pay any interest for six months↔It allows him to borrow money without paying interest for six months.同义改写＋补出隐含的"借钱"

• A)未提及卡的好处是"免息"而非"以更优价格买手机"。a more favorable price 录音里没有对应，免息不等于降价。
• B)张冠李戴录音里女方说 you are a recent graduate，B 借此编出"专给应届办公族的特别优惠"；但这是女方议论男方身份的话，与卡的优惠对象无关，男方介绍卡时根本没提面向谁。

  借用原文：you are a recent graduate

• C)原词陷阱录音反复出现 credit card 的 credit，C 借此造 a good enough credit score 的门槛；但男方说的是"免息"，从没提任何信用分要求，credit score 是凭 credit 一词联想出来的。

  借用原文：the credit card has a very good special offer

What do we learn about one of the woman's colleagues?

举例＋"became a bad habit"落点。女方用 One of my colleagues 引出例子，关键落在 it became a bad habit——"变成一个坏习惯"是这句话的结论，正是答案信号：举例句里那个"演变成…"的结果才是要点。

• bought a lot of things on credit ... it became a bad habit↔She developed a habit of overspending."乱买成习惯"概括为 overspending habit

• A)原词陷阱录音确有 she accumulated a lot of debt 出现 debt，A 借此编出"借钱去还债"；但原文只说她"欠了债"，从没说她"再借钱来还"，多绕了一步。

  借用原文：she accumulated a lot of debt

• C)原词陷阱录音说她 bought a lot of things on credit，C 改成"enjoys buying a lot of fancy things"；"fancy（华而不实/高档）"与"enjoys（乐在其中）"录音都没有，原文重点是"成了坏习惯"而非"她爱买好东西"。

  借用原文：bought a lot of things on credit

• D)张冠李戴后文男方说 I'm sure she regrets it，D 借此说"她后悔没听劝"；但这是男方的推测、且"没听 the woman 的劝"录音根本没有，属把男方的话安到同事头上。

  借用原文：I'm sure she regrets it

What does the tiny home movement mainly advocate?

被问者应答 + mainly 点题。前一段主持人直接发问"can you tell our audience what it's about"，紧接着这段是被问者 Bob 的正面应答，且自带点题词 it's mainly about——对话题里"提问后被问者的第一句正面回答"加上 mainly 这种总括词，正是答案句的双重信号。

• increasing home ownership↔Home ownership动名词短语压缩成名词
• protecting the environment↔environmental protection动词短语名词化

• A)原词陷阱录音开头确实说嘉宾是 a popular blog writer，后文也提到省 fewer resources，本项 Blog writing and natural resources saving 把这两个零散原词拼到一起冒充主旨，但"写博客"只是嘉宾身份、不是这个运动主张的内容，答非所问。

  借用原文：a popular blog writer

• B)未提及Joint efforts to improve the local community 说"合力改善本地社区"，但录音通篇只讲购房与环保，从未提到"社区"或"共同努力"，属凭空添加。
• C)原词陷阱录音里 The Morning Show 只是这档节目的名字，本项 Audience participation in The Morning Show 借这个耳熟的专有名词，硬说运动主张是"观众参与节目"，与运动内容毫不相干。

  借用原文：The Morning Show

What does the woman say about houses as small as 20 square meters?

转折 But + 直接否定评价。这句以 But 转折开头，女方先承认目标好、随即话锋一转给出否定评价 That's not a realistic size for families——转折后那句才是她的真实立场，正是答案句信号。题干问"the woman 说了什么"，定位到女方说话的这一段即可。

• That's not a realistic size for families↔Not a realistic size for families去掉主系结构后近乎原意

• B)未提及Not welcomed by most Americans 说"不受多数美国人欢迎"，但女方只说尺寸"不现实"，从没提"美国人"或"受不受欢迎"，是凭空替换成另一种否定理由。
• C)张冠李戴录音后面男方才提到 many families of four are happy living（四口之家也住得开），本项 Only fit for families of four or less 盗用"four"这个数字，还用 Only 把范围限死成"仅四口以下"。这既张冠李戴（那是男方后说的、且态度相反），又把话说绝了。

  借用原文：many families of four are happy living in houses that are under 30 square meters

• D)未提及Only suitable for renting to the poor 说"只适合租给穷人"，录音里女方对小房子只评价了"尺寸不现实"，从未谈到"出租"或"穷人"，纯属添加。

What does the man think about the dream of owning a 150-square-meter house?

but + I think + needs to change 表态。前一段女方说大房子"是人们梦想拥有的"，男方先 Yes 让步、随即用 but I think that dream needs to change 转折表态。but + I think 是态度信号，needs to change（需要改变）直接亮明他的立场，正是答案句。

• that dream needs to change↔It should be changed主动 needs to 改成被动 should be

• B)偷换概念录音男方提到 considering the cost of housing（考虑住房成本），本项 It isn't easy to realize 借"成本高"联想成"梦想不易实现"，但男方的原话是"梦想该改"，不是"难实现"，偷换了概念。

  借用原文：considering the cost of housing

• C)与原文相反It will come true sooner or later 说"迟早会实现"，方向与男方"该改变"完全相反。男方否定的是这个大房梦本身，绝不会说它迟早成真。

  借用原文：that dream needs to change

• D)未提及It doesn't appeal to average families 说"对普通家庭没吸引力"，但男方对这个 150 平米梦想只说了"该改"，从没说"对谁没吸引力"，是另造一个评价。

What does the man say about tiny homes?

So 收束 + but 后的总评。这句以 So 收束前面关于省钱的讨论，男方先让步"未必适合所有人"、再用 but 给出总评 they're a good option for many。So 后的总结句加 but 后的真态度，是这道总评题的双重信号。

• they're a good option for many↔They are a good choice for many peopleoption=choice、many=many people

• A)偷换概念录音谈到小房子便宜、能省钱 a tiny home costs just \$50,000，本项 They help to lower housing prices 借"价格"话题，偷换成"帮助拉低房价"。男方说的是"个人买得起、省钱"，不是"压低市场房价"，概念被偷换。

  借用原文：Many people who can only afford to rent a large home are able to buy a tiny home

• B)与原文相反录音说省下的钱让人能"买下小房子"，本项 They help to save up for larger houses 把方向拧反成"攒钱去买更大的房子"。这与男方"买小房子、改掉大房梦"的主张正相反。

  借用原文：are able to buy a tiny home

• D)过度推断录音只在结尾说小房子"用更少土地与资源" they use less land and fewer resources，本项 They are vital to reducing waste worldwide 用 vital（至关重要）、worldwide（全世界）夸大成"对全球减废至关重要"，程度和范围都远超原话。

  借用原文：they use less land and fewer resources to build them

What do children seem to have a natural desire to do?

序数词 To begin with 领出第一个要点。To begin with 是篇章列举的第一个序数词，它后面紧跟的就是本段第一个论点句，也是题干里 natural desire 原话的落点，听到序数词起头就要立刻锁定其后这句。

• overcome challenges and take risks↔Beat challenges and take risksovercome 同义替换为 Beat

• A)原词陷阱原文开头确有 run, jump, stretch and play，又多处讲 pleasure，选项 Play outdoors and enjoy themselves. 拼出 play 与 enjoy 听着耳熟，但这些不是孩子天生渴望要做的那件事，与题干 natural desire 错位。

  借用原文：run, jump, stretch and play

• C)张冠李戴原文有 improve emotional well-being，选项 Take care of their well-being. 借了 well-being 这个原词，但提升幸福感是运动带来的好处，不是孩子天生的渴望，把别处的内容安到本题上。

  借用原文：improve emotional well-being

• D)未提及Grow up strong and healthy. 是人人认同的常识，听着最顺，但原文说孩子天生渴望的是克服挑战、承担风险，并未说他们天生渴望健康成长，凭印象选它就中了陷阱。

According to the American Psychological Association, what does regular physical activity do to children?

出处词 according to 与题干同源对接。原文 according to the American Psychological Association 与题干出处一字不差，听到这个机构名就知道答案句到了，其后 reduces children's stress and depression 即为落点。

• reduces children's stress and depression↔Reduce their stress and depression近乎同表述、仅人称代词改写

• A)原词陷阱原文 develop their motor skills 确有这个搭配，选项 Enable them to develop their motor skills. 原词照搬，听着最像，但这是第一段讲运动总体好处时说的，不属于美国心理学会出处句，被题干的出处限定排除。

  借用原文：develop their motor skills

• B)偷换概念原文出现 persist through frustration 与 positive outlet for frustration，选项 Help them to conceal their frustration. 借 frustration 一词，却把原文的疏导挫折偷换成隐藏挫折，方向相反。

  借用原文：positive outlet for frustration

• D)未提及Prevent them from feeling lonely. 听起来合理，但原文讲的是减压、抗抑郁、助专注，从未提到防止孤独，属于无中生有。

What does the passage say about cultivating the habit of physical activity?

序数词 Finally 领出末点、starts early 是定性词。Finally 标出最后一个要点，紧接着 cultivating the habit of physical activity starts early 直接对养成习惯下定性，starts early 就是答案的核心信息。

• cultivating the habit of physical activity starts early↔It begins earlystarts 同义替换为 begins、习惯被代词 It 概括

• B)未提及It proves demanding. 说养成习惯很费劲，但原文只说它 starts early，并未评价它吃力，属于无中生有。
• C)原词陷阱原文确有 a healthy coping skill throughout life 和 a lifelong love of physical activity，选项 It calls for lifelong efforts. 借 lifelong 这个原词，但原文是说会终身热爱、终身受用，绝不是说养成习惯需要终身努力，把听到的 lifelong 安错了对象，也与本题定性句 starts early 矛盾。

  借用原文：a lifelong love of physical activity

• D)原词陷阱原文结尾确有 gardening or nature experiences，选项 It lies in nature experiences. 搬了 nature experiences 这个原词，但那是在举可替代的活动选项，不是在说养成习惯这件事的特点，答非所问。

  借用原文：gardening or nature experiences

When are job seekers willing to explore jobs with lower salaries, according to a new study?

when 条件状语点出触发条件。这句用 when companies are more diverse 这个条件状语，直接把『愿接受低薪』的触发条件说出来，正是题干 When 所问。开篇第一句即点题，是篇章独白的典型落点。

• when companies are more diverse↔When companies embrace greater diversity形容词转动词的同义改写

• A)原词陷阱录音后文确有 sharing information about diversity 和提到在线平台，A 项 share their information online 盗用了 information、online 这些原词，但它说的是公司在网上分享信息，并非求职者接受低薪的触发条件，听到原词就选会落入陷阱。

  借用原文：sharing information about diversity

• B)原词陷阱录音提到平台按 their job search criteria 推送邮件，B 项 When their job search criteria are met fully 借用了 job search criteria 这个原词，但录音从没说『求职标准被完全满足』才接受低薪，这是用原词拼出的无中生有条件。

  借用原文：their job search criteria

• D)偷换概念录音说多样性让 job postings more attractive，D 项 When they find job postings visually attractive. 盗用了 job postings、attractive，却加了 visually（视觉上）这层录音没有的意思，把『内容上更有吸引力』偷换成『看起来好看』。

  借用原文：more attractive to job seekers

What did participants see in the baseline condition of the study?

限定词 baseline condition 直接领出答案。录音用 In the baseline condition, participants saw emails in the normal format 直接点名基线组及其所见，与题干限定词完全对上，是顺听即可锁定的答案句；分号后是另一组，须切开别混。

• participants saw emails in the normal format↔Emails in the normal format.近乎原句的概括

• B)原词陷阱录音末尾提到 others in the same sector and location，B 项 Major companies in one location. 盗用了 location 这个原词，但录音从未说基线组看到『同一地点的大公司』，是借词造出的无中生有内容。

  借用原文：others in the same sector and location

• C)原词陷阱录音里 others in the same sector and location 出现过 same sector，C 项 All companies in the same sector. 直接搬来这个短语，但它说的是比较的参照系，不是基线组所见，听到 same sector 就选会中招。

  借用原文：compared to others in the same sector and location

• D)张冠李戴Various aspects of a company's workforce. 描述的是多样性组看到的 information about the race, gender, education, and language skills of a company's workforce，录音明确说基线组 with no information on diversity，D 把另一组的内容安到基线组头上。

  借用原文：information about the race, gender, education, and language skills of a company's workforce

What does the passage say participants seem to be paying attention to?

that is 收束句点明关注对象。这句由 that is 引出对前文的小结，并直接用 paying attention to information about diversity 说出参与者关注的对象，与题干表态短语完全对应，是篇章的结论落点。

• paying attention to information about diversity↔Information about diversity.提取宾语成名词短语

• A)未提及A 项 Job security. 在录音里从未出现，整篇只谈多样性信息与薪资，没有任何关于工作稳定性的内容，属凭印象添加的未提及项。
• B)过度推断录音多次提到 lower salaries，B 项 Potential pay raises. 借薪资话题推出『可能的加薪』，但录音只说参与者愿接受低薪、并未说他们关注加薪，是顺着薪资词过度推断。

  借用原文：listings with lower salaries

• C)原词陷阱C 项 Minimum base salary. 借用了录音反复出现的薪资话题，但录音从未提『最低底薪』这一概念，更没说参与者关注它，是用薪资原词拼出的偷换项。

  借用原文：listings with lower salaries

What does the passage say about the findings of a new study from Oregon State University?

对 findings 的直接定性。录音紧跟着研究结果给出定性 The findings are important，主语正是题干问的 findings，是一句直接的"X 是怎样的"判断句，这种直接定性句就是评价类细节题的答案落点。

• The findings are important↔Important.原词直接对应

• A)原词陷阱录音第三段确实出现 positive impacts，但那是形容狗对孩子生活的影响，不是形容这项研究的 findings，把 Positive. 安到 findings 上属答非所问。

  借用原文：dogs can have a lot of positive impacts on a child's life

• B)未提及Original. 表示"首创、原创的"，录音通篇没有对 findings 作此评价，属于无中生有。
• D)未提及Surprising. 是"出人意料的"，录音只说 findings 重要，没有任何"惊讶/意外"的措辞，属无中生有。

What does a growing body of evidence show according to the passage?

evidence that 引出结论。录音 a growing body of evidence that dogs can help children in many ways 中的 that 直接引出证据的内容，这种"evidence that + 句子"结构里 that 后面就是答案落点。

• dogs can help children in many ways↔Dogs can help kids in many ways.children 与 kids 同义替换

• A)原词陷阱Dogs match their behavior with kids as much as with adults. 借用了录音里 match...behavior 的说法，但本题问的是 evidence 表明什么（帮孩子），而且原文后文恰恰说狗匹配孩子行为"少于"成人，并非 as much as，与原文相反。

  借用原文：dogs are matching children's behavior, but less frequently than what we have seen between dogs and adults

• B)原词陷阱Kids and adults alike find in dogs a source of attachment. 套用了录音里 source of attachment 一词，但原文是说狗"作为依恋来源"帮助孩子，并没有说"孩子和成人都把狗当依恋来源"，多加了 adults，属偷换概念。

  借用原文：serving as a source of attachment in the face of changing family structures

• C)未提及Kids' attitude to dogs is influenced by adults. 谈的是"成人影响孩子对狗的态度"，录音通篇没有这层意思，属无中生有。

What did Monique Udell say their study suggests?

suggests that 引出研究暗示。录音中 This suggests that while dogs may view children as social companions 用 suggests that 直接对应题干的 study suggests，这正是 Udell 讲话里点明"研究暗示什么"的句子。

• dogs may view children as social companions↔Dogs pay much attention to the kids they live with.概括上位替换

• B)原词陷阱Dogs view both adults and kids as social companions. 套用了原文 social companions 一词，但 Udell 强调的是狗把"孩子"当伙伴、且和成人有差异，并非"成人和孩子都"一视同仁，加了 both...and 反而违背她说的 differences，与原文相反。

  借用原文：while dogs may view children as social companions, there are also some differences

• C)张冠李戴Kids differ from adults in their behavior towards dogs. 借用原文 differences 一词，但原文说的是"狗匹配孩子行为少于成人"，差异在于"狗对孩子和对成人"的行为，而非"孩子和成人对狗"的行为，主体被调换，属张冠李戴。

  借用原文：dogs are matching children's behavior, but less frequently than what we have seen between dogs and adults

• D)原词陷阱Kids need to be aware of the risks in playing with dogs. 套用了第三段提到的 risks，但本题问 Udell 说研究"暗示"什么，而风险是后文另一处内容，且原文未说"孩子需提防风险"，答非所问。

  借用原文：there are also risks associated with the dog-child relationship

What does research show kids are very capable of doing?

capable of 直接点能力。录音末句 research does show that kids are very capable of training dogs 与题干几乎逐词重合，capable of 后面的 training dogs 就是答案动作，是直接的能力陈述句。

• kids are very capable of training dogs↔Training dogs.动作短语直接对应

• A)张冠李戴Understanding dogs. 借用了原文 understand 一词，但原文说的是"我们（研究者）还有很多要去了解"，understand 的主体是研究者而非孩子，把它套到"孩子擅长理解狗"属张冠李戴。

  借用原文：there are also some differences that we need to understand better

• C)未提及Taking care of dogs. 的"照料狗"录音通篇没有提到，属无中生有。
• D)未提及Associating with dogs. 的"与狗交往"虽与全文话题相关，但原文明说孩子擅长的是 training（训练），没有说 associating，属未提及。