2018年12月·第2套 英语六级阅读理解（四选一） 第 2 篇 · 51–55 题答案与解析

题干 What does the author say about Japan? 是 "What does the author say about + 具体对象"，问的是文中对某个具体对象的客观陈述，不带 infer/suggest/imply。

What does the author say about Japan? 是标准 wh- 疑问句：主语 the author，谓语 say，about Japan 是介词短语状语指明话题。结构平铺直叙，无陷阱。

• A)偷换概念

  It delivers the best medications for the elderly. 把 deliver medications 偷换成"最好的药"，并增加"for the elderly"，原文没有任何"最好"或"老人"对应表达。

• B)✓ 正确
  • Japan is ahead of the curve when it comes to this trend.↔It takes the lead in providing robotic care.

  B 项把"领先"用 take the lead 表达，把"机器人护理"用 robotic care 表达，与预判完全契合，故选 B。

• C)无中生有

  It provides retraining for registered nurses. 中的 retraining 在全文找不到对应；原文仅提护士短缺，未提日本对护士做再培训。

• D)以偏概全

  It sets the trend in future robotics technology. 把原文限定的"机器人护理 (this trend = 用机器人解决护士短缺)"扩大为"整个未来机器人技术"，范围过大。

题干 What do we learn about the robot Terapio? 问 "我们从文中了解到 Terapio 什么"，是 What do we learn about 句型，等同于细节询问。

What do we learn about the robot Terapio? 主语 we，谓语 learn，about the robot Terapio 是话题状语，the robot 是 Terapio 的同位说明。无难点。

• A)与原文相反

  It has been put to use in many Japanese hospitals. 用现在完成时 has been put to use 表示"已被广泛使用"，原文却说 will likely be one of the first to be implemented——是将来时的"很可能将率先被引入"，并未发生。

• B)张冠李戴

  It provides specific individualized care to patients. 中 individualized care to patients="为病人提供个性化照护"；原文 It follows a specific individual, such as a doctor or nurse 是"跟随某位医护人员"——主语虽是 Terapio，宾语却是医护而非病人。

• C)✓ 正确
  • it has fairly minimal patient contact↔It does not have much direct contact with patients.

  C 把 minimal 用 not much 这一更口语化的否定结构表达，把名词短语 patient contact 改成介词结构 contact with patients，与预判逐字对应。

• D)无中生有

  It has not revolutionized medical service in Japan. 给 Terapio 下"尚未革新医疗"的判断，原文只描述其功能，未做任何"革命/未革命"的评价。

题干 What are telepresence robots designed to do? 询问该机器人被设计的具体功能，是对具体功能的客观提问。

What are telepresence robots designed to do? 主语 telepresence robots，be designed to do 是被动+不定式，表"被设计来做……"。结构清晰。

• A)与原文相反

  Directly interact with patients to prevent them from feeling lonely. 中 directly interact 与原文 the robot itself doesn't have to engage directly—it can serve as an intermediary 正相反——原文强调机器人不直接参与，只做中介。

• B)过度推断

  Cater to the needs of patients for recovering their cognitive capacity. 中 recovering cognitive capacity 暗示"治疗/恢复"，原文 cognitive functioning 只说"有助于认知功能"，并未承诺恢复。

• C)无中生有

  Closely monitor the patients' movements and conditions around the clock. 中 around the clock（24 小时不间断）与 closely monitor movements 都未在原文出现，原文仅说"远程监护"且未规定时长。

• D)✓ 正确
  • allowing family members or doctors to remotely monitor patients or Skype them↔Facilitate communication between patients and doctors or family members.
  • enhance communication and decrease feelings of loneliness↔Facilitate communication between patients and doctors or family members.

  D 用上位词 communication 与 facilitate 收束原文两处下位动作（remotely monitor、Skype、enhance communication），与预判完全契合。

题干 What is one special feature of the robot Actroid F? 问"一个独有特征"，是对客观属性的询问。

What is one special feature of the robot Actroid F? 主系表结构，one special feature 是表语前置的疑问主语，of 短语点明所属对象。无难点。

• A)✓ 正确
  • so human-like that some patients may not know the difference↔It interacts with patients just like a human companion.
  • This conversational robot companion has cameras in its eyes, which allow it to track patients and use appropriate facial expressions and body language in its interactions.↔It interacts with patients just like a human companion.

  A 把"human-like + conversational companion + interactions"三处信息收敛为一句"like a human companion 互动"，与预判完全契合。

• B)偷换概念

  It operates quietly without patients realizing its presence. 把"病人难辨真假"误读成"病人没察觉"，原文 may not know the difference 是"分不清真假"，不是"没察觉存在"。

• C)过度推断

  It likes to engage in everyday conversations with patients. 把 conversational（可对话的）夸大为 likes everyday conversations（喜欢日常闲聊），原文未表达机器人"喜欢"任何事，机器人也不具人格偏好。

• D)无中生有

  It uses body language even more effectively than words. 把"使用面部表情和肢体语言"夸大为"肢体语言比词语更有效"，原文未做任何"肢体语言 vs 词语"的比较。

题干 What can we infer from the last paragraph? 含 infer，明确要求基于末段做一步推断。

What can we infer from the last paragraph? What 作 infer 的宾语前置，can we infer 是情态动词疑问，from the last paragraph 是来源状语。结构清楚。

• A)与原文相反

  Doctors and surgeons will soon be laid off. 与原文 robot doctors and surgeons may not be far off 正相反——原文说"机器人医生/外科医生可能不远了"，是人替换为机器人；而且整段强调合作而非替代，谁也不会被裁。

• B)以偏概全

  The robotics industry will soon take off. 把原文 This is one industry（指护理这一行业）扩大为"整个机器人产业"。原文只评护理行业用机器人的前景，不评机器人产业自身。

• C)✓ 正确
  • This is one industry where it seems the integration of robots will lead to collaboration, not replacement.↔Robots will not make nurses redundant.
  • freeing nurses up to attend to patients with immediate needs↔Robots will not make nurses redundant.

  C 把"not replacement"用 make…redundant 这一英式习语反向表达，词面与原文最远但语义最近，是推断题正确项的典型样态。

• D)偷换概念

  Collaboration will not replace competition. 把原文 collaboration, not replacement 中的 replacement（取代）偷换成 competition（竞争），并把 collaboration 的对立面强行改换。