2018年12月·第2套 英语六级听力真题原文与答案解析

What does the man ask the woman to do?

礼貌请求句 Do you mind。答案信号是请求句式 Do you mind taking my photo——Do you mind doing 是典型的「麻烦你做某事」，男方开口要对方做的动作就藏在 mind 后面的 taking my photo 里。

• taking my photo↔Take a picture of him同义替换 photo=picture

• A)原词陷阱女方回答里有 no worries（没问题），选项 Stop worrying about him. 盗用了 worry 这个词，但「别担心他」根本不是男方提出的请求，属听到原词就想选的陷阱。

  借用原文：no worries

• B)原词陷阱录音确实提到 with the statue over there，选项 Keep away from the statue. 借了 statue 这个词，但男方是想「和雕像合影」，绝非「远离雕像」，方向恰好相反。

  借用原文：with the statue over there

• D)未提及Put on a smile for the photo. 是「拍照要笑一笑」的常识联想，但录音里男方只请求拍照、从未要求对方微笑，属凭生活经验脑补、原文未提及。

What does the man dream of?

表愿望句 My dream is。答案信号是直接的表愿望句 My dream is to become an online celebrity——My dream is 后面紧跟的就是梦想本体，是最显眼的落点信号。

• an online celebrity↔Gaining great fame on the Internet概念改写 celebrity=fame

• B)原词陷阱录音反复提到 photos，选项 Publishing a collection of his photos. 借了 photos 并升级成「出一本影集」，但男方从没说要出版，属把原词嫁接到未提及的目标上。

  借用原文：posting some holiday photos

• C)原词陷阱Collecting the best photos in the world. 同样借 photos 一词，编成「收集全世界最好的照片」，录音里男方是想自己出名、不是收藏照片，方向被偷换。

  借用原文：posting some holiday photos

• D)过度推断Becoming a professional photographer. 是「爱拍照→当职业摄影师」的顺理成章联想，但男方明确说梦想是当网络名人、不是职业摄影师，属过度推断。

  借用原文：My dream is to become an online celebrity of sorts

What has the man been busy doing recently?

时间状语 Recently 引出近期动作。答案信号是时间词 Recently, I've been spending a lot more time editing photos, posting online——Recently 加现在完成进行时，正面回应「最近在忙什么」，其后列举的动作就是答案。

• editing photos↔Editing his pictures近义 photos=pictures
• posting online↔posting them online几乎原句对应

• A)答非所问Surfing various websites and collecting photos. 里 collecting photos 像在呼应拍照话题，但「最近」男方做的是修图+发帖，不是浏览网站收集照片；这是把别处或想象的动作安到「最近」上。

  借用原文：Recently, I've been spending a lot more time editing photos, posting online

• C)原词陷阱录音第9段确有 similar accounts to follow，选项 Following similar accounts to compare notes. 盗了 similar accounts，但那是男方上周末研究热门话题时做的事、且并无 compare notes 之意，与「最近在忙」的修图发帖不是同一动作。

  借用原文：similar accounts to follow

• D)偷换概念录音第9段提到 researching what topics are popular，选项 Studying the pictures in popular social media. 借了 popular 与 social media，但男方研究的是「热门话题」而非「研究社媒上的图片」，动作对象被偷换。

  借用原文：researching what topics are popular

What does the woman say about her photos?

含蓄否定 something wrong。答案信号是负面评价词 there's always something wrong with my photos——something wrong 直接给出「总有毛病」的差评，后面 half smiles、closed eyes、messy hair 是具体吐槽，态度是明确的不满意。

• there's always something wrong with my photos↔They are far from satisfactory差评互译 wrong=far from satisfactory

• B)张冠李戴录音末尾确有 the only person interested in my photos is my mom，选项 They are mostly taken by her mom. 盗用 mom 一词，但原文是「只有妈妈对我的照片感兴趣」，并非「照片大多是妈妈拍的」，把「感兴趣」偷换成「拍摄者」。

  借用原文：the only person interested in my photos is my mom

• C)与原文相反They make an impressive album. 是正面评价，而女方明说照片总有毛病，态度恰好相反；impressive 一词录音里出现过，但那是女方夸男方努力 That is impressive，与她自己的照片无关。

  借用原文：That is impressive

• D)未提及They record her fond memories.（记录美好回忆）是对照片的常见正面联想，但女方通篇在吐槽照片毛病，从未说它们承载美好回忆，属凭印象脑补、原文未提及。

What does the man say is Physics Today?

开场白的定性句。信号是节目最开头的自我介绍 Here we interview some of the greatest minds in physics——主持人 welcome 之后第一句就给节目下定义，'是什么'的答案几乎总落在开场白这种介绍句里。

• we interview some of the greatest minds in physics↔A series of interviews with outstanding physicists.同义改写：采访杰出物理学家

• A)原词陷阱A journal reporting the latest progress in physics. 借了 physics 一词，但把节目说成'期刊'，而录音是口头 interview 节目，体裁不符。

  借用原文：welcome to Physics Today

• B)未提及An introductory course of modern physics. 把节目说成'现代物理入门课程'，录音通篇无'course/课程'之意，属凭空捏造。
• C)偷换概念An occasion for physicists to exchange ideas. 听着像，但录音是主持人单向 interview 嘉宾，并非物理学家彼此 exchange ideas，把'采访'偷换成了'同行交流'。

  借用原文：Here we interview some of the greatest minds in physics

What is the woman physicist's main research area?

most of my time 标主次。信号词 I spend most of my time studying 明确限定'花最多时间'，把主攻方向与顺带话题区分开，是定位'main research'的关键标志。

• where our universe came from↔The origin of the universe.同义改写：宇宙从何而来=起源

• A)与原文相反The future of the physical world. 与正解方向相反，录音问的是 where our universe came from（来处/起源），不是 future（去向/未来）。
• C)原词陷阱Sources of radiation. 里 radiation 后文确被念到 a super-hot soup of radiation，但那只是描述大爆炸瞬间的状态，并非她的'主要研究领域'，是听到熟词就想选的陷阱。

  借用原文：The whole universe was a super-hot soup of radiation

• D)原词陷阱Particle theory. 与录音 filled with these particles 形近，但'particle theory'是另一个理论名，录音并未说这是她的主研究方向，属原词诱导。

  借用原文：filled with these particles

What is the woman interested in?

interested in 后的宾语。信号是兴趣标志短语 I'm very interested in why the universe exists at all——'interested in' 与题干 interested in 同形，其后从句即兴趣对象，直接锁定。

• why the universe exists at all↔Why there is a universe at all.近乎逐词对应

• A)原词陷阱How matter collides with anti-matter. 借了后文 when they collide, they destroy each other 的 collide，但'相撞过程'是主持人解释的科普背景，不是她自陈的兴趣点。

  借用原文：when they collide, they destroy each other

• B)原词陷阱Whether the universe will turn barren. 中 barren 来自后文 leaving the universe completely barren，但那是推演反物质对撞的后果，并非她'感兴趣'的问题，是熟词错位。

  借用原文：leaving the universe completely barren

• C)偷换概念Why there exists anti-matter. 与正解只差宾语（anti-matter vs universe），录音她说的是 the universe exists，把'宇宙'偷换成'反物质'，正中孪生陷阱。

  借用原文：why the universe exists at all

What seems to be the finding of the recent study?

study + point to the fact。信号是 a recent study seems to point to the fact that——'recent study'与题干 recent study 对应、'point to the fact'引出研究结论，结论句随即给出'物质稍多'这一发现。

• there were slightly more particles of matter, which allowed the universe we all live in to form↔The universe formed due to a sufficient amount of matter.因果同义：物质够多→宇宙形成

• A)原词陷阱Matter and anti-matter are opposites of each other. 直接抄自 matter and anti-matter are basically opposites of each other，但那是第 5 段对二者关系的解释，不是'最新研究的发现'，原词原句却答非所问。

  借用原文：matter and anti-matter are basically opposites of each other

• B)与原文相反Anti-matter allowed humans to come into existence. 把'使人类出现'归功于 anti-matter，但录音说是 matter 稍多才 left just enough matter to create stars, planets, and eventually us，功劳应归 matter，归因主体被反转。

  借用原文：left just enough matter to create stars, planets, and eventually us

• D)原词陷阱Anti-matter exists in very high-temperature environments. 用 high-temperature 勾连录音 the universe was extremely hot，但录音只说大爆炸初期宇宙极热，从未说'反物质存在于高温环境'是研究发现，属熟词拼凑的无据陈述。

  借用原文：the universe was extremely hot and very small

What happened to Michelle Myers one day?

题干同款词 woke up one day 直接对位。原文 woke up one day speaking with a British accent 与题干的 one day 用词高度对应，这就是承载答案的那一句；后半 even though she's lived in the United States all her life 用让步强调"明明是美国人却带英国腔"，进一步坐实这是关键异常。

• speaking with a British accent↔speaking with a different accent具体口音→上位概括
• woke up one day↔woke up时间状语原样保留

• A)偷换概念A 说她 speaking a foreign language，但原文是 speaking with a British accent——只是口音变了，英语还是英语，并没有改说外语；这是把"口音"偷换成"语言"。

  借用原文：speaking with a British accent

• C)未提及C 说她 found some symptoms of her illness gone"发现症状消失了"，但原文只讲她醒来多了英国口音，从没说任何症状消失；属凭空添加。
• D)过度推断D 说她 finding herself in another country，借的是原文 a British accent 里的"英国"联想；但原文明说她 lived in the United States all her life，人没去任何国家，只是口音像英国人。

  借用原文：a British accent

What does the passage say about Foreign Accent Syndrome?

因果信号 caused by 标出病因句。原文 most often caused by a stroke or traumatic brain injury 用 caused by 这一明确的因果信号，直接交代病因，正是承载答案的那句；most often 又点出"最常见"，与选项的"usually"对应。

• most often caused by a stroke or traumatic brain injury↔usually caused by a stroke or brain injurymost often=usually，删修饰词

• B)未提及B 说 has not yet found any effective treatment"尚无有效疗法"，原文通篇讲成因、表现、罕见度，从没谈治疗有没有效；属凭空添加。
• C)原词陷阱C 说留下 a distorted memory"扭曲的记忆"，借的是原文 distort their pronunciation 的 distort；但原文 distort 修饰的是"发音 pronunciation"，不是"记忆 memory"，被偷换了对象。

  借用原文：distort their pronunciation

• D)答非所问D 说它 happens to people with speech defects"常发生在有言语缺陷的人身上"，把言语问题当成"易发人群"的前提；但原文说的是患病后 may distort their pronunciation——言语异常是病的"结果"，原文也没说有言语缺陷的人更易患病。

  借用原文：may distort their pronunciation

What accent did another American woman speak with after a head injury?

转折 However 引出"另一个人"的新例。原文 However, a different American woman 用 However 把话题从主角迈尔斯转到"另一名美国女性"，正对应题干的 another American woman；其后 after she fell down the stairs and hit her head 对应题干的 after a head injury，限定语全部吻合，这就是答案句。

• spoke with a Russian accent↔Russian.口音名原词直取
• after she fell down the stairs and hit her head↔Russian.限定语对齐保证抓对人

• A)张冠李戴A British 是主角迈尔斯醒来后带的口音 a British accent，但题干问的是"另一名女性"，把主角的口音安到了别人头上，抓错了人。

  借用原文：a British accent

• B)张冠李戴B Irish 来自原文说迈尔斯 Previously, Myers had woken up speaking in Irish and Australian accents——那是主角先前的口音，依旧不是题干问的"另一名女性"，张冠李戴。

  借用原文：speaking in Irish and Australian accents

• D)张冠李戴D Australian 同样出自迈尔斯先前的口音 Irish and Australian accents，是主角的旧情况，并非"另一名头部受伤女性"的口音。

  借用原文：Irish and Australian accents

What has become so popular recently?

popular 信号词直接点名。这句出现了和题干完全对上的信号词组 have recently become so popular，而被它修饰的主语正是 books about swimming，信号词正前方的那个名词就是答案对象。

• books about swimming↔Books about swimming.几乎原样对应

• A)未提及录音通篇没有把 water sports（水上运动）当成最近流行的对象来说，A 是把游泳这个话题擅自拔高成水上运动，属于原文没说的概括。
• B)原词陷阱录音里 race in rivers 确实念到了，但那是在描述书中内容（书里写人们在河中竞速），并不是说在河中竞速这件事最近流行。B 盗用了 race in rivers 这个原词来诱你听到就选。

  借用原文：race in rivers

• C)答非所问录音第二段才提到女性 wild swimming 及女性先驱，但 C Stories about women swimmers. 不是第 12 题问的最近流行的东西；它把后文话题挪到了本题，属答非所问。

  借用原文：swimming" seems to be especially popular among women

What did Jenny Landreth do recently?

人名后紧跟的动作句。信号是专有人名 Jenny Landreth recently published 出现后紧跟的那个动词 published，加上时间词 recently 与题干呼应，这句就是承载答案的动作句。

• published a guide to the best swimming spots in London↔published a guide to London's best swimming spots语序调整的同义改写

• A)张冠李戴横渡英吉利海峡的是第四段的 Gertrude Ederle，不是 Jenny Landreth。A 盗用了录音里 cross the English Channel 这件事，安到了 Jenny 头上。

  借用原文：The first woman to cross the English Channel was Gertrude Ederle

• C)未提及录音从未说 Jenny 向年轻泳者讲述自己的冒险故事，C She told her story of adventures to some young swimmers. 是凭空捏造的动作。
• D)偷换概念录音里 swimwear 出现在第三、四段讲历史的语境，并非说 Jenny 写了一本英国泳衣史。D 盗用了 swimwear、history 这类原词，把她出的指南偷换成泳衣史的书。

  借用原文：a history of female pioneers

What do we learn about women in the Victorian era?

细节罗列即具象描述。信号是录音对这位女性着装的一长串具体罗列 swimming in a heavy dress, boots, hat, gloves，这种把穿着一件件数出来的细节描述，正是在刻画当时女性是穿戴整齐地下水的，承载着答案。

• swimming in a heavy dress, boots, hat, gloves↔They were fully dressed when swimming.具体罗列概括为整体

• A)原词陷阱录音提到 seashore（rolled down to the seashore）只是说沐浴机被推到海边，从未说她们热爱去海边度假。A 盗用了 seashore 相关语境，编出一个原文没有的喜好。

  借用原文：rolled down to the seashore

• B)偷换概念录音确有 Notions of modesty restricted women，说端庄观念限制了女性，但并没有说她们有一种独特的端庄观念。B 盗用 modesty 一词，把限制她们的观念偷换成她们自己独有的观念，意思被拔高了。

  借用原文：Notions of modesty restricted women in the Victorian era

• C)与原文相反录音明确说 but they still swam，即虽受限制但她们仍然游泳；C They were prohibited from swimming. 说她们被禁止游泳，正好相反。

  借用原文：but they still swam

What does the passage say about Gertrude Ederle?

the first 唯一性表述。信号是 The first woman to cross the English Channel 里的 the first，这种表示第一 / 唯一的最高级式表述是听力的高频考点，它正前方的成就就是这位人物的标志事迹。

• The first woman to cross the English Channel was Gertrude Ederle↔She was the first woman to swim across the English Channel.cross 与 swim across 同义

• A)张冠李戴设计合适泳衣是录音泛指女性群体做过的事（created appropriate swimwear），并非专说 Gertrude Ederle。A 盗用 appropriate swimwear 原词，把群体行为安到她一人头上。

  借用原文：created appropriate swimwear

• B)原词陷阱录音说女性群体后来 even competed against men，但没说 Gertrude Ederle 战胜过男选手。B 盗用 competed against men 原词，又加了 successfully 制造她赢了男人的假象。

  借用原文：even competed against men

• D)偷换概念录音说女性 won the right to swim in public pools，是讲群体争得权利，并非说 Gertrude Ederle 是公共泳池游泳权的倡导者。D 盗用 right to swim in public pools 原词，张冠李戴又拔高成倡导者。

  借用原文：Women won the right to swim in public pools

What have researchers and law enforcement agencies tried to do?

题干主语原样出现。这一句把题干里的主语 researchers and law enforcement agencies 与动词 have tried to build a machine 原样念出，主语与"tried to"同时落地，是答案句最硬的定位信号；其中 do the same thing 回指上文"识破谎言"，说明这台机器就是用来测谎的。

• build a machine that will do the same thing↔Build a machine that can detect lies.代词回指还原成本义

• B)原词陷阱选项 Develop a magnetic brain scanner. 借用了录音第二段 magnetic brain scans 这个原词，听到"磁性脑扫描"就想选；但开发脑扫描仪的是马萨诸塞那家"公司"，不是题干问的"研究人员和执法机构"，主体张冠李戴。

  借用原文：by using magnetic brain scans

• C)原词陷阱选项 Test the credibility of court evidence. 把录音里 credible proof 的 credible 和后文 the courts 这两个原词拼到一起，制造"听过"的熟悉感；但录音从未说研究人员去"检验法庭证据的可信度"，是用原词凑出的无中生有。

  借用原文：has not provided credible proof

• D)选项 Win people's complete trust in them. 蹭了"trust"这一全段反复出现的主题词，但研究人员和执法机构的尝试是"造测谎机器"，不是"赢得人们的完全信任"，把动作偷换成了一个录音没提的目的。

  借用原文：machines to spot deception

How do many brain scientists respond to the Massachusetts company's so-called technological breakthrough?

否定+转折but点出真态度。前半 not find many brain scientists celebrating 用否定先排除"庆祝"，紧接 The company might be very optimistic, but… 的转折 but 把乐观归给公司、把"没有可信证据"留给科学家——转折之后才是科学家的真实态度：怀疑其可靠性。

• has not provided credible proof↔They are sceptical of its reliability.否定式陈述=怀疑态度
• not find many brain scientists celebrating this breakthrough↔They are sceptical of its reliability.不庆祝=不看好

• A)张冠李戴选项 They are optimistic about its potential. 直接搬用录音原词 optimistic，听到就想选；但原文是 The company might be very optimistic——乐观的是"公司"，不是题干问的"脑科学家"，态度被安错了主体。

  借用原文：The company might be very optimistic

• C)选项 They think it is but business promotion. 把科学家的态度拔高成"不过是商业炒作"；录音只说"未提供可信证据、需更多研究"，是"存疑"而非断定其为商业骗局，程度被推过头。

  借用原文：Much more research is badly needed.

• D)原词陷阱选项 They celebrate it with great enthusiasm. 蹭了原词 celebrating，但录音是 not find many…celebrating——加了否定，意思正好相反，听到 celebrate 就选会掉进"漏听否定"的反向陷阱。

  借用原文：You'll not find many brain scientists celebrating this breakthrough.

What does the speaker think of using a high-tech test to determine whether a person is telling the truth?

结尾收束的总评句。全文最后一段是说话人的收束总评，习语 too good to be true 加上 it usually is（言下之意"它通常就是假的、不可信"）直接给出说话人对这项技术的最终判断——不可信，是典型"结尾下结论"的答案信号。

• when something sounds too good to be true, it usually is↔It is not to be trusted at all.习语弦外之意=完全不可信
• Problems surround the use of machines to spot deception↔It is not to be trusted at all.问题缠身=不可信

• B)未提及选项 It does not sound economical. 谈"不划算/不经济"，录音通篇讨论的是可靠性、隐私与司法，从未提及成本或经济性，属无中生有。
• C)选项 It may intrude into people's privacy. 听上去很像测谎技术的常见担忧，但录音批的是"可靠性未经检验、问题缠身"，并未谈"侵犯隐私"，是用常识脑补出的岔题。
• D)原词陷阱选项 It may lead to overuse in court trials. 蹭了录音里 the courts 这一原词，但说话人担心的是"法官别被机器骗"，并非"会在法庭被过度使用"，用原词拼出了录音没下的结论。

  借用原文：Let's hope they're wise enough not to be fooled by a machine

What does the speaker say about the island of Makelua?

转折词 Yet 后才是落点。前一句说“站在一个村边就能看到下一个村”，Yet 一转，强调“即便挨得这么近，每村语言却完全不同”——转折之后的这句才是说话人真正要讲的事实，正是答案句。

• the residents of each village speak a completely different language↔Each village there speaks a totally different languagecompletely=totally 的同义替换

• A)原词陷阱Most of its residents speak several languages. 借用了原文反复出现的 residents 和 languages，但原文说的是“各村各说一种不同语言”，不是“一个人会说好几种语言”，听到原词就选会中招。

  借用原文：the residents of each village speak a completely different language

• B)未提及Some of its indigenous languages are dying out. 里 indigenous languages 确在原文出现（40 different indigenous languages），但全段只说岛上语言“多”，根本没提任何语言“正在消亡”，属凭空添加。

  借用原文：40 different indigenous languages

• D)过度推断Its languages have interested researchers the world over. 用了 researchers（原文确有 my colleagues at the Max Planck Institute），但原文只是引用同事的研究数据，并未说“全世界研究者都对这岛的语言感兴趣”，是过度推断。

  借用原文：my colleagues at the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History

What do we learn from the talk about languages in the world?

否定句后接 For example 的举例。not spread randomly 先给出否定性结论——分布并非随机，紧接着 For example 用“热带远多于温带”来佐证；结论句加举例句正是答案落点。

• far more languages are found in tropical regions than in the mild zones↔More are found in tropical regions than in the mild zones近乎原句保留的比较结构

• A)与原文相反They are spread randomly across the world. 几乎照搬原文的 spread randomly，但原文是 not spread randomly——带否定。漏听 not 就会选成与原文相反的 A。

  借用原文：these languages are not spread randomly across the planet

• B)未提及Some are more difficult to learn than others. 讲“有的语言更难学”，原文通篇讲的是数量与分布，从未涉及语言的学习难易，属凭空添加。
• D)答非所问They enrich and impact each other in more ways than one. 借了 languages 这个高频主语，但原文谈的是“语言分布不均”，没说语言之间“相互丰富、相互影响”，是另起话题的过度推断。

  借用原文：these languages are not spread randomly across the planet

What has the diverse team of researchers found about the previous studies on language diversity?

否定结论句 no clear patterns。no clear patterns emerged 是对以往研究的总结性否定——结果各异、没有规律，再加上前文 we have few clear answers，共同点明“成因至今没有定论”，是答案落点。

• no clear patterns emerged↔There is no conclusive account for the cause of language diversityno clear patterns 概括为 no conclusive account
• correlation does not equal causation↔the cause of language diversity由“相关不等于因果”落到“成因未明”

• A)原词陷阱They used different methods to collect and analyze data. 借了原文 methodological 的词根，但原文说的是这些研究遇到“方法学难题”（methodological challenges），不是“用了不同方法收集分析数据”，听到 method 类词就选会中招。

  借用原文：methodological challenges

• B)与原文相反They identified distinct patterns of language distribution. 说“找到了清晰的分布规律”，恰与原文 no clear patterns emerged“没有清晰规律”相反，盗用 patterns 一词却反了结论。

  借用原文：no clear patterns emerged

• C)过度推断Their conclusions do not correspond to their original hypotheses. 里 hypotheses 确在原文出现（They hypothesize），但那是说“普通人会去假设成因”，原文并未说“研究结论与原假设不符”，是借原词的过度推断。

  借用原文：They hypothesize that language diversity must be about history

What do the surveys show about America according to the speaker?

show that 引出结论。Today's demographics show that the middle-class is disappearing 中的 demographics show that 与题干 surveys show 对应，是直接亮出调查结论的信号句，show that 后面跟的就是答案。

• the middle-class is disappearing↔Its middle-class is disappearing.几乎原句对应

• B)与原文相反选项说 Its wealth is rationally distributed.（财富合理分配），但录音说 the richest 1% of the population has amassed more wealth than the bottom 90%，是财富高度集中、极不合理，方向正相反。

  借用原文：the richest 1% of the population has amassed more wealth than the bottom 90%

• C)原词陷阱选项 Its population is rapidly growing. 谈人口快速增长，录音虽出现 population 一词，但只说财富在 1% 与底层 90% 间的分布，从未说人口在快速增长，是借 population 制造的原词陷阱。

  借用原文：the richest 1% of the population

• D)与原文相反选项说 Its cherished dream is coming true.（美国梦正在实现），但录音开篇就问 is the dream as we once knew it dying?（这梦是否正在死去），全篇基调是梦在褪色，与梦想成真正相反。

  借用原文：is the dream as we once knew it dying?

What did Americans use to believe?

Once upon a time 标过去。Once upon a time, Americans thought that 中 Once upon a time + thought 是典型的过去信念信号，与题干 used to believe 对应，其后从句即答案。

• if they worked hard enough↔through hard work句式换说法
• they would be rewarded with success↔realize their dreams成功=实现梦想

• A)偷换概念选项 Success was but a dream without conscientious effort. 用 but a dream（不过是空想）、without effort 把句子绕成成功没努力就只是空想，盗用了 success、dream、effort 等原词，但录音讲的是努力会得到回报的正面信念，A 的绕法改了原意。

  借用原文：if they worked hard enough

• C)张冠李戴选项 A few dollars could go a long way.（一点钱也能顶大用）盗用了录音后文 a little compassion goes a long way 的 go a long way 句式，但原文说的是一点同情心顶用、且属第二段讲现状，与本题问的过去信念不是一回事。

  借用原文：a little compassion goes a long way

• D)原词陷阱选项 Wealth was shared by all citizens. 说财富人人共享，录音 wealth 出现过，但只讲财富被极少数人占有，从未说过去人人共享，是 all 绝对化加原词 wealth 拼出的陷阱。

  借用原文：the richest 1% of the population has amassed more wealth than the bottom 90%

What do low-income people aspire to?

aspire to 原词直答。they'll say a "full-time job." That's all they aspire to 中 aspire to 与题干完全同词，前面紧跟的 full-time job 就是他们渴望的东西，是直接应答信号。

• full-time job↔Full employment.全职=充分就业

• A)未提及选项 Better working conditions.（更好的工作条件）听来合理，但录音里低收入者明确只说想要 full-time job，从未提到改善工作条件，属凭常识脑补的未提及项。
• B)张冠李戴选项 Better-paying jobs.（高薪工作）盗用了第三段 well-paying blue-collar jobs 的字眼，但那是讲技术与全球化减少了高薪蓝领岗，属客观背景，不是低收入者本题所表达的渴望对象。

  借用原文：well-paying blue-collar jobs

• C)未提及选项 High social status.（高社会地位）录音通篇未涉及社会地位这一维度，是话题外的无中生有。

What do businesses do to increase their revenues?

in order to boost profits。in order to boost profits, hire employees as part-time workers only 中 in order to boost profits 是与题干 increase revenues 对应的目的信号，其后的动作 hire…part-time workers only 即答案。

• hire employees as part-time workers only↔Hire part-time employees only.近乎原句

• A)未提及选项 Reduce the administrative costs.（降低管理成本）是企业增利的常见手段，但录音从未提到削减管理成本，属常识脑补的未提及项。
• B)偷换概念选项 Adopt effective business models. 用了 business models，呼应录音 profit-driven business models，但录音是把这种逐利模式当作问题成因来批评，并非说企业靠采用有效模式增利，B 把批评对象偷换成正面手段。

  借用原文：profit-driven business models

• D)原词陷阱选项 Make use of the latest technology. 盗用第三段 technological advancement 的 technology，但那句讲的是技术进步减少了高薪蓝领岗这一背景，并非企业为增利主动采用技术的做法，与本题问的手段不符。

  借用原文：technological advancement and a global economy have reduced the demand for well-paying blue-collar jobs