2010年 考研英语二阅读理解（四选一） 第 2 篇 · 21–25 题答案与解析

题干 was referred to as "a last victory" because 指向一个具体语句的原因，答案必在该句附近的事实陈述里。

主句 Damien Hirst's sale was referred to as "a last victory" 是被动语态，因果连词 because 引出原因状语从句的待补全位置。无陷阱：题干就是问"为何叫 last victory"。

• A)对词义做错向解读

  the art market had witnessed a succession of victories 偷换了 last 的语义——原文 last 指'最后一次'，A 把它扯成'一连串胜利'，与 victory 的修饰语 last 直接相反。

• B)与原文相反

  the auctioneer finally got the two pieces at the highest bids 与 All but two pieces sold 直接矛盾——原文是两件没卖出，B 却说拍卖师以最高价拿下这两件，且原文未提任何'最高价'。

• C)无中生有

  Beautiful Inside My Head Forever won over all masterpieces 在文中毫无依据，原文只说创下 a record for a sale by a single artist，并未提与其他 masterpieces 的比较。

• D)✓ 正确
  • As the auctioneer called out bids, in New York one of the oldest banks on Wall Street, Lehman Brothers, filed for bankruptcy.↔it was successfully made just before the world financial crisis

  预判命中'拍卖紧贴危机爆发'，四个选项里只有 it was successfully made just before the world financial crisis 把'时间贴近危机'写出来，直接锁定 D。

By saying "spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable" ... the author suggests 是典型的句意转述提问。

主干 the author suggests that 接同位语 that 从句作补全位；句首 By saying ... 是方式状语，把原文整句作为受访对象。结构常规，关注点在 suggests 的语义边界——只能贴着原句说，不能脑补。

• A)✓ 正确
  • collectors stayed away from galleries and salerooms↔collectors were no longer actively involved in art-market auctions

  预判的'藏家不再下场买'与 collectors were no longer actively involved in art-market auctions 字面贴合，且 A 准确锁定 collectors 这一主语，避免把 'any sort of spending' 推广到所有人。

• B)以偏概全（范围偷换）

  people stopped every kind of spending and stayed away from galleries 把 spending of any sort 字面照搬，无视紧接的 In the art world that meant ... 已经把语境限缩到艺术圈，属于把范围读过头。

• C)偷换概念

  art collection as a fashion had lost its appeal to a great extent 把 unfashionable 反向理解为'艺术收藏作为一种时尚失去了吸引力'，主语从'消费'偷换为'艺术收藏'，且'失去吸引力'是审美评价，不是原文的市场行为陈述。

• D)强加因果（过度推断）

  works of art in general had gone out of fashion so they were not worth buying 把原文'消费过时'歪成'艺术品过时所以不值得买'，原文未对艺术品本身做价值判断，且 so 强加因果。

Which of the following statements is NOT true 是细节题中典型的反向核对题，三项可在文中找到出处、一项与文不符。

结构最简：主语 Which of the following statements + 系动词 + 表语 NOT true。关键在 NOT 大写——粗心考生最容易把题做反，把'符合原文'的项错选成答案。

• A)NOT 题中'符合原文'即排除

  Sales of contemporary art fell dramatically from 2007 to 2008. 与 Sales of contemporary art fell by two-thirds, and in the most overheated sector, they were down by nearly 90% in the year to November 2008. 直接对应，fell dramatically 是 fell by two-thirds / 90% 的概括性等值。'NOT 题'里它是 true 项，不选。

• B)✓ 正确
  • the market generates interest far beyond its size↔The art market surpassed many other industries in momentum.

  B 借用了'no other industries can match'的句式外壳，但把 interest 换成 momentum——后者是增长动能、与 P2 'may have come down to $50 billion' 描绘的下滑明显冲突，故 B 不符原文，被 NOT 题选中。

• C)全文多处支撑的概括项=真实陈述

  The art market generally went downward in various ways. 概括了 may have come down to $50 billion、P3 销量暴跌、prices are about 40% down on their peak on average 等多处下行表述，属真实陈述。

• D)近义改写句=真实陈述

  Some art dealers were awaiting better chances to come. 对应 But anyone who does not have to sell is keeping away, waiting for confidence to return.——'等待信心回归'即等更好的机会，true 项。

The three Ds mentioned in the last paragraph are 让选项做谓语，问的是这个名词所指代的事物，是典型细节题。

陈述句待补全，主语 The three Ds mentioned in the last paragraph 内含过去分词短语作后置定语；系动词 are 后留白由选项填补。结构平铺直叙，无陷阱。

• A)无中生有

  auction houses' favorites 在原文毫无依据——文中只说三个 D 让藏品流入市场，没有任何关于拍卖行偏好/最爱的表述。

• B)偷换概念

  contemporary trends 把'死亡/债务/离婚'三件人生事件说成'当代潮流'，语义性质完全错位——原文谈的是导致藏品流转的客观事件，不是文化趋势。

• C)✓ 正确
  • deliver works of art to the market↔factors promoting artwork circulation

  四个选项里只有 factors promoting artwork circulation 同时把'起作用的因素'与'让艺术品流入市场'两层意思都覆盖，与定位句完全对应。

• D)张冠李戴

  styles representing Impressionists 把'三个 D'与 Impressionists 强行绑定——印象派是另一段提到的对比对象，与第 5 段的三个 D 根本不在同一所指上，属张冠李戴。

The most appropriate title for this text could be 直接索取标题，必须覆盖全文而非某段。

陈述句待补全，主语 The most appropriate title for this text、情态动词 could be 后由选项填入名词短语。无语法陷阱，重点在选项的范围是否覆盖全文。

• A)以偏概全

  Fluctuation of Art Prices 把全文主线偷换成'价格波动'——原文 though some have been far more fluctuant 只是一个让步性细节，主线是单向下行；且 A 把对象缩到 prices，忽略了 P3 的成交量、P5 的买家行为等多维度信息。

• B)以偏概全

  Up-to-date Art Auctions 把全文窄化为'近期拍卖资讯'，但全文是分析市场趋势，不是资讯报道；且 P1 的 Hirst 拍卖只是文章的引子，并非全文核心。

• C)✓ 正确
  • The current downturn in the art market is the worst since the Japanese stopped buying Impressionists at the end of 1989.↔Art Market in Decline

  C 用 in Decline 概括了 P2/P3/P4/P5 的所有下行表述，是唯一能装下全部段落功能的标题。

• D)无中生有

  Shifted Interest in Arts 暗含'人们的艺术兴趣从一种转向另一种'，原文从未谈艺术品类间的偏好转移，只说市场整体下行、观望者增多。