2025年 考研英语二阅读理解（四选一） 第 2 篇 · 26–30 题答案与解析

题干 According to the first two paragraphs, the NHS ________ 要求依据指定段落补全对 NHS 现状的客观描述，没有 infer/imply/mainly about，是典型段内细节归纳。

According to the first two paragraphs, the NHS ________. 是 "介词短语 + 主语 + 待补谓语" 的不完整陈述结构，According to 引导信息来源状语，主句缺谓语，选项要接成对 NHS 的判断；无否定、无比较，结构平铺，无陷阱。

• A)无中生有

  is troubled by funding deficiencies 用 funding deficiencies (资金短缺) 替换"难以满足需求"，前两段未把矛头指向资金不足，只说成本挤压其他公共服务投入。

• B)✓ 正确
  • healthcare is becoming increasingly inaccessible↔can hardly satisfy people's needs
  • model is out of date↔can hardly satisfy people's needs

  预判"需求难被满足"与 can hardly satisfy people's needs 完全同义，直接锁 B。

• C)偷换概念

  can barely retain its current employees 把 pressures on the workforce 偷换成"留不住员工"，原文只说人员压力大，并未谈"留不住/流失"。

• D)过度推断

  is rivalled by private medical services 暗示 NHS 受私营医疗的竞争挑战，原文 pay for private treatment 只是说没钱付私营治疗的人就医难，而非"NHS 被私营对手击败"。

题干 One answer to the crisis in health and care is to ________ 是"其中一个对策是…"，要求从原文罗列的建议中挑出一条同义改写，属事实细节。

One answer to the crisis in health and care is to ________. 是 "主语 + 系动词 + 不定式表语" 结构，待补内容是不定式，因此选项均以动词原形开头，是"做什么"而非"是什么"，结构清楚无陷阱。

• A)与原文相反

  boost the efficiency of hospitals 主张提升医院效率，而原文主张"减少对医院的依赖"，方向相反。

• B)与原文相反

  lighten the burden on social care 说"减轻社会照护负担"，原文说"capacity in social care needs to be greater"，即扩容、而非减轻其负担，方向被偷反。

• C)✓ 正确
  • Much more needs to be invested in communities and primary care↔increase resources for primary care

  预判"加大初级医疗投入"与 increase resources for primary care 同向同对象，且 "resources" 是 "investment" 的上位概括，直接锁 C。

• D)偷换概念

  reduce the pressure on communities 把"在社区加大投入"偷换成"给社区减压"，原文是"投资社区"以减少对医院的依赖，不是给社区减压。

题干 Reimagining health is aimed to ________ 问该项目的目的，是对原文显性表述的指认，不需推断。

"Reimagining health" is aimed to ________. 主语是项目名，谓语 is aimed to 后接动词原形作目的，选项均以 "re-" 开头的动词，看似工整实则要靠原文区分，不被字形误导是关键。

• A)与原文相反

  reinforce hospital management 主张"强化医院管理"，原文要质疑、要 rethink 的恰恰是"以医院为中心"的模式，方向相反。

• B)无中生有

  readjust healthcare regulations 把项目目的窄化为"调整医疗法规"，原文从未谈及法规调整，是无中生有。

• C)✓ 正确
  • an "urgent rethink" of the hospital-centric model we retain↔restructure the health system

  预判"重构以医院为中心的体系"与 restructure the health system 完全同义，锁 C。

• D)过度推断

  resume suspended health reforms 说"重启已搁置的改革"，原文虽提 two decades of strategies and a number of major health reforms，但只是说"未取得实质进展"，并未说改革已被搁置、要 resume。

题干 To maximise the nation's health, the author suggests ________ 问作者明确给出的对策，是显性主张的指认，不属于隐含推理。

To maximise the nation's health, the author suggests ________. To 不定式作目的状语前置，主句 the author suggests 后接动名词宾语，选项都以 -ing 形式开头。注意 suggests 在此是"建议"而非"暗示"。

• A)偷换概念

  introducing relevant taxation policies 把原文 taxpayers are left with the heavy price tag 中"纳税人"这个词放大为"出台税收政策"，原文是讲政策被废除导致纳税人买单，并未建议引入税收政策。

• B)✓ 正确
  • Much more important are the places we live, work and socialise↔paying due attention to social factors
  • these social determinants of health↔paying due attention to social factors

  预判"重视社会决定因素"与 paying due attention to social factors 完全同义，锁 B。

• C)以偏概全

  reevaluating major health outcomes 抓住原文 about 20% of health outcomes 一处的 outcomes，把"评估健康结果"立为主张，但 20% 数据只是辅证作者论点，作者并未呼吁"reevaluate outcomes"。

• D)与原文相反

  enhancing the quality of healthcare 主张"提升医疗服务质量"，正是作者在本段开头明确反对的"fix the NHS"路径，方向相反。

题干 It can be inferred that local leaders should ________ 含 inferred，属推断题。

It can be inferred that local leaders should ________. 形式主语 It + can be inferred + that 从句，that 从句中 local leaders 是真主语、should 是情态动词、待补谓语。结构常见无陷阱，关键是不被 inferred 吓住、仍以原文为根。

• A)过度推断

  exercise their power more reasonably 暗指地方负责人当前行权不合理、需改正，原文没有任何负面评价，反而给地方两条积极描述，方向被反推。

• B)无中生有

  develop a stronger sense of responsibility 主张地方应增强责任感，原文是"应不应该把更多职能给他们"，与"责任感强弱"是两件事。

• C)✓ 正确
  • what should be given to local leaders↔play a bigger role in the health system
  • often responsible for services that create health, and with a much better understanding of the needs of their populations↔play a bigger role in the health system

  预判"地方角色应扩大"与 play a bigger role in the health system 同义，符合推断题"一步延伸"约束，锁 C。

• D)答非所问

  understand people's health needs better 直接复述原文 much better understanding of the needs of their populations，是原文已陈述的事实而非"应该做"的推断；题干问 should，D 项答 is/are，错位。