省略把与上文重复的成分直接删去，替代用 so / do so / that / the same 等指代前文内容，两者都是英语的"经济原则"。读者需要自行补全，才能还原完整语义。
英语四级真题里的省略替代共 1367 处实例、覆盖 1329 个真题句子，本页精选 50 句例句（出自 25 套真题卷，句长 9–62 词）。 每句高亮省略替代在原句中的位置，标注它在句中的用法形态，附中文翻译、逐句解析与出处试卷； 点句卡末尾的「本句详情」可看结构树逐层拆解、成分与时态标注、考点讲解与真题高频词。
识别要点 句子看似缺少成分时，向前文找同形结构补全；见到 do so / so do I / that of 时，先明确它们各自替代的先行内容。
本页精选的 50 句真题例句已由懒笔记排版为 A4 打印版 PDF，可免费下载，PDF 内的真题出处链接均可点击。
每句以高亮标出省略替代在原句中的位置，附中文翻译、逐句解析与出处试卷，出处可跳转到整卷排版页对照上下文。
The findings may also shed light on the barriers people face when changing eating habits—barriers that may play a role in people dropping out of treatments, she said.
她说，研究结果还可能揭示人们在改变饮食习惯时所面临的障碍——这些障碍可能会导致人们退出治疗。
"when changing eating habits" 是 when 引导的时间状语从句的省略形式。由于从句主语与主句相关成分 people 一致，且从句含有 be 动词结构，可省略主语和 be，完整形式可理解为 "when people are changing eating habits"。省略后只保留现在分词短语 "changing eating habits"。
Great Barrier Island has no public facilities and the 950 people living there (though only about half permanently) rely on solar and wind energy, and bottled gas for cooking.
大屏障岛没有公共设施，岛上居住的950人（不过其中只有约一半常住）依靠太阳能和风能供电，并使用瓶装燃气做饭。
"though" 引导让步从句，但从句中省略了与上下文相同的主语和谓语，完整形式可还原为 "though only about half of the 950 people live there permanently"。省略后只保留 "only about half permanently"，因此属于从句中的主谓省略。
The researchers added that there was not a single childcare task that men liked more than women.
研究人员还补充说，没有任何一项育儿任务是男性比女性更喜欢的。
"more than women" 是比较结构，than 后的分句省略了与前文重复的谓语和宾语。完整形式可还原为 "more than women liked that childcare task"，实际比较的是 men 和 women 对同一 childcare task 的喜欢程度，而不是把 women 当作被喜欢的对象。
Dreams of very small kids are usually just snapshots(快照), looking much more like a slideshow than a movie, when compared to the dreams of adults.
非常年幼的孩子的梦通常只是快照，与成年人的梦相比，看起来更像幻灯片而不是电影。
"when compared to the dreams of adults" 是典型的状语从句省略结构。完整形式应为 "when they are compared to the dreams of adults"，其中省略了从句主语 "they"（指代 "Dreams of very small kids"）和 be 动词 "are"。这种省略发生在时间状语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语一致且含有 be 动词时，可以省略从句的主语和 be 动词，只保留分词及其后续成分。
One of the most famous examples of this is the story of 92-year-old Henry Dryer, who comes out of dementia(痴呆) while listening to songs from his youth.
其中最著名的例子之一是92岁的Henry Dryer的故事，他在听年轻时的歌曲时从痴呆状态中清醒过来。
"while listening to songs from his youth" 是省略结构。完整形式应为 "while he was listening to songs from his youth"，这里省略了从句主语 "he" 和系动词 "was"。这种省略发生在时间状语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语一致且从句谓语含 be 动词时，可省略从句的主语和 be 动词，保留分词形式。这是状语从句中主谓省略的标准形式。
You see, she was planning to quit the job she hates and retire early.
你看，她正计划辞去她讨厌的工作并且提前退休。
"the job she hates" 中省略了关系代词 that 或 which，完整形式应为 "the job (that/which) she hates"。在定语从句中，当关系代词作宾语时可以省略，这是典型的从句引导词省略现象。
Playing the piano is among the things the world's oldest person believes has contributed to her long life.
弹钢琴是世界上最长寿的人认为有助于她长寿的事情之一。
"the things (that) the world's oldest person believes (that) has contributed..." 中省略了两个关系代词 "that"。第一个 "that" 是定语从句 "the world's oldest person believes" 的引导词，修饰 "things"；第二个 "that" 是宾语从句的引导词，作为 "believes" 的宾语。两个关系代词在口语和书面语中常被省略，造成句子结构的隐蔽性，需要还原才能完整理解句子层次。
If caught, the snake would be examined to determine where it came from, how long it had been in the area, what it had been eating, whether it was carrying any diseases of concern and whether it had produced babies.
如果被捕获，这条蛇将被检查，以确定它来自哪里，它在该地区待了多久，它一直在吃什么，它是否携带任何令人担忧的疾病，以及它是否产下了幼蛇。
"If caught" 是典型的状语从句省略结构。完整形式应为 "If the snake was caught"，这里省略了与主句相同的主语 "the snake" 和be动词 "was"。当状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，且从句谓语含be动词时，可以省略从句的主语和be动词，只保留分词或形容词等成分。这种省略使句子更简洁，但需要读者还原完整结构才能准确理解。
This cycle is the reason why people rest at night and are active during the day.
这个循环是人们在夜间休息且在白天活动的原因。
在并列句的第二个分句中，主语"people"被省略了。完整形式应为"people are active during the day"。这是典型的并列句中避免重复而省略相同主语的现象，还原后句子结构更清晰："people rest at night and people are active during the day"。
I'm always impressed by the levels of confidence and the support the students get from their teachers."
我总是对学生们从老师那里得到的自信程度和支持印象深刻。
"the support (that/which) the students get from their teachers" 是定语从句，关系代词 "that" 或 "which" 在从句中作宾语（"get" 的宾语），因此被省略。这是定语从句中引导词作宾语时的标准省略，先行词 "the support" 与从句 "the students get from their teachers" 之间缺少显性连接词。
Even so, it can be difficult for those who do not study music theory to see this as an indicator, since it is subtle and just shows the impact symphonic(交响乐的) orchestras have had on society's taste in music.
即便如此，对于那些不学习音乐理论的人来说，将此视为一种指标可能是困难的，因为它是微妙的，并且仅仅显示了交响乐团对社会音乐品味所产生的影响。
在 "the impact" 与 "symphonic orchestras" 之间省略了关系代词 that 或 which。在定语从句中，当关系代词充当 have had 的宾语时，经常被省略，这会增加基础薄弱学生识别从句边界的难度。
In an analysis of 155 studies, John Sievenpiper, associate professor at the University of Toronto's Department of Nutritional Sciences, set out to understand if the associations between sugary soft drinks and health—including risk of diabetes and heart disease—were applicable to the food and drink we generally consume as part of a healthy diet.
在一项对155项研究的分析中，多伦多大学营养科学系副教授约翰·西文派珀着手了解含糖软饮料与健康之间的关联——包括糖尿病和心脏病的风险——是否适用于我们通常作为健康饮食一部分消费的食物和饮料。
"we generally consume"是定语从句,省略了关系代词"that/which"。完整形式应为"the food and drink that/which we generally consume",因为关系代词在从句中作宾语,所以可以省略。这是定语从句中关系代词省略的标准情况。
Volunteering can drop after the holiday season, and by February, some organizations lack the volunteers they had in surplus just a month ago.
志愿服务在假期后可能会减少，到二月，一些组织缺乏一个月前还过剩的志愿者。
定语从句 "they had in surplus just a month ago" 修饰先行词 "the volunteers"，从句中省略了关系代词 "that/which"（在从句中作宾语）。完整形式应为 "the volunteers (that/which) they had in surplus just a month ago"。关系代词作宾语时可省略是英语定语从句的常见现象，但对初学者而言容易忽略从句与先行词的修饰关系。
It often happens that people can lack reason when faced with skillful marketing.
当面对巧妙的营销时，人们常常会失去理智，这种情况经常发生。
时间状语从句 "when faced with skillful marketing" 省略了与主句相同的主语 "people" 和 be 动词 "are"，完整形式应为 "when people are faced with skillful marketing"。这种省略的条件是：从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句谓语包含 be 动词。省略后仅保留连词 when 和过去分词 faced，使句子更简洁，但需要读者还原省略成分才能完整理解句子结构。
The weather was the coldest it had been for the season, so people were warned to be careful when traveling outside.
天气是这个季节以来最冷的，所以人们被警告在外出旅行时要小心。
"when traveling outside"是状语从句的省略结构。完整形式应为"when they were traveling outside"，省略了与主句相同的主语"they"（指代"people"）和系动词"were"。这种省略的条件是：从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句谓语包含be动词。省略后只保留"when + 现在分词"的形式，使句子更加简洁。这是时间状语从句中典型的主谓省略现象。
The weakening of the human connection to nature might be good for economic growth but is bad for people.
人类与自然联系的减弱可能有利于经济增长，但对人类有害。
在 "but" 后省略了与前半句相同的主语 "The weakening of the human connection to nature"。完整形式应为 "but (the weakening of the human connection to nature) is bad for people"。这是典型的并列句中为避免重复而省略相同主语的情况，省略后句子更简洁但需要读者根据前文还原被省略的成分。
When making decisions, we give priority to our current frame of mind without thinking much of the consequences.
在做决策时，我们优先考虑自己当前的心态，而不太多考虑后果。
时间状语从句"when making decisions"省略了与主句相同的主语"we"和系动词"are",完整形式应为"when we are making decisions"。这是状语从句中典型的省略现象:当从句主语与主句主语一致,且从句谓语含be动词时,可同时省略从句主语和be动词,保留现在分词或过去分词形式。
Although born gray, males of the species are easily identified as they enter adulthood by a decisive pink shade.
尽管生来是灰色的，但该物种的雄性在进入成年期时很容易通过一种决定性的粉红色调被识别出来。
"Although born gray" 是状语从句的省略形式，完整形式应为 "Although (they are) born gray"。在让步状语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语一致（都是 males）且从句谓语含 be 动词时，可省略从句的主语和 be 动词，仅保留过去分词。这是状语从句中典型的主谓省略结构。
Research indicates absences from school with permission do not cause as many problems as those without permission.
研究表明，经许可缺课不会像未经许可缺课那样造成那么多问题。
"those" 在此处替代前文提到的 "absences"，避免重复使用名词。这是典型的替代结构，用 "those" 指代复数名词，后接介词短语 "without permission" 作定语进行区分限定。完整还原后应为 "absences without permission"。
For example, people ate 50% more of a healthy food when directed to focus on the good taste rather than the long-term health benefits.
例如，当被引导关注食物的良好味道而非长期健康益处时，人们会多吃50%的健康食品。
时间状语从句 "when directed to focus on" 中省略了与主句相同的主语 "people" 和 be 动词 "were"，完整形式为 "when people were directed to focus on"。这是状语从句中主语与主句主语一致、且含有 be 动词时的典型省略，属于英语中减少冗余的常见手法。
But too often we get caught in this place where conflict is perceived to be negative—something we want to avoid so that we can maintain the harmony of our workplace.
但是我们常常陷入这样一个境地，在那里冲突被认为是负面的——这是我们想要避免的事情，以便我们能够维持我们工作场所的和谐。
"something we want to avoid" 中省略了关系代词 "that/which"。完整形式应为 "something (that/which) we want to avoid"。关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略,这是英语中常见的省略现象,但会增加句子的隐蔽性,需要读者自行还原结构。
He and his team took photos of study participants, and then used image processing to visually age their faces.
他和他的团队拍摄了研究参与者的照片，然后使用图像处理来视觉上老化他们的面部。
在并列句的第二个分句中，主语"He and his team"被省略，因为它与第一个分句的主语相同。完整形式应为"and then (He and his team) used image processing..."。这是并列句中常见的主语省略现象，避免重复，使句子更简洁。
"I think we still need the class time to give our kids the education that they deserve," he said.
“我认为我们仍然需要课堂时间来给我们的孩子他们应得的教育，”他说。
"I think" 后省略了从句引导词 "that"，完整形式应为 "I think (that) we still need..."。在口语和非正式书面语中，宾语从句的引导词 "that" 经常被省略，尤其是在 think、believe、say 等常见动词后。这种省略使句子更简洁流畅，但对初学者来说可能造成从句识别困难。
Retirement doesn't have to be permanent, and if people need to, they can go back to work.
退休不一定是永久性的，而且如果人们需要，他们可以回去工作。
条件状语从句 "if people need to" 中，"need to" 之后省略了与主句相同的动词短语 "go back to work"。完整形式应为 "if people need to go back to work"。这种在从句中省略与主句重复成分的现象是英语中常见的避免冗余的手段，但对初学者而言需要通过上下文还原被省略的部分才能完整理解句意。
The activity of friends' brains was more similar than that of people who didn't know each other, particularly in regions involved in attention, emotion and language.
朋友大脑的活动比互不相识的人的大脑活动更相似，特别是在涉及注意力、情感和语言的区域。
"that"是替代词，替代前文的"the activity of friends' brains"中的核心名词"activity"。完整还原为"the activity of people who didn't know each other"。这是典型的用"that of"结构避免重复名词的替代用法，"that"指代前面的可数名词单数或不可数名词。
It is the way to quit a job one hates.
这是辞去一份自己讨厌的工作的方法。
"one hates" 是定语从句修饰 "a job"，完整形式应为 "a job that/which one hates"，此处省略了关系代词 "that/which"。判断依据：在定语从句中，当关系代词作宾语时可以省略，此处 "that/which" 在从句中作 "hates" 的宾语(one hates the job)，因此省略符合语法规则。这种省略在口语和书面语中都极为常见，但对初学者来说容易忽略从句结构。
When researching this book, I interviewed hundreds of people who retired by 40.
在研究这本书时，我采访了数百名40岁前退休的人。
"When researching this book"是"When I was researching this book"的省略形式。在时间状语从句中,当从句主语与主句主语一致且含有be动词时,可省略从句的主语和be动词,保留现在分词。这里省略了"I was",仅保留"researching",构成分词状语结构。
"They tell us the methods their forefathers used to predict the weather don't seem to work as well these days."
“他们告诉我们，他们祖先用来预测天气的方法如今似乎不那么管用了。”
"the methods their forefathers used"中省略了关系代词。完整形式应为"the methods (which/that) their forefathers used"，关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略。这种省略在口语和书面语中都极为常见，是定语从句的标准简化形式。
Provide customers easy access to items they want to buy.
为顾客提供他们想要购买的商品的便捷获取途径。
定语从句"they want to buy"修饰先行词"items"，省略了关系代词that/which。完整形式应为"items (that/which) they want to buy"，关系代词在从句中作buy的宾语，可以省略。这是定语从句中宾格关系代词的常见省略现象。
They say the films lack any form of artistry.
他们说这些电影缺乏任何形式的艺术性。
"say" 后省略了宾语从句引导词 "that"，完整形式应为 "They say (that) the films lack any form of artistry."。这是宾语从句中引导词 that 的典型省略，在口语和书面语中都极为常见。省略后句子更简洁流畅，但对初学者而言可能不易识别从句边界。
Remember, failure is inevitable, and every failure you survive is a learning experience.
记住，失败是不可避免的，并且你挺过来的每一次失败都是一次学习经历。
"every failure you survive"中省略了关系代词，完整形式应为"every failure (that/which) you survive"。关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可省略，这里"that/which"充当"survive"的宾语被省略，使得定语从句"you survive"直接紧跟先行词"failure"。这种省略在口语和书面语中都很常见。
The next day, while checking on another online order, her mother noticed a long list of dolls on the way.
第二天，在查看另一个在线订单时，她的母亲注意到一长串待送达的玩偶。
"while checking"是状语从句的省略形式，完整结构应为"while she was checking on another online order"。在when/while/if等引导的状语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语一致且含be动词时，可省略从句的主语和be动词，这是典型的状语从句省略结构。
Previous research has found older students achieve better results.
先前的研究已经发现年龄较大的学生取得更好的成绩。
"older students achieve better results" 是 "found" 的宾语从句,省略了引导词 "that"。完整形式应为 "Previous research has found that older students achieve better results."。在及物动词后的宾语从句中,当从句不位于句首且引导词 "that" 不充当从句成分时,"that" 可省略。此处 "that" 仅起连接作用,省略后不影响句子完整性,但对基础学习者而言可能造成理解障碍,需要识别出 "older students achieve..." 整体作宾语从句。
Many women who opt to simply keep their own names do so because they don't want to give up all that they have accomplished professionally.
许多选择只保留自己名字的女性这样做是因为她们不想放弃自己在职业上所取得的一切成就。
"do so"是替代结构，"so"替代前文的动作"keep their own names"。完整还原应为"do keep their own names"，使用"do so"避免重复，使表达更简洁。这是典型的"do so"替代用法。
The vast island usually locks away enough fresh water in its ice sheet, which if melted can raise global sea levels by six meters.
这座广阔的岛屿通常在其冰盖中封存足够的淡水，这些冰盖如果融化会使全球海平面上升六米。
在"which if melted"这个结构中，条件从句"if melted"省略了主语"it"（指代ice sheet）和系动词"is"。完整形式应为"which if it is melted"。这是典型的状语从句中主谓省略现象，当从句主语与主句主语一致或可明确推断，且含有be动词时，可省略"主语+be"。
Their brain is more powerful than that of right-handed people.
他们的大脑比右撇子的大脑更强大。
"that of right-handed people" 中的 "that" 是替代词，指代前文的 "brain"，避免重复。完整还原为 "the brain of right-handed people"。这是典型的 "that of" 替代结构，用于比较句中替代前面出现的单数可数名词或不可数名词，使表达更简洁。
That's because the volume of fish caught in the wild has leveled off since the 1990s.
那是因为自20世纪90年代以来，野生捕捞的鱼的数量已经趋于稳定。
在"the volume of fish caught in the wild"这一主语中，"fish caught in the wild"实际上是"fish (that are) caught in the wild"的省略形式，关系代词"that"和系动词"are"被省略了。这种定语从句中关系代词和be动词的省略是英语中极为常见的简化手段，使句子更加简洁。
White meat, such as chicken, may raise blood cholesterol levels as much as red meat does.
白肉，例如鸡肉，可能会像红肉一样提高血液胆固醇水平。
句末的 "does" 是助动词替代，代替前文的 "raise blood cholesterol levels"，避免重复。完整还原应为 "as much as red meat raises blood cholesterol levels"。这是比较结构中的典型替代手法，用 "does" 替代整个谓语动词短语，保持句子简洁。
The actual value they attribute to diversity depends on the decision-making perspective.
他们赋予多样性的实际价值取决于决策视角。
这是一个定语从句省略了关系代词。完整形式应为 "The actual value (that/which) they attribute to diversity"，关系代词 "that" 或 "which" 在从句中作 "attribute" 的宾语，按照英语语法规则可以省略。这种省略在口语和书面语中都很常见，但会增加句子的紧凑度，对初学者来说可能造成理解障碍，需要识别出 "they attribute to diversity" 是修饰 "value" 的定语从句。
"They might spot problems you don't spot." Another potential red flag is being asked to pay by bank transfer.
“他们可能会发现你没有发现的问题。”另一个潜在的危险信号是被要求通过银行转账付款。
定语从句 "problems (that/which) you don't spot" 省略了关系代词 that/which。关系代词在从句中作宾语(spot 的宾语)时可以省略,这是英语定语从句的常见省略现象。还原后为 "problems that you don't spot",省略使句子更简洁但增加了识别从句边界的难度。
"When people book holiday villas they are doing so through rose-colored glasses," says Tony Neate, chief executive of Get Safe Online, "They should be Googling the property, and looking on websites like Google Maps and StreetView to see if it's there. Also, speak to the person you're booking the villa with on a landline phone, as fraudsters tend to only use mobiles."
"当人们预订度假别墅时，他们是通过玫瑰色的眼镜这样做的，"Get Safe Online的首席执行官Tony Neate说，"他们应该谷歌搜索该房产，并在像谷歌地图和街景这样的网站上查看它是否在那里。另外，用固定电话与你预订别墅的人交谈，因为欺诈者往往只使用手机。"
"doing so" 中的 "so" 是替代词，替代前面提到的 "book holiday villas" 这个动作，避免重复。完整还原应为 "they are booking holiday villas through rose-colored glasses"。这是典型的 do so 替代结构。
Nick Cooper, the founder and co-owner of villa booking company Villa Plus, estimates his company has uncovered more than 200 fake villa websites over the past two years, and doesn't believe enough is being done.
尼克·库珀，别墅预订公司“维拉普拉斯”的创始人兼共同所有者，估计他的公司在过去两年中发现了200多个虚假别墅网站，并且认为做得还不够。
在 "doesn't believe enough is being done" 中，"believe" 后接宾语从句，但引导词 "that" 被省略。完整形式应为 "doesn't believe (that) enough is being done"。宾语从句引导词 "that" 的省略在英语中极为常见，属于典型的从句引导词省略现象，会对初学者造成理解障碍，需要识别并还原省略的成分。
For a growing number of people, however, their yearly break is turning into a nightmare as they find that the property they have paid thousands for does not exist and the website through which they booked it has disappeared.
然而，对于越来越多的人来说，他们的年度假期正在变成一场噩梦，因为他们发现他们支付了数千英镑的房产并不存在，并且他们预订该房产的网站已经消失了。
在 "the property they have paid thousands for" 中，定语从句省略了关系代词 "which/that"。完整形式应为 "the property which/that they have paid thousands for"。关系代词在从句中作介词 "for" 的宾语，当关系代词作宾语时可以省略，这是定语从句的常见省略形式。
In another analysis, researchers found that today's teens go out with their friends much less often than previous generations did.
在另一项分析中，研究人员发现如今的青少年与朋友外出的频率比前几代人低得多。
"did"是助动词替代，代替前文的"go out with their friends"，避免重复。这是典型的do类替代结构，在比较从句中用助动词did替代完整的动词短语。还原后完整形式为"than previous generations went out with their friends"。
The unpaid housework done by women is triple that done by men.
女性所做的无偿家务是男性所做的三倍。
"that"在此处替代前文的"the unpaid housework"，避免重复。替代词"that"后接过去分词短语"done by men"作定语，完整还原为"the unpaid housework done by men"。这是典型的替代结构，用于比较句中避免名词重复。
But the trends related to movies are less disturbing compared with the change in how teens spend their time.
但是与电影相关的趋势，与青少年如何度过他们时间的变化相比，不那么令人不安。
完整形式应为"when they are compared with the change",这里省略了从句主语"they"(指代"the trends related to movies")和系动词"are"。过去分词"compared"实际上是被动语态"are compared"的省略形式,在状语从句中,当从句主语与主句主语一致且含be动词时,可省略从句的主语和be动词,保留分词形式。这是状语从句省略的标准用法。
For example, you might recognize that you are intelligent, but realize that you are not a genius.
例如，你可能认识到你是聪明的，但意识到你不是一个天才。
并列连词 "but" 之后省略了与前一分句相同的主语 "you" 和情态动词 "might"，完整形式应为 "but (you might) realize that you are not a genius"。这是典型的并列句中为避免重复而省略相同主语和助动词的情况，还原后句子结构更清晰。
When there are several different assignments, make sure they begin with one they enjoy, so it seems easy to get started.
当有几项不同的任务时，要确保他们从一个他们喜欢的任务开始，这样开始做起来似乎很容易。
"one they enjoy"是定语从句省略关系代词的典型结构。完整形式应为"one (that/which) they enjoy"，关系代词"that"或"which"在从句中作宾语，按英语习惯可省略。省略后"they enjoy"直接后置修饰先行词"one"，这种省略在口语和书面语中都极为常见，但对初学者来说可能造成理解障碍，因为缺少明确的从句引导标记。
Nothing serious, mind you, but he damaged someone's car and wanted to get some money together to make up for the damage he'd caused.
没什么严重的，跟你说，但是他损坏了别人的车，并且想要凑些钱来弥补他造成的损失。
在"the damage he'd caused"中，省略了关系代词that或which。完整形式应为"the damage that/which he had caused"或"the damage which/that he had caused"。在定语从句中，当关系代词作宾语时（这里"damage"是"caused"的宾语），可以省略关系代词。这种省略在口语和书面语中都很常见，使句子更加简洁流畅，但对初学者来说可能造成理解障碍，需要还原省略成分才能准确把握句子结构。
If asked, most people will be able to give a vague description of their main meals: breakfast, lunch, dinner.
如果被问到，大多数人能够给出他们主要餐食的模糊描述：早餐、午餐、晚餐。
"If asked" 是状语从句的省略形式，完整结构应为 "If they are asked" 或 "If most people are asked"。当状语从句的主语与主句主语一致（或为泛指），且从句谓语含有 be 动词时，可省略从句的主语和 be 动词。这里省略了主语和系动词 "are"，只保留过去分词 "asked"，使表达更简洁。
英语四级真题中的省略替代共标注出 1367 处实例，覆盖 1329 个不同的真题句子；按用法形态统计，具体类型分 6 种（最多的是从句引导词/主谓省略 951 处）。本页从中精选 50 句真题例句，出自 25 套真题卷，句长 9–62 词（平均 22 词），CEFR 等级构成为 C1 22 句、B2 15 句、B1 13 句。每句以高亮标出省略替代在原句中的位置，附中文翻译、逐句解析、出处试卷与卷面位置，并可进入单句详情页查看结构树逐层拆解。
关于省略替代在英语四级真题中的出现频次、常见形态与识别方法，最常被问到的问题。
本页数据最后更新：
