2016年6月·第1套 英语六级听力真题原文与答案解析

What position does the woman hold in the company?

提问者把身份直接说破。答案不在女方应答里，而藏在男方开场提问 how long have you been a market research consultant 里——他张口就点明了对方的职位。对话题的答案句不一定是「回答」，提问方代为说出身份时，那句就是答案句。

• market research consultant↔Market research consultant.原词原义照搬

• A)原词陷阱Project organizer. 录音里只在流程描述时出现过 organize a presentation 的「组织」动作，听到 organize 就联想成「项目组织者」是被动词牵着走，原文并无此头衔。

  借用原文：I have to check them and organize a presentation

• B)未提及Public relations officer. 录音通篇没有出现公关相关说法，纯属凭「市场」联想到「公关」的想当然。
• C)偷换概念Marketing manager. 与原文 market research consultant 仅一字之差（marketing manager vs market research consultant），最易混。但原文白纸黑字是 consultant，不是 manager，属近义头衔偷换。

  借用原文：market research consultant

What does the woman specialize in at the moment?

专长信号词 specialize in。at the moment, I specialize in quantitative advertising research 里 specialize in 是明晃晃的专长信号，它后面紧跟的方向词就是答案句核心。题干的 at the moment 也与此句原词照应，定位极稳。

• quantitative advertising research↔Quantitative advertising research.原短语整体照搬

• B)原词陷阱Questionnaire design. 录音确有 I then design a questionnaire，但那是「与新客户合作流程」里的一个步骤，不是她「专攻」的方向。听到 questionnaire / design 就选，正中陷阱。

  借用原文：I then design a questionnaire

• C)原词陷阱Research methodology. 源自 we decide on the methodology，也是合作流程的一环，非她的专长方向，属典型听到 methodology 就选。

  借用原文：we decide on the methodology

• D)原词陷阱Interviewer training. 录音 Once the interviewers have been briefed 提到 interviewers，但说的是「访员被简要交代任务」，并非她的专长，也非 training。

  借用原文：Once the interviewers have been briefed

What does the woman say about trackers?

定义信号 which are。Trackers, which are ongoing projects that look at trends or customer satisfaction over a long period of time 用 which are 直接给 trackers 下定义，定义从句就是答案句。抓 ongoing、over a long period 这些定性词。

• ongoing projects↔over a long period.持续=长期
• look at trends or customer satisfaction over a long period of time↔They study trends or customer satisfaction over a long period.look at=study，且 long period 原词照应

• A)与原文相反They are intensive studies of people's spending habits. 里 intensive（密集/短期高强度）恰与原文 over a long period of time（长期）唱反调；spending habits（消费习惯）原文也未就 trackers 这么说。这是把「长期」反说成「密集」的对立陷阱，正是预读时预警的那一处。

  借用原文：over a long period of time

• B)张冠李戴They examine relations between producers and customers. 录音 you do build up a good relationship with the client 确有 relationship，但那是说「她与客户建立好关系」，被偷换成「研究生产者与顾客的关系」，主体和含义全错。

  借用原文：you do build up a good relationship with the client

• C)未提及They look for new and effective ways to promote products. 「寻找推广产品的新办法」录音中关于 trackers 的描述里完全没有，属凭「市场调研≈促销」的想当然。

What does the woman dislike about her job?

好恶信号 what I don't like。as for what I don't like, it has to be the checking of charts and tables 里 what I don't like 是明确的「讨厌」信号，其后 it has to be 引出的那件事就是答案。这句还在全对话最末，是压轴好恶。

• the checking of charts and tables↔Checking charts and tables.名词化↔动词化，同义照应

• A)未提及The lack of promotion opportunity. 「缺乏晋升机会」录音从未提及，靠「上班族总抱怨升不上去」的常识填进来。
• C)原词陷阱Designing questionnaires. 录音 I then design a questionnaire 确有，但那是中性的流程描述，并非她「讨厌」的事——她明确讨厌的是核对图表。听到 design questionnaire 就选，落入原词陷阱。

  借用原文：I then design a questionnaire

• D)张冠李戴The persistent intensity. 暗指原文 it takes up a lot of your time（trackers 很费时）那层「持续费力」，但那是 trackers 的「缺点」，不是她整体「讨厌」工作的那一点；她讨厌的明确是核对图表，故移花接木。

  借用原文：it takes up a lot of your time

What does the woman want Frederick to talk about?

女方的发问句即定位点。这题问"女方想让他谈什么"，答案就在女方提问那一句 Could you please explain? 里——她紧接着点了 very strong views about universities in Canada，这就是她请他展开的对象。

• very strong views about universities in Canada↔His view on Canadian universities.views=view、in Canada=Canadian

• B)偷换概念B 的 His understanding of higher education. 把话题扩成笼统的"高等教育"，但女方明确限定在 universities in Canada（加拿大的大学），范围被偷偷放大，答非所问。
• C)未提及C 的 His suggestions for improvements in higher education. 说成"改进建议"，但女方只请他 explain 看法，没说让他提改进方案，属无中生有。
• D)原词陷阱D 的 His complaint about bureaucracy in American universities. 里 bureaucracy、American 确实在后文出现过（女方谈美国时提到），但那不是女方开头请他谈的对象，对象被偷换成"美国"且时间也错位，属张冠李戴的原词陷阱。

  借用原文：we have many private universities, and I think they're large bureaucracies

What does the man say about the curriculum in Canadian universities?

curriculum 后紧跟评价句。答案信号是"提到 curriculum 后紧接着给的判断"——男方说教育部制定课程，随即下结论 there's not much room for flexibility（没什么灵活空间），这句判断就是答案落点。

• there's not much room for flexibility↔It is rather inflexible.no flexibility=inflexible 否定转形容词

• A)与原文相反A 的 It is well designed.（设计得好）是正面评价，而男方整体否定加拿大课程体系（not much room for flexibility 还说 I don't think it's very efficient），褒贬正相反。

  借用原文：there's not much room for flexibility

• C)原词陷阱C 的 It varies among universities. 借了原文反复出现的 universities，编出"各校之间有差异"，但原文说课程是教育部统一制定（Ministry of Education in charge of creating the curriculum），恰恰是统一而非各异，答非所问。

  借用原文：Ministry of Education in charge of creating the curriculum for the universities

• D)未提及D 的 It has undergone great changes.（经历了巨大变化）原文从未提及，男方只谈课程死板、低效，没说课程变化大，属凭空捏造。

On what point do the speakers agree?

I agree 后即共识内容。答案信号是男方的认同标志 I agree with you——它后面紧跟的 you're not giving equal access to education to everybody 就是两人共同认可的那一点。

• you're not giving equal access to education to everybody↔Everyone should be given equal access to higher education.否定现状=应然主张 肯否转换

• A)原词陷阱A 的 The United States and Canada can learn from each other. 借了男方 we can learn from Japan 的 learn from，但原文是"向日本学习"而非"美加互相学习"，且这是男方单方的设想、不是双方明确共同认同的那一点，张冠李戴。

  借用原文：Perhaps we can learn from Japan

• B)原词陷阱B 的 Public universities are often superior to private universities. 借了原文 public universities are considered to be the best，但那句仅限"在日本"，并非两人普遍同意的共识；且女方明说美国相反（It's the exact opposite in the United States.），故"公立普遍优于私立"不是共识。

  借用原文：in Japan, public universities are considered to be the best

• D)与原文相反D 的 Private schools work more efficiently than public institutions. 原文没有任何人这么说；女方反而认为私立也是大官僚机构（they're large bureaucracies also）、不见得更有动力，与 D 不符。

  借用原文：they're large bureaucracies also

What point does the man make at the end of the conversation?

So, as you see 收束信号。答案信号是结尾的收束词 So, as you see——它之后那句 it's very hard to say which one is better 是男方对全场讨论的总结落点。

• it's very hard to say which one is better↔It is hard to say which is better, a public university or a private one.which one=which 公立私立 指代补全

• A)偷换概念A 的 University systems vary from country to country. 听上去呼应了对话涉及的加、美、日多国，但男方结尾说的是"难说哪个更好"，不是"各国制度不同"，把结论换了方向。
• B)原词陷阱B 的 Efficiency is essential to university management. 借了原文多次出现的 efficient/efficiency，但男方谈效率是在评价加拿大体制（I don't think it's very efficient），并非结尾的总结观点，原词陷阱。

  借用原文：I don't think it's very efficient

• D)张冠李戴D 的 Many private universities in the U.S. are actually large bureaucracies. 几乎照搬了原文，但说这话的是女方（in the United States we have many private universities, and I think they're large bureaucracies），本题问的是男方结尾观点，说话人对错了。

  借用原文：we have many private universities, and I think they're large bureaucracies also

What is the International Labor Organization's report mainly about?

开头点题 + 让步转折后的落点。答案信号有两处叠加：一是 A recent International Labor Organization report says 开篇即点出报告主题；二是让步转折结构 the picture on wages is likely to get worse this year, despite indications of an economic rebound——despite（尽管）这个让步词把重心压在"工资会更糟"上，而非"经济回升"上。

• the deterioration of real wages around the world↔The worsening real wage situation around the worlddeterioration 换成 worsening，同义

• A)偷换概念选项 Government's role in resolving an economic crisis. 把焦点放在"政府的角色"。原文确实提到政府 policies 和 the government must provide wage subsidies，但那只是第三、四段举的一个应对例子，不是全篇主旨；报告通篇讲的是"工资恶化"。这是用"经济危机"的氛围词诱你误选。

  借用原文：the government must provide wage subsidies

• C)原词陷阱选项 Indications of economic recovery in the United States. 里的 the United States 原文 They include the United States, Austria, Costa Rica, South Africa and Germany 确实念到了，但它只是"工资停滞/下降"国家清单里的一员，且选项说的是 economic recovery（经济复苏），方向恰与全文"工资恶化"相反。听到 United States 就选正中圈套。

  借用原文：They include the United States, Austria, Costa Rica, South Africa and Germany

• D)未提及选项 The impact of the current economic crisis on people's life. 借了 economic crisis 这个原文氛围词，但 impact on people's life（对人们生活的影响）全文从未展开——报告只讲工资数据与应对方案，没讲对个人生活的具体影响。属于无中生有。

According to an International Labor Organization's specialist, how will employers feel if there are more people looking for jobs?

条件路标 looking for jobs 后紧跟因果落点 decline。题干路标 more people looking for jobs 在原文以 more people will be looking for jobs 原样出现，紧随其后的 and 引出结果 the pressure on employers to raise wages to attract workers will decline——decline（下降）就是雇主的反应所在，是这句的答案落点。

• the pressure on employers to raise wages to attract workers will decline↔They will feel less pressure to raise employees' wagespressure…will decline 等于 feel less pressure

• B)过度推断选项 They will feel free to choose the most suitable employees. 看似顺理成章——人多了当然挑得动——但原文只说雇主"涨薪压力下降"the pressure…will decline，从没说雇主"可以自由挑选最合适的人"。这是从原文真说过的"求职者增多"硬推出的额外结论。

  借用原文：more people will be looking for jobs

• C)未提及选项 They will feel inclined to expand their business operations. 讲"想扩张业务"，原文围绕的是"工资压力"，从未提及雇主因求职者增多就要扩张经营。属无中生有。
• D)未提及选项 They will feel more confident in competing with their rivals. 谈"和对手竞争更有信心"，原文谈的是雇主对"涨薪"的压力，与"竞争对手"毫无关系。属无中生有。

What does the speaker mean by the Work Sharing scheme?

方案名后紧跟 Under this scheme 的解释句。听到方案名 work sharing 后，紧接的 Under this scheme, the number of individual working hours is reduced in an effort to avoid layoffs 就是对它的正式解释——Under this scheme（在此方案下）是典型的释义引导，后面的内容即答案。

• the number of individual working hours is reduced↔Employees work shorter hours工时被削减 = 员工上更短的班
• in an effort to avoid layoffs↔to avoid layoffsavoid layoffs 原词对应，目的一致

• A)答非所问选项 Employees and companies cooperate to pull through the economic crisis. 方向上不算错（整篇确在讲应对危机），但它只说"员工与公司合作渡过危机"，完全没提 Work Sharing 的具体做法（缩工时、避裁员）。问"方案指什么"，要的是机制，不是空泛的好话。
• B)偷换概念选项 Government and companies join hands to create jobs for the unemployed. 借了原文真有的 government（government subsidies）和 jobs 概念，但方案核心是 avoid layoffs（保住现有岗位），选项却说 create jobs（为失业者创造新岗位）——"保旧岗"被偷换成"造新岗"，与原文不符。

  借用原文：work sharing with government subsidies

• D)原词陷阱选项 Team work will be encouraged in companies. 利用 work sharing 里 sharing（分担）一词容易让人联想到"团队协作"，但原文的 work sharing 指"分担工作时数（缩短工时）"，与 team work（团队合作）毫无关系。原文从未提鼓励团队合作。

  借用原文：work sharing with government subsidies

What question is frequently put to the speaker?

frequently asked原句直陈。录音用 I have been frequently asked if these memory supplements work 直接陈述"被频繁问到的问题"，frequently asked 与题干 frequently put 对应，是答案句的明确信号。

• asked if these memory supplements work↔Whether memory supplements workif=whether同义

• B)原词陷阱录音确实提到 a herbal recall remedy，B 借这个 herbal 设饵，但说话人被频繁问的是 supplements 是否有用，不是 herbal medicine works wonders（草药是否有神效），盗了原词却偷换了问题对象。

  借用原文：a herbal recall remedy

• C)未提及C 说被问的是 Whether exercise enhances one's memory（锻炼能否增强记忆），但开头被频繁问的问题里没有 exercise；锻炼是后文 work-out 才引出的另一层意思，不是这题问的设问内容。
• D)原词陷阱录音开头有 a magic memory pill，D 借 magic 设饵，但说话人被问的是补剂是否有用，不是 Whether a magic memory promises success（神奇记忆能否带来成功），promises success 是原文没有的夸大延伸。

  借用原文：a magic memory pill

What does the speaker say about most memory supplements?

否定句science isn't there。录音用否定句 The science isn't there behind most of them 直接给出评判——大多数补剂背后没有科学，否定语气是态度题的答案信号。

• The science isn't there behind most of them↔They are not based on real science同义否定改写

• A)未提及A 说补剂 help the elderly more than the young（对老人比年轻人更有用），录音通篇没把人群分成老人/年轻人比较，是凭空安上的对比。
• B)与原文相反B 说补剂 beneficial in one way or another（多少有益），方向与录音相反——说话人强调 those supplements aren't going to give you that perfect memory 且 the science isn't there，是怀疑而非肯定。

  借用原文：those supplements aren't going to give you that perfect memory in the way that they promise

• C)与原文相反C 说补剂 do not have side effects（没有副作用），但录音后文强调 these are medicines, so they do have an impact，明说有影响/风险，C 与原文相反。

  借用原文：these are medicines, so they do have an impact

What do we learn about memory supplements in eastern cultures?

eastern定位+prescribed应答。题干限定词 eastern cultures 把定位指向 especially in some eastern cultures 一带，紧接的 they are prescribed… by a practitioner who's been trained 正面回答该情境下补剂怎么给，是答案句。

• they are prescribed↔They are prescribedprescribed原意对应
• a practitioner who's been trained↔trained practitioners语序改写同义

• A)与原文相反A 说补剂 available at most country fairs（多在乡村集市可买到），但录音明说 People don't just go in a local grocery store and buy these supplements，即并非随便买到，方向相反。

  借用原文：People don't just go in a local grocery store and buy these supplements

• B)原词陷阱录音确有 a dosage that is understood by a practitioner，B 借 dosage 设饵，但原文说的是"医师掌握的某一剂量水平"，不是 taken in relatively high dosage（服用高剂量），盗了原词却换成"高剂量"这一原文没有的说法。

  借用原文：a dosage that is understood by a practitioner who's been trained

• C)未提及C 说补剂 collected or grown by farmers（由农民采集种植），录音谈的是开方与剂量，从未提及由农民种植采集，属凭空添加。

What does the speaker say about memory supplements at the end?

结尾风险句might put at risk。录音结尾用 taking them in combination with other medications might put you at increased risk 给出最后的警示，might put… at increased risk 是结尾结论性风险句，正对 at the end 的提问。

• taking them in combination with other medications↔Taking them with other medicationsin combination=with同义
• might put you at increased risk↔might entail unnecessary risks增加风险同义改写

• A)未提及A 说补剂 as helpful as doing mental exercise（和做脑力锻炼一样有用），录音虽提过 work-out/mental exercise 的概念，但从未说补剂"和锻炼一样有效"，这个对等比较是原文没有的。
• C)未提及C 说 Their effect lasts only a short time（效果只持续很短时间），录音结尾谈的是合用风险，从未涉及效果的持续时长，属无中生有。
• D)与原文相反D 说 Many have benefited from them（许多人从中获益），与全篇怀疑、结尾警示风险的基调相反，说话人结尾强调的是风险而非获益。

  借用原文：might put you at increased risk for something that you wouldn't otherwise be countering or be at risk for

What is the talk mainly about?

转折But后是真意。全文开头铺陈灾害多可怕，到 But, he says extreme events become disasters only when people fail to prepare for them. 用转折词 But 把调子扭向人若准备好就不会成灾，配合第 3 段 they need not be disasters，主线落在损失可以被减少。转折后才是讲者真正想说的主旨。

• extreme events become disasters only when people fail to prepare for them↔the negative impacts of natural disasters can be reduced反面说=正面减损
• the loss of life has decreased by a factor of 10 simply because we are getting better at warning people↔can be reduceddecreased=reduced

• A)未提及录音确实念了 nearly 8,400 natural disasters killed more than two-million people 等灾害数据，A 借此暗示灾害对发展中国家多严重；但全文从未把焦点限定在 developing nations，举的古巴、孟加拉是减灾成功例，不是发展中国家受害有多惨。属缩小并跑偏的范围。
• B)原词陷阱录音念到 World Meteorological Organization，B 把它说成全文在讲该组织怎样研究灾害；但录音只是借这个机构引出观点，全篇主线是怎样减少损失，不是介绍某机构的研究方法。听到机构名就选，正中原词陷阱。

  借用原文：director of Weather and Disaster Risk Reduction at the World Meteorological Organization

• C)与原文相反开头 The negative impacts of natural disasters can be seen everywhere. 确给人人类很无力之感，C 顺势说全文讲人类多无力；但这只是 But 转折前的铺垫，讲者随即用 We are making a difference 推翻它。C 取了转折前被否定的旧基调，与全文真实落点相反。

  借用原文：The negative impacts of natural disasters can be seen everywhere.

How can we stop extreme events from turning into disasters?

only when条件即答案。录音用 extreme events become disasters only when people fail to prepare for them 点出成灾的唯一条件是没准备好，反过来说就是做好准备就能阻止成灾。only when 这个限定条件句正是讲对策的落点，与第 7 段 taking preventive action 互相印证。

• people fail to prepare for them↔taking steps to prepare people for them否定前提反推做法
• taking preventive action↔taking steps to prepare people for thempreventive=prepare

• A)未提及录音讲的对策是 Build better buildings、make sure the warnings go right down to the community level 这类事前防范，从没说训练救援队应急。A 的 training rescue teams 是录音未提的另一种办法，听起来合理但无据。
• C)原词陷阱录音多次提到 nature 相关的灾害，C 顺势说办法是改变人们对自然的看法；但全文给的对策是盖好房子、做好预警、提前准备，从没说要改变观念。借话题词 nature 制造的答非所问。

  借用原文：caused by weather, climate, or water-related extremes

• D)偷换概念录音 Don't build where the hazards will destroy them. 说的是别在危险地带盖房，D 把它歪成把人迁到安全地（relocating people）。原文讲的是建房选址，不是迁移人口，意思被偷换。

  借用原文：Don't build where the hazards will destroy them.

What does the example of Cuba serve to show?

But后死亡数骤降。古巴段用 But the development of an early-warning system has reversed that trend. 的转折点明预警系统扭转了局面，再用 only seven people were killed 这个对比数字证明效果。配合第 7 段 reduced the loss of life caused by natural disasters by taking preventive action，这个例子是为预防能救命这一论点服务。

• the development of an early-warning system has reversed that trend↔preventive action can reduce the loss of life预警=预防行动
• only seven people were killed↔reduce the loss of life只死七人=减损

• B)未提及录音只讲古巴靠预警系统把死亡降到很低，从未评价古巴人勇敢。B 的 courageous 是凭灾害情境臆想出来的褒义评价，原文毫无依据。
• C)与原文相反录音 tropical storms formerly claimed dozens, if not hundreds of lives 确说古巴过去深受风暴之害，C 据此说例子讲古巴人多惨；但这是 But 转折前的旧情况，例子重点是其后被扭转的好结果，C 取错了重心。

  借用原文：tropical storms formerly claimed dozens, if not hundreds of lives, each year in Cuba

• D)原词陷阱录音念到 five successive hurricanes 等风暴字眼，D 借此说例子在讲热带风暴多有破坏力；但古巴例子恰恰是为证明预防能救命，不是渲染风暴威力。听到 hurricanes/storms 就选，落入原词陷阱。

  借用原文：Cuba was hit by five successive hurricanes

What does President Obama hope the banks will do?

说话人直接表态句。答案落在奥巴马本人的引语 banks now having greater obligation to the goal of a wider recovery——题问『奥巴马希望银行做什么』，答案就在他亲口说出的那句表态里。

• greater obligation to the goal of a wider recovery↔Contribute more to the goal of a wider recovery.负有更大责任=应多出力

• A)偷换概念录音开头说 telling them it's time to return the favor（该回报了），『return the favor』听着像『还钱给政府』，但奥巴马随后明确的期望是为更广复苏出力，不是字面还贷，A 把模糊的『回报』坐实成『还 loans 给政府』，属偷换。

  借用原文：telling them it's time to return the favor

• B)原词陷阱录音通篇出现 loans、financial、difficulty 这类词（如 credit availability to small and medium sized businesses），B 用 Provide loans to those in severe financial difficulty. 把这些原词拼起来，但奥巴马希望银行做的是为整体复苏出力，并未要求向困难者放贷，属原词陷阱。

  借用原文：credit availability to small and medium sized businesses

• D)偷换概念录音提到 the collapse of the housing bubble，D 用 Speed up their recovery from the housing bubble. 盗用 housing bubble 一词，且把 recovery 的落点从『更广泛的复苏（整体）』偷换成『银行自身从泡沫中恢复』，方向变了。

  借用原文：the collapse of the housing bubble

What is Martin Neil Baily's prediction about the financial situation in the future?

预测信号词 predicts。答案句由 He predicts 这个明确的预测信号引出——题问 Baily 的 prediction，听到 predicts 就锁定其后内容。

• high failure rates for smaller, regional banks↔Many smaller regional banks are going to fail.高倒闭率=很多银行将倒闭

• A)未提及录音只预测小型地区银行倒闭率高，从未提到银行『合并（merge）』。A 的 Some banks may have to merge with others. 是录音未提及的内容。
• C)原词陷阱录音确实说过 there may actually be a worsening of credit availability（放贷会更难），C 的 It will be hard for banks to provide more loans. 正盗用这句，但那是承接 Baily 倒闭预测后的延伸说法，本题问的是他的『预测』核心，正解是倒闭率高；C 偷换成放贷难这一旁支。

  借用原文：there may actually be a worsening of credit availability

• D)未提及录音谈倒闭、放贷难、失业（unemployment），但失业指的是整体经济的高失业率，并非银行『裁员』。D 的 Many banks will have to lay off some employees. 是录音未提到的银行行为。

What does U.S. Bancorp chief Richard Davis say about its future operation?

本人引语+意愿句 we want to。答案落在 Davis 本人引语中的意愿表态 we want to make more loans——题问他对未来经营怎么说，盯住他『we want to…』的直接陈述即可。

• we want to make more loans↔It will try to provide more loans.想多放贷=将设法多放贷

• A)原词陷阱录音前文反复出现 government（如 the help of the American government），A 的 It will work closely with the government. 盗用这个高频词，但 Davis 本人引语谈的是多放贷、让更多人合格，从没说要与政府密切合作，属原词陷阱。

  借用原文：the help of the American government

• B)原词陷阱Davis 谈的是想多放贷、防自身风险，从未说要『核销坏账（write off bad loans）』。B 的 It will endeavor to write off bad loans. 借用 loans 一词，却讲了录音未提的动作。

  借用原文：we want to make more loans

• C)未提及Davis 引语只字未提『降低利率（lower the interest rate）』。C 的 It will try to lower the interest rate. 是录音未出现的内容，属未提及。

What does Martin Neil Baily think of a second stimulus to the economy?

条件句 If…+ Baily says。答案落在 Baily 的条件性判断 If the economy starts to shrink again, Baily says it would make a strong case for a second stimulus——态度题盯住带 if 的条件句，它讲清了『在什么前提下第二次刺激才有必要』。

• If the economy starts to shrink again, Baily says it would make a strong case for a second stimulus↔It will be necessary if the economy starts to shrink again.提供有力理由=有必要

• A)与原文相反Baily 是说经济再萎缩时第二次刺激有必要（有助经济），A 的 It won't help the American economy to turn around. 却给出否定评价，与他的看法极性相反。

  借用原文：it would make a strong case for a second stimulus

• B)原词陷阱Baily 谈的是第二次刺激对整体经济在特定条件下有必要，从没说它对『主要商业银行（major commercial banks）』有没有好处。B 的 It won't do any good to the major commercial banks. 借用录音里的 commercial（来自 commercial real estate loans）一词，却讲了 Baily 未表达的判断。

  借用原文：commercial real estate loans

• C)与原文相反录音说第二次刺激是 something the Obama administration hopes will not be necessary（奥巴马政府希望它不必要），C 的 It will win the approval of the Obama administration. 盗用 Obama administration，却把『政府希望不需要』说成『将获政府认可』，恰好反了，且这本就不是 Baily 的看法。

  借用原文：something the Obama administration hopes will not be necessary

According to the speaker, what might be a symptom of cognitive decline in older adults?

下定义句即答案句。录音用 Cognitive decline is the loss of ability to learn new skills 给认知衰退"下定义"，is 这个判断系动词后面就是它的具体表现，定义句正是本题答案句所在。

• loss of ability to learn new skills↔Being unable to learn new things丧失能力=无法做

• B)原词陷阱B 的 Being rather slow to make changes 借了录音反复出现的 lifestyle changes 里的 "changes"一词来诱选，但录音说的是"改变生活方式"，从没说衰退表现为"做改变变慢"，属听到原词就想选的陷阱。

  借用原文：lifestyle changes

• C)未提及C 的 Losing temper more and more often（越来越爱发脾气）属情绪维度，录音定义衰退只谈"学习/记忆能力"，从未提及脾气情绪，是凭日常对"老人"的刻板印象想当然的未提及项。
• D)偷换概念D 的 Losing the ability to get on with others 借了定义句里 "loss of ability"的句式来仿冒，但录音 recall words, names, and faces 说的是记忆能力，从没说丧失"与人相处的能力"，是套用原文句式却偷换内容。

  借用原文：recall words, names, and faces

According to James Burke, what does seem to help reduce cognitive decline?

actually does help 强调有效。第 5 段 that actually does seem to help 与题干 "does seem to help"几乎同词，且 actually 一词把它从前文"证据不强"中拎出来重点强调，是答案落点；它指的正是上句的 challenging your brain with mentally stimulating activities。

• challenging your brain with mentally stimulating activities↔Cognitive stimulation脑力刺激活动=认知刺激

• B)未提及B 的 Community activity 听起来与"参与活动"沾边，但录音通篇说的是 being intellectually engaged（智力上投入），从没提社区活动，是借"活动"概念想当然的未提及项。
• C)原词陷阱C 的 Balanced diet 盗用了录音多次出现的 diet，极易"听到 diet 就选"；但 Burke 对 diet 的原话是 the evidence was not so strong that we could actually consider these firmly established（证据不够强、不能确认），它被归到"证据不足"一类，不是"确实有帮助"。

  借用原文：the evidence was not so strong that we could actually consider these firmly established

• D)未提及D 的 Fresh air 最迎合"多呼吸新鲜空气有益"的日常常识，但录音研究的因素是 smoking, diet, brain-challenging games, exercise 等，从未出现"新鲜空气"，是纯常识杜撰的未提及项。

What did James Burke recommend to reduce the incidence of cognitive decline?

I think+adopt 即建议句。第 8 段 I think that by having people adopt a healthy lifestyle 以 "I think"领起、用 adopt 给出做法，正是 Burke 发出建议的句子；上一段 Burke was willing to offer some recommendations 也预告了这里要出建议，答案就锁在此句。

• adopt a healthy lifestyle↔Endeavoring to give up unhealthy lifestyles采取健康=改掉不健康

• A)与原文相反A 的 Ignoring the signs and symptoms of aging 借了第 2 段定义衰退"as we age"的衰老话题，但 Burke 是叫人积极改变生活方式，而非"无视衰老迹象"，方向恰好相反。

  借用原文：most common as we age

• B)原词陷阱B 的 Adopting an optimistic attitude towards life 借了 make positive changes 里 positive 的"积极"味道来诱选，但 positive 在录音里指"积极的改变/有益效果"，不是"乐观心态"；Burke 从没建议保持乐观态度。

  借用原文：make positive changes

• D)原词陷阱D 的 Seeking advice from doctors from time to time 借了第 8 段 from a medical standpoint 的"medical"来制造"提到医生"的错觉，但录音说的是"从医学角度采取健康生活方式"，并没有建议"常去找医生咨询"。

  借用原文：from a medical standpoint