2012年 考研英语二阅读理解（四选一） 第 2 篇 · 26–30 题答案与解析

题干By saying "it is…the rainbow" (Line 3, Para. 1), the author means pink ____用引号锁定一句话并问"作者的意思是"，是典型的句意题。

题干主干是the author means pink ____，By saying "it is…the rainbow"是方式状语，圆括号内是定位提示。结构平铺直叙，无陷阱，但要注意空格在pink之后——四个选项都是对pink的谓语补全，不是对"the author"的补全。

• A)偷换概念

  原文段末提到的lack of imagination about girls' lives and interests是作者本人的观察，而非"pink cannot explain"——pink不是被要求去"解释"什么的主语；选项把"作者批评粉色文化导致想象力贫乏"偷换成"pink无法解释想象力贫乏"。

• B)答非所问

  Q26问的是引号句"tiny slice of the rainbow"的含义，焦点在"色彩单一/代表性垄断"；innocence是同段另一议题（girls as not only innocent but as evidence of innocence），选项把另一话题嫁接到这道句意题上。

• C)✓ 正确
  • such a tiny slice of the rainbow↔should not be the sole representation of girlhood
  • though it may celebrate girlhood in one way, it also repeatedly and firmly fuses girls' identity to appearance↔should not be the sole representation of girlhood

  预判"粉色不应独占代表女孩气质"与should not be the sole representation of girlhood字面对位，"sole"恰是"tiny slice"被放大成"全部"的反向表达，锁定C。

• D)与原文相反

  原文恰恰认为pink深刻影响着女孩生活与兴趣（pervasive、fuses identity to appearance），选项cannot influence girls' lives and interests反着说。

题干which of the following is true of colours是经典"以下哪项正确"句式，需要逐项回原文核对事实。

题干主干是which of the following is true of colours，According to Paragraph 2是状语限定来源段。"is true of colours"中"of"="关于"，要求选项是关于颜色的客观陈述，无陷阱。

• A)与原文相反

  原文Girls' attraction to pink may seem unavoidable, somehow encoded in their DNA, but according to Jo Paoletti, an associate professor of American Studies, it is not中"but … it is not"否定了DNA说，选项却把否定的观点当成事实。

• B)✓ 正确
  • Blue, with its intimations of the Virgin Mary, constancy and faithfulness, symbolised femininity↔Blue used to be regarded as the colour for girls

  预判"蓝色曾经=女性气质"与Blue used to be regarded as the colour for girls在时态（过去）与语义（蓝=女）两个维度完全对位，锁定B。

• C)偷换概念

  原文说in the era before domestic washing machines all babies wore white as a practical matter——白色是出于实用考虑（便于煮洗），而非"babies prefer"。选项把客观事实包装成婴儿的"偏好"。

• D)张冠李戴

  原文是both boys and girls wore what were thought of as gender-neutral dresses——"中性"指的是dresses（衣物款式），不是pink这种颜色；且原文随后说pink was actually considered the more masculine colour——pink过去是更男性化，而非中性。

题干The author suggests that our perception … was much influenced by ____在问明确的施动方，答案在原文有客观对应，并非需要二跳推理。

题干主干是our perception … was much influenced by ____被动句，by后接施动者。"of children's psychological development"是"perception"的后置修饰。考研二爱用被动句藏施动方，盯住by之后即可。

• A)与原文相反

  原文恰恰否定"儿童本性/对儿童的观察"是认知来源——I had not realised how profoundly marketing trends dictated our perception of what is natural to kids揭示所谓"natural to kids"其实是营销塑造的。

• B)✓ 正确
  • marketing trends dictated our perception of what is natural to kids, including our core beliefs about their psychological development↔the marketing of products for children
  • it was popularised as a marketing trick by clothing manufacturers in the 1930s↔the marketing of products for children

  预判"营销趋势/儿童产品营销"直指the marketing of products for children，且后文toddler例证完全契合，锁定B。

• C)与原文相反

  原文明确"phase was something experts developed after years of research into children's behaviour: wrong"，wrong一字直接否定"儿童行为研究"是来源。

• D)偷换概念

  原文是"a historian of childhood consumerism"——丹尼尔·库克这位历史学家的身份描述，而非作者陈述"我们的认知受儿童消费研究影响"。选项把"研究者身份"偷换为"研究本身的影响力"。

题干department stores were advised to_____问的是原文已陈述的建议内容，答案必有直接对应句。

题干主干是department stores were advised to_____被动句，空格处是不定式宾语，要求填入"被建议做某事"的动作。结构平铺直叙，但要看清主语是"department stores"而不是"shoppers"。

• A)✓ 正确
  • a "third stepping stone" between infant wear and older kids' clothes↔classify consumers into smaller groups
  • Splitting kids, or adults, into ever-tinier categories has proved a sure-fire way to boost profits↔classify consumers into smaller groups

  预判"细分消费群"与classify consumers into smaller groups字面对位，且原文紧接的通论句双重佐证，锁定A。

• B)无中生有

  原文通篇是为了"提升销量"而细分群体，从未提到"对不同性别同等重视"；恰恰相反，magnify gender differences – or invent them where they did not previously exist意在放大或制造性别差异。

• C)与原文相反

  原文建议"在婴儿装与大童装之间"增设"第三块踏脚石"，焦点在"中间新档"，而不是"专注现有两档"；选项把"细分两档之间"反向理解为"聚焦原有两档"。

• D)偷换概念

  原文是"toddler"先成为"common shoppers' term"，再演化为发展阶段——It was only after "toddler" became a common shoppers' term that it evolved into a broadly accepted developmental stage。即"成为购物术语"是已发生的结果，而非"被建议去创造"的目标；建议本身是"创造一档新品类（third stepping stone）"，不是"创造shoppers' terms"。

题干It can be concluded that girls' attraction to pink seems to be ___要求对全文核心话题下结论，无段号限定，是典型的主旨/结论题。

题干主干是girls' attraction to pink seems to be ___，"It can be concluded that"是形式主语结构，that后整句才是真正的题干内容。"seems to be"是系动词，空格处补主语补足语（形容词短语或过去分词短语），四个选项都是被动过去分词结构。

• A)无中生有

  原文未说"服装厂商fully understood"女孩对pink的偏好；他们只是"利用"差异化营销提升销量。"fully understood"把无中生有的全面理解强加给商家。

• B)与原文相反

  原文P2明确否定DNA/inborn说："may seem unavoidable, somehow encoded in their DNA, but … it is not"。选项clearly explained by their inborn tendency恰是被否定的命题。

• C)✓ 正确
  • Splitting kids, or adults, into ever-tinier categories has proved a sure-fire way to boost profits↔mainly imposed by profit-driven businessmen
  • It was not until the mid-1980s, when amplifying age and sex differences became a dominant children's marketing strategy, that pink fully came into its own↔mainly imposed by profit-driven businessmen
  • magnify gender differences – or invent them where they did not previously exist↔mainly imposed by profit-driven businessmen

  全文主线"商业逐利→放大/制造性别差异→pink归属女孩"与mainly imposed by profit-driven businessmen在"施动方=逐利商家"与"动作=imposed"两层对位，锁定C。"mainly"对应"a dominant marketing strategy"中的"dominant"，留出空间不绝对化。

• D)张冠李戴

  P3提到"experts/research into children's behaviour"时紧跟wrong——心理学专家研究并非"toddler"等概念的源头；全文也没有把女孩对pink的偏好归因于"心理学专家的解读"。