2017年6月·第1套 英语六级听力真题原文与答案解析

What is the number one factor that made employees happy according to the survey?

最高级定第一。排序信号词 The most important factor（最重要的因素）直接点出"排第一"，紧跟其后的 having friendly, supportive colleagues 就是答案。听到 the most important 这类最高级，就锁定它后面带出的那个对象。

• having friendly, supportive colleagues↔Having friendly colleagues.删修饰留同义

• A)原词陷阱录音说 The second most important factor was having work that is enjoyable，Doing enjoyable work. 确被提到，但它是"第二重要"，题目问"第一"，盗用 enjoyable work 这个原词来骗"听到就选"。

  借用原文：The second most important factor was having work that is enjoyable

• C)与原文相反录音明说 The two least important factors were … earning a competitive salary，薪水是"最不重要"之一，选项 Earning a competitive salary. 却被摆来当"第一"，方向正好相反。

  借用原文：The two least important factors were having one's achievements recognized and rather surprisingly, earning a competitive salary

• D)张冠李戴排第一的是"同事"colleagues，Working for supportive bosses. 借用了原文 supportive 这个词，却把对象从"同事"偷换成"老板"，是张冠李戴。

  借用原文：having friendly, supportive colleagues

What is the percentage of the people surveyed who felt unhappy at work?

转折后接目标数据。转折词 However 把句子分成两半：前半 25% … very happy 说开心的人，后半 20% of employees … unhappy 才是"不开心"的人。题目问 unhappy，要取转折后的 20%。

• 20% of employees described themselves as being unhappy↔20%.数字直接对应

• A)未提及31% 在整段录音里根本没出现过，纯属凑数干扰，没有任何原文支撑。
• C)原词陷阱录音 25% … described themselves as very happy at work，25% 说的是"很开心"的人，25%. 盗用了这个真被念到的数字，却答非所问——题目问的是"不开心"的人。

  借用原文：25% of the working people interviewed described themselves as very happy at work

• D)原词陷阱73% 来自第2段 73% people interviewed put their relationship with colleagues as the key factor，说的是把同事关系当首要因素的人，与"不开心"无关，是远处搬来的原词陷阱。

  借用原文：73% people interviewed put their relationship with colleagues as the key factor

What kind of companies are popular with employees?

偏好词prefer点题。偏好信号 People definitely prefer working for smaller organizations 里的 prefer（更偏爱）直接点出受欢迎的类型是"较小的公司"，加重词 definitely 进一步强调。听到 prefer 就锁定其后的特征。

• smaller organizations or companies with less than 100 staff↔Those of a small size.具体数概括为小

• B)原词陷阱录音确有 women were happier in their work than men，但说的是"女性比男性更开心"，并非"女性经营的公司受欢迎"。Those run by women. 盗用 women 这个词，偷换成了"公司由女性经营"。

  借用原文：women were happier in their work than men

• C)未提及"管理得好"听起来天然正确，但全段并未说员工偏爱管理好的公司，Those that are well managed. 是凭常识想当然、原文无据。
• D)未提及录音从未提到"员工技能高的公司"，Those full of skilled workers. 无任何原文支撑，属凭空编造。

What is the possible reason for people on part-time contracts to be happier?

因果due to给原因。因果信号 this is probably due to a better work-life balance 里的 due to（由于）直接点出原因。题干的 possible reason 正对应原文的 probably due to，听到 due to 就锁定其后的内容为答案。

• a better work-life balance↔They can better balance work and life.名词化转动词句

• A)未提及录音从没说兼职者"换工作容易"，They can hop from job to job easily. 是凭"兼职=灵活"的常识想象出来的，原文无据。
• B)原词陷阱"获得认可"对应的是第2段 having one's achievements recognized，且那里说它是最不重要的因素之一，与"兼职者为何更开心"毫不相干，是远处搬来的原词陷阱。

  借用原文：The two least important factors were having one's achievements recognized

• D)过度推断录音说的是兼职者每天 only work 4 or 5 hours a day（工时短），从未说他们"兼好几份工"。They can take on more than one job. 把"工时少"曲解成"工作多"，方向相反且原文无此意。

  借用原文：workers on part-time contracts who only work 4 or 5 hours a day

What does the man say about the book Moments Before the Flood?

受访者给作品定性的句子。对话题答案在被问者的应答里。男士在介绍这本书来历时，用 became the subject of a large-scale photo project 给作品做了归类——"摄影项目"这个定性就是答案信号，它直接回答了"这是一本什么书"。

• photo project↔a collection of photos"摄影项目"="照片集"，同义概括

• A)原词陷阱原文确实多次提到欧洲历史 rich in history，但那是说海岸"历史悠久"，并非说这本书是历史书；选项 a book of European history 拿"history"这个真听到的词来诱选，答非所问。

  借用原文：rich in history

• B)原词陷阱原文出现 the concert hall of the city of Bruges(音乐厅)、concert season，选项 an introduction to music 借"concert/音乐"这层听到的字眼诱你以为书与音乐有关，但音乐厅只是他接活拍照的地点，书本身与音乐无关。

  借用原文：the concert hall of the city of Bruges

• C)原词陷阱原文出现 the city of Bruges，选项 about the city of Bruges 直接搬这个地名诱选，但 Bruges 只是邀请他拍照的城市，书的内容是海岸/海洋，并非"写布鲁日这座城"。

  借用原文：the city of Bruges

When did the man get his idea for the work?

时间状语 In 2006 + when…引出的事件。受访者用 In 2006, when the concert hall…asked me to take some pictures for a catalogue 这个明确的时间+事件状语，交代了想法萌芽的时刻——"为音乐会目录拍照"这件事，正是答案信号。

• take some pictures for a catalogue for a new concert season↔taking pictures for a concert catalogue"为音乐会季目录拍照"="拍音乐会目录的照片"，详述↔概括

• A)原词陷阱原文有 the concert hall of the city of Bruges，选项 When painting the concert hall of Bruges. 把这个真听到的"布鲁日音乐厅"搬来，却把动作偷换成 painting(绘画)——他做的是拍照不是画画，动作错了。

  借用原文：the concert hall of the city of Bruges

• B)未提及想法产生于2006年为音乐会目录拍照、沿比利时海岸工作时，原文从未说他在"意大利海滨城市度假"；选项 When vacationing in an Italian coastal city. 利用后文出现的意大利城市 Venice 让人误以为想法起于那里，实则未提。
• D)原词陷阱原文是 working along the Belgian coastline(沿比利时海岸拍照工作)，选项 When writing about Belgium's coastal regions. 借"比利时海岸"这个真听到的地点，却把动作换成 writing(写作)——他是拍照不是写文章，且想法起于拍照那件事。

  借用原文：working along the Belgian coastline

What will happen when the climate catastrophe occurs?

断言式后果句 it's a matter of time before…。男士用 it's a matter of time before the entire European coastline disappears under water 这种"早晚会发生"的强断言，直接给出灾难后果——"整条欧洲海岸线没入水下"，这就是答案信号。

• the entire European coastline disappears under water↔The entire European coastline will be submerged."没入水下"="被淹没"，主被动+同义词替换

• B)过度推断原文说海岸 rich in history(历史悠久)，选项 The rich heritage of Europe will be lost completely. 借"rich/history"这层听到的字眼，却把后果夸成"欧洲的丰富遗产将彻底丧失"——原文只说海岸线会被淹，没说"遗产完全消失"，completely 是过度推断。

  借用原文：rich in history

• C)未提及原文讲的是海岸线被海水淹没，选项 The seawater of Europe will be seriously polluted. 借"sea/water"的听感联想到"海水污染"，但原文从头到尾说的是"淹没"不是"污染"，属无中生有。
• D)偷换概念原文是 the entire European coastline disappears under water(整条海岸线没入水下)，选项 The major European scenic spots will disappear. 借真听到的 disappear，却把范围从"整条海岸线"偷换成"主要景点"——范围被改小，主语对不上。

  借用原文：the entire European coastline disappears under water

What does the man say about Venice?

地名 Venice 后紧跟的描述句。受访者点出 Venice 后，紧接着 every morning wooden pathways have to be set up to allow tourists to reach their hotels 这句具体描述，就是对威尼斯说法的答案信号——听到地名后第一句描述往往就是考点。

• every morning wooden pathways have to be set up to allow tourists to reach their hotels↔Tourists use wooden paths to reach their hotels in the morning."架木板路供游客到酒店"="游客走木板路到酒店"，被动↔主动改写

• A)偷换概念原文说威尼斯 eternally threatened by the sea(永远受海洋威胁)，选项 Its waterways are being increasingly polluted. 借"sea/water"的听感把"受海威胁"偷换成"水道日益被污染"——威胁来自海水上涨/淹没，不是污染，概念被换。

  借用原文：eternally threatened by the sea

• B)未提及原文讲威尼斯靠架木板路让游客到酒店，并没说"人们离了船就出不了门"；选项 People cannot get around without using boats. 利用大家对水城"出行靠船"的常识诱选，原文根本没提船。
• C)原词陷阱原文出现 tourists(游客)，选项 It attracts large numbers of tourists from home and abroad. 借这个真听到的词编出"吸引大量国内外游客"，但原文只说游客需走木板路到酒店，从未说它"吸引大量游客"，答非所问。

  借用原文：tourists

What do some people do when they face a new situation?

开头点题句。本句是篇章第一句，开门见山概括 some people 的做法，some people tend to rehearse their defeat 直接对应题干里的 some people，是典型的开头点题答案句。

• spending too much time anticipating the worst↔spend too much time anticipating their defeatthe worst 等于 defeat
• rehearse their defeat↔anticipating their defeat预演失败即预想失败

• A)与原文相反make careful preparation beforehand 说的是认真准备，与原文 rehearse their defeat（预演失败）方向相反；原文批评的正是这种消极心态，A 反而把它说成积极准备。
• B)未提及take too many irrelevant factors into account 说考虑太多无关因素，原文谈的是预想最坏结果，从没提 irrelevant factors，属凭空添加。
• D)原词陷阱try hard to avoid getting off on the wrong foot 借用了 avoid（避免）这类负面应对的语感，听着像在讲应对新情境，但原文 some people 的做法是预想失败，不是努力避免开局不顺，答非所问。

  借用原文：tend to rehearse their defeat

What does the research conducted at Stanford University show?

research shows 引出结论。Research conducted at Stanford University shows 是明确的研究引出语，其后的 a mental image fires the nervous system the same way as actually doing something 即研究结论，正是答案句。

• a mental image fires the nervous system the same way as actually doing something↔Thinking has the same effect on the nervous system as doing意象激发即想的效果

• A)原词陷阱A person's nervous system is more complicated than imagined 盗用了原文反复出现的 nervous system，但原文从没说神经系统更复杂，研究讲的是想与做效果相同，答非所问。

  借用原文：fires the nervous system the same way

• B)张冠李戴Golfers usually have positive mental images of themselves 借用了原文 golfer 和 mental image 两个原词，但原文的高尔夫例子讲的是球员想着别下水反而下水（负面），不是说球员有积极意象，张冠李戴。

  借用原文：when a golfer tells himself "Don't hit the ball into the water," his mind sees the image of the ball flying into the water

• C)过度推断Mental images often interfere with athletes' performance 套用了 mental image，听着像在讲意象影响表现，但研究结论是想与做效果相同，并未说意象干扰运动员表现，超出原文。

  借用原文：a mental image fires the nervous system

What advice does the speaker give to people in a stressful situation?

建议句 focus only on。focus only on what you want to have happen 是祈使式的劝告句，前面还有 Consequently 收束全段、before going into any stressful situation 正对应题干 stressful situation，是明确的建议答案句。

• focus only on what you want to have happen↔Picture themselves succeeding想要发生的即成功画面

• A)与原文相反Anticipate possible problems 是预想问题，恰是原文批评的 anticipating the worst 那种负面做法；作者建议的是专注想要发生的事，A 取了被否定的一面。

  借用原文：spending too much time anticipating the worst

• B)原词陷阱Make a list of do's and don'ts 借用了原文 the "don'ts" syndrome 里的 don'ts，但原文把 don'ts 当作要避免的负面目标设定来批评，并没建议去列 do 和 don't 清单，答非所问。

  借用原文：the "don'ts" syndrome, a form of negative goal setting

• D)张冠李戴Try to appear more professional 借用了下一段律师说的 I want to look professional and self-assured 里的 professional，但那是律师的目标、不是作者给所有压力情境者的建议，张冠李戴。

  借用原文：I want to look professional and self-assured

What do we learn about the lawyer in the court?

例子收尾结论句。the young lawyer did win 是整个律师例子的收尾，did 还加重了语气强调真的赢了，正是对律师结果的明确交代，是答案句。

• the young lawyer did win↔She won her first jury trialdid win 即赢了官司

• A)原词陷阱She wore a designer dress 说她穿名牌裙，原文 positive dress rehearsal 里的 dress 是 dress rehearsal（彩排、预演）的一部分，根本不指穿裙子，属凭原词误解的臆造。

  借用原文：this positive dress rehearsal

• C)与原文相反She did not speak loud enough 说她声音不够响，原文恰恰相反，她想象 projecting her voice, so it could be heard from the judge's bench to the back door（声音洪亮到全场可闻），极性反了。

  借用原文：projecting her voice, so it could be heard from the judge's bench to the back door

• D)原词陷阱She presented moving pictures 借用了原文反复出现的 picture / image，但原文里 picture 指脑中想象的画面，不是她在庭上展示动人图片，答非所问。

  借用原文：your mind responds to pictures

What does the new study tell about adding fiber to the teen diet?

结论标志 Research now says。答案句以 Research now says（研究表明）领起，这是篇章里抛出核心结论的信号词；一段科普开头出现『研究表明……』，紧跟的就是全篇要论证的主张，正是本题答案所在。

• lower the risk of breast cancer↔avoid developing breast cancer降低风险=帮助避免
• adding fiber to the teen diet may help↔It helps peoplemay help=helps

• A)未提及A 说 long-term effects are yet to be proved（长期效果尚待证明），但录音从头到尾在肯定纤维的好处、并说研究已证实，从未说效果『未被证明』，属凭空捏造的反向说法。
• B)与原文相反B 说健康益处被 overestimated（高估），而录音通篇强调纤维益处真实有据，态度恰好相反；它盗用了全篇的 fiber、health 主题词来制造『好像在评价纤维』的错觉。

  借用原文：the benefits of fiber

• D)原词陷阱D 说让 patients with diabetes to recover sooner（糖尿病患者更快康复）。录音末尾确实念到 diabetes，但只说高纤饮食与『降低糖尿病风险』相关，绝没说让糖尿病人『更快康复』；它盗用 diabetes 这个原词，把主线乳腺癌偷换成糖尿病来骗『听到原词就选』。

  借用原文：a reduced risk of heart disease and diabetes

What do we learn about the survey of the 44,000 women?

调查设计直述句。答案句紧跟 a study of 44,000 women 之后，直接交代『调查了她们 high school 时期的饮食、并追踪二十年』，是描述调查做法的直述句；数字 44,000 一出，后面这句就是细节落点。

• surveyed about their diets during high school↔tracked their eating habits since their adolescencehigh school=adolescence
• tracked for two decades↔tracked原词 tracked 复现

• A)偷换概念A 说聚焦 young adulthood（成年初期）的生活方式。录音调查的是 high school（青春期）阶段，不是成年初期；它利用考生分不清 young adulthood 与 adolescence 来偷换时间点。

  借用原文：during high school

• B)原词陷阱B 说追踪了她们 change in food preferences（口味偏好的变化）二十年。录音确实念到 two decades，B 盗用这个时长制造熟悉感，但追踪的是 eating habits（饮食习惯）而非『口味偏好的改变』，对象被偷换。

  借用原文：tracked for two decades

• C)未提及C 说聚焦女性与男性在 fiber intake 上的差异。录音的调查对象只有 44,000 名女性，根本没拿男性来比较纤维摄入；这是凭空添加的男女对比。

What explanation does the speaker offer for the research finding?

解释信号 explain。答案句里 which could explain the reduced risk 直接用 explain（解释）点明这是对结果的原因说明，前半句 fiber may reduce circulating female hormone levels 就是给出的机制；explain 一词就是定位本题的信号。

• fiber may reduce circulating female hormone levels↔Fiber may help to reduce hormones in the body.降激素水平=降激素

• B)原词陷阱B 说纤维 bring more benefits to women than men（对女性益处多于男性）。录音末尾确实提到 women…25 grams…men even more，B 盗用这处男女对比，但本题问『为什么能降风险』的机制，男女谁受益多答非所问。

  借用原文：women are told to eat 25 grams of fiber a day-men even more

• C)偷换概念C 说纤维改善 heart muscles（心肌）功能。录音只说高纤饮食与『降低心脏病风险』相关，从没说改善心肌功能；它把 heart disease 的 heart 偷换成 heart muscles 的机制说法。

  借用原文：a reduced risk of heart disease and diabetes

• D)原词陷阱D 说纤维让 blood circulation more smooth（血液循环更顺畅）。录音解释机制时只讲降低激素水平，circulating 是修饰 hormone 的『循环的激素』，并非说改善血液循环；D 利用 circulating 这个词造出录音没说的说法。

  借用原文：fiber may reduce circulating female hormone levels

What is the speaker currently doing?

开篇自报研究的点题句。录音一开口就用 my current research is really about consumer behavior 点明当前研究主题，current 与题干 currently 直接对应，是说话人自报家门的点题句，独白体裁里这种开篇定调句最常承载第一题答案。

• my current research is really about consumer behavior↔Conducting research on consumer behavior.名词转动名词、意思不变

• A)原词陷阱录音第三段确有 Markets always change faster than marketing，A 项 Observing the changes in marketing. 借用了 marketing/change 这些原词，但那是说话人解释消费者行为为何要研究时的一句论断，不是他当前在做的事，听到 marketing、change 就选就中了原词陷阱。

  借用原文：Markets always change faster than marketing

• C)原词陷阱C 项 Studying the hazards of young people drinking. 借用了 young people's drinking 这个原词，青年饮酒只是说话人在消费者行为大主题下举的一个研究例子，且录音并未把它定性为 hazards（危害），把它当成他当前研究的全部是以偏概全、答非所问。

  借用原文：young people's drinking

• D)原词陷阱D 项 Investigating the impact of media on government. 拼用了录音里的 media 与 government 两个原词，但录音说的是 how older people are represented in the media（老年人在媒体中如何被呈现）以及青年饮酒是 a major concern to government，从未研究『媒体对政府的影响』，这是把两个原词强凑成一个根本没说过的因果关系。

  借用原文：how older people are represented in the media

What has the speaker found about young people's drinking?

I've identified 引出的发现判定句。录音用 one of the things that I've identified is that drinking … is all about the social activity 给出明确发现，identified 与题干 found 同义、is all about 是下定性的强判定结构，正是这句把饮酒定性为社交，是答案落点。

• drinking for people, say, between the ages of 18 and 24 is all about the social activity↔It is an act of socialising.social activity 同义改写为 act of socialising

• A)未提及A 项 It is the cause of many street riots. 是凭『青年喝酒』的刻板印象联想出来的负面后果，录音里既没出现 riots，也从未说饮酒导致骚乱，属于录音根本没提的内容。
• B)张冠李戴B 项 It is a chief concern of parents. 借用了录音 a major concern to government 的 concern 一词，却把担忧的主体由 government（政府）偷换成 parents（家长），主体一换就成了张冠李戴。

  借用原文：a major concern to government

• C)过度推断C 项 It is getting worse year by year. 是从『政府很担忧』过度推断出的恶化趋势，但录音只说它是 concern、是 social activity，从未说饮酒一年比一年严重，year by year 的趋势是录音没有的推断。

What does the speaker say that his students did last year?

last year 时间词直接对应题干。录音里 last year my students spent a week looking at their own purchasing 的 last year 与题干 last year 逐字对应，spent a week 又与某选项的 a week 呼应，是顺时间词即可锁定的答案句。

• spent a week looking at their own purchasing↔They spent a week studying their own purchasing behavior.looking at 同义为 studying，purchasing 扩为 purchasing behavior

• B)原词陷阱B 项 They researched the impact of mobile phones on young people. 借用了录音 mobile phone providers 的 mobile phone 一词，但原文只是说学生分析自己购买行为时涉及与手机运营商的关系，并非研究『手机对青年的影响』，研究对象被偷换。

  借用原文：mobile phone providers

• C)原词陷阱C 项 They analysed their family budgets over the years. 拼用了录音里的 budgets 与 years，但原文 helped them identify just what kind of budgets they had 说的是这次活动顺带帮学生看清自己的预算，并非『多年来分析家庭预算』，family、over the years 都是凑出来的。

  借用原文：helped them identify just what kind of budgets they had

• D)原词陷阱D 项 They conducted a thorough research on advertising. 借用了录音 how consumers are presented in advertising 的 advertising，但广告是说话人课堂教学讨论的内容，去年学生具体做的研究是审视自己的购买行为，把课堂内容当成学生去年所做的研究是张冠李戴。

  借用原文：how consumers are presented in advertising

What do we learn about Sweden?

转折 but 后才是真意。这句以 but 把语义拐了向：前半 the first European country to print and use paper money 是背景铺垫，转折后的 it may soon do away with physical currencies 才是录音真正要点出的关于瑞典的现状，答案落在 but 之后。

• it may soon do away with physical currencies↔It is likely to give up paper money in the near future.do away with = give up，soon = near future

• A)未提及录音讲银行好处时提到省钱、避监管，但没说瑞典在帮银行 improve efficiency，"提升效率"是把"省钱避麻烦"过度引申，原文未提。
• B)原词陷阱录音确实念到 dirty money，但那是说改用无现金系统能"避免"脏钱，并非说瑞典在"努力清除"脏钱，选项 trying hard to do away with dirty money 借这个原词制造"听到就想选"，实则答非所问。

  借用原文：they can also avoid bank robberies, theft, and dirty money

• C)与原文相反录音说瑞典是 the first European country to print and use paper money（第一个用纸币），选项 the first country to use credit cards 保留了 the first 这个最高级框架，却把 paper money 换成 credit cards，并把范围从 European 扩成 in the world，与原文不符。

  借用原文：Sweden was the first European country to print and use paper money

What did Claer Barrett want to find out with her experiment?

find out if 后即验证目标。录音用 wanted to find out if 直接挑明实验目的，紧跟其后的 the absence of physical currency does indeed cause a person to spend more 就是她要验证的命题，这是答案句的明确信号。

• the absence of physical currency does indeed cause a person to spend more↔Whether the absence of physical currency causes a person to spend more.几乎同句，仅去掉 does indeed

• A)答非所问选项 travel without carrying any physical currency 虽与火车那段"很多人没带现金"沾边，但那是实验过程中的插曲，并非她想"验证"的命题，答非所问。

  借用原文：many of the passengers were traveling without cash

• B)原词陷阱录音确实念到 hard to predict how much cash one is going to need，但那是实验的"结果/发现"，不是她一开始"想验证"的命题；选项 predict how much money one is going to spend 借 predict 这个原词把发现偷换成目的。

  借用原文：it is incredibly hard to predict how much cash one is going to need

• D)偷换概念录音里 less a feature of our everyday lives 出现过 everyday life，选项 affect everyday life 借此把验证目标放大成"是否影响日常生活"，比她实际要验证的"是否让人花更多"范围大得多。

  借用原文：less a feature of our everyday lives

What did Claer Barrett find on her train ride?

announcement 引出关键事件。there was an announcement that 引出火车上发生的关键事件 the restaurant car was not currently accepting credit cards，后一句 because many of the passengers were traveling without cash 解释了为何引发抱怨，事件落点清晰。

• the restaurant car was not currently accepting credit cards↔The restaurant car accepted cash only.不收信用卡 = 只收现金

• A)与原文相反录音说的是餐车 not currently accepting credit cards（只是不收卡），并非 no food service（没有餐食服务）；餐车照常营业，只是付款方式受限，与"没有餐食"相反。

  借用原文：the restaurant car was not currently accepting credit cards

• B)未提及录音只说餐车不收信用卡、乘客抱怨，没有评价 service on the train was not good（服务好不好）；抱怨是因为没带现金付不了，不是因为服务差。
• D)张冠李戴录音第 3 段提到她 still finding cash stuffed in her trouser pockets and the pockets of her handbags，handbag 与 cash 出现过，但说的是"手袋里还塞着现金"，并非 cash in her handbag was missing（手袋里的现金不见了），更不在火车那段。

  借用原文：she was still finding cash stuffed in her trouser pockets and the pockets of her handbags

How did people of the last generation budget their spending?

budget by 后即方法动作。budget by putting money into envelopes 用 by 直接点出方法动作，是这道"问方式"题的答案信号；其后 put them in envelopes 进一步坐实"装信封"这一做法。

• budget by putting money into envelopes↔By putting money into envelopes.几乎原句保留

• B)原词陷阱录音念到 they knew what they had to spend week by week，week by week 是"按周心里有数"的结果，并非 drawing money week by week（按周取钱）这个动作；选项借 week by week 这个原词制造"听到就想选"，实则把方法说错了。

  借用原文：so they knew what they had to spend week by week

• C)过度推断装信封的结果是控制了花销，但录音的方法是"放进信封"，并非直接说 limiting their day-to-day spending（限制日常开支）这种笼统做法；这是把具体方法过度概括成一个泛泛说法。
• D)原词陷阱录音说上一代用信封管钱，contrast 的是 nowadays, we're all on credit cards（如今我们都刷信用卡），但并没有说他们"拒绝任何赊账"；refusing to buy anything on credit 是借 credit 这个原词凭空安给上一代的做法。

  借用原文：we're all on credit cards

What is one of the problems the speaker mentions in his talk?

举例罗列问题的首项。讲者用 so let's start with a few problems 开启问题清单，紧接着 a billion people are chronically hungry 就是罗列的第一个问题，这种以 start with / a few problems 引出的并列举例，每一项都是答案候选，chronically hungry 正是其中一项。

• a billion people are chronically hungry↔Chronic hunger.形容词短语改名词短语

• A)原词陷阱全篇主题是人口（population），考生易把 Population explosion.（人口爆炸）当成必然提到的问题，但录音从未说人口爆炸，讲的是 aging of the population（人口老龄化）和具体困境，A 属听到 population 就想选的原词陷阱。

  借用原文：the aging of the population

• C)原词陷阱Extinction of rare species.（珍稀物种灭绝）里 species 在第三段确实念到，但那是讲 demography 也研究非人类物种，并非把物种灭绝列为问题；C 盗用 species 一词张冠李戴。

  借用原文：the populations of non-human species

• D)未提及Environmental deterioration.（环境恶化）是谈人口最容易联想到的问题，很合常识，但录音列举的问题是饥饿、贫民窟、文盲、意外怀孕，从未提环境恶化，属于凭常识脑补的未提及项。

What does the speaker say about pregnancies?

锚词 pregnancies 直接出现。答案句直接念出题目锚词 about half of all pregnancies globally are unintended，且带量化词 about half，正是预读时预备要记的比例数字，听到 pregnancies 配 half 即可锁定。

• about half of all pregnancies globally are unintended↔About half of them are unintended.近乎同形＋代词替换

• A)过度推断They contribute to overpopulation. 把意外怀孕推向导致人口过剩，是常识联想；录音只说一半怀孕是意外，从未说怀孕导致人口过剩，且 overpopulation 一词录音也没出现，属脑补的因果。
• C)与原文相反录音明说 This is not only a problem in developing countries，意思是问题没被局限、没被解决；They have been brought under control.（已被控制）与之相反，录音传达的恰是问题仍普遍存在。

  借用原文：This is not only a problem in developing countries

• D)偷换概念The majority of them tend to end halfway. 把 half（一半）偷换成 majority（大多数），又把 unintended（意外）换成 end halfway（半途结束），数字和论断都被改，录音没有半途结束这一说。

How does the speaker view the study of the populations?

结尾总结定性句。讲者在末段以 I see demography as a central subject 起评，再用 to improve the well being … of other species with whom we share the planet 收束，这种 I see … as / the means to 的总结定性正是态度题的答案落点。

• improve the well being not only of yourself … but of people around you and of other species with whom we share the planet↔It is essential to the wellbeing of all species on earth.列举范围概括为 all species
• I see demography as a central subject↔It is essentialcentral 与 essential 同义定性

• B)原词陷阱It is becoming a subject of interdisciplinary research. 借录音里 demography is … related to economics 的跨学科气息编出 interdisciplinary research，但讲者只说它与经济学相关，从未说它正成为一门跨学科研究的对象，是原词联想的拼凑。

  借用原文：a central subject related to economics

• C)张冠李戴developing countries 在第二段确实念到（not only a problem in developing countries），但那是讲意外怀孕，不是讲人口研究被忽视；neglected in many of the developing countries 把该地点词挪来安到研究头上，张冠李戴。

  借用原文：not only a problem in developing countries

• D)偷换概念录音开头讲 taking a course in demography in college，是劝大学生选修；It is beginning to attract postgraduates' attention. 把 college 学生悄悄换成 postgraduates（研究生），且讲者问的是看法而非谁在关注，属偷换加未提及。

  借用原文：taking a course in demography in college