英语六级真题中的插入语

Although not technically reforestation, agroforestry (a system of land use in which harvestable trees or shrubs are grown among or around crops or on pasture land, as a means of preserving or enhancing the productivity of the land) provides an opportunity for small-holder farmers to sustain their livelihoods while adding some forest cover to their farms.

尽管严格来说并不属于重新造林，但农林复合经营（即在农作物之间、周围，或牧场上种植可采收的树木或灌木，以保持或提高土地生产力的一种土地利用方式）为小农户提供了维持生计的机会，同时还能增加其农场的森林覆盖。

Contrary to the perception that he works under a mango tree in a tropical haven, Adams says the reality of this life means that he often ends up staying in more western style places in globalised cities—ones that are sure to have air conditioning and a decent connection—rather than exotic beachfront cafés.

与人们以为他在热带天堂的芒果树下工作的印象相反，亚当斯表示，这种生活的现实是，他最终往往会住在全球化城市中更具西方风格的地方——那里肯定有空调，网络连接也足够稳定——而不是待在充满异域风情的海滨咖啡馆里。

Hard evidence suggests, if you want your child to do well in life, the earlier you can start trying to teach them inhibition and self-discipline, the better," says Whitebread, pointing to research that has shown people in prison frequently have poor impulse control, a personality trait that can affect relationships and long-term health.

“有充分证据表明，如果你希望孩子将来过得顺利，那么越早开始尝试培养他们的抑制力和自律能力，就越好。”怀特布雷德说。他指出，研究显示，监狱中的人往往冲动控制能力较差，而这种人格特质可能会影响人际关系和长期健康。

There are parts of the banking sector that will always be prone to risk, but many bankers have come to feel immune to its potential impact, because they presume that, however recklessly banks behave, governments will always be there to bail them out.

银行业中总有一些领域容易遭受风险，但许多银行家逐渐觉得自己可以免受风险潜在影响，因为他们认为，无论银行的行为多么鲁莽，政府总会出手纾困。

The Turing test was conceived, you may recall, as a way of enabling humans to determine whether a machine could respond in such a way that one couldn't tell whether it was a human or a robot.

图灵测试被构想出来，你可能记得，是作为一种使人类能够确定一台机器是否能以一种让人无法辨别它是人还是机器人的方式做出回应的手段。

Prof Azam-Ali explains that just four crops—wheat, maize, rice and soybean—provide two-thirds of the world's food supply.

Azam-Ali教授解释说，仅仅四种作物——小麦、玉米、水稻和大豆——提供了世界粮食供应的三分之二。

The delicious scent of bread, for example, can act like a time machine.

例如，面包的美味气味可以像一台时间机器一样发挥作用。

On one very rough ferry crossing, on the route to the Isles of Scilly, for example, my traveling companion spent the entire 3-hour-ride throwing up in the bathroom, while I dozed happily on a plastic chair.

例如，在前往锡利群岛的航线上，有一次非常颠簸的渡轮航程中，我的旅伴在浴室里吐了整整3个小时，而我却在塑料椅子上幸福地打着瞌睡。

It is speculated to have been invented by the imagination of the said anonymous author at the Athens Weekly Banner in the aforementioned 1890 front page article titled "Deeded to Itself", which by the way contained several elements that are much more easily proved to be false.

据推测，它是由上述《雅典每周旗帜报》那位匿名作者在1890年的上述头版文章《Deeded to Itself》中凭借想象力发明的，顺便说一下，该文章包含几个更容易被证明是虚假的元素。

Darwin's theory has even been summarized as "survival of the fittest"—a phrase Darwin himself never used—further highlighting competition's role in success.

达尔文的理论甚至被概括为“适者生存”——一个达尔文本人从未使用的短语——进一步凸显了竞争在成功中的作用。

Some—like an ancient Roman ship found off Antikythera, Greece, dated between 70 and 60 BC and carrying astonishingly sophisticated gears and dials for navigating by the sun—are critical to a new understanding of our past.

有些——比如在希腊安提基特拉岛附近发现的一艘古罗马船只，其年代可追溯至公元前70年至60年之间，并携带有用于通过太阳导航的极其复杂的齿轮和刻度盘——对我们理解过去有重要意义。

The desert, however, is overflowing with life, mystery, and magic.

然而，沙漠中充满了生命、神秘和魔力。

One such society was the Zuni Indians of Arizona, and they, Mead found, valued cooperation far more than competition.

一个这样的社会是亚利桑那州的祖尼印第安人，而且米德发现，他们重视合作远胜过竞争。

They try to be perfect, in other words, at no longer being perfect.

他们努力做到完美，换句话说，不再追求完美。

Large institutions, I believe, are particularly ill-suited to this type of education.

我认为，大型机构特别不适合这种类型的教育。

We have learned to worry about asteroids(小行星) and super volcanoes, but the more likely scenario, according to Nick Bostrom, a professor of philosophy at Oxford, is that we humans will destroy ourselves.

我们已经学会担心小行星和超级火山，但是根据牛津大学哲学教授Nick Bostrom的说法，更可能的情景是我们人类将毁灭我们自己。

"Dr. Apa is patient," he says, "At government hospitals, the doctors treat us very badly, but here they listen to us, I can repeat myself many times and no one gets annoyed."

"阿帕医生很有耐心，"他说，"在政府医院，医生们对我们非常不好，但在这里他们听我们说话，我可以重复自己很多次，没有人会生气。"

However, it's not just factories that are seeing losses—software and information technology are also having a dramatic impact on jobs most people think are secure from the forces of a rapidly-changing economy.

然而，不仅仅是工厂正在遭受损失——软件和信息技术也正在对大多数人认为不受快速变化的经济力量影响的工作产生巨大影响。

Although procedures are designed to guide and support employees' work, employees, it seems, can't always be expected to comply with procedures that are not seen as useful.

尽管程序被设计用来指导和支持员工的工作，但似乎不能总是期望员工遵守那些不被视为有用的程序。

However, after a lifetime of moving within the circles of power, he was unable to break with authority, and served Mussolini faithfully (as president of Italy's national research council and royal academy, as well as a member of the Fascist Grand Council) until the day he died—conveniently—in 1937, shortly before he would have had to take a stand in the conflict that consumed a world that he had, in part, created.

然而，在权力圈子里周旋了一生之后，他无法与权威决裂，并且一直忠诚地为墨索里尼效力（担任意大利国家研究委员会主席和皇家学院院长，以及法西斯大委员会成员），直到他——凑巧地——于1937年去世的那一天，也就是在他不得不就那场吞噬了一个部分由他造就的世界的冲突表明立场前不久。

The US Department of Agriculture provides an Urban Agriculture Toolkit and, according to a recent report, American millennials(千禧一代) are changing their diets.

美国农业部提供了一个城市农业工具包，并且，根据最近的一份报告，美国千禧一代正在改变他们的饮食习惯。

Just as in the myth, technology—first fire and stone tools, and later farming, the steam engine and industry, fossil fuels, chemicals and nuclear power—has allowed us to alter and control the natural world.

正如在神话中那样，技术——首先是火与石器，后来是农业、蒸汽机与工业、化石燃料、化学品和核能——已经允许我们去改变和控制自然界。

Our world is full of—mostly untold—stories of slow hope, driven by the idea that change is possible.

我们的世界充满了——大多是未被讲述的——缓慢希望的故事，由改变是可能的这一想法驱动。

If they can "win" the game—dismissing every suggestion until their interlocutor(对话者) gives up in annoyance—they get to feel pleasurably righteous(正当的) in their resentments and excused from any obligation to change.

如果他们能“赢得”这场游戏——驳回每一个建议，直到他们的对话者恼怒地放弃——他们就会在怨恨中感到愉快的正当性，并免除任何改变的义务。

But these, I think, can be divided into two groups: the education of science and the further understanding of science.

但我认为，这些可以分为两组：科学教育和对科学的进一步理解。

In August, 173 marine scientists signed an open letter to the government saying they were "greatly concerned" that the proposals for the southwestern region had not been based on the "core science principles" of reserves—the protected regions were not, for instance, representative of all the habitats in the region, they said.

在八月，173名海洋科学家签署了一封给政府的公开信，信中说他们“非常担心”西南地区的提案没有基于保护区的“核心科学原则”——例如，他们说，这些受保护的区域并不代表该地区所有的栖息地。

As the ocean warms, a body of water called the Antarctic Polar Front—an upward movement of nutrient-rich sea that supports a huge abundance of marine life—is being pushed further south.

随着海洋变暖，一片被称为南极极锋的水域——一股富含营养的海水向上运动，支撑着大量海洋生物——正在被进一步推向南方。

A new study from Michigan State University, though, argues that all students—including high achievers—see a decline in performance when they browse the Internet during class for non-academic purposes.

不过，密歇根州立大学的一项新研究认为，所有学生——包括成绩优异者——在课堂上出于非学术目的浏览互联网时，其成绩会下降。

While this sounds undesirable, it can be quite good, says Polman.

虽然这听起来不受欢迎，但它可能相当好，波尔曼说。

The right college, I thought, was one with prestige, one with a name.

我认为，合适的大学是一所有声望的大学，一所有名气的大学。

Such findings, he says, suggest that "this network can be called on to process and store the kind of information taught in school—potentially giving students access to a range of untapped mental powers."

他说，这样的研究结果表明，“这个网络可以被调用以处理和存储学校教授的这类信息——有可能让学生获得一系列未被开发的心智能力。”

They are more likely to grow up in neighborhoods that their parents say aren't great for raising children, and their parents worry about them getting shot, beaten up or in trouble with the law.

他们更有可能在父母认为不适合抚养孩子的社区长大，并且他们的父母担心他们被枪击、被殴打或触犯法律。

Those who talked to themselves found the banana slightly faster than those who didn't, the researchers say.

研究人员称，那些自言自语的人比那些没有自言自语的人稍微快一点找到香蕉。

It's a solution for us—getting birds to do the work is cheap and effective—and it could give vulnerable oaks and pines the option to truly "make like a tree and leave."

这对我们来说是一种解决方案——让鸟类来做这项工作既便宜又有效——并且它可以给易受伤害的橡树和松树真正“像树一样离开”的选择。

The 83% of American employees who are stressed about their jobs—up from 73% just a year before—say that poor compensation and an unreasonable workload are their number-one sources of stress.

83%的美国员工——比一年前的73%有所上升——对他们的工作感到压力，他们说低薪酬和不合理的工作量是他们的首要压力来源。

Devils Tower, the first national monument in America, could almost be mistaken for the stump of an enormous tree.

魔鬼塔，美国第一个国家纪念碑，几乎可能被误认为是一棵巨大树木的树桩。

So now, the main challenge was to find the right material for printing clothes with, I mean the material you feed the printer with.

所以现在，主要的挑战是找到用于打印衣服的合适材料，我的意思是你放入打印机的那种材料。

Medical spending, which typically rises faster than wages and the overall economy, is propelled by two things: the high prices charged for medical services in this country and the volume of unnecessary care delivered by doctors and hospitals, which often perform a lot more tests and treatments than a patient really needs.

医疗支出，其通常比工资和整体经济增长更快，由两件事推动：这个国家医疗服务的高收费以及医生和医院提供的不必要护理的数量，医生和医院经常进行比患者实际需要多得多的检查和治疗。

Yet there are doubts whether people watching television, a "lean back" medium, crave interaction.

然而，对于观看电视这一“后仰式”媒介的人们是否渴望互动存在疑问。

One recent study attempted to calculate the extent of this "ecological overshoot of the human economy", and found that we are using 1.2 Earth's-worth of environmental goods and services—the implication being that at some point the debt will be called in, and all those services—the things which the planet does for us for free—will grind to a halt.

一项近期的研究试图计算这种“人类经济的生态透支”的程度，并发现我们正在使用相当于1.2个地球的环境资源和服务——这意味着在某个时刻，债务将会到期，而所有那些服务——即地球免费为我们提供的东西——将会戛然而止。

A recent study, conducted by Emory University's Erika Hall, found that "Black" people are viewed more negatively than "African Americans" because of a perceived difference in socioeconomic status.

埃默里大学的埃里卡·霍尔进行的一项近期研究发现，“黑人”比“非洲裔美国人”被看待得更负面，因为在社会经济地位方面存在一种被感知的差异。

It allows us to have perspective on our lives—the ability to not take ourselves too seriously, to laugh at ourselves, to see the bigger picture, and to see that things will work out.

它使我们能够对自己的生活有洞察力——不把自己太当回事、自嘲、看到更大的局面以及看到事情会解决的能力。

In particular, Arum and Roksa found, college students were not developing the critical thinking, analytic reasoning and other higher-level skills that are necessary to thrive in today's knowledge-based economy and to lead our nation in a time of complex challenges and dynamic change.

特别是，阿鲁姆和罗克萨发现，大学生没有发展批判性思维、分析推理和其他更高层次的技能，这些技能对于在当今知识型经济中茁壮成长以及在复杂挑战和动态变化的时代领导我们的国家是必要的。

The developing brain, the report says, is particularly vulnerable to the toxic effects of certain chemicals these products may contain, and the damage they cause can be permanent.

报告称，发育中的大脑尤其容易受到这些产品可能含有的某些化学物质的毒性影响，并且它们造成的损害可能是永久性的。

Casey, an expert in this field, suggests that the cooperation process within teams must be organized, promoted and managed.

凯西，这一领域的专家，建议团队内部的合作流程必须被组织、促进和管理。

"It seems crazy to me," says Gumbley, who is English, "that a cutting-edge technology country is depending on a 40-year-old technology."

"在我看来这很疯狂，"身为英国人的冈布利说，"一个尖端科技国家正依赖一项40年的旧技术。"

If so, you've probably pondered the question a psychologist, James Cutting, asked himself: How does a work of art come to be considered great?

如果是这样，你可能思考过心理学家詹姆斯·卡廷问自己的问题：一件艺术作品如何被认为是伟大的？

But anything that can increase farming efficiency—the amount of crops we can produce per acre of land—will be extremely useful.

但是任何能够提高农业效率——我们每英亩土地能够生产的作物数量——的事物都将是非常有用的。

As Princeton Professor Alan Blinder says, "She's smart as a whip, deeply logical, willing to argue but also a good listener. She can persuade without creating hostility."

正如普林斯顿大学教授艾伦·布林德所说：“她非常聪明，逻辑性强，愿意辩论但也善于倾听。她能够在不产生敌意的情况下进行说服。”

"Does nature return by itself?" asks Arnout Asjes, Land Life Company's chief technology officer, who oversees a mix of drone(无人机) and satellite imagery, big data analysis, soil enhancement, QR(二维码) tagging and site-specific tree configuration designs.

“大自然会自行恢复吗？”Land Life 公司首席技术官阿诺特·阿斯耶斯问道。他负责统筹无人机与卫星影像、大数据分析、土壤改良、二维码标记，以及针对具体地点设计的树木配置方案。