2020年9月·第1套 英语六级听力真题原文与答案解析

Why does the woman say she can be so energetic?

被问者的直接应答。男方上一句问她"哪来这么多精力"，女方紧接的应答 I just love what I do 就是答案句——对话题里，问句之后被问者的第一句正面回应往往就是落点。

• I just love what I do↔pursuing her passionlove what I do = pursuing her passion
• doing what I love doing↔devote all her life to pursuing her passion一生热爱 ↔ devote all her life

• B)原词陷阱Her accumulated expertise helps her to achieve her goals. 里的 expertise 来自后文第 6 段 no matter how much expertise they may already have，但那是在谈教学的好处，与"为何有精力"无关，是把别处原词搬来骗选。

  借用原文：no matter how much expertise they may already have

• C)张冠李戴She can spread her academic ideas on a weekly TV show. 的 weekly TV show 出自男方提问 you have your own weekly TV show on science，那只是介绍她的身份背景，并非她解释精力来源，张冠李戴。

  借用原文：you have your own weekly TV show on science

• D)未提及Her research findings are widely acclaimed in the world. 借了 research、world 这类访谈高频词，但全文从没说她的研究成果"广受赞誉"，属未提及，更答非"为何有精力"。

What has the woman been engaged in?

归并信号 divided into two groups。她用 can be divided into two groups 把零散事务收成两类，这种"归类"句正是回答"主要从事什么"的落点；冒号后两项就是答案核心。

• the education of science and the further understanding of science↔Science education and scientific researcheducation+understanding ↔ education+research

• A)原词陷阱Provision of guidance for nuclear labs in Europe. 借男方介绍里的 a senior advisor at the European Organization for Nuclear Research，但那只是她诸多身份之一，不是她对"从事什么"的总括，以偏概全。

  借用原文：a senior advisor at the European Organization for Nuclear Research

• B)原词陷阱Touring the globe to attend science TV shows. 把男方提到的 tour the globe tirelessly, giving talks 和 weekly TV show on science 两件事拼一起，既非她的归类、内容也被改装（去做讲座变成去上电视秀），原词陷阱。

  借用原文：tour the globe tirelessly, giving talks

• C)原词陷阱Overseeing two research groups at Oxford. 里的数字 two 与地名 Oxford 极具迷惑性，但原文只说她是 a professor of physics at the University of Oxford，从未提"管两个研究组"，数字属无中生有。

  借用原文：a professor of physics at the University of Oxford

What does the woman say about the benefit teaching brings to her?

受益句 helps me comprehend it better。她用 teaching a subject helps me comprehend it better myself 直说教学的好处，helps me 是受益标志句，答案就锁在这里。

• helps me comprehend it better↔A better understanding of a subjectcomprehend better = better understanding

• B)过度推断A stronger will to meet challenges. 看似呼应第 6 段 Teaching at a high level can be very stimulating，但 stimulating 指"令人有激情/受激励"，并非"更强的迎难意志"，属过度推断。

  借用原文：Teaching at a high level can be very stimulating

• C)偷换概念A broader knowledge of related fields. 借了她说的 furthers my own knowledge 里的 knowledge，但她讲的是同一学科理解"更深"，C 却改成相关领域"更广"，深被偷换成广。

  借用原文：it furthers my own knowledge

• D)未提及A closer relationship with young people. 像是从 aid others in understanding it 联想"帮助别人→拉近关系"，但原文谈的是教学增进她自己的理解，从未说"与年轻人关系更近"，未提及。

How does the woman say new scientific breakthroughs can be made possible?

现状落差暗示出路。她强调 right now we have too much data sitting in computers 却 nobody has had time to look at them——点出"数据已有、只是没人去用"的落差，言下之意突破靠把现有数据用起来。

• we have too much data sitting in computers↔making full use of the existing data已有大量数据 ↔ existing data
• nobody has had time to look at them with their own eyes, let alone analyze them↔making full use of the existing data没人去看分析 ↔ 该 full use

• A)未提及By applying the latest research methods. 听起来合理，但原文谈的是"数据已有、没人去看"，从未提"用最新研究方法"，无中生有。
• C)偷换概念By building upon previous discoveries. 像是呼应 there are constantly new things being discovered 里的 discovered，但她的重点是"用好已有数据"，不是"在前人发现上加盖"，借 discover 一词擦边偷换。

  借用原文：there are constantly new things being discovered

• D)原词陷阱By utilizing more powerful computers. 直接抄了录音里的 computers（data sitting in computers），但电脑在原文只是"数据存放处"，她从没说要"用更强的电脑"，听到 computers 就选正中圈套。

  借用原文：we have too much data sitting in computers

What do both speakers think of dreams?

被问者的直接应答。男方一开口就问"梦有无特殊含义"，女方 No, I don't think they do. 是直接应答，男方紧接 I don't either. 表示"我也不"，一问两答把双方立场都钉死，这正是答案句信号。

• No, I don't think they do.↔They have no special meanings.否定提问=否定其内容

• A)与原文相反They can predict future events. 抓的是录音 dreams could foresee the future，但那是男方转述"古人曾经相信"的旧观念，并被他用 much harder to believe in these sorts of things 否定，不是两人现在的看法。

  借用原文：people used to believe that dreams could foresee the future

• C)未提及They have cultural connotations. 听上去高级，但录音通篇没说梦有"文化内涵"，cultural connotations 是凭空添加，无任何对应句。
• D)答非所问They cannot be easily explained. 录音从未说梦"难以解释"；两人讨论的是梦有没有特殊含义，而非解释难度，与他们表达的看法不符。

Why didn't the woman's grandmother take her scheduled flight?

因果叙事链。女方先说 she dreamed that the flight… crashed（梦见坠机），紧接 She didn't take that flight.（于是没坐），前因后果一气呵成，"梦见坠机"就是没坐航班的原因，是本题答案信号。

• she dreamed that the flight she was due to take the following day crashed↔She dreamed of a plane crash.长句概括为短句

• A)未提及It was canceled due to bad weather. 录音从没提天气或航班被取消，是凭空编出的常见原因，无对应句。
• B)答非所问She overslept and missed the flight. 录音明说 She didn't take that flight.（主动选择不坐），而非睡过头错过；"主动不坐"和"被动错过"性质相反。
• D)原词陷阱It was postponed to the following day. 偷了录音里的原词 the following day，但原文 the following day 是说"她原本第二天要坐"，且她是改坐一周后的航班，根本不是航班被推迟到第二天。

  借用原文：the flight she was due to take the following day

What does the woman say about people's emotions?

让步转折后的主句。女方这句用 even if we think they are ridiculous（让步）退一步，真正要强调的是转折之后的主句 emotions can be just as powerful as rational thinking，让步从句是幌子、主句才是观点，正是答案信号。

• emotions can be just as powerful as rational thinking↔They can have an impact as great as rational thinking.powerful换成great impact

• A)张冠李戴They can be affected by people's childhood experiences. 蹭的是后文 children's dreams 里的"孩子"印象，但那处讲的是"梦"不是"情绪"，且女方没说情绪受童年经历影响。

  借用原文：children's dreams were usually simple representations of their wishes

• B)原词陷阱They may sometimes seem ridiculous to a rational mind. 抓住了原词 we think they are ridiculous，但那只是女方让步退一步说的半句，她真正强调的是转折后的"情绪同样强大"，只取让步句等于漏掉了观点。

  借用原文：even if we think they are ridiculous

• C)偷换概念They usually result from people's unpleasant memories. 录音虽提过 memories，但没说情绪"源于不愉快的记忆"，unpleasant 是凭空加的限定，与女方所说不符。

  借用原文：our dreams are the result of our emotions and memories from that day

What did psychologist Sigmund Freud say about adults' dreams?

But转折切到成人。前句讲 children's dreams… simple representations of their wishes（孩子的梦=愿望），随后 But in adults 用 But 转向成人，这句才是题干问的成人梦，是答案信号——转折后才是本题落点。

• dreams are much more complicated reflections of their more sophisticated sentiments↔They reflect their complicated emotions.sentiments=emotions改写

• A)张冠李戴They call for scientific methods to interpret. 抓的是结尾女方 psychologists try to understand using the scientific method，但那是女方的感叹、谈的是"心理学家研究梦"，并非弗洛伊德对成人梦的说法。

  借用原文：psychologists try to understand using the scientific method

• B)原词陷阱They mirror their long-cherished wishes. 盗用原词 their wishes，但弗洛伊德说"愿望"指的是 children's dreams（孩子的梦），题问的是成人，对象被偷换。

  借用原文：children's dreams were usually simple representations of their wishes

• D)张冠李戴They are often related to irrational feelings. 蹭的是前文 irrational feelings，那是男方说"人因非理性情绪做疯狂事"，并非弗洛伊德对成人梦下的定性。

  借用原文：People do all sorts of crazy things because of their irrational feelings.

What did scientists first use to discover Lake Vostok in the 1970s?

first 与时间状语对准题干。答案句里的 Scientists first discovered Lake Vostok in the 1970s by using radio waves 同时含 first 和 in the 1970s，与题干的 first、in the 1970s 严丝合缝。by using 后面跟的就是问题要的工具，这个 first+时间的呼应就是定位信号。

• by using radio waves that penetrate the ice↔Radio waves.原句提炼为名词短语

• B)原词陷阱录音确实念到了 they have used sound waves，但前面有 Since then（从那以后），说明声波是发现湖之后才用来绘图的，不是 first 时用的。听到 sound waves 就选，正中原词陷阱。

  借用原文：Since then, they have used sound waves

• C)原词陷阱录音后文提到 robots might be the solution，但那是后来用于钻冰取样的设想，跟 1970 年代最初发现湖完全是两回事。听到 robots 这个全文反复出现的词就选，是被原词带偏。

  借用原文：robots might be the solution

• D)原词陷阱录音念到 even satellites to map this massive body of water，但同样在 Since then 之后，是用来绘图的，不是最初发现用的。和声波一样，落在 first 之外。

  借用原文：they have used sound waves and even satellites

What do scientists think about Lake Vostok?

suspect 引出推测。答案句以 The scientists suspect that 开头，suspect（推测）正是题干 think 所问的判断动词。这个带推测口气的引导词就是信号——它后面跟的 micro-organisms may be living 就是科学家的看法。

• micro-organisms may be living in Lake Vostok↔It may have micro-organisms living in it.主动改写为 have 结构

• A)与原文相反录音念到 glacier 和 freezing 相关内容，但原文说的是 keeps the water from freezing（防止水结冰），意思是不结冰；选项 It may be freezing fast beneath the glacier. 反说成正在快速结冰，正好与原文相反。

  借用原文：keeps the water from freezing

• C)未提及选项 It may have certain rare minerals in it. 句式和正确项 B 几乎一样（It may have…），极易混；但 rare minerals（稀有矿物）在整段录音里根本没出现，是凭空添的。
• D)原词陷阱录音开头确实念到 four kilometers beneath the ice pack，选项 It may be as deep as four kilometers. 就盗用了这个数字。但 four kilometers 是讲湖的深度位置，不是科学家对湖的看法，与题干问的 think 不符。

  借用原文：four kilometers beneath the ice pack

What do the scientists hope their discoveries will do?

hope 领出愿望句。答案句 The scientists hope their discoveries will shed light on life in outer space 以 hope 开头，与题干 hope 完全对应。篇章独白的目的/展望句常落在结尾段，这里正是末段第一句，hope 就是定位信号。

• shed light on life in outer space↔Shed light on possible life in outer space.近乎原句仅加 possible

• A)原词陷阱录音前文反复讲冰下、freezing 的环境，选项 Help understand life in freezing conditions. 盗用了 life、freezing 这些词。但科学家最终的 hope 是指向外太空生命，理解冰冻环境只是过程，不是题干问的最终目标。A 与 D 都谈 life，最易切不开。

  借用原文：shed light on life in outer space

• B)未提及选项 Help find new sources of fresh water. 谈寻找新淡水源，录音通篇讲的是探测湖、找生命，从未提把湖当淡水资源来开发，属凭空添加。
• C)偷换概念录音末段提到木星卫星 Jupiter's moon, Europa，选项 Provide information about other planets. 听起来像沾边，但科学家的 hope 是 shed light on life（启示生命），不是提供关于行星本身的信息，把对生命的启示偷换成了对行星的信息。

  借用原文：Jupiter's moon, Europa

Why did James Copeland want to study the American Indian tribe Tarahumaras?

起因标志 when he discovered。答案句用 The idea to study… came to James Copeland in 1984 when he discovered that very little research had been done on their language，其中 when he discovered（当他发现……时）正是交代念头"如何产生"的起因信号，这一句即承载动机。

• very little research had been done on their language↔there had been little research on their language被动句几乎原义保留、仅去掉 very
• he discovered↔He founddiscover 与 found 同义替换

• B)原词陷阱He was trying to preserve the languages of the Indian tribes. 借用了原文反复出现的 language 一词，但原文只说他要"研究 study"语言，从未说他要"保护 preserve"语言，把"研究"偷换成"保护"，过度拔高了动机。

  借用原文：very little research had been done on their language

• C)原词陷阱His contact with a social worker had greatly aroused his interest in the tribe. 盗用了原文的 social worker，但原文里社工只是 He contacted a tribe member through a social worker 的联络渠道，并非"激起他兴趣"的动机；兴趣的真正起因是发现研究空白。

  借用原文：He contacted a tribe member through a social worker

• D)张冠李戴His meeting with Gonzalez had made him eager to learn more about the tribe. 盗用了人名 Gonzalez，但原文里念头早在 1984 年发现研究空白时就产生了，之后才通过社工联系到 Gonzalez，是"先有动机、后遇此人"，选项把因果时序颠倒了。

  借用原文：He contacted a tribe member through a social worker

How did Gonzalez help James Copeland?

人物动作句 served as an intermediary。答案句 He took Copeland to his village and served as an intermediary 直接描述 Gonzalez 做的事，其中 served as an intermediary（充当中间人）就是"怎么帮"的核心动作，是本题的落点。

• served as an intermediary↔acted as an intermediary between Copeland and the villagersserved as 与 acted as 同义、intermediary 原义保留

• A)未提及He taught Copeland to speak the Tarahumaras language. 借用了贯穿全文的 language 话题，但原文从未说 Gonzalez 教 Copeland 说部落语言，"teach to speak"是原文没有的捏造动作。
• B)张冠李戴He persuaded the Tarahumaras to accept Copeland's gifts. 盗用了"村民接受东西"这一情节（take the food and share it among themselves），但那是第二段讲送礼，并非 Gonzalez 劝说所致，把别处情节张冠李戴给了 Gonzalez。

  借用原文：take the food and share it among themselves

• C)偷换概念He recommended one of his best friends as an interpreter. 用 interpreter（翻译）来碰瓷原文的 intermediary（中间人），两词形近义近最易混；但原文是 Gonzalez 本人 served as an intermediary，从未"推荐好友当翻译"，属偷换角色。

  借用原文：served as an intermediary

What does the speaker say about James Copeland's trip to the Tarahumaras village?

直接定性词 laborious。答案句 Entering the world of the Tarahumaras has been a laborious project for Copeland 用 laborious 一词直接给这趟历程定性，紧接着用 he must drive two and a half days from Houston, Texas 举"开车两天半"为佐证，证实其"费力"，这就是答案信号。

• a laborious project↔Laborious选项就是原文形容词，但靠语境判义而非靠原词偷懒

• A)未提及Unpredictable.（难以预料的）原文未提，行程被描述为路途遥远、艰辛，但没有任何"结果难料、变化无常"的意思，属凭空添义。
• B)未提及Unjustifiable.（无正当理由的、站不住脚的）与原文毫无关联，原文谈的是行程艰辛，没有任何"不合理、缺乏正当性"的评价。
• D)偷换概念Tedious.（枯燥乏味的）与正确项 laborious 中文都像"难熬"，但 tedious 侧重"单调无聊"，原文强调的是开车两天半的"耗费体力、艰辛"，侧重"累"而非"闷"，含义对不上。

  借用原文：he must drive two and a half days from Houston, Texas

What impresses James Copeland about the Tarahumaras tribe?

直抒赞赏句 I see a lot of beauty in。答案句 I see a lot of beauty in their sense of sharing and concern for each other 用 see a lot of beauty in（看到许多美好）直接表达赞赏，是讲述者点名"被打动之处"的落点，正是 impress 题的答案信号。

• their sense of sharing and concern for each other↔Their sense of sharing and caring.concern for each other 浓缩为 caring

• A)未提及Their appreciation of help from the outsiders. 原文从未提部落"感激外来者的帮助"；原文虽讲 Copeland 送礼示好，但被打动的是"分享精神"，而非部落对外人的感激，属无中生有。
• C)与原文相反Their readiness to adapt to technology. 盗用了原文的 technology 一词，但原文是 I see people rejecting technology（拒绝技术），选项却说他们"乐于接纳技术"，极性完全反了。

  借用原文：I see people rejecting technology and living a very hard, traditional life

• D)与原文相反Their belief in creating wealth for themselves. 与原文 The Tarahumaras, who don't believe in accumulating wealth 直接矛盾——原文说他们"不相信积累财富"，选项却说他们"信奉为自己创造财富"，意思反了。

  借用原文：The Tarahumaras, who don't believe in accumulating wealth

What usually happens when people are accused of being radical?

题干关键词 accused/radical 在原文直接复述处。答案句紧扣题干的 accuse 与 radical：原文 Accusing individuals or groups of being radical often serves to silence them into submission 里 Accusing…of being radical 正对应题干的 accused of being radical，紧跟其后的 serves to… 就是在交代『通常发生什么』，这就是承载结果的答案句。

• serves to silence them into submission↔tend to be silenced into submission主动转被动、同短语原义保留

• B)未提及They find it hard to defend themselves. 听起来像『被压制』的合理延伸，但录音只说被压制到屈服，从未提及『难以为自己辩护』这层意思，属于自行脑补。
• C)与原文相反They will feel proud of being pioneers. 里的 proud(自豪)出现在录音结尾——但那是作者说『下次别人叫我 radical 我会自豪地接受』，与本题问的『被指控者通常的遭遇(被压制)』方向相反，C 把消极结果说成了积极。

  借用原文：next time someone calls me a radical, I will accept that label with pride

• D)与原文相反They will feel somewhat encouraged. 同样把结果说反：原文的 silence into submission 是被压制、退缩，绝非『受到鼓舞』，方向与答案句正相反。

What is the speaker's definition of a radical?

下定义信号 To me… is simply someone who。To me, a radical is simply someone who rebels against the norm 里 To me… a radical is simply someone who 是典型的『作者亲口下定义』信号句，simply 还表明这就是他给的简明定义，定位到此即可。

• rebels against the norm or advocates a change in the existing state of affairs↔rebels against the existing social ordernorm/state of affairs 同义于 social order

• A)原词陷阱One who advocates violence in effecting change. 的 effecting change 确与录音 Radicals are people who effect change 沾边，诱人去选，但作者的定义句里只说反抗常规、主张改变，从没把 violence(暴力)写进定义，A 凭空加了暴力限定。

  借用原文：Radicals are people who effect change

• B)原词陷阱One who craves for relentless transformations, 里的 relentless transformations 直接取自录音 subject to relentless transformation，但那句是在形容『社会状态本身不断剧变』，并非作者给 radical 下的定义，属张冠李戴。

  借用原文：the state of affairs itself is unstable and subject to relentless transformation

• C)未提及One who acts in the interests of the oppressed. 的 oppressed 让人联想全文为弱势翻案的基调，但作者的定义句只讲『反抗常规、主张变革』，从未说 radical 是『为被压迫者谋利的人』，这层限定原文没有。

What does the speaker think of most radicals in the American history?

让步转折 Of course… but undeniably… 后才是真态度。答案落在 Of course, there are some radicals who've made a negative impact on humanity, but undeniably, there would simply be no progress without radicals：Of course… 先让一步承认有负面，but undeniably 一转才是作者真正的落脚——没有 radical 就没有进步，转折后才是态度真意。

• there would simply be no progress without radicals↔They served as a driving force for progress.否定+无则不能 转为肯定『推动力』

• A)原词陷阱They tried to effect social change by force. 借了录音的 effect change，但加了原文没有的 by force(靠武力)；作者通篇讲 radical 推动变革，从没说他们靠武力，by force 是擅自添加。

  借用原文：Radicals are people who effect change

• B)与原文相反They disrupted the nation's social stability. 听着像『激进=破坏稳定』的常识，但作者立场恰恰相反——他在为 radical 翻案、强调其推动进步，绝不会说他们破坏国家稳定，与作者态度反向。
• D)与原文相反They did more harm than good to humanity. 正好踩在录音 there are some radicals who've made a negative impact on humanity 这句让步话上，听到 negative impact、humanity 就想选；但那是 Of course 引出的退让，作者随即用 but 推翻它，D 把铺垫当成了结论。

  借用原文：there are some radicals who've made a negative impact on humanity

What does the speaker say about us as human beings?

总括性强调句。None of us are immune to the influences of our own world 用 None of us（我们没有一个人）这种全称否定做总括强调，紧接着又用 let us not kid ourselves（别自欺欺人）加重语气，这种把范围拉到所有人的强调句，正是说话人对人类下总论断的答案句。

• None of us are immune to the influences of our own world↔It is impossible for us to be immune from outside influence全称否定改写成 impossible

• A)原词陷阱A 里 changes in our immediate environment 借用了原文 We become part of our immediate environment 的原词 immediate environment，听到这个词容易顺手就选；但 A 说的是很少有人能忽视环境变化，原文那句讲的是我们成为环境的一部分，并未说人能否忽视变化，属于借原词答非所问。

  借用原文：We become part of our immediate environment

• C)偷换概念C 的 unaware of what happens around us 让人联想到第三段 we are unaware that there are changes taking place in our mentality 里的 unaware；但原文说的是我们意识不到自己心态在变，并非意识不到周围发生了什么，而且原文恰恰强调人受影响，C 反说很少有人察觉不到周围，与本篇主线不符。

  借用原文：we are unaware that there are changes taking place in our mentality

• D)未提及D 说 It is important for us to keep in touch with our own world（与自己的世界保持联系很重要），听上去积极正面；但全篇主旨是我们无可避免地被外界影响、要慎选所处环境，并没有把保持联系当作一种应当去做的要求，属于把基调说反、且原文未提的劝导。

What does the speaker say Fred should do first to improve his quality of life?

转折 However 加顺序词 the first thing。这句以 However 转折开头，把前面别去评判 Fred 的话拨回正题，再用 the first thing he'll need to do 明示第一步，转折后加顺序词的位置正是答案句所在。

• recognize what has been going on all these years↔Recognise the negative impact of his coworkers笼统 what has been going on 具体化为同伴影响

• A)过度推断A 说 Make up his mind to start all over again（下决心从头再来），动作幅度远大于原文。原文第一步只是 recognize what has been going on（先认清现状），并没有让 Fred 推倒一切重来，属于把建议拔高、过度发挥。
• B)张冠李戴B 的 Stop making unfair judgements of others 借用了原文 Nor is it our business to stand in judgment of Fred 里的 judgement；但原文是说我们（旁人）不该评判 Fred，主语是我们，而 B 却要 Fred 自己别评判他人，把这句话安到了错的人头上。

  借用原文：Nor is it our business to stand in judgment of Fred

• C)原词陷阱C 说 Try to find a more exciting job somewhere else（去别处找更刺激的工作），盗用了 Fred 自述里的 never do anything exciting 的 exciting；但那是 Fred 抱怨现状的话，不是说话人给的第一步建议，原文要他先认清现状，而非换工作。

  借用原文：I never do anything exciting

What does the speaker say about psychiatrists?

职业名直接领出的陈述句。Psychiatrists have a higher incidence of suicide in their profession 由职业名 Psychiatrists 直接开头，是专门描述该群体的唯一一句，定位无需犹豫。

• Psychiatrists have a higher incidence of suicide in their profession↔They are quite susceptible to suicidehigher incidence 改写为 susceptible to

• C)张冠李戴C 的 suffer a great deal from ill health 盗用了同段 doctors as a profession suffer a lot of ill health 的原句；但 suffer ill health 说的是医生（doctors），而本题问的是精神科医生（psychiatrists），把前一句对医生的描述安到了精神科医生头上。

  借用原文：doctors as a profession suffer a lot of ill health

• B)偷换概念B 说 They improve people's quality of life，其中 quality of life 来自第五段谈 Fred 的 improve his quality of life；但那是说 Fred 改善自己的生活，与精神科医生提升他人生活无关，原文从未说精神科医生提升人们的生活质量。

  借用原文：improve his quality of life

• D)未提及D 说 They help people solve mental problems（帮人解决心理问题），听上去正是精神科医生的本职，很有迷惑性；但原文谈精神科医生只说他们自杀率较高这一负面事实，从未提及他们帮人解决心理问题这一功能，属凭常识脑补。

What does the speaker say about the American dollar bill?

转折 But 后才是真意。前半 Many can identify it by its sound or texture 是铺垫，真正的落点在转折词后 But few people indeed can accurately describe，But 之后才是说话人要强调的重点，正是答案句。

• few people indeed can accurately describe↔Few people can describe it preciselyaccurately=precisely 的同义替换

• A)原词陷阱Few people can identify its texture. 借了录音里真出现过的 texture 一词，但录音说的是‘许多人能凭质感 identify 认出它’，是‘多数人能’而非‘少数人能’，且谈的是认出不是描述，属听到原词就想选的原词陷阱。

  借用原文：Many can identify it by its sound or texture

• C)张冠李戴Its real value is open to interpretation. 说的是价值有争议，这是录音末段 Controversy continues to surround the true value of the dollar bill 的内容，与本题开头所问的‘能否描述’无关，是张冠李戴到本题。

  借用原文：Controversy continues to surround the true value of the dollar bill

• D)未提及Its importance is often over-estimated. 称重要性被高估，但录音只说它是 the world's most powerful, important currency，从未说这种重要性被‘高估’，over-estimated 是录音没有的评价，属无中生有。

What does the speaker say about the exact composition of the American dollar bill?

对所问对象直接下定性的判断句。录音用 is 把 the exact composition of the paper and ink 直接定性为 a closely guarded government secret，这句对所问对象给出明确判断，就是答案句。

• a closely guarded government secret↔a well-protected government secretclosely guarded=well-protected 同义替换

• A)未提及It has never seen any change. 称从未有变化，但录音对 exact composition 只说它是机密，从未提它变没变过，属无中生有。
• B)原词陷阱It has much to do with color. 借了录音真念过的 colored with black ink on one side and green on the other 里的颜色信息，但那句讲的是纸币‘外观颜色’，而本题问的是‘确切构成（成分）’，颜色和成分是两个对象，属偷换概念的原词陷阱。

  借用原文：colored with black ink on one side and green on the other

• D)未提及It is a subject of study by many forgers. 称构成是众多伪造者的研究对象，录音通篇没有出现 forgers 或伪造者研究这一说法，属未提及。

Why did the new American government mint only coins for common currency?

因果信号 Because of。录音用 Because of this lack of faith 直接点出‘只铸硬币’的原因，Because of 是明确的因果信号，紧随其前的 this lack of faith 即原因所在，本句为答案句。

• people had little regard for paper money↔People had little faith in paper moneylittle regard for=little faith in 同义替换

• B)张冠李戴They could last longer in circulation. 谈‘流通中更耐久’，录音里确有寿命话题 Few dollar bills survive longer than 18 months，但那是讲纸币短命、不是讲硬币因更耐用才被选，属张冠李戴。

  借用原文：Few dollar bills survive longer than 18 months

• C)与原文相反It predicted their value would increase. 说预测价值会上涨，但录音说的是纸币 its steadily decreasing value（价值持续下跌）才导致不信任，方向正相反，属与原文相反。

  借用原文：its steadily decreasing value during the colonial era

• D)未提及They were more difficult to counterfeit. 称硬币更难伪造，听来像个合理理由，但录音从未把‘只铸硬币’归因于防伪，counterfeit 一词原文也没出现，属未提及。

What have generations of American politicians argued for?

表态短语 argue in favor of。录音用 argue in favor of a gold standard 这一表态短语直接说出政治家支持的对象，argue in favor of 是判定‘主张什么’的信号，其后的 a gold standard 即答案核心。

• argue in favor of a gold standard for American currency↔A gold standard for American currency.近乎原词对应的主张对象

• A)未提及The stabilization of the dollar value. 谈稳定币值，录音末段虽讲到币值 the American dollar bill holds the value that is printed on it，但从未说政治家‘争取稳定币值’，属未作为主张提及。

  借用原文：the American dollar bill holds the value that is printed on it

• B)原词陷阱The issuing of government securities. 借了录音真念过的 government securities，但原文说那是美联储担保的形式，不是几代政治家所争取的目标，属听到原词就想选的原词陷阱。

  借用原文：a Federal Reserve pledge as a confirmation in the form of government securities

• D)与原文相反A steady appreciation of the U.S. dollar. 称‘美元持续升值’，录音并无政治家主张升值之说，反而说现状是 holds the value that is printed on it, and little more（仅值面额、别无更多），与升值方向相左，属未提及兼与原文相反。

  借用原文：holds the value that is printed on it, and little more