2019年英语四级真题长难句

"The move to recapture a small part of the profits from an industry that pushes a product that contributes to diabetes, obesity and heart disease in poorer communities in order to reinvest in those communities will sure be inspirational to many other places," said Jim Krieger, executive director of Healthy Food America.

"为了将从一个在贫困社区推广导致糖尿病、肥胖症和心脏病的产品的行业中夺回的一小部分利润再投资到这些社区，这一举措肯定会对许多其他地方产生启发。" 健康食品美国执行董事吉姆·克里格说。

A 2016 review of 10 studies looking into the relationship between breakfast and weight management concluded there is "limited evidence" supporting or refuting(反驳) the argument that breakfast influences weight or food intake, and more evidence is required before breakfast recommendations can be used to help prevent obesity.

2016年对10项探讨早餐与体重管理之间关系的研究的综述得出结论：支持或反驳“早餐影响体重或食物摄入”这一论点的“证据有限”，且在早餐建议可用于帮助预防肥胖之前，需要更多证据。

Their babies retain the ability to produce their own chlorophyll, though they can't generate energy from sunlight until they've eaten enough algae to steal the necessary genes, which they can't yet produce on their own.

它们的幼体保留产生自己叶绿素的能力，尽管它们不能从阳光中产生能量，直到它们吃了足够的藻类来窃取必要的基因，而这些基因它们自己还不能产生。

Other factors may also significantly influence a project's success, most notably, the size of a scientist's personal and professional networks, and how much a researcher promotes a project on their own.

其他因素也可能显著影响项目的成功，最值得注意的是，科学家个人和专业网络的规模，以及研究人员独立推广项目的程度。

What has changed, instead, is the relative share adopting different ways of living in early adulthood, with the decline of romantic coupling pushing living at home to the top of a much less uniform list of living arrangements.

相反，已经改变的是成年早期采用不同生活方式的相对比例，随着浪漫伴侣关系的减少，使得居家生活在一个更加不统一的生活安排列表中位居榜首。

Not only will the sunken plane create the perfect skeleton for artificial reef growth, but authorities hope this new underwater attraction will bring tourists to the area.

这架沉没的飞机不仅将为人工礁的生长创造完美的骨架，而且当局希望这个新的水下景点将为该地区带来游客。

But as with any study of this kind, it was unclear if that was the cause—or if breakfast-skippers were just more likely to be overweight to begin with.

但是就像任何这类研究一样，不清楚那是否是原因——或者不吃早餐的人一开始是否就更有可能超重。

Songdo, a city built from scratch in South Korea, is one of Kasarda's prime examples.

松岛，一座在韩国从零开始建造的城市，是卡萨达的主要例证之一。

Alexandra Johnstone, professor of appetite research at the University of Aberdeen, argues that it may simply be because breakfast-skippers have been found to be less knowledgeable about nutrition and health.

阿伯丁大学食欲研究教授亚历山德拉·约翰斯通认为，这可能仅仅是因为不吃早餐的人被发现对营养和健康的了解较少。

"There are a lot of studies on the relationship between breakfast eating and possible health outcomes, but this may be because those who eat breakfast choose to habitually have health-enhancing behaviours such as regular exercise and not smoking," she says.

"有很多关于吃早餐和可能的健康结果之间关系的研究，但这可能是因为那些吃早餐的人选择习惯性地拥有增强健康的行为，例如规律锻炼和不吸烟，"她说。

The nutritional and health crises that followed the policy of structural adjustment, he says, led to many children and teenagers failing to reach their full potential in terms of height.

他说，在结构调整政策之后出现的营养和健康危机，导致了许多儿童和青少年未能在身高方面充分发挥他们的潜力。

"Gender norms and social expectations about caregiving may make it more difficult for men to provide care to sick spouses," Karraker said.

"关于照料的性别规范和社会期望可能使男性更难向生病的配偶提供照料，" Karraker说。

"They're more likely to be widowed, and if they're the ones who become ill, they're more likely to get divorced."

“他们更有可能丧偶，如果他们是生病的人，他们更有可能离婚。”

It counts less than generally thought.

它的重要性不如通常认为的那么大。

"Married women diagnosed with a serious health condition may find themselves struggling with the impact of their disease while also experiencing the stress of divorce," said researcher Amelia Karraker.

“被诊断出患有严重健康状况的已婚女性可能会发现自己在与疾病影响作斗争的同时，也经历着离婚的压力，”研究人员Amelia Karraker说。

This, in turn, has a major effect on their diet, leading scientists to speculate that the ability to learn population-specific hunting methods could be driving the animals' genetic development.

这反过来对它们的饮食有重大影响，使得科学家推测学习种群特定狩猎方法的能力可能正在推动这些动物的基因发展。

Like humans, killer whales have colonized a range of different habitats across the globe, occupying every ocean basin on the planet, with an empire that extends from pole to pole.

像人类一样，虎鲸已经开拓了全球一系列不同的栖息地，占据了地球上的每一个海洋盆地，拥有一个从极地延伸到极地的帝国。

Damaged cells are then cleaned up and the body sends cells specially designed to break down the large muscle fibre fragments.

受损细胞随后被清除，并且身体发送专门设计用于分解大块肌肉纤维碎片的细胞。

Crowdfunding, raising money for a project through online appeals, has taken off in recent years for everything from making movies to producing water-saving gadgets.

众筹，即通过网络呼吁为项目筹集资金，近年来在从制作电影到生产节水小工具的各种事情上都取得了成功。

After Hurricane Katrina hit in 2005, mail facilities were set up in dozens of locations across the country in the two weeks that USPS was unable to provide street delivery.

2005年卡特里娜飓风袭击后，在USPS无法提供街道投递服务的两周内，全国各地数十个地点设立了邮件设施。

For instance, having spent many generations hunting the fat marine mammals of the Arctic, the Eskimos of Greenland have developed certain genetic adaptations that help them digest and utilize this fat-rich diet, thereby allowing them to thrive in their cold climate.

例如，在花了许多代人的时间捕猎北极的肥胖海洋哺乳动物之后，格陵兰岛的爱斯基摩人已经形成了某些基因适应性，这些适应性有助于他们消化和利用这种富含脂肪的饮食，从而使他们能够在寒冷的气候中茁壮成长。

And according to a new Pew Research Center survey on women and leadership, most Americans find women indistinguishable from men on key leadership traits such as intelligence and capacity for innovation, with many saying they're stronger than men in terms of being passionate and organized leaders.

并且根据皮尤研究中心一项关于女性与领导力的新调查，大多数美国人认为女性在关键领导特质上与男性没有区别，例如智力和创新能力，许多人表示她们在成为充满激情和有条理的领导者方面比男性更强。

Instead, topping the list of reasons, about four-in-ten Americans point to a double standard for women seeking to climb to the highest levels of either politics or business, where they have to do more than their male counterparts to prove themselves.

相反，在原因列表中居首的是，约十分之四的美国人指出，在女性寻求晋升到政治或商业最高职位的过程中存在双重标准，她们必须比男性同行做得更多来证明自己。

People have grown taller over the last century, with South Korean women shooting up by more than 20cm on average, and Iranian men gaining 16.5cm.

在过去的一个世纪里人们变得更高了，韩国女性平均身高激增超过20厘米，伊朗男性身高增加了16.5厘米。

While height increased in Uganda and Niger during the early 20th century, the trend has reversed in recent years, with height decreasing among 18-year-olds.

虽然20世纪初期乌干达和尼日尔的身高有所增加，但近年来这一趋势已经逆转，18岁人群的身高在下降。

On the 1st of January, new regulations will come into effect which eliminate an annual leave bonus for people who put off marrying until the age of 23 for women, and 25 for men, the South China Morning Post reports.

《南华早报》报道，1月1日，新规定将生效，这些规定取消了女性23岁、男性25岁才结婚的人的年度休假奖金。

The study looked at computer-assisted cognitive(认知的) behavioral therapy (CBT) and found that it was no more effective in treating depression than the usual care patients receive from a primary care doctor.

该研究考察了计算机辅助认知行为疗法（CBT），并发现它在治疗抑郁症方面并不比患者从初级保健医生那里获得的常规护理更有效。

While 53% believe men will continue to hold more top executive positions in business in the future, 44% say it's only a matter of time before as many women are in top executive positions as men.

虽然53%的人认为男性在未来将继续担任更多企业高层管理职位，但44%的人表示，女性担任高层管理职位的数量与男性一样多只是时间问题。

Having a person, instead of a computer, reach out to you is particularly important in combating that sense of isolation.

让一个人而不是一台电脑联系你，在对抗那种孤立感方面尤其重要。

However, these beasts of the sea do display a vast range of highly refined behaviors that appear to be driving their genetic development.

然而，这些海洋生物确实展现出一系列高度复杂的行为，这些行为似乎正在推动它们的基因发展。

As a result, the public is divided about whether the imbalance in corporate America will change in the foreseeable future, even though women have made major advances in the workplace.

因此，公众对于美国企业界的这种不平衡在可预见的未来是否会改变存在分歧，尽管女性已经在工作场所取得了重大进展。

According to Rae Ann Haight, the program manager for the national-preparedness office at USPS, Smith was fulfilling a request made by some of the home owners to pick up any mail that was left untouched.

根据美国邮政总局国家准备办公室的项目经理雷·安·海特的说法，史密斯正在满足一些房主提出的取走任何未被触碰的邮件的请求。

If breakfast alone isn't a guarantee of weight loss, why is there a link between obesity and breakfast-skipping?

如果仅早餐本身不能保证减肥，那么为什么肥胖和不吃早餐之间会存在联系？

Girls who graduate from single-sex schools are three times more likely to become engineers than those who attend coeducational schools.

从单一性别学校毕业的女生成为工程师的可能性是那些就读于男女混合学校的女生的三倍。

Researchers found it was a change in eating habits rather than breakfast itself that induced weight loss.

研究人员发现，是饮食习惯的改变而非早餐本身导致了体重下降。

As global surface temperatures increase, so does the likelihood of extreme weather.

随着全球表面温度上升，极端天气的可能性也在增加。

Although economic research and previous survey findings have shown that career interruptions related to motherhood may make it harder for women to advance in their careers and compete for top executive jobs, relatively few adults in the recent survey point to this as a key barrier for women seeking leadership roles.

尽管经济研究和先前的调查结果表明，与母亲身份相关的职业中断可能使女性更难在职业生涯中晋升并竞争高层管理职位，但在最近的调查中，相对较少的成年人将此视为女性寻求领导角色的主要障碍。

"Looking at studies that tested concentration the number of studies showing a benefit was exactly the same as the number that found no benefit," she says.

“查看测试注意力的研究，显示有好处的研究数量与发现没有好处的研究数量完全相同，”她说。

Young adults with a college degree have fared much better in the labor market than their less-educated counterparts, which has in turn made it easier to establish their own households.

拥有大学学位的年轻人在劳动力市场上的表现比受教育程度较低的同龄人要好得多，这反过来又使他们更容易建立自己的家庭。

Though Chasin says the focus of the work is on the activity of writing, rather than the text that ends up getting written, some of the work that comes out of the sessions has stuck with her.

尽管蔡辛说这项工作的重点在于写作活动，而非最终被写出来的文本，但一些出自这些会议的作品一直萦绕在她心头。

It wasn't until I rediscovered salsa in a lovely studio while working in Asia that I renewed my passion for dancing.

直到我在亚洲工作期间，在一个可爱的工作室里重新发现了萨尔萨舞，我才重新燃起了对跳舞的热情。

Researchers from the University of Surrey and University of Aberdeen are halfway through research looking into the mechanisms behind how the time we eat influences body weight.

萨里大学和阿伯丁大学的研究人员正在进行一项研究的中途，该研究调查我们进食的时间如何影响体重背后的机制。

What they found was that it wasn't breakfast itself that caused the participants to lose weight: it was changing their normal routine.

他们所发现的是，并不是早餐本身导致参与者减重：而是改变他们的日常习惯。

The more money a project sought, the lower the chance it reached its goal, the researchers found.

研究人员发现，一个项目寻求的资金越多，它达成目标的可能性就越低。

He went on to say that if love is defined as a long-term commitment—meaning dogs seek one another out when they're apart, they're happy when they're reunited, they protect one another, they feed one another, they raise their children together—then of course dogs love each other.

他接着说，如果爱被定义为一种长期承诺——意思是当狗分开时它们会寻找彼此，当它们团聚时会很开心，它们会互相保护，互相喂食，一起抚养它们的孩子——那么当然狗会彼此相爱。

As far as sunken planes go, this Airbus A300 is the largest intentionally sunk aircraft ever.

就沉没的飞机而言，这架空客A300是有史以来最大的故意沉没的飞机。

James Bentham, a co-author of the research from Imperial College, London, says the global trend is likely to be due primarily to improvements in nutrition and healthcare.

伦敦帝国理工学院这项研究的合著者詹姆斯·边沁表示，全球趋势很可能主要归因于营养和医疗保健的改善。

The researchers found that passengers sitting within two seats on either side of a person infected with the flu, as well as those sitting one row in front of or behind this individual, had about an 80 percent chance of getting sick.

研究人员发现，坐在流感感染者两侧两个座位范围内的乘客，以及坐在该感染者前后一排的乘客，有大约80%的患病几率。

Would you still be drinking it if you knew that more than 90 percent of all bottled water sold around the world contains microplastics?

如果你知道全世界销售的所有瓶装水中超过90%含有微塑料，你还会喝它吗？

Songdo has ended up different from the city it was supposed to be.

松岛最终变得与它本应成为的城市不同。