2019年12月·第1套 英语六级听力真题原文与答案解析
本页是 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力 的真题原文与答案解析页 —— 与试卷排版同一卷面层级(3 个 Section:长对话 2 · 听力篇章 2 · 讲座/讲话 3),按录音篇目 逐篇排印:7 篇录音各自先给 共 2341 词的完整录音文字稿(逐段中译) ,再逐题接上该题的题目与解析 ——题干与选项中译、正确答案、答案句录音原文与中译、答案信号、同义替换对照与错项原词陷阱归因,全卷共 25 道四选一的题,答案字母分布 A 7 · B 6 · C 6 · D 6。
本套原声音频可直接在本页在线收听(页面底部播放条:0.75–1.5 倍速、前后 10 秒、按录音篇目跳听;各篇题行另有「播放本篇」按钮)。同题型其余套的音频见 英语六级听力真题总页。
听力题和解析
本卷全部 25 题的标准答案与完整录音文字稿由懒笔记基于2019年12月·第1套 英语六级听力原卷逐题核对整理。与试卷排版同一卷面层级:Part/Section 标题与各节 Directions 照原卷排印——真实听力考卷只印选项,题干由录音念出。其下按录音篇目逐篇排印:每篇先给完整录音文字稿(逐段中译),再逐题给出卷面题目与该题解析(题目、翻译、答案、定位、信号、替换与排除)。
以下按录音篇目排印:每篇先给录音原文与逐段中译(考卷上没有,考试时录音只播一遍、卷面只印选项),再逐题给出卷面题目与解析。
M: Today our guest is Rosie Mullender, who works as Features Editor for Fashion magazine. Hi, Rosie, you're Features Editor at one of the most widely-read women's magazines in the UK. What kind of responsibilities does that job entail?
M:今天我们的嘉宾是 Rosie Mullender,她是《Fashion》杂志的专题编辑。你好,Rosie,你是英国发行量最广的女性杂志之一的专题编辑。这份工作具体包括哪些职责?
W: We spend our days looking at ideas from journalists, writing copy for the magazine and website, and editing. We do random things like asking people in the street questions and testing sports clothing. We also do less tangible things like understanding what our readers want. It's certainly varied and sometimes bizarre.
W:我们每天都会查看记者们的创意,为杂志和网站撰写稿件并进行编辑。我们也会做一些随机的事情,比如在街上向人们提问、测试运动服装。我们还要做一些不那么具体的工作,比如了解读者想要什么。这份工作内容确实多种多样,有时还很奇怪。
M: During your working day, what kind of work might you typically do?
M:在工作日里,你通常会做哪些工作?
W: My day mainly incorporates responding to emails, writing and editing stories and coming up with new feature ideas.
W:我的一天主要包括回复电子邮件、撰写和编辑稿件,以及构思新的专题创意。
M: How does the job of Features Editor differ from that of Fashion Editor, or other editorial positions?
M:专题编辑的工作与时尚编辑或其他编辑职位有什么不同?
W: The features team deals with articles such as careers, reports, confidence and confessions—everything except fashion and beauty.
W:专题编辑团队负责职业、报道、自信和告白等文章,除了时尚和美容之外,其他内容都包括在内。
M: A lot of people believe that working at a magazine is a glamorous job. Is this an accurate representation of what you do?
M:很多人认为,在杂志社工作是一份光鲜亮丽的工作。这样的说法准确地反映了你的工作吗?
W: I'd say it's glamorous to an extent, but not in the way it's portrayed in films. We do have our moments, such as interviewing celebrities and attending parties, which is a huge thrill. Ultimately, though, we're the same as our readers, but working in a job we're all very lucky to have.
W:我会说这份工作在一定程度上确实很光鲜,但并不像电影里描述的那样。我们也有光彩照人的时刻,比如采访名人和参加派对,这让人非常兴奋。不过说到底,我们和读者一样,只是从事着一份大家都非常幸运能够拥有的工作。
M: Did you have to overcome any difficulties to reach this point in your career? How did you manage to do this?
M:为了在事业上走到今天这一步,你是否克服过什么困难?你是怎么做到的?
W: I had to be really persistent and it was very hard work. After three years of working in a petrol station and doing unpaid work, I still hadn't managed to get an entry-level job. I was lucky that my last desperate attempt led to a job. I told myself that all experiences make you a better journalist in the long run—and luckily, I was right!
W:我必须非常坚持不懈,而且那段经历非常辛苦。在加油站工作了三年并做了无薪工作之后,我仍然没能找到一份入门级工作。幸运的是,我最后一次绝望的尝试让我得到了一份工作。我告诉自己,从长远来看,所有经历都会让你成为更好的记者——幸运的是,我说得没错!
What is the woman's profession?
这位女士的职业是什么?
- A) 杂志记者
- B) 时装设计师
- C) 网站设计师
- D) 专题编辑
Today our guest is Rosie Mullender, who works as Features Editor for Fashion magazine.
今天我们的嘉宾是罗西·穆兰德,她在《时尚》杂志担任专题编辑。
主持人开场介绍即报职务。答案信号是开场白里主持人直接介绍嘉宾身份:who works as Features Editor for Fashion magazine,works as 后面紧跟的就是职务名,是身份题最稳的落点。
- works as Features EditorFeatures editor职务名几乎原样对应
- A)原词陷阱录音确实念到 Fashion magazine,选项 Magazine reporter 借这个"杂志"原词诱你选,但她是"编辑 editor"不是"记者 reporter",职务对不上。
借用原文:Fashion magazine
- B)原词陷阱录音里 Fashion 是杂志的名字(Fashion magazine),选项 Fashion designer 借这个 Fashion 让你误以为她是"时尚设计师",但她的工作是当编辑,不是做服装设计。
借用原文:Fashion magazine
- C)原词陷阱录音后面提到为杂志和网站写稿 writing copy for the magazine and website,选项 Website designer 借这个 website 诱选,但"为网站写稿"不等于"网站设计师",职务完全两回事。
借用原文:writing copy for the magazine and website
What is one of the woman's main responsibilities?
这位女士的主要职责之一是什么?
- A) 设计运动服装
- B) 咨询时尚专家
- C) 回复日常邮件
- D) 面试求职者
My day mainly incorporates responding to emails, writing and editing stories and coming up with new feature ideas.
我一天的工作主要包括回复邮件、撰写和编辑稿件,以及构思新的专题点子。
mainly 标记主要职责。答案信号是被问者应答里的 My day mainly incorporates responding to emails,mainly(主要)一词直接对应题干的 main responsibilities,并列第一项就是"回复邮件"。
- responding to emailsAnswering daily emailsresponding=answering 的同义替换
- A)原词陷阱录音确有 testing sports clothing(测试运动服装),选项 Designing sports clothing 借"运动服装"原词诱选,但她是"测试 testing"不是"设计 designing",而且那只是偶尔做的零散事、不是"主要"职责。
借用原文:testing sports clothing
- B)未提及录音多次出现 fashion(杂志名、领域),选项 Consulting fashion experts 借这个 fashion 拼出"咨询时尚专家",但录音从未说她要咨询时尚专家,属编造的职责。
- D)偷换概念录音说 asking people in the street questions(在街上问路人问题),选项 Interviewing job-seekers 把它歪成"采访求职者",对象从"路人"换成"求职者",对不上。
借用原文:asking people in the street questions
What do many people think about the woman's job?
许多人对这位女士的工作有什么看法?
- A) 具有挑战性
- B) 令人着迷
- C) 令人厌烦
- D) 时尚
A lot of people believe that working at a magazine is a glamorous job. Is this an accurate representation of what you do?
很多人认为在杂志社工作是一份光鲜亮丽的工作。这是对你工作的准确写照吗?
A lot of people believe 锁定大众看法。答案信号是主持人提问里的 A lot of people believe that working at a magazine is a glamorous job,A lot of people believe 直接对应题干 many people think,其后的 glamorous(光鲜迷人)就是大众的看法。
- a glamorous jobIt is fascinating.glamorous 与 fascinating 近义褒义替换
- A)张冠李戴录音后面她说自己 it was very hard work,选项 It is challenging.(有挑战)蹭这层"辛苦"感,但那是她回顾奋斗时的自述,不是 many people 对这份工作的看法,答错了主体。
借用原文:it was very hard work
- C)与原文相反It is tiresome.(令人厌烦)是负面评价,而很多人对这份工作的印象是 a glamorous job 光鲜迷人,褒贬正好相反,录音也没人这么说。
- D)原词陷阱录音里反复有 fashion(杂志名 Fashion magazine),选项 It is fashionable.(时髦的)借 fashion 与 fashionable 形近来诱选,但大众的看法是"光鲜迷人"而非"时髦",且这话录音没说。
借用原文:Fashion magazine
What helped the woman to get her current position?
是什么帮助这位女士获得了她目前的职位?
- A) 她的坚持不懈
- B) 她的经验
- C) 她的能力
- D) 她的自信
被问者直接应答里的强调词。答案信号是她对"如何克服困难"这一问的直接应答开头:I had to be really persistent,really 加重语气强调 persistent(坚持不懈),是她明确点出的成功关键。
- I had to be really persistentHer persistence形容词 persistent 名词化为 persistence
- B)原词陷阱录音末句确有 experience:all experiences make you a better journalist,选项 Her experience 借这个原词诱选,但那句是说"各种经历会让你成为更好的记者"这一信念,并非她把"经验"当成拿到这份工作的直接原因,真正帮她的是"坚持"。
借用原文:all experiences make you a better journalist
- C)未提及Her competence(能力)与"坚持"都是褒义品质、意思相近极易混,但录音通篇没说是"能力"帮了她,她明确强调的是 persistent,competence 属编造。
- D)未提及Her confidence(自信)也是褒义品质,听着像励志故事该有的词,但录音里她强调的是 really persistent"坚持",从未说靠"自信",属编造。
W: Are you watching any good shows these days?
W:你最近在看什么好看的节目吗?
M: Actually, yes. I'm watching a great satire called Frankie. I think you'd like it.
M:其实有。我正在看一部很棒的讽刺喜剧,叫《Frankie》。我觉得你会喜欢。
W: Really? What's it about?
W:真的吗?讲的是什么?
M: It's about a real guy named Frankie. He is a famous comedian in New York and the show's a mixture of comedy and drama loosely depicting his life.
M:讲的是一个名叫 Frankie 的真人。他是纽约的一位著名喜剧演员,这部剧以他的生活为松散蓝本,融合了喜剧和剧情元素。
W: I'm sorry, do you mean to say, it's a real-life series about a real person? It's non-fiction, is it?
W:不好意思,你是说,这是一部讲述真人真事的剧集?是非虚构作品吗?
M: No… Not really, no. It's fiction, as what happens in every episode is made up. However the lead role is a comedian by the name of Frankie, and he plays himself. So Frankie in both real life and in the TV show lives in New York City, is a comic, is divorced, and has two little daughters. All those things are true, but aside from him, all his friends and family are played by actors. And the plots and events that take place are also invented.
M:不……也不完全是,不是。它是虚构的,因为每一集发生的事情都是编出来的。不过,主角是一位名叫 Frankie 的喜剧演员,而且由他本人出演。所以,现实生活中的 Frankie 和电视剧里的 Frankie 都住在纽约市,都是喜剧演员,都离过婚,还有两个小女儿。这些都是真的,但除了他以外,他的朋友和家人全都由演员扮演。剧中的情节和发生的事件也都是虚构的。
W: Oh, I think I see now. That sounds like a very original concept.
W:哦,我现在好像明白了。听起来是个非常新颖的概念。
M: Yes, it is. In fact, the whole show is written, directed, edited and produced by him, and is very funny and has won many awards.
M:是的,确实如此。实际上,整部剧都是他自己编剧、导演、剪辑和制作的,而且非常有趣,还获得了许多奖项。
W: That's cool. I will try to download it. I'm watching a comedy called The Big Bang Theory. It's a huge hit around the world.
W:那很酷。我会试着把它下载下来。我正在看一部叫《生活大爆炸》的喜剧。它在世界各地都大受欢迎。
M: Oh yes. I've heard of it, but never actually watched it.
M:哦,对这部剧我听说过,但确实从来没看过。
W: Well, then you should check it out. It's also very funny. It's about four male scientists and a female waitress. The men are very socially awkward but very bright. And this is contrasted by the lady's social skills and common sense. The show has been running for over ten years, and some of the actors are practically global superstars, now that they are such famous celebrities.
W:那你应该看看。它也非常有趣。讲的是四位男科学家和一位女服务员。那几个男人不太善于与人交往,但非常聪明;而这与那位女士的社交能力和常识形成了对比。这部剧已经播出十多年了,其中一些演员如今已经是家喻户晓的名人,几乎成了全球超级明星。
What does the man think of the satire Frankie he recently watched?
男士对他最近看的讽刺剧 Frankie 有什么看法?
- A) 它很有趣。
- B) 它很有教育意义。
- C) 它脱离现实生活。
- D) 它改编自一部戏剧。
I'm watching a great satire called Frankie. I think you'd like it.
我在看一部很棒的讽刺剧,叫《Frankie》。我想你会喜欢它的。
评价形容词 great。男士一开口就用 a great satire 给出正面评价,great 这个评价形容词就是答案信号;后面 I think you'd like it 进一步印证他态度是正面的。
- a great satireIt is enjoyable.great 同义于 enjoyable
- B)过度推断It is educational. 把好评具体化成『有教育意义』,但录音通篇只说它 great、funny,从没提它能教人东西,属过度推断。
- C)原词陷阱It is divorced from real life. 借了录音里 is divorced 的 divorced,但原文 divorced 指剧中人物『离婚』,根本不是说这剧『脱离现实』;且这是负评,与男士的正面态度相反。
借用原文:is divorced
- D)原词陷阱It is adapted from a drama. 借了录音 a mixture of comedy and drama 里的 drama,但原文是说这剧『混合了喜剧与正剧元素』,不是说它『改编自某部戏剧』;而且本题问态度,这是来源描述,答非所问。
借用原文:a mixture of comedy and drama
What does the man say is special about the satire Frankie?
男士说讽刺剧 Frankie 有什么特别之处?
- A) 所有角色都由著名演员出演。
- B) 它根据一些名人的真实生活经历改编。
- C) 它的情节和事件揭示了很多 Frankie 的真实生活。
- D) 它由 Frankie 本人编剧、导演、剪辑和制作。
In fact, the whole show is written, directed, edited and produced by him, and is very funny and has won many awards.
事实上,整部剧都是由他一人编剧、导演、剪辑和制作的,非常好笑,还赢得了很多奖项。
强调词 In fact。上一句女士说这是个 very original concept(很新颖的概念),男士用 In fact, the whole show is written, directed, edited and produced by him 接上,In fact 是强调信号,引出这剧『特别』的核心——一人全包。
- written, directed, edited and produced by himwritten, directed, edited and produced by Frankie himselfhim 即 Frankie himself
- A)与原文相反All the roles are played by famous actors and actresses. 与原文相反:录音说 all his friends and family are played by actors,只是普通 actors,且明确主角 he plays himself,并非『所有角色都由名演员演』。
借用原文:all his friends and family are played by actors
- B)原词陷阱It is based on the real-life experiences of some celebrities. 借了录音 a real-life series about a real person 的 real-life,但原文随即被男士否定(It's fiction),且只涉及 Frankie 一人,不是 some celebrities,主体与真假都对不上。
借用原文:a real-life series about a real person
- C)与原文相反Its plots and events reveal a lot about Frankie's actual life. 把原文借来的『真实生活』安在情节上,但录音说 the plots and events that take place are also invented——情节是虚构的,恰恰不反映真实生活,正好说反。
借用原文:the plots and events that take place are also invented
What does the woman say she is going to do with the satire Frankie?
女士说她打算如何处理讽刺剧 Frankie?
- A) 去影院观看它。
- B) 把它推荐给她的朋友们。
- C) 和男士一起看它。
- D) 下载并观看它。
意向句 I will。女士用 I will try to download it 直接表态自己的打算,I will 是表意向的信号词,紧跟的动作 download 就是答案。
- I will try to download itDownload and watch it.download 即下载来看
- A)未提及Go to the theater and enjoy it. 录音从未提到女士要去剧院看,她说的是下载,属无中生有。
- B)张冠李戴Recommend it to her friends. 像是把男士那句 I think you'd like it(推荐给女士)的『推荐』动作挪到女士头上,但女士本人只说要下载,没说要推荐给朋友。
借用原文:I think you'd like it
- C)原词陷阱Watch it with the man. 里 watch 确是原文反复出现的词,但录音里女士只说自己下载来看,全程没有『和男士一起看』的安排,with the man 是凭空添加。
借用原文:then you should check it out
What does the woman say about the comedy The Big Bang Theory?
女士对喜剧《生活大爆炸》有什么评价?
- A) 它遭到了科学家们的批评。
- B) 它已经播出了十多年。
- C) 它是一部荒谬的讽刺作品。
- D) 它违背常识。
The show has been running for over ten years, and some of the actors are practically global superstars, now that they are such famous celebrities.
这部剧已经播了十多年,其中一些演员实际上已成了全球超级巨星,如今他们都是大名鼎鼎的明星了。
并列陈述里的事实。女士在 some of the actors are practically global superstars, now that they are such famous celebrities 里给出一条客观事实——部分演员已成名人;这种可核对的事实陈述就是细节题的答案落点。
- some of the actors are practically global superstars, now that they are such famous celebritiesIt is based on the real-life experiences of some celebrities.演员成名人对应 celebrities
- A)原词陷阱It has drawn criticisms from scientists. 借了录音 four male scientists 的 scientists,但原文只是说剧里有四个科学家角色,从没说这剧『招来科学家批评』,批评是无中生有。
借用原文:four male scientists
- C)张冠李戴It is a ridiculous piece of satire. 里 satire 是男士形容《Frankie》的词(a great satire),并非女士对《The Big Bang Theory》的评价;况且女士说它 very funny、a huge hit,从无 ridiculous 之贬。
借用原文:a great satire
- D)与原文相反It is against common sense. 盗用录音 the lady's social skills and common sense 的 common sense,但原文是说那位女士『有 common sense(常识)』,根本不是说这部剧『违背常识』,意思正好相反。
借用原文:the lady's social skills and common sense
Related to the "use it or lose it" law is the "keep moving" principle.
与“用进废退”规律相关的是“不断行动”原则。
We learned about stagnation from nature. A river that stops moving gets smelly. The same thing happens to people who stop moving, either mentally or physically. Those who play contact sports know that the player who usually gets hurt the most is the one who is standing still. Of course, you'll need some time to catch your breath every so often, but the essential message is "keep moving, extending and learning." Ships last a lot longer when they go to sea than when they stay in the harbor. The same is true for airplanes. You don't preserve an airplane by keeping it on the ground. You preserve it by keeping it in service.
我们从大自然中认识到了停滞的后果。一条停止流动的河流会变得臭气熏天。停止行动的人,无论是在思想上还是身体上,也会发生同样的情况。那些参加接触式运动的人都知道,通常最容易受伤的,是那个站着不动的运动员。当然,你需要时不时花些时间喘口气,但最重要的信息是“不断行动、不断拓展、不断学习”。船只出海时比停留在港口时能够使用更长时间。飞机也是如此。让飞机停在地面上并不能使它得到保养;让它投入使用才能使它得到保养。
We also get to live a long healthy life by staying in service. Longevity statistics reveal that the average person doesn't last very long after retirement. The moral here is don't retire. If a fellow says "I'm 94 years old and I worked all my life", we need to realize that is how he got to be 94, by staying involved. George Bernard Shaw won a Nobel Prize when he was nearly 70. Benjamin Franklin produced some of his best writings at the age of 84, and Pablo Picasso put brush to canvas right through his eighties. Isn't the issue how old we think we are?
通过让自己持续发挥作用,我们也能过上长寿而健康的生活。长寿统计数据显示,普通人在退休后往往活不了太久。这里的启示是:不要退休。如果有人说“我已经94岁了,而且我一生都在工作”,我们就需要意识到,他正是通过持续参与和发挥作用才活到94岁。乔治·伯 Bernard·肖将近70岁时获得了诺贝尔奖。84岁时,本杰明·富兰克林仍创作出了他最优秀的一些作品;巴勃罗·毕加索直到八十多岁仍在画布上挥洒画笔。问题难道不在于我们认为自己有多大年纪吗?
A bonus with the "keep moving" principle is that while we keep moving, we don't have a chance to worry. Hence, we avoid the dreaded "paralysis by analysis".
“不断行动”原则还有一个额外的好处:只要我们持续行动,就没有机会忧虑。因此,我们可以避免令人畏惧的“分析导致瘫痪”。
What does the speaker say about players of contact sports?
说话者关于接触性运动的运动员说了什么?
- A) 他们在移动过快时很可能受伤。
- B) 他们相信团队精神能带来良好表现。
- C) 他们需要保持移动以避免受伤。
- D) 他们必须学习如何避免身体接触。
Those who play contact sports know that the player who usually gets hurt the most is the one who is standing still.
从事身体接触类运动的人都知道,通常受伤最重的,恰恰是那个站着不动的人。
出现题干同款话题词 contact sports,其后即答案。录音里 Those who play contact sports 与题干 contact sports 完全同词,是顺听定位的信号灯;说话人讲到这个话题词后紧接的判断 the player who usually gets hurt the most is the one who is standing still 就是答案句。
- the player who usually gets hurt the most is the one who is standing stillThey need to keep moving to avoid getting hurt.'站着不动的人最受伤'反过来即'要保持移动才不受伤'
- A)与原文相反They are likely to get injured when moving too fast. 把受伤怪到'移动太快'头上,而原文说受伤最重的是 the one who is standing still——是'不动'受伤,不是'动太快'受伤,方向恰好反了。
借用原文:the player who usually gets hurt the most is the one who is standing still
- B)未提及They believe in team spirit for good performance. 讲'团队精神',但录音谈接触类运动只说了'不动的人最易受伤',全程没出现 team spirit 或团队配合的内容,属凭'运动→团队'常识硬填。
- D)原词陷阱They have to learn how to avoid body contact. 里的 body contact 借了原文 Those who play contact sports 的 contact 一词,但原文是说'接触类运动里不动的人最受伤',从没说要去'避免身体接触',是听到 contact 就想选的原词陷阱。
借用原文:Those who play contact sports
What do longevity statistics reveal about the average person?
寿命统计数据揭示了关于普通人的什么信息?
- A) 他们退休后没有多少年可活。
- B) 他们往往因提早退休而活得更长。
- C) 他们直到完全退休才开始享受生活。
- D) 他们即使退休后也让自己保持忙碌。
Longevity statistics reveal that the average person doesn't last very long after retirement.
寿命统计数据显示,普通人在退休之后活不了多久。
题干锚词 statistics reveal 在原文原样出现,紧跟即答案。录音 Longevity statistics reveal 与题干用词完全一致,是定位信号;其后宾语从句 the average person doesn't last very long after retirement 就是统计数据揭示的内容,即答案句。
- the average person doesn't last very long after retirementThey do not have many years to live after retirement.'活不了多久'='没有多少年可活'
- B)与原文相反They tend to live a longer life with early retirement. 说早退休反而更长寿,而原文是 the average person doesn't last very long after retirement——退休后活不久,且后文紧接 The moral here is don't retire,劝人别退休;选项把原文意思反了过来。
借用原文:the average person doesn't last very long after retirement
- C)原词陷阱They do not start enjoying life until full retirement. 借了原文反复出现的 retirement,造出'要等完全退休才开始享受生活',但原文谈退休只说'活不久、别退休',根本没谈'何时开始享受生活',是借原词的答非所问。
借用原文:the average person doesn't last very long after retirement
- D)张冠李戴They keep themselves busy even after retirement. 与全篇 keep moving、stay involved 主题字面相符,借了主旨词诱选;但本题问的是'统计数据揭示普通人怎样',答案是'退休后活不久',而非描述他们'退休后仍忙碌',张冠李戴。
借用原文:that is how he got to be 94, by staying involved
What bonus does the "keep moving" principle bring us according to the speaker?
根据说话者所说,"保持移动"原则给我们带来了什么额外好处?
- A) 它使我们免于担忧。
- B) 它减缓我们的衰老过程。
- C) 它使我们能够在人生中成就更多。
- D) 它为我们提供更多学习机会。
A bonus with the "keep moving" principle is that while we keep moving, we don't have a chance to worry.
"保持移动"原则带来的一个额外好处是:当我们不停活动时,就没有机会去忧虑。
题干同款词 a bonus 领起,正是好处提示句。录音 A bonus with the "keep moving" principle is that 与题干 bonus 完全同词,是定位信号;其后 while we keep moving, we don't have a chance to worry 即点出好处,为答案句。
- we don't have a chance to worryIt prevents us from worrying.'没机会去忧虑'='防止我们忧虑'
- B)未提及It slows down our aging process. 在养生话题里很顺耳,但本题答案句说的好处是 we don't have a chance to worry,全文也没说 keep moving 能 slow down aging,是用常识硬填的未提及项。
- C)答非所问It enables us to accomplish more in life. 借了前文名人成就(写作、获奖、作画到八九十岁)的语境联想,但那是第 3 段讲长寿的例子,本题问的是第 4 段的 bonus,而 bonus 明确是'没机会担忧',并非'让人成就更多',答非所问。
借用原文:Benjamin Franklin produced some of his best writings at the age of 84
- D)原词陷阱It provides us with more chances to learn. 借了第 2 段 keep moving, extending and learning 里的 learning,但那是讲 keep moving 的内涵、不是第 4 段问的 bonus;本题 bonus 是'没空担忧',与'更多学习机会'无关,是听到 learn 就想选的原词陷阱。
借用原文:the essential message is "keep moving, extending and learning."
In 2014, one in 16 Americans visited the hospital emergency room for home injuries. One of the main causes of these accidents? A wandering mind. By one estimate, people daydream through nearly half of their waking hours.
2014年,每16名美国人中就有1人因在家中受伤而前往医院急诊室。这些事故的主要原因之一是什么?心不在焉。据一项估计,人们在近一半的清醒时间里都在做白日梦。
Psychologists have recently focused on the tendency to think about something other than the task one is doing. For one experiment, researchers developed an app to analyze the relationship between daydreaming and happiness. They found that the average person's mind wandered most frequently (about 65% of the time) during personal activities, such as brushing their teeth and combing their hair. Respondents' minds tended to wander more when they felt upset rather than happy. They were more likely to wander toward pleasant topics than unpleasant ones.
心理学家最近开始关注这样一种倾向:思考正在进行的任务以外的事情。在一项实验中,研究人员开发了一款应用程序,用于分析做白日梦与幸福感之间的关系。他们发现,普通人的思绪最常游离于个人活动期间(约占65%的时间),例如刷牙和梳头。受访者感到沮丧时比感到快乐时更容易思绪游离。他们更有可能想到愉快的话题,而不是令人不快的话题。
How do daydreams affect daydreamers? A wandering mind leaves us vulnerable when driving. In one study, researchers interviewed 955 people involved in traffic accidents. The majority of them reported having daydreamed just before the accident.
白日梦会对做白日梦的人产生什么影响?思绪游离会使我们在驾车时处于易受影响的状态。在一项研究中,研究人员采访了955名卷入交通事故的人。他们中的大多数人表示,自己在事故发生前刚做过白日梦。
Yet other research suggests that daydreaming has benefits. Researchers have found that it gives us a chance to think about our goals and it also seems to increase creativity. In one experiment, 145 undergraduates completed four "unusual uses" tasks, each requiring them to list as many uses as possible for an everyday object. After the first pair of tasks was completed, one group of participants was assigned an undemanding activity intended to cause their minds to wander. When all the participants proceeded to the second pair of tasks, the daydreamers performed 40 percent better than the others.
然而,其他研究表明,做白日梦也有益处。研究人员发现,做白日梦让我们有机会思考自己的目标,而且似乎还能提高创造力。在一项实验中,145名本科生完成了四项“非常规用途”任务,每项任务都要求他们尽可能多地列出某件日常物品的用途。完成前两项任务后,一组参与者被安排进行一项要求不高、旨在促使他们思绪游离的活动。当所有参与者继续完成后两项任务时,做白日梦的参与者比其他人表现好40%。
What does the passage say about people's mind?
文章关于人们的思维说了什么?
- A) 它倾向于停留在他们快乐的经历上。
- B) 它在他们醒着的时间里有近一半时间在游离。
- C) 它在脑部受伤后难以集中注意力。
- D) 它往往会受到他们负面情绪的影响。
By one estimate, people daydream through nearly half of their waking hours.
据某项估计,人们在将近一半的清醒时间里都在走神(做白日梦)。
数字估计句即落点。本句以 By one estimate(据估计)领出一个量化结论 nearly half of their waking hours,篇章里凡跟着 "据估计/研究发现" 的量化句,往往就是承载答案的总述句,是听力定位的强信号。
- daydream through nearly half of their waking hourswanders for almost half of their waking timedaydream=wanders、hours≈time 同义改写
- A)原词陷阱A 说大脑 dwell upon their joyous experiences(沉湎于愉快经历),看似呼应原文 more likely to wander toward pleasant topics,但那是讲走神时偏向愉快话题、并非本题问的 "大脑总体特点",属答非所问,且 "沉湎/dwell upon" 原文也未说。
借用原文:They were more likely to wander toward pleasant topics than unpleasant ones.
- C)未提及C 说大脑 trouble concentrating after a brain injury(脑损伤后难以集中),原文全篇讲的是走神(mind wandering)与白日梦,从未提到 brain injury(脑损伤)这回事,属凭空捏造。
- D)原词陷阱D 说大脑 affected by their negative feelings(受负面情绪影响),借用了原文 wander more when they felt upset(心烦时更易走神)里的 upset,但原文是说 "走神频率" 受情绪影响、且偏向愉快话题,并非笼统说大脑被负面情绪左右,是把局部信息夸大、错置到本题。
借用原文:Respondents' minds tended to wander more when they felt upset rather than happy.
For what purpose did the researchers develop the new app?
研究人员开发这款新应用的目的是什么?
- A) 发现幸福感与白日梦的关系。
- B) 观察一个人的思维如何影响其行为。
- C) 了解白日梦为何影响一个人正在做的事情。
- D) 研究健康与白日梦之间的关系。
For one experiment, researchers developed an app to analyze the relationship between daydreaming and happiness.
在一项实验中,研究人员开发了一款应用程序,用来分析白日梦(走神)与幸福之间的关系。
to do 即目的落点。句中 developed an app to analyze the relationship between daydreaming and happiness 用 to analyze 直接交代开发 app 的目的,目的状语 to do 后面跟的就是答案,是目的题最硬的定位信号。
- to analyze the relationship between daydreaming and happinessTo find how happiness relates to daydreaminganalyze the relationship=find how…relates 同义
- B)原词陷阱B 说目的是 To observe how one's mind affects one's behavior(观察心智如何影响行为),借用了原文反复出现的 mind 一词,但原文 app 是分析 "走神与幸福" 的关系,并非 "心智与行为" 的关系,宾语被偷换。
借用原文:to analyze the relationship between daydreaming and happiness
- C)原词陷阱C 说目的是 To see why daydreaming impacts what one is doing(看走神为何影响手头的事),其中 "走神影响手头的事" 呼应了原文 think about something other than the task one is doing,但那是前文对走神现象的定义,不是开发 app 的目的,属答非所问。
借用原文:the tendency to think about something other than the task one is doing
- D)偷换概念D 说目的是研究 the relation between health and daydreaming(健康与走神的关系),把原文的 happiness(幸福)偷换成读音相近的 health(健康),其余几乎照搬,是最贴近正确项、最易听岔的陷阱。
借用原文:the relationship between daydreaming and happiness
How does daydreaming benefit people according to some researchers?
根据一些研究人员的说法,白日梦如何使人们受益?
- A) 它帮助他们做出正确的决定。
- B) 它帮助他们发掘自己的潜力。
- C) 它有助于他们的创造力。
- D) 它有助于清晰思考。
Yet other research suggests that daydreaming has benefits. Researchers have found that it gives us a chance to think about our goals and it also seems to increase creativity.
然而另一些研究表明,走神(白日梦)也有好处。研究人员发现,它让我们有机会思考自己的目标,似乎还能提升创造力。
转折Yet后才是好处。本段以 Yet 转折,把前文走神的坏处(开车走神出事故)一转,转折后才是本题要的好处;篇章里 yet / but / however 之后的内容常是真正落点,听到转折词要立刻提起注意。
- it also seems to increase creativityIt contributes to their creativityincrease=contributes to 同义
- A)过度推断A 说走神帮人 make good decisions(做好决定),看似贴近原文 think about our goals(思考目标),但 "思考目标" 不等于 "做好决定",原文只说给机会想目标,没说由此能做好决策,属过度推断。
借用原文:it gives us a chance to think about our goals
- B)未提及B 说走神帮人 tap their potentials(发掘潜能),原文讲到的好处只有 "思考目标" 和 "提升创造力",从未提及 potential(潜能),属凭空添加。
- D)未提及D 说走神带来 clear thinking(清晰的思考),原文列的好处是 think about goals 与 increase creativity,并无 "使思考更清晰" 之说,属无中生有的近义干扰。
What was the finding of the experiment with 145 undergraduates?
对145名本科生进行的实验有什么发现?
- A) 目标明确的受试者表现优于没有明确目标的受试者。
- B) 两组之间的表现差异不显著。
- C) 非白日梦者比白日梦者更专注于他们的任务。
- D) 白日梦者在任务表现上优于非白日梦者。
When all the participants proceeded to the second pair of tasks, the daydreamers performed 40 percent better than the others.
当所有受试者进行第二组任务时,走神(做白日梦)的那一组比其他人表现好了百分之四十。
比较+百分比即结论。句中 performed 40 percent better than the others 是带百分比的比较句,出现在整段实验描述的最后,正是实验结论;实验题里 "X% better than""outperformed" 这类末尾比较句就是答案信号。
- the daydreamers performed 40 percent better than the othersDaydreamers did better than non-daydreamers in task performanceperformed better=did better、the others=non-daydreamers
- A)原词陷阱A 说 Subjects with clear goals in mind outperformed those without clear goals(有明确目标者胜过无目标者),把分组标准说成 "有无清晰目标",但本实验分组是 "被安排走神 vs 没被安排",且 goals 一词来自第4段前文 think about our goals 而非本实验,属张冠李戴的捏造。
借用原文:it gives us a chance to think about our goals
- B)与原文相反B 说两组 The difference in performance between the two groups was insignificant(差异不显著),而原文明说差了 40 percent better——这是巨大差异,B 与原文结论完全相反。
借用原文:the daydreamers performed 40 percent better than the others
- C)与原文相反C 说 Non-daydreamers were more focused on their tasks than daydreamers(非走神者比走神者更专注于任务),把胜出方向反过来了——原文是 daydreamers 表现更好,且原文讲的是 "表现" 而非 "专注度",方向和维度都错。
借用原文:the daydreamers performed 40 percent better than the others
Dating from as far back as the 12th century, they are claimed to be the rarest historic buildings in western Europe. These buildings offer vital insight into Scandinavia's Viking past. But now, with only 30 wooden churches remaining and their condition deteriorating, experts are working to preserve the structures for future generations.
这些建筑的历史最早可追溯至12世纪,据称是西欧最为罕见的历史建筑。它们为了解斯堪的纳维亚的维京时代历史提供了重要线索。然而,如今仅存30座木制教堂,且状况日益恶化,专家们正努力保护这些建筑,使其留传给后代。
Some of these spectacular churches are no more than small buildings, barely 4 metres wide and 6 metres tall. Others are much larger structures. They soar up to 40 metres into the cold air. Most consist of timber frames that rest on stone blocks. This means that they have no foundations. Although many of the churches appear from the outside to be complex structures, they normally feature only a single storey but numerous different roof levels.
其中一些壮观的教堂不过是小型建筑,宽度勉强达到4米,高度仅6米。另一些则是大得多的建筑,高耸入寒冷的空中,最高达40米。大多数教堂由架设在石块上的木制框架构成,这意味着它们没有地基。尽管许多教堂从外观看起来结构复杂,但它们通常只有一层,却有许多不同高度的屋顶。
Staff from the Norwegian government have carried out conservation work on 10 of the churches over the past two years. Most of these churches date from between the 12th and 14th centuries. Other churches were conserved in previous years. So far, specialists have worked to add preservative materials to the churches' exteriors. They also replaced rotting roofs and halted the sinking of the churches into the ground. In two cases, huge machines have been used to lift the buildings up to 30 centimetres into the air. This was accomplished so that the team could examine and repair the churches' original medieval stone blocks. The team plans to return to around a dozen of the buildings to assess progress and consider further action.
过去两年中,挪威政府的工作人员对其中10座教堂进行了保护性修缮。这些教堂大多建于12世纪至14世纪之间。其他教堂则已在此前几年得到保护。迄今为止,专家们一直致力于为教堂外部添加防腐材料。他们还更换了腐朽的屋顶,并阻止教堂继续下沉到地面中。在其中两座教堂的修缮中,工作人员使用大型机器将建筑抬离地面,最高达30厘米。这样做是为了让团队能够检查并修复教堂原有的中世纪石块。该团队计划返回大约十几座建筑,评估保护工作的进展并考虑进一步采取措施。
The earliest free-standing wooden church was probably built in Norway in around 1080. However, the largest known wooden churches were built from the 1130s onwards. This period was one of inter-elite rivalry in which nobles sought to increase their influence by funding the construction of churches and other buildings.
最早的独立式木制教堂可能于1080年前后在挪威建成。然而,已知规模最大的木制教堂是从12世纪30年代起建造的。这一时期,各精英阶层之间相互竞争,贵族们通过资助教堂和其他建筑的建造来扩大自身影响力。
The reason for constructing the buildings from wood is probably that ideally proportioned straight and slender timber was available in large quantities in Scandinavia's vast pine forests. As wood was so plentiful, it was cheaper to use than the stone used in the buildings of other European cultures. The area's ship-building tradition, partly established by the Vikings, also meant that sophisticated carpentry was a major aspect of the local culture. The complex style of the medieval wooden church carvings, and the skills used to make them, almost certainly derive from the ancient Viking tradition.
之所以用木材建造这些建筑,可能是因为斯堪的纳维亚广袤的松林中大量生长着比例理想、笔直而纤细的木材。由于木材十分充足,与其他欧洲文化建筑中使用的石材相比,木材的成本更低。当地的造船传统部分由维京人奠定,这也意味着高超的木工技艺是当地文化的重要组成部分。中世纪木制教堂雕刻的复杂风格及其制作技艺,几乎可以肯定源自古老的维京传统。
What does the speaker say about the Viking wooden churches?
说话者对维京木制教堂有何评价?
- A) 它们是欧洲最古老的建筑。
- B) 它们是基督教传统的一部分。
- C) 它们经过翻新以吸引游客。
- D) 它们的状况正在恶化。
But now, with only 30 wooden churches remaining and their condition deteriorating, experts are working to preserve the structures for future generations.
但如今,仅存 30 座木教堂、且它们的状况正在恶化,专家们正努力为后代保护这些建筑。
转折 But now 后才是真意。前半句还在夸它们 the rarest historic buildings,一个 But now 把话锋转向现状,转折之后的 their condition deteriorating 才是说话人要落的点——听到 but now 就该把耳朵竖起来。
- their condition deterioratingin worsening conditiondeteriorating = worsening 同义改写
- A)偷换概念原文夸它们是 the rarest historic buildings in western Europe(最稀有),A 偷偷把 rarest 换成 oldest(最古老)——稀有不等于最古老,听到“最高级 + 西欧”就想选就中套了。
借用原文:the rarest historic buildings in western Europe
- B)过度推断原文只说它们是 wooden churches(木教堂),借“教堂”让你脑补“基督教传统”,但全篇真正定调的是 Scandinavia's Viking past(维京渊源),从没把它们说成基督教传统的一部分,属过度推断。
借用原文:Scandinavia's Viking past
- C)未提及原文说专家在 working to preserve the structures for future generations(为后代保护),C 却说成 renovated to attract tourists(为引客而翻新)——保护目的被换成招揽游客,原文根本没提 tourists,属无中生有。
What is special about most of the Viking wooden churches?
大多数维京木制教堂有何特别之处?
- A) 它们有14世纪的历史。
- B) 它们平均高40米。
- C) 它们没有地基。
- D) 它们由多层构成。
Most consist of timber frames that rest on stone blocks. This means that they have no foundations.
大多数教堂由架在石块上的木构架组成。这意味着它们没有地基。
Most + This means 推出特征。题干问的是 most(大多数),原文正以 Most consist of 开头,紧接一句 This means that they have no foundations 把特征点破——This means 后面的那句结论就是说话人要你抓的特别之处。
- they have no foundationswithout foundationshave no = without 否定同义
- A)原词陷阱原文说它们 Dating from as far back as the 12th century(最早可追到 12 世纪),A 把“12 世纪”歪算成“14 个世纪的历史”——12th century 是年代,14 centuries 是时长,听到数字就抓极易上当。
借用原文:Dating from as far back as the 12th century
- B)原词陷阱原文说有些大的 soar up to 40 metres(最高可达 40 米),B 却说成 40 metres tall on average(平均高 40 米)——up to(至多)被偷换成 on average(平均),且这只描述“大的那些”不是 most。
借用原文:They soar up to 40 metres into the cold air
- D)与原文相反原文明说它们 normally feature only a single storey(通常只有单层),D 却说 several storeys(好几层)——只是多了几个不同的屋顶层 roof levels,被偷换成“好几层楼”,与原文相反。
借用原文:they normally feature only a single storey but numerous different roof levels
Why were the Viking churches constructed from wood?
维京教堂为何用木材建造?
- A) 木材与自然和谐共处。
- B) 木制建筑能够御寒。
- C) 斯堪的纳维亚木材资源丰富。
- D) 维京人喜欢木质结构。
The reason for constructing the buildings from wood is probably that ideally proportioned straight and slender timber was available in large quantities in Scandinavia's vast pine forests.
用木材建造这些建筑的原因,很可能是斯堪的纳维亚广袤的松林里盛产比例匀称、笔直纤细的木材。
The reason…is 直接点原因。原文用 The reason for constructing the buildings from wood is probably that 把原因明明白白引出来,后半句 available in large quantities 就是真因——“The reason…is”是最直白的因果信号,听到就锁。
- timber was available in large quantities in Scandinavia's vast pine forestsTimber was abundant in Scandinavia.available in large quantities = abundant 概括
- A)未提及“木头与自然和谐”听着很顺,但原文给的原因是木材量大又便宜(cheaper to use than the stone),从没说过 harmonious with nature,属无中生有。
- B)未提及原文只提到 the cold air(冷空气)描述教堂高耸的环境,B 借这个“冷”字脑补成“木建筑御寒”,但用木头的原因和保暖毫无关系,属未提及。
借用原文:They soar up to 40 metres into the cold air
- D)张冠李戴原文里 Vikings 出现在“造船传统”和“雕刻技艺源自维京”的语境(partly established by the Vikings),D 却把它说成“维京人喜欢木结构”——用木的真因是“木材多又便宜”,把原因安到“维京偏好”头上,是张冠李戴。
借用原文:partly established by the Vikings
In last week's lecture, we discussed the characteristics of the newly born offspring of several mammals. You probably remember that human infants are less developed physically than other mammals of the same age. But in today's lecture, we'll look at three very interesting studies that hint at the surprising abilities of human babies.
在上周的讲座中,我们讨论了几种哺乳动物新生幼崽的特征。你们可能还记得,与同龄的其他哺乳动物相比,人类婴儿在身体发育方面不够成熟。但在今天的讲座中,我们将了解三项非常有趣的研究,这些研究暗示了人类婴儿令人惊讶的能力。
In the first study, three-year-olds watched two videos shown side by side, each featuring a different researcher, one of whom they'd met once two years earlier. The children spent longer watching the video showing the researcher they hadn't met. This is consistent with young children's usual tendency to look longer at things that aren't familiar. And really this is amazing. It suggests the children remembered the researcher they'd met just one time when they were only one-year-olds. Of course, as most of us forget memories from our first few years as we grow older, these early long-term memories will likely be lost in subsequent years.
在第一项研究中,三岁的儿童观看了并排播放的两段视频,每段视频中都有一位不同的研究人员,其中一位是他们两年前见过一次的。孩子们观看未曾见过的那位研究人员的视频的时间更长。这与幼儿通常更倾向于长时间注视不熟悉事物的倾向相一致。而且,这确实令人惊叹。这表明,孩子们还记得那位他们只见过一次的研究人员,而当时他们还只有一岁。当然,随着年龄增长,我们大多数人都会忘记最初几年里的记忆,因此这些早期的长期记忆很可能会在之后的岁月中消失。
Our second study is about music. For this study, researchers played music to babies through speakers located on either side of a human face. They waited until the babies got bored and averted their gaze from the face. And then they changed the mood of the music, either from sad to happy or the other way around. This mood switch made no difference to the three-month-olds; but for the nine-month-olds, it was enough to renew their interest and they started looking again in the direction of the face. This suggests that babies of that age can tell the difference between a happy melody and a sad tune.
我们的第二项研究与音乐有关。在这项研究中,研究人员通过位于一张人脸两侧的扬声器向婴儿播放音乐。他们一直等到婴儿感到厌倦并将视线从人脸上移开。然后,他们改变音乐的情绪,可以是从悲伤变为欢快,也可以反过来。对于三个月大的婴儿来说,这种情绪转换没有产生任何影响;但对九个月大的婴儿来说,这足以重新引起他们的兴趣,他们开始再次朝着人脸的方向注视。这表明,这个年龄段的婴儿能够分辨欢快的旋律和悲伤的曲调之间的差异。
Our final study is from 1980, but it's still relevant today. In fact, it's one of the most famous pieces of research about infant emotion ever published. The study involved ordinary adults watching video clips of babies nine months or younger. In the video clips, the babies made various facial expressions in response to real-life events including playful interactions and painful ones. The adult observers were able to reliably discern an assortment of emotions on the babies' faces. These emotions included interest, joy, surprise, sadness, anger, disgust, contempt, and fear.
我们的最后一项研究始于1980年,但在今天仍然具有相关性。事实上,这是有史以来发表的有关婴儿情绪的最著名研究之一。这项研究让普通成年人观看九个月大或更小婴儿的视频片段。在这些视频片段中,婴儿针对包括嬉戏互动和痛苦经历在内的现实生活事件做出了各种面部表情。成年观察者能够可靠地辨认出婴儿脸上的多种情绪。这些情绪包括兴趣、喜悦、惊讶、悲伤、愤怒、厌恶、轻蔑和恐惧。
Next week, we'll be looking at this last study more closely. In fact, we will be viewing some of the video clips from that study. And together, see how well we do in discerning the babies' emotions.
下周,我们将更仔细地研究这最后一项研究。事实上,我们将观看其中的一些视频片段。并且,我们将一起看看自己在辨认婴儿情绪方面做得有多好。
What are the three interesting studies about?
这三项有趣的研究是关于什么的?
- A) 人类婴儿与动物幼崽之间的相似之处。
- B) 不同新生哺乳动物的认知特征。
- C) 成人对儿童的影响。
- D) 人类婴儿的能力。
But in today's lecture, we'll look at three very interesting studies that hint at the surprising abilities of human babies.
但在今天的讲座里,我们将看三项非常有趣的研究,它们暗示了人类婴儿令人惊讶的能力。
转折 But 后的点题句。前一句先说上周讲的是哺乳动物、人类婴儿"physically less developed",紧接着用 But in today's lecture 转折,转折之后才是今天的真正主题;篇章独白里开头的 But / Today 之后那句通常就是全篇点题句。
- the surprising abilities of human babiesAbilities of human babies去掉修饰的同义概括
- A)原词陷阱录音开头说上周讨论过 the newly born offspring of several mammals 并把人类婴儿与其他哺乳动物作比,A 把"人类婴儿与动物幼崽的相似"当成今天主题,实际那是上周内容、且"相似"也非录音重点,是用旧话题骗"听到 babies 和 animals 就选"。
借用原文:we discussed the characteristics of the newly born offspring of several mammals
- B)原词陷阱录音确有 other mammals of the same age 一语,B 借此把主题说成"不同新生哺乳动物的认知特征",但今天三项研究全讲人类婴儿、哺乳动物只是引子,这是把范围错放到了哺乳动物身上。
借用原文:human infants are less developed physically than other mammals of the same age
- C)未提及C 说三项研究是关于"成人对孩子的影响",但录音三项研究分别讲婴儿的记忆、辨乐、情绪,全程没有"成人影响孩子"这一主题(第四项里成人只是观察者),属凭空捏造。
What does the second study find about nine-month-old babies?
第二项研究关于九个月大的婴儿有什么发现?
- A) 他们能够区分欢快的曲调和悲伤的曲调。
- B) 他们更喜欢欢快的旋律而不是悲伤的旋律。
- C) 他们在听音乐时很容易入睡。
- D) 他们已经对节拍和节奏很敏感。
This suggests that babies of that age can tell the difference between a happy melody and a sad tune.
这表明那个月龄的婴儿能够分辨欢快的旋律和悲伤的曲调。
结论句 This suggests。实验描述之后用 This suggests that 引出研究结论,研究发现题的答案几乎都落在 suggests / shows / found 这类结论句上,而不在前面的实验过程描述里。
- can tell the difference between a happy melody and a sad tunedistinguish a happy tune from a sad onetell the difference=distinguish
- B)原词陷阱录音通篇讲的是婴儿"能分辨"快乐与悲伤的曲子,从未说他们"更喜欢快乐的";B 借用了 happy / sad 这组录音真实出现的词,却把"能区分"偷换成"更偏爱欢快的",是 A 的对立干扰。
借用原文:either from sad to happy or the other way around
- C)原词陷阱录音里婴儿是"got bored and averted their gaze"(厌倦后移开视线),C 却说他们"听音乐容易睡着";它借 music 这个真实话题词,编造了录音从未提到的"睡着"反应。
借用原文:They waited until the babies got bored and averted their gaze from the face
- D)未提及D 说婴儿"对节拍和韵律敏感",但本段只讲"能分辨快乐与悲伤的曲调",从未提及 beats and rhythms;这是引入录音没有的新概念。
What is the 1980 study about?
1980年的研究是关于什么的?
- A) 婴儿的面部表情。
- B) 婴儿的情绪。
- C) 婴儿与成人的互动。
- D) 婴儿的行为。
In fact, it's one of the most famous pieces of research about infant emotion ever published.
事实上,它是有史以来发表过的关于婴儿情绪的最著名研究之一。
定性句 research about。录音用 research about infant emotion 直接给这项研究下定义,about 后面的词就是研究主题;定性句优先于后文列举的表情、互动等具体环节。
- research about infant emotionBabies' emotionsinfant=baby、emotion同词
- A)原词陷阱录音确实提到婴儿 made various facial expressions,A 借此说研究"关于面部表情";但表情只是观察手段——成人通过看表情来判断情绪,研究真正的主题是"情绪"。这是最像对的原词陷阱。
借用原文:the babies made various facial expressions
- C)原词陷阱录音说视频里的事件"including playful interactions",C 借 interaction 说研究"关于婴儿与成人的互动";但互动只是触发婴儿表情的情境之一,并非研究主题,且 C 还把它说成"与成人的互动",偏离了研究核心。
借用原文:real-life events including playful interactions and painful ones
- D)偷换概念D 用"婴儿的行为"这一最宽泛的词概括研究,但录音明确定性为关于"情绪"的研究,"行为"既未被录音用来定义这项研究、范围也过大,是以宽代窄的干扰。
借用原文:research about infant emotion
Today I'd like to talk about the dangers of being too collaborative. Being a good team player is an essential skill in our modern workplace. The ability to work well with others and collaborate on projects is a sought-after ability in nearly every position. However, placing too much emphasis on being a good team player can negatively affect your career growth.
今天我想谈谈过度协作的危险。在现代职场中,成为优秀的团队成员是一项必备技能。能够与他人良好合作并共同推进项目,几乎是每个职位都看重的能力。然而,过分强调成为优秀的团队成员,可能会对你的职业发展产生负面影响。
Don't be overly focused on gaining consensus. Don't be too concerned with the opinions of others. This can hinder your ability to make decisions, speak up, and gain recognition for your individual skills and strengths. Some people are too subordinate to others' opinions, too focused on decision consensus, too silent about their own point of view, too agreeable to take things on when they don't have time or energy. This leads to building a brand of underconfident, submissive, low-impact non-leaders and hampers their growth and career advancement.
不要过度专注于取得共识,也不要过分在意他人的意见。这可能会妨碍你做出决定、表达自己的看法,以及凭借个人技能和优势获得认可。有些人过于受他人意见左右,过于注重决策共识,对自己的观点过于沉默;当自己没有时间或精力时,也过于轻易地答应承担任务。这会使他们逐渐形成缺乏自信、顺从、影响力低下的非领导者形象,并阻碍他们的成长和职业发展。
Collaboration certainly makes your individual competencies and contributions more difficult for outsiders to identify. Collaborative projects mean you're sharing the spotlight with others. Outsiders may then find it difficult to determine your contributions and strengths. This may end up costing you opportunities for promotions or pay raises.
协作无疑会让外部人士更难发现你的个人能力和贡献。协作项目意味着你要与他人共享关注和荣誉。因此,外部人士可能很难判断你的贡献和优势。这最终可能使你失去晋升或加薪的机会。
You certainly shouldn't ditch teamwork, but how can you avoid the hazards of being an over-collaborator?
你当然不应该放弃团队合作,但要如何避免成为过度协作者所带来的风险呢?
Working in a team can have huge benefits. Your team may have repeated successes and often gain recognition. You then have more opportunities to expand your professional network than if you worked alone. However, finding a balance between team efforts and individual projects that give you independent recognition is important for making a name for yourself and providing opportunities for advancement.
在团队中工作可以带来巨大的益处。你的团队可能会不断取得成功,并经常获得认可。与独自工作相比,这样你也会有更多机会拓展职业人脉。然而,要想打造自己的声誉并获得发展机会,在团队合作与能够让你独立获得认可的个人项目之间找到平衡非常重要。
Be selective in who you work with. This will maximize the benefits and minimize the downsides of being a team player. Collaborate with people who have complementary expertise. Select projects where there's potential for mutual benefit. Perhaps you're bringing your unique knowledge and gaining access to someone else's professional network. Or maybe you're able to learn a new skill by working with someone. Seek out your teammates purposefully rather than jumping on every new group project opportunity.
选择性地决定与你共事的人。这将最大限度地发挥团队成员身份的益处,并将其弊端降到最低。与拥有互补专业能力的人合作。选择那些具有互惠潜力的项目。也许你能贡献自己独特的知识,同时接触到他人的职业人脉;或者,你可以通过与某人合作来学习一项新技能。应有目的地寻找队友,而不是抓住每一个新团队项目的机会就参与其中。
When we're too collaborative, we want everyone to agree with a decision before we proceed. This can create unnecessary delays as you hold meetings trying to achieve a consensus. It's fine to be collaborative when seeking input, but put a deadline on the input stage and arrive at a decision, even if it's a decision that doesn't have consensus.
当我们过于注重协作时,往往希望所有人在继续推进之前都同意某项决定。这可能会导致不必要的延误,因为你要不断召开会议,试图达成共识。在征求意见时采取协作方式没有问题,但应为征求意见阶段设定截止时间,并做出决定,即使这个决定没有得到所有人的共识。
What does the speaker say about being over collaborative?
说话者对过度合作有何看法?
- A) 它可能损害当今职场的文化。
- B) 它可能阻碍个人职业发展。
- C) 它可能导致不愿承担风险。
- D) 它可能给团队成员施加过大压力。
However, placing too much emphasis on being a good team player can negatively affect your career growth.
然而,过分强调做一个好的团队成员,会对你的职业成长产生负面影响。
转折词 However 后才是真意。前一句还在夸团队精神是必备技能,However, placing too much emphasis on being a good team player can negatively affect your career growth. 用 However 一转,才点出过度协作的核心危害——这句转折后的话就是答案句。
- negatively affect your career growthhinder individual career advancementnegatively affect=hinder,career growth=career advancement
- A)原词陷阱录音第一段确实念到 our modern workplace,A 项 It may harm the culture of today's workplace. 借这个 workplace 制造"听到就想选"的错觉,但原文从未说过过度协作会损害"职场文化",危害对象是"你的职业成长",不是文化。
借用原文:our modern workplace
- C)未提及It may result in unwillingness to take risks. 说的"导致不愿冒险"在录音里找不到任何对应表述,是凭"过度协作好像会让人保守"的常识硬推出来的。
- D)原词陷阱It may put too much pressure on team members. 套着"团队成员"这个全篇高频语境,但原文讲的危害是"拖累你自己的发展",从没说过"给团队成员太大压力",方向答非所问。
借用原文:being a good team player
What does the speaker say about people engaged in collaborative projects?
说话者对参与合作项目的人有何看法?
- A) 他们几乎无法表达自己的原创观点。
- B) 他们做自己项目的动力可能会降低。
- C) 他们可能发现自己的贡献难以获得认可。
- D) 他们最终可能失去信心和创造力。
Collaboration certainly makes your individual competencies and contributions more difficult for outsiders to identify. Collaborative projects mean you're sharing the spotlight with others. Outsiders may then find it difficult to determine your contributions and strengths.
协作确实会让外人更难看清你个人的能力与贡献。协作项目意味着你要和别人分享聚光灯。于是外人可能很难判断出你的贡献和长处。
围绕 contributions 反复强调的核心句。这一段三句都在说同一件事——more difficult for outsiders to identify、Outsiders may then find it difficult to determine your contributions and strengths.,反复强调"贡献被外人难以识别",这种重复正是答案落点。
- Outsiders may then find it difficult to determine your contributions and strengthsThey may find it hard to get their contributions recognizedoutsiders determine your contributions=get contributions recognized
- A)张冠李戴They can hardly give expression to their original views. 像第二段"too silent about their own point of view"的影子,但那段讲的是"过度迁就者",不是本题问的"做协作项目的人",且本题答案句明确在讲"贡献难被识别",与"表达观点"不是一回事。
借用原文:too silent about their own point of view
- B)未提及They can become less motivated to do projects of their own. 把"积极性下降、不愿做个人项目"当后果,但录音第三段只讲"贡献难被外人看清",从没说协作会让人"丧失做个人项目的动力",属凭推测添加。
- D)过度推断They may eventually lose their confidence and creativity 里 confidence 与第二段 underconfident 沾边,但那是讲过度迁就者的"品牌形象",本题答案句根本没提 confidence 或 creativity,且 eventually lose 把后果夸到"丧失",是过度推断。
借用原文:underconfident
How do people benefit from working in a team?
人们如何从团队工作中受益?
- A) 他们可以扩大自己的职业圈子。
- B) 他们可以获得参与研究的机会。
- C) 他们可以充分利用自己的专长。
- D) 他们可以更轻松地完成项目。
You then have more opportunities to expand your professional network than if you worked alone.
于是相比单干,你会有更多机会去扩展自己的职业人脉网络。
benefits 后列举的具体好处句。本段以 Working in a team can have huge benefits 开头点出"团队有大好处",随后 more opportunities to expand your professional network 就是它列出的那条具体好处——益处总起句之后紧跟的具体项即答案。
- expand your professional networkenlarge their professional circleexpand=enlarge,network=circle
- B)未提及They can get chances to engage in research. 里的 research 在整篇录音里从未出现,是凭空添加的好处。
- C)原词陷阱expertise 确在第六段念过(Collaborate with people who have complementary expertise),C 项 They can make the best use of their expertise. 借此诱选,但那段讲的是"如何挑选合作对象",且原文是"找互补专长的人",不是"用好自己的专长",答非所问。
借用原文:complementary expertise
- D)未提及They can complete the project more easily. 听上去"人多好办事"很顺,但录音讲团队好处时只提"重复的成功、被认可、扩展人脉",从没说"项目能更轻松完成",是常识脑补。
Why is it undesirable to spend too much time trying to reach consensus?
为什么花费过多时间试图达成共识是不可取的?
- A) 它可能在团队中引发大量争论。
- B) 它可能妨碍及时做出决策。
- C) 它可能产生大量不必要的开支。
- D) 它可能剥夺团队的商业机会。
When we're too collaborative, we want everyone to agree with a decision before we proceed. This can create unnecessary delays as you hold meetings trying to achieve a consensus.
当我们过度协作时,我们想在推进前让每个人都同意某个决定。这会造成不必要的拖延,因为你要不停开会去达成共识。
因果句 This can create…+ delays 是后果落点。This can create unnecessary delays as you hold meetings trying to achieve a consensus. 用 This can create…直接给出"耗时求共识"的后果——不必要的拖延,这句因果就是答案句。
- This can create unnecessary delaysIt may prevent making a timely decisioncreate delays=prevent a timely decision
- A)原词陷阱本段反复念 achieve a consensus,A 项 It may cause lots of arguments in a team. 借"共识/团队"语境诱选,但原文讲的后果是"拖延"不是"争论"——求共识恰恰是为了避免分歧,说"引发大量争论"反而拧了。
借用原文:achieve a consensus
- C)偷换概念It may give rise to a lot of unnecessary expenses. 顺着 you hold meetings 的开会画面联想到"花钱",但原文 unnecessary 修饰的是 delays(拖延)不是 expenses(开销),是把"不必要的拖延"偷换成了"不必要的花费"。
借用原文:unnecessary delays
- D)过度推断It may deprive a team of business opportunities. 说的"错失商业机会"在末段找不到对应,是从"拖延→可能误事"再往前推了一步的脑补,原文止于"拖延"。
35 句真题句逐层精讲
下列真题句各有独立的句子解析页——中文翻译、结构树逐层拆解、成分与时态、考点讲解与真题高频词。点击句子进入完整解析。
- W: My day mainly incorporates responding to emails, writing and editing stories and coming up with new feature ideas.
本句宾语由三个动名词短语并列构成,可练习识别动名词作宾语及并列结构的切分,且句中包含主谓宾和状语四种基本成分,成分种类较丰富,但无定语从句、补语等更复杂的成分类型,训练价值中等偏上
- Ultimately, though, we're the same as our readers, but working in a job we're all very lucky to have.
句子结构典型:主系表 + 并列状语 + 嵌套定语从句(关系代词省略)是四六级和考研阅读中的常见句式;转折连词 "but" 和定语从句的组合也是高频考点;掌握后可迁移到大量类似句子的理解。
- After three years of working in a petrol station and doing unpaid work, I still hadn't managed to get an entry-level job.
"After + 时间段" 引导的时间状语从句加主句,是四六级和考研阅读中的高频句式。过去完成时搭配时间状语从句表达 "在某段时间之后仍未完成某事" 的逻辑,也是常见考查点。句式结构具有较强的代表性和可复用性。
- W: I'm sorry, do you mean to say, it's a real-life series about a real person?
本句是口语对话中常见的确认型疑问句,"do you mean to say"加宾语从句的结构在真题听力和对话类阅读中较为典型。两个主句并列、其中一个带宾语从句的配置也是基础题型常考模式,具有一定的复用价值,但不属于最高频的复杂长难句类型。
- It's fiction, as what happens in every episode is made up.
本句涵盖主系表结构、被动语态、主语从句("what" 引导)、状语从句("as" 引导)、以及 "what" 在从句中充当主语的双重角色,成分种类较丰富。对学生练习从句识别、被动语态和名词性从句有一定价值,但缺少宾语、定语等其他常见成分。
- All those things are true, but aside from him, all his friends and family are played by actors.
"but" 连接的并列转折句是四六级和考研阅读中的常见句式,被动语态也是高频考点。句首状语 + 主句主干的布局在真题中经常出现。这种 "承认事实 + but 转折" 的逻辑结构具有较强的代表性,学生掌握后可迁移到类似的对比或让步结构。不过句子整体较短、结构相对简单,没有复杂从句或多重修饰,因此典型性处于中等偏上水平。
- And the plots and events that take place are also invented.
主句采用被动语态陈述事实,定语从句修饰主语中的名词,这种结构在考试阅读中较为常见,具备一定代表性,学生掌握后可迁移到类似句式,但不属于特别高频的复杂典型句式。
- In fact, the whole show is written, directed, edited and produced by him, and is very funny and has won many awards.
本句覆盖了主语、多组并列谓语(被动谓语、系动词、完成时谓语)、表语、宾语、状语等多种成分,且并列谓语的切分和归属是常见易错点;尤其是 "directed, edited, produced" 承前省略 "is",需要学生识别并列结构中的省略现象,训练价值较高。
- The show has been running for over ten years, and some of the actors are practically global superstars, now that they are such famous celebrities.
并列主句 + 原因状语从句的组合在四六级和考研真题中较为常见,现在完成进行时也是高频考点;"now that" 引导原因状语从句的用法具有一定代表性;但本句缺少定语从句、宾语从句等更高频的从句类型,典型性不算最高,属于较典型的句式。
- It is based on the real-life experiences of some celebrities.
简单句 + 被动语态 + 介词短语状语是考试中常见的基础句式,具有一定代表性,但结构过于简单,未能体现真题中常见的复杂修饰或从句嵌套特征。
- Watch it with the man.
祈使句是常见句式,在口语和应用文中高频出现,具有一定代表性。但在四六级或考研阅读真题中,祈使句出现频率低于陈述句和各类从句,典型性中等
- Of course, you'll need some time to catch your breath every so often, but the essential message is "keep moving, extending and learning."
转折并列句是四六级和考研常见句式,"but" 连接让步与强调的逻辑在议论文和说明文中频繁出现,掌握后可迁移到类似结构
- Hence, we avoid the dreaded "paralysis by analysis".
涵盖主谓宾和状语、定语五种成分,宾语部分带有过去分词作定语可供练习前置定语识别,但整体成分配置较常规,易错点不多。
- They do not start enjoying life until full retirement.
"not ... until" 结构是英语中表达「直到...才」的典型句式,在四六级和考研阅读中频繁出现,掌握这个结构及其变体(如倒装形式 "Not until ... do/does ...")对理解考试文本很有帮助,代表性较强。
- It provides us with more chances to learn.
这种“主语加谓语加双重对象关系,再接不定式修饰名词”的写法很常见,阅读中反复会遇到。掌握后可迁移到大量类似表达。
- It tends to dwell upon their joyous experiences.
简单句结构在考试中常见,tend to do 也是典型的动词搭配用法,但本句过于简洁,缺少从句、复杂修饰或多重嵌套等考试中频繁出现的复杂句式特征,代表性一般。
- But now, with only 30 wooden churches remaining and their condition deteriorating, experts are working to preserve the structures for future generations.
with 复合结构作状语 + 不定式表目的是考试高频句式,且状语插入分隔主谓的现象在真题中常见,具有较强代表性
- Staff from the Norwegian government have carried out conservation work on 10 of the churches over the past two years.
本句采用典型的主谓宾结构配合现在完成时和时间状语,这种表达过去一段时间内完成动作的句式在四六级和考研阅读中频繁出现,尤其在新闻报道和说明文体裁中常见,学习者掌握后可直接迁移到大量类似句型。
- In two cases, huge machines have been used to lift the buildings up to 30 centimetres into the air.
本句结构在四六级和考研真题中较为典型:被动语态的现在完成时是常考时态,不定式作目的状语是高频用法,句首介词短语作状语也是常见句式。这种 "状语 + 主语 + 被动谓语 + 目的状语" 的组合在阅读理解和翻译题中经常出现,掌握后可大量复用。虽然没有从句嵌套,但简单句的典型性同样重要,学生可借此巩固基本句型和常用语法点。
- This was accomplished so that the team could examine and repair the churches' original medieval stone blocks.
"主句 + so that 目的状语从句" 是四六级和考研阅读中的典型句式,且主句使用被动语态也非常常见。掌握这种结构后可以在大量真题句中复用,具有较高的代表性
- Timber was abundant in Scandinavia.
主系表加地点状语是英语中的常见句式,在描述客观事实或历史背景时经常出现,具有一定代表性但句式过于简单不具备考试难度
- In the first study, three-year-olds watched two videos shown side by side, each featuring a different researcher, one of whom they'd met once two years earlier.
主句涵盖主语、谓语、宾语、地点状语、后置定语等多种成分,宾语带有复杂修饰结构(过去分词短语、独立主格)。定语从句中关系代词"whom"作宾语,且出现在"one of whom"这种稍复杂的结构中,对学生识别关系代词的句法功能很有练习价值。全句成分丰富,修饰层次多样,作为划分句子成分的练习材料收益较高。
- Of course, as most of us forget memories from our first few years as we grow older, these early long-term memories will likely be lost in subsequent years.
句子覆盖主谓宾、主系表、状语从句、插入语、定语、被动语态等多种成分和结构;两个 "as" 的区分和嵌套关系是典型易错点;适合作为分句识别和成分划分的练习材料
- They waited until the babies got bored and averted their gaze from the face.
主句 + until 引导的时间状语从句是四六级和考研阅读中的常见句式,until 从句表示动作终止时间点的用法具有一定代表性。从句内并列谓语的结构也较为典型。但句子整体偏短,缺少复杂修饰成分或多层嵌套,作为高频句式的完整代表性略显不足。
- In fact, it's one of the most famous pieces of research about infant emotion ever published.
主系表结构 + 后置定语修饰是四六级和考研阅读中的常见句式,"one of the most + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数" 也是高频表达;但本句为简单句,缺少从句、并列等复杂结构,典型性中等。
- However, placing too much emphasis on being a good team player can negatively affect your career growth.
动名词短语作主语搭配情态动词谓语是四六级和考研阅读中的常见句式,尤其在议论文和说明文中频繁出现。本句结构简洁且具有代表性,掌握后可迁移至大量同类句型。但由于是简单句,缺少从句嵌套等更典型的复杂结构,典型性略打折扣。
- Don't be too concerned with the opinions of others.
祈使句在口语和建议类写作中常见,"Don't be + 形容词" 句型实用性强,但在四六级、考研阅读中出现频率不如陈述句或复合句高,典型性中等。
- Some people are too subordinate to others' opinions, too focused on decision consensus, too silent about their own point of view, too agreeable to take things on when they don't have time or energy.
主句展示了主系表结构中多个并列表语的划分,有一定练习价值。从句虽简单但包含主谓宾基本成分。句中涉及不定式短语 "to take things on" 作表语补充,以及时间状语从句的嵌入位置,提供了成分归属和修饰关系的辨析机会,成分种类较丰富。
- Outsiders may then find it difficult to determine your contributions and strengths.
find it + 形容词 + to do 结构是四六级和考研阅读、写作中的高频句式,形式宾语 it 的用法也是语法考点中的常客,本句结构具有很强的典型性和可迁移性,掌握后能够应用于大量类似句子。
- You certainly shouldn't ditch teamwork, but how can you avoid the hazards of being an over-collaborator?
转折并列句配合否定建议与疑问句的组合,是四六级和考研真题中常见的句式;情态动词、后置定语、疑问句语序等语法点都属于高频考点;学生掌握本句结构后,可以迁移到大量类似的转折论证、问题提出类句子中,具有较高的典型性和复用价值。
- It may put too much pressure on team members.
简单句结构在四六级和考研阅读中常见,情态动词表推测也是基础考点。但简单句本身不足以体现真题中更高频的复合句、长难句特征,作为句式代表性中等。
- What does the speaker say about people engaged in collaborative projects?
特殊疑问句+宾语从句的结构在四六级听力和阅读理解题干中高频出现(如"What does the author suggest about..."),且后置定语修饰名词也是常考句式,具有较强的代表性和迁移价值。
- They can hardly give expression to their original views.
情态动词 + 动词原形 + 宾语 + 介词短语状语是四六级和考研阅读中常见的句式,尤其 give expression to 这类固定搭配和情态动词否定(can hardly)的表达在真题中频繁出现,掌握后有较好的迁移性。
- They may eventually lose their confidence and creativity
情态动词加动词原形的结构在四六级和考研中较为常见,表达推测、可能性、建议等语气是高频考点;简单句结构虽基础,但情态动词用法的迁移性强,掌握后可应用于多种表达场景,具有一定典型性。
- It may give rise to a lot of unnecessary expenses.
简单句 + 情态动词 + 短语动词的组合在四六级、考研阅读中较为常见,具有一定代表性;但结构过于简单,无从句嵌套或复杂修饰,不属于高频考查的复杂句式,典型性中等
本卷出现的 270 个英语六级真题高频词
下列单词既在本卷录音原文中出现,又是 英语六级 历年真题的高频词(在该考试真题中出现的句子数均不少于 8)。每个词标注本卷 出现次数与该考试真题句频,点击可查看该词的释义、音标、词形与真题例句。
- researcherB2n. 研究人员
- projectA2n. 项目
- woodenA2adj. 木制的,木头的
- benefitB1n. 好处
- featureB1n. 特征
- collaborativeC1adj. 合作的
- opportunityB1n. 机会
- careerB1n. 职业
- playerA2n. 运动员
- retirementB2n. 退休
- consensusC1n. (意见的)一致
- wanderB1v. 漫步
- tendB1v. 倾向于,往往会
- individualB2adj. 单独的
- affectB1v. 影响
- averageA2adj. 平均的
- gainB1v. 获得;赢得
- certainlyA2adv. 当然
- structureB1n. 结构
- editorB1n. 编辑
- editB1v. 编辑
- wouldA1aux. (will 的过去式)将要,会
- lessA1det. 较少的
- likelyA2adj. 很可能的
- viewA2n. 观点,看法
- eventA2n. 事件
- performanceB1n. 表演
- professionalB1adj. 专业的
- seekB1v. 寻找
- principleB2n. 原则,准则
- revealB2v. 揭示
- fashionB1n. 时尚;流行款式
- creativityB2n. 创造力
- celebrityB2n. 名人,名流
- contactB1n. 联系
- preserveB2v. 保护
- originalB1adj. 最初的,原始的
- recognitionB2n. 认可
- traditionB1n. 传统
- contributionB2n. 贡献
- advancementB2n. 进步
- comedyB1n. 喜剧(作品)
- mammalB1n. 哺乳动物
- clipB1v. 用夹子夹住
- timberB2n. 木材
- focusB1n. 重点
- accordC1n. (国家、团体间的)协议
- growthB1n. 增长
- potentialB2adj. 潜在的
- participantB2n. 参与者
- involveB1v. 包含
- contributeB1v. 捐献
- recentlyA2adv. 最近
- workplaceB1n. 工作场所
- responsibilityB1n. 责任
- engageB2v. 参与;从事
- easilyA2adv. 容易地
- complexB2adj. 复杂的,难懂的
- essentialB1adj. 必不可少的
- theoryB1n. 理论
- happinessA2n. 幸福
- interactionB2n. 相互作用
- networkB1n. 网络
- opinionA2n. 观点
- appB1n. 应用程序
- lectureB1n. 讲座
- infantB2n. 婴儿
- readerA2n. 读者
- confidenceB1n. 信心
- unnecessaryB1adj. 不必要的;多余的
- expressionB1n. 表达
- moodA2n. 心情
- foundationB2n. 基础;根基
- statisticB2n. 统计数字
- tendencyB2n. 倾向
- strengthB1n. 力量
- injuryB1n. (身体)伤害,损伤
- accomplishB2v. 完成,实现(任务、目标)
- consistB2v. 由...组成
- expertiseC1n. 专业知识;专门技能
- inputB1n. 输入的信息、数据
- physicallyB1adv. 身体上
- undergraduateB2n. 大学本科生
- roofA2n. 屋顶
- hinderB2v. 阻碍,妨碍
- newlyB1adv. 最近
- blockA2n. 街区
- focusedB1adj. 集中注意力的
- longevityC1n. 长寿
- proceedB2v. 继续进行
- constructB2v. 建造
- glamorousB2adj. 有魅力的
- plotB1n. (小说、戏剧等的)情节
- collaborateB2v. 合作
- melodyB2n. 旋律,曲调
- betterA1adj. 更好的(good 的比较级)
- impactB2n. 影响
- actuallyA2adv. 实际上,事实上(用于纠正或补充信息)
- behaviorB1n. 行为
- relationshipB1n. 关系
- riskA2n. 风险
- issueB1n. 问题
- localA2adj. 当地的
- globalB2adj. 全球的
- negativeB1adj. 否定的
- baseA2n. 基础
- processB1n. 过程
- findingB2n. 调查结果
- decadeB1n. 十年
- expertB1n. 专家
- claimB1v. 声称
- majorB1adj. 主要的
- accessB1n. 进入
- caseA2n. 情况
- publishB1v. 出版,发行(书籍、杂志等)
- cognitiveC1adj. 认知的
- furtherB1adv. 更远地
- identifyB1v. 识别
- currentB1adj. 现在的
- enableB1v. 使能够
- thinkingA2n. 思考
- attractB1v. 吸引(注意力、兴趣)
- materialB1n. 材料
- realizeB1v. 意识到,认识到
- availableA2adj. 可获得的
- variousB1adj. 各种各样的
- determineB2v. 决定
- performB1v. 执行
- generationB2n. 一代人
- conceptB2n. 概念
- pressureB1n. 心理压力
- psychologistB2n. 心理学家
- uniqueB2adj. 独特的
- beautyA2n. 美
- emailA2n. 电子邮件
- mainlyB1adv. 主要地
- respondB1v. 回答,答复
- responseB1n. 回答
- argumentB1n. 争论
- majorityB2n. 大多数,大部分
- aspectB2n. 方面
- analysisB2n. 分析
- balanceB1n. 平衡
- observeB2v. 观察;注意到
- recommendB1v. 推荐
- attendA2v. 出席,参加(会议、活动等)
- expenseB1n. 花费
- harmB1n. 伤害
- adaptB2v. 适应,适合(新环境、新情况)
- previousB1adj. 先前的
- staffB1n. 全体员工
- styleA2n. 方式
- concernedB1adj. 担心的
- establishB2v. 建立,创立(组织、机构、关系等)
- femaleA2adj. 女性的
- recognizeB1v. 认出
- replaceA2v. 替换,更换(用新的代替旧的)
- expandB2v. 扩大;扩展;增长
- attemptB1v. 试图
- relatedB1adj. 相关的
- relevantB2adj. 相关的
- brandB1n. 品牌,商标
- characteristicB2n. 特征
- estimateB2v. 估计
- maleA2adj. 男性的
- ultimatelyB2adv. 最终;终归
- seriesB1n. 系列
- eventuallyB1adv. 最终
- moralB2adj. 道德的
- frequentlyB1adv. 频繁地
- stageA2n. 阶段
- switchA2v. 转换
- assessB2v. 评估
- fundB2n. 资金
- vulnerableC1adj. 易受伤害的
- promotionB2n. 晋升,升职
- sociallyB1adv. 在社交方面
- vitalB2adj. 极其重要的,必不可少的
- workingA2adj. 有工作的
- closelyB1adv. 紧密地
- extendB1v. 延伸;延长
- extentB2n. 程度
- familiarB1adj. 熟悉的
- analyzeB2v. 分析
- collaborationB2n. 合作
- delayB1n. 延迟
- clothingA2n. 衣服
- typicallyB1adv. 通常,一般
- vastB2adj. 巨大的
- intendB1v. 打算,计划
- numerousB2adj. 众多的,许多的
- rareB1adj. 稀有的
- conservationB2n. 保护
- contrastB2n. 对比
- differB1v. 不同,有区别
- ordinaryB1adj. 普通的
- distinguishB2v. 区分
- incorporateB2v. 包含
- relateB1v. 使有联系,把…联系起来
- selectB1v. 选择,挑选
- assignB1v. 分配(任务、工作)
- earlierA2adv. 较早地
- fellowB2n. 家伙
- tapB1v. 轻敲、轻拍
- accurateB2adj. 准确的
- consistentB2adj. 一致的
- fictionB2n. 小说
- actualB1adj. 真实的
- asideB1adv. 在旁边;到旁边
- developedB1adj. 发达的
- involvedB1adj. 参与的
- overcomeB2v. 克服
- portrayB2v. 描绘
- professionB2n. 职业(尤指需要专门技能和培训的)
- surprisingA2adj. 令人惊讶的
- insightB2n. 洞察力
- respondentC1n. 被告
- emphasisB2n. 强调
- mutualB2adj. 相互的
- partlyB1adv. 部分地
- sensitiveB2adj. 敏感的
- sophisticatedC1adj. 复杂精密的
- agingB2n. 变老;老化
- depictB2v. 描绘
- emergencyB1n. 紧急情况,突发事件
- unusualB1adj. 不寻常的
- writingA2n. 写作
- depriveB2v. 剥夺
- deteriorateC1v. 恶化,变坏
- guyA2n. 男人
- locateB1v. 找到;找出…的位置
- criticismB2n. 批评
- facialB2adj. 面部的
- minimizeB2v. 使减少到最低限度
- concentrateB1v. 集中注意力
- editorialC1adj. 编辑的
- worsenB2v. (使)恶化;(使)变得更糟
- angerB1n. 愤怒
- awardB1n. 奖
- bizarreC1adj. 古怪的
- ohA1intj. 哦(表示惊讶、理解或反应)
- abundantB2adj. 大量的
- deriveB2v. 获得
- haltB2v. 停止
- randomB2adj. 随机的
- retireB1v. 退休
- amazingA2adj. 令人惊奇的
- barelyB1adv. 几乎不
- conserveB2v. 保护
- constructionB1n. 建造
- frameB1n. 框架
- motivatedB1adj. 有积极性的
- quantityB1n. 数量
- selectiveB2adj. 有选择性的
- specialistB2n. 专家
- hazardB2n. 危险
- mentallyB2adv. 精神上
- observerB2n. 观察者
- outperformC1v. 表现优于,胜过
- persistentB2adj. 坚持不懈的
- similarityB2n. 相似性
- timelyB2adj. 及时的
- upsetB1adj. 难过的
- assortmentB2n. 各种各样的东西
- overlyB2adv. 过度地
- variedB2adj. 各种各样的
- entailC1v. 使必然发生
- hiA1intj. 嗨
- practicallyB2adv. 几乎,差不多
- unpaidB2adj. 未付款的
全卷录音原文 806 词按 CEFR 难度累积覆盖
全卷录音原文去重后共 806 个单词,按欧框 CEFR 等级统计。每根柱表示「该等级及以下」的累积占比(CDF),最右一柱为 100%。B2 以上(C1/C2)为高阶词,本卷共 32 个 · 约 4%。
- 去重总词数
- 806
- B2 以上难词
- 4%
- B1 及以下覆盖
- 77%
常见问题
围绕本套听力的答案、录音来源与体裁、词汇难度与逐题选项依据,逐条给出可核对的答案。
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力的答案分别是什么?
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力全卷共 25 题,标准答案依次为:1 D · 2 C · 3 B · 4 A · 5 A · 6 D · 7 D · 8 B · 9 C · 10 A · 11 A · 12 B · 13 A · 14 C · 15 D · 16 D · 17 C · 18 C · 19 D · 20 A · 21 B · 22 B · 23 C · 24 A · 25 B。答案字母分布为 A 7 · B 6 · C 6 · D 6。
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力的录音原文分哪几篇?各考多少题?
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力按卷面顺序分为:Section A 长对话(2 篇)1–8 题;Section B 听力篇章(2 篇)9–15 题;Section C 讲座/讲话(3 篇)16–25 题。体裁构成为 长对话 2 · 听力篇章 2 · 讲座/讲话 3,全卷连续编号、录音只播一遍。
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力的词汇难度如何?
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力全卷录音原文去重后共 806 个单词,按 CEFR 难度累积覆盖:A1 及以下约 30%、A2 及以下约 57%、B1 及以下约 77%、B2 及以下约 96%,B2 以上(C1/C2)难词共 32 个、约占 4%。
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力出现了哪些英语六级高频词?
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力的录音原文出现 270 个英语六级真题高频词(这些词在历年英语六级真题中出现的句子数均不少于 8 句)。按出现次数排在前的有:researcher(本卷 9 次,n. 研究人员)、project(本卷 8 次,n. 项目)、wooden(本卷 8 次,adj. 木制的,木头的)、benefit(本卷 6 次,n. 好处)、feature(本卷 6 次,n. 特征)、collaborative(本卷 6 次,adj. 合作的)、opportunity(本卷 5 次,n. 机会)、career(本卷 5 次,n. 职业)。
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 1 题:What is the woman's profession? 答案是什么?为什么选 D?
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 1 题是细节题,正确答案 D)Features editor。答案句出自录音「Today our guest is Rosie Mullender, who works as Features Editor for Fashion magazine」(今天我们的嘉宾是罗西·穆兰德,她在《时尚》杂志担任专题编辑),靠主持人开场介绍即报职务定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换(works as Features Editor ↔ Features editor)。其余选项:A 项属原词陷阱(录音确实念到 Fashion magazine,选项 Magazine reporter 借这个"杂志"原词诱你选,但她是"编辑 editor"不是"记者 reporter",职务对不上);B 项属原词陷阱(录音里 Fashion 是杂志的名字(Fashion magazine),选项 Fashion designer 借这个 Fashion 让你误以为她是"时尚设计师",但她的工作是当编辑,不是做服装设计);C 项属原词陷阱(录音后面提到为杂志和网站写稿 writing copy for the magazine and website,选项 Website designer 借这个 website 诱选,但"为网站写稿"不等于"网站设计师",职务完全两回事),均可排除。
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 2 题:What is one of the woman's main responsibilities? 答案是什么?为什么选 C?
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 2 题是细节题,正确答案 C)Answering daily emails。答案句出自录音「My day mainly incorporates responding to emails, writing and editing stories and coming up with new feature ideas」(我一天的工作主要包括回复邮件、撰写和编辑稿件,以及构思新的专题点子),靠mainly 标记主要职责定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换(responding to emails ↔ Answering daily emails)。其余选项:A 项属原词陷阱(录音确有 testing sports clothing(测试运动服装),选项 Designing sports clothing 借"运动服装"原词诱选,但她是"测试 testing"不是"设计 designing",而且那只是偶尔做的零散事、不是"主要"职责);B 项属未提及(录音多次出现 fashion(杂志名、领域),选项 Consulting fashion experts 借这个 fashion 拼出"咨询时尚专家",但录音从未说她要咨询时尚专家,属编造的职责);D 项属偷换概念(录音说 asking people in the street questions(在街上问路人问题),选项 Interviewing job-seekers 把它歪成"采访求职者",对象从"路人"换成"求职者",对不上),均可排除。
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 3 题:What do many people think about the woman's job? 答案是什么?为什么选 B?
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 3 题是态度观点题,正确答案 B)It is fascinating。答案句出自录音「A lot of people believe that working at a magazine is a glamorous job. Is this an accurate representation of what you do?」(很多人认为在杂志社工作是一份光鲜亮丽的工作。这是对你工作的准确写照吗?),靠A lot of people believe 锁定大众看法定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换(a glamorous job ↔ It is fascinating.)。其余选项:A 项属张冠李戴(录音后面她说自己 it was very hard work,选项 It is challenging.(有挑战)蹭这层"辛苦"感,但那是她回顾奋斗时的自述,不是 many people 对这份工作的看法,答错了主体);C 项属与原文相反(It is tiresome.(令人厌烦)是负面评价,而很多人对这份工作的印象是 a glamorous job 光鲜迷人,褒贬正好相反,录音也没人这么说);D 项属原词陷阱(录音里反复有 fashion(杂志名 Fashion magazine),选项 It is fashionable.(时髦的)借 fashion 与 fashionable 形近来诱选,但大众的看法是"光鲜迷人"而非"时髦",且这话录音没说),均可排除。
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 4 题:What helped the woman to get her current position? 答案是什么?为什么选 A?
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 4 题是细节题,正确答案 A)Her persistence。答案句出自录音「I had to be really persistent and it was very hard work」(我必须非常坚持不懈,而且要付出非常艰辛的努力),靠被问者直接应答里的强调词定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换(I had to be really persistent ↔ Her persistence)。其余选项:B 项属原词陷阱(录音末句确有 experience:all experiences make you a better journalist,选项 Her experience 借这个原词诱选,但那句是说"各种经历会让你成为更好的记者"这一信念,并非她把"经验"当成拿到这份工作的直接原因,真正帮她的是"坚持");C 项属未提及(Her competence(能力)与"坚持"都是褒义品质、意思相近极易混,但录音通篇没说是"能力"帮了她,她明确强调的是 persistent,competence 属编造);D 项属未提及(Her confidence(自信)也是褒义品质,听着像励志故事该有的词,但录音里她强调的是 really persistent"坚持",从未说靠"自信",属编造),均可排除。
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 5 题:What does the man think of the satire Frankie he recently watched? 答案是什么?为什么选 A?
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 5 题是态度观点题,正确答案 A)It is enjoyable。答案句出自录音「I'm watching a great satire called Frankie. I think you'd like it」(我在看一部很棒的讽刺剧,叫《Frankie》。我想你会喜欢它的),靠评价形容词 great定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换(a great satire ↔ It is enjoyable.)。其余选项:B 项属过度推断(It is educational. 把好评具体化成『有教育意义』,但录音通篇只说它 great、funny,从没提它能教人东西,属过度推断);C 项属原词陷阱(It is divorced from real life. 借了录音里 is divorced 的 divorced,但原文 divorced 指剧中人物『离婚』,根本不是说这剧『脱离现实』;且这是负评,与男士的正面态度相反);D 项属原词陷阱(It is adapted from a drama. 借了录音 a mixture of comedy and drama 里的 drama,但原文是说这剧『混合了喜剧与正剧元素』,不是说它『改编自某部戏剧』;而且本题问态度,这是来源描述,答非所问),均可排除。
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 6 题:What does the man say is special about the satire Frankie? 答案是什么?为什么选 D?
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 6 题是细节题,正确答案 D)It is written, directed, edited and produced by Frankie himself。答案句出自录音「In fact, the whole show is written, directed, edited and produced by him, and is very funny and has won many awards」(事实上,整部剧都是由他一人编剧、导演、剪辑和制作的,非常好笑,还赢得了很多奖项),靠强调词 In fact定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换(written, directed, edited and produced by him ↔ written, directed, edited and produced by Frankie himself)。其余选项:A 项属与原文相反(All the roles are played by famous actors and actresses. 与原文相反:录音说 all his friends and family are played by actors,只是普通 actors,且明确主角 he plays himself,并非『所有角色都由名演员演』);B 项属原词陷阱(It is based on the real-life experiences of some celebrities. 借了录音 a real-life series about a real person 的 real-life,但原文随即被男士否定(It's fiction),且只涉及 Frankie 一人,不是 some celebrities,主体与真假都对不上);C 项属与原文相反(Its plots and events reveal a lot about Frankie's actual life. 把原文借来的『真实生活』安在情节上,但录音说 the plots and events that take place are also invented——情节是虚构的,恰恰不反映真实生活,正好说反),均可排除。
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 7 题:What does the woman say she is going to do with the satire Frankie? 答案是什么?为什么选 D?
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 7 题是细节题,正确答案 D)Download and watch it。答案句出自录音「That's cool. I will try to download it」(真酷。我会试着把它下载下来看),靠意向句 I will定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换(I will try to download it ↔ Download and watch it.)。其余选项:A 项属未提及(Go to the theater and enjoy it. 录音从未提到女士要去剧院看,她说的是下载,属无中生有);B 项属张冠李戴(Recommend it to her friends. 像是把男士那句 I think you'd like it(推荐给女士)的『推荐』动作挪到女士头上,但女士本人只说要下载,没说要推荐给朋友);C 项属原词陷阱(Watch it with the man. 里 watch 确是原文反复出现的词,但录音里女士只说自己下载来看,全程没有『和男士一起看』的安排,with the man 是凭空添加),均可排除。
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 8 题:What does the woman say about the comedy The Big Bang Theory? 答案是什么?为什么选 B?
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 8 题是细节题,正确答案 B)It has been showing for over a decade。答案句出自录音「The show has been running for over ten years, and some of the actors are practically global superstars, now that they are such famous celebrities」(这部剧已经播了十多年,其中一些演员实际上已成了全球超级巨星,如今他们都是大名鼎鼎的明星了),靠并列陈述里的事实定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换(some of the actors are practically global superstars, now that they are such famous celebrities ↔ It is based on the real-life experiences of some celebrities.)。其余选项:A 项属原词陷阱(It has drawn criticisms from scientists. 借了录音 four male scientists 的 scientists,但原文只是说剧里有四个科学家角色,从没说这剧『招来科学家批评』,批评是无中生有);C 项属张冠李戴(It is a ridiculous piece of satire. 里 satire 是男士形容《Frankie》的词(a great satire),并非女士对《The Big Bang Theory》的评价;况且女士说它 very funny、a huge hit,从无 ridiculous 之贬);D 项属与原文相反(It is against common sense. 盗用录音 the lady's social skills and common sense 的 common sense,但原文是说那位女士『有 common sense(常识)』,根本不是说这部剧『违背常识』,意思正好相反),均可排除。
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 9 题:What does the speaker say about players of contact sports? 答案是什么?为什么选 C?
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 9 题是细节题,正确答案 C)They need to keep moving to avoid getting hurt。答案句出自录音「Those who play contact sports know that the player who usually gets hurt the most is the one who is standing still」(从事身体接触类运动的人都知道,通常受伤最重的,恰恰是那个站着不动的人),靠出现题干同款话题词 contact sports,其后即答案定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换(the player who usually gets hurt the most is the one who is standing still ↔ They need to keep moving to avoid getting hurt.)。其余选项:A 项属与原文相反(They are likely to get injured when moving too fast. 把受伤怪到'移动太快'头上,而原文说受伤最重的是 the one who is standing still——是'不动'受伤,不是'动太快'受伤,方向恰好反了);B 项属未提及(They believe in team spirit for good performance. 讲'团队精神',但录音谈接触类运动只说了'不动的人最易受伤',全程没出现 team spirit 或团队配合的内容,属凭'运动→团队'常识硬填);D 项属原词陷阱(They have to learn how to avoid body contact. 里的 body contact 借了原文 Those who play contact sports 的 contact 一词,但原文是说'接触类运动里不动的人最受伤',从没说要去'避免身体接触',是听到 contact 就想选的原词陷阱),均可排除。
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 10 题:What do longevity statistics reveal about the average person? 答案是什么?为什么选 A?
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 10 题是细节题,正确答案 A)They do not have many years to live after retirement。答案句出自录音「Longevity statistics reveal that the average person doesn't last very long after retirement」(寿命统计数据显示,普通人在退休之后活不了多久),靠题干锚词 statistics reveal 在原文原样出现,紧跟即答案定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换(the average person doesn't last very long after retirement ↔ They do not have many years to live after retirement.)。其余选项:B 项属与原文相反(They tend to live a longer life with early retirement. 说早退休反而更长寿,而原文是 the average person doesn't last very long after retirement——退休后活不久,且后文紧接 The moral here is don't retire,劝人别退休;选项把原文意思反了过来);C 项属原词陷阱(They do not start enjoying life until full retirement. 借了原文反复出现的 retirement,造出'要等完全退休才开始享受生活',但原文谈退休只说'活不久、别退休',根本没谈'何时开始享受生活',是借原词的答非所问);D 项属张冠李戴(They keep themselves busy even after retirement. 与全篇 keep moving、stay involved 主题字面相符,借了主旨词诱选;但本题问的是'统计数据揭示普通人怎样',答案是'退休后活不久',而非描述他们'退休后仍忙碌',张冠李戴),均可排除。
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 11 题:What bonus does the "keep moving" principle bring us according to the speaker? 答案是什么?为什么选 A?
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 11 题是细节题,正确答案 A)It prevents us from worrying。答案句出自录音「A bonus with the "keep moving" principle is that while we keep moving, we don't have a chance to worry」("保持移动"原则带来的一个额外好处是:当我们不停活动时,就没有机会去忧虑),靠题干同款词 a bonus 领起,正是好处提示句定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换(we don't have a chance to worry ↔ It prevents us from worrying.)。其余选项:B 项属未提及(It slows down our aging process. 在养生话题里很顺耳,但本题答案句说的好处是 we don't have a chance to worry,全文也没说 keep moving 能 slow down aging,是用常识硬填的未提及项);C 项属答非所问(It enables us to accomplish more in life. 借了前文名人成就(写作、获奖、作画到八九十岁)的语境联想,但那是第 3 段讲长寿的例子,本题问的是第 4 段的 bonus,而 bonus 明确是'没机会担忧',并非'让人成就更多',答非所问);D 项属原词陷阱(It provides us with more chances to learn. 借了第 2 段 keep moving, extending and learning 里的 learning,但那是讲 keep moving 的内涵、不是第 4 段问的 bonus;本题 bonus 是'没空担忧',与'更多学习机会'无关,是听到 learn 就想选的原词陷阱),均可排除。
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 12 题:What does the passage say about people's mind? 答案是什么?为什么选 B?
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 12 题是细节题,正确答案 B)It wanders for almost half of their waking time。答案句出自录音「By one estimate, people daydream through nearly half of their waking hours」(据某项估计,人们在将近一半的清醒时间里都在走神(做白日梦)),靠数字估计句即落点定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换(daydream through nearly half of their waking hours ↔ wanders for almost half of their waking time)。其余选项:A 项属原词陷阱(A 说大脑 dwell upon their joyous experiences(沉湎于愉快经历),看似呼应原文 more likely to wander toward pleasant topics,但那是讲走神时偏向愉快话题、并非本题问的 "大脑总体特点",属答非所问,且 "沉湎/dwell upon" 原文也未说);C 项属未提及(C 说大脑 trouble concentrating after a brain injury(脑损伤后难以集中),原文全篇讲的是走神(mind wandering)与白日梦,从未提到 brain injury(脑损伤)这回事,属凭空捏造);D 项属原词陷阱(D 说大脑 affected by their negative feelings(受负面情绪影响),借用了原文 wander more when they felt upset(心烦时更易走神)里的 upset,但原文是说 "走神频率" 受情绪影响、且偏向愉快话题,并非笼统说大脑被负面情绪左右,是把局部信息夸大、错置到本题),均可排除。
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 13 题:For what purpose did the researchers develop the new app? 答案是什么?为什么选 A?
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 13 题是目的题,正确答案 A)To find how happiness relates to daydreaming。答案句出自录音「For one experiment, researchers developed an app to analyze the relationship between daydreaming and happiness」(在一项实验中,研究人员开发了一款应用程序,用来分析白日梦(走神)与幸福之间的关系),靠to do 即目的落点定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换(to analyze the relationship between daydreaming and happiness ↔ To find how happiness relates to daydreaming)。其余选项:B 项属原词陷阱(B 说目的是 To observe how one's mind affects one's behavior(观察心智如何影响行为),借用了原文反复出现的 mind 一词,但原文 app 是分析 "走神与幸福" 的关系,并非 "心智与行为" 的关系,宾语被偷换);C 项属原词陷阱(C 说目的是 To see why daydreaming impacts what one is doing(看走神为何影响手头的事),其中 "走神影响手头的事" 呼应了原文 think about something other than the task one is doing,但那是前文对走神现象的定义,不是开发 app 的目的,属答非所问);D 项属偷换概念(D 说目的是研究 the relation between health and daydreaming(健康与走神的关系),把原文的 happiness(幸福)偷换成读音相近的 health(健康),其余几乎照搬,是最贴近正确项、最易听岔的陷阱),均可排除。
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 14 题:How does daydreaming benefit people according to some researchers? 答案是什么?为什么选 C?
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 14 题是细节题,正确答案 C)It contributes to their creativity。答案句出自录音「Yet other research suggests that daydreaming has benefits. Researchers have found that it gives us a chance to think about our goals and it also seems to increase creativity」(然而另一些研究表明,走神(白日梦)也有好处。研究人员发现,它让我们有机会思考自己的目标,似乎还能提升创造力),靠转折Yet后才是好处定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换(it also seems to increase creativity ↔ It contributes to their creativity)。其余选项:A 项属过度推断(A 说走神帮人 make good decisions(做好决定),看似贴近原文 think about our goals(思考目标),但 "思考目标" 不等于 "做好决定",原文只说给机会想目标,没说由此能做好决策,属过度推断);B 项属未提及(B 说走神帮人 tap their potentials(发掘潜能),原文讲到的好处只有 "思考目标" 和 "提升创造力",从未提及 potential(潜能),属凭空添加);D 项属未提及(D 说走神带来 clear thinking(清晰的思考),原文列的好处是 think about goals 与 increase creativity,并无 "使思考更清晰" 之说,属无中生有的近义干扰),均可排除。
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 15 题:What was the finding of the experiment with 145 undergraduates? 答案是什么?为什么选 D?
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 15 题是细节题,正确答案 D)Daydreamers did better than non-daydreamers in task performance。答案句出自录音「When all the participants proceeded to the second pair of tasks, the daydreamers performed 40 percent better than the others」(当所有受试者进行第二组任务时,走神(做白日梦)的那一组比其他人表现好了百分之四十),靠比较+百分比即结论定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换(the daydreamers performed 40 percent better than the others ↔ Daydreamers did better than non-daydreamers in task performance)。其余选项:A 项属原词陷阱(A 说 Subjects with clear goals in mind outperformed those without clear goals(有明确目标者胜过无目标者),把分组标准说成 "有无清晰目标",但本实验分组是 "被安排走神 vs 没被安排",且 goals 一词来自第4段前文 think about our goals 而非本实验,属张冠李戴的捏造);B 项属与原文相反(B 说两组 The difference in performance between the two groups was insignificant(差异不显著),而原文明说差了 40 percent better——这是巨大差异,B 与原文结论完全相反);C 项属与原文相反(C 说 Non-daydreamers were more focused on their tasks than daydreamers(非走神者比走神者更专注于任务),把胜出方向反过来了——原文是 daydreamers 表现更好,且原文讲的是 "表现" 而非 "专注度",方向和维度都错),均可排除。
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 16 题:What does the speaker say about the Viking wooden churches? 答案是什么?为什么选 D?
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 16 题是细节题,正确答案 D)They are in worsening condition。答案句出自录音「But now, with only 30 wooden churches remaining and their condition deteriorating, experts are working to preserve the structures for future generations」(但如今,仅存 30 座木教堂、且它们的状况正在恶化,专家们正努力为后代保护这些建筑),靠转折 But now 后才是真意定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换(their condition deteriorating ↔ in worsening condition)。其余选项:A 项属偷换概念(原文夸它们是 the rarest historic buildings in western Europe(最稀有),A 偷偷把 rarest 换成 oldest(最古老)——稀有不等于最古老,听到“最高级 + 西欧”就想选就中套了);B 项属过度推断(原文只说它们是 wooden churches(木教堂),借“教堂”让你脑补“基督教传统”,但全篇真正定调的是 Scandinavia's Viking past(维京渊源),从没把它们说成基督教传统的一部分,属过度推断);C 项属未提及(原文说专家在 working to preserve the structures for future generations(为后代保护),C 却说成 renovated to attract tourists(为引客而翻新)——保护目的被换成招揽游客,原文根本没提 tourists,属无中生有),均可排除。
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 17 题:What is special about most of the Viking wooden churches? 答案是什么?为什么选 C?
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 17 题是细节题,正确答案 C)They are without foundations。答案句出自录音「Most consist of timber frames that rest on stone blocks. This means that they have no foundations」(大多数教堂由架在石块上的木构架组成。这意味着它们没有地基),靠Most + This means 推出特征定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换(they have no foundations ↔ without foundations)。其余选项:A 项属原词陷阱(原文说它们 Dating from as far back as the 12th century(最早可追到 12 世纪),A 把“12 世纪”歪算成“14 个世纪的历史”——12th century 是年代,14 centuries 是时长,听到数字就抓极易上当);B 项属原词陷阱(原文说有些大的 soar up to 40 metres(最高可达 40 米),B 却说成 40 metres tall on average(平均高 40 米)——up to(至多)被偷换成 on average(平均),且这只描述“大的那些”不是 most);D 项属与原文相反(原文明说它们 normally feature only a single storey(通常只有单层),D 却说 several storeys(好几层)——只是多了几个不同的屋顶层 roof levels,被偷换成“好几层楼”,与原文相反),均可排除。
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 18 题:Why were the Viking churches constructed from wood? 答案是什么?为什么选 C?
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 18 题是细节题,正确答案 C)Timber was abundant in Scandinavia。答案句出自录音「The reason for constructing the buildings from wood is probably that ideally proportioned straight and slender timber was available in large quantities in Scandinavia's vast pine forests」(用木材建造这些建筑的原因,很可能是斯堪的纳维亚广袤的松林里盛产比例匀称、笔直纤细的木材),靠The reason…is 直接点原因定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换(timber was available in large quantities in Scandinavia's vast pine forests ↔ Timber was abundant in Scandinavia.)。其余选项:A 项属未提及(“木头与自然和谐”听着很顺,但原文给的原因是木材量大又便宜(cheaper to use than the stone),从没说过 harmonious with nature,属无中生有);B 项属未提及(原文只提到 the cold air(冷空气)描述教堂高耸的环境,B 借这个“冷”字脑补成“木建筑御寒”,但用木头的原因和保暖毫无关系,属未提及);D 项属张冠李戴(原文里 Vikings 出现在“造船传统”和“雕刻技艺源自维京”的语境(partly established by the Vikings),D 却把它说成“维京人喜欢木结构”——用木的真因是“木材多又便宜”,把原因安到“维京偏好”头上,是张冠李戴),均可排除。
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 19 题:What are the three interesting studies about? 答案是什么?为什么选 D?
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 19 题是主旨题,正确答案 D)Abilities of human babies。答案句出自录音「But in today's lecture, we'll look at three very interesting studies that hint at the surprising abilities of human babies」(但在今天的讲座里,我们将看三项非常有趣的研究,它们暗示了人类婴儿令人惊讶的能力),靠转折 But 后的点题句定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换(the surprising abilities of human babies ↔ Abilities of human babies)。其余选项:A 项属原词陷阱(录音开头说上周讨论过 the newly born offspring of several mammals 并把人类婴儿与其他哺乳动物作比,A 把"人类婴儿与动物幼崽的相似"当成今天主题,实际那是上周内容、且"相似"也非录音重点,是用旧话题骗"听到 babies 和 animals 就选");B 项属原词陷阱(录音确有 other mammals of the same age 一语,B 借此把主题说成"不同新生哺乳动物的认知特征",但今天三项研究全讲人类婴儿、哺乳动物只是引子,这是把范围错放到了哺乳动物身上);C 项属未提及(C 说三项研究是关于"成人对孩子的影响",但录音三项研究分别讲婴儿的记忆、辨乐、情绪,全程没有"成人影响孩子"这一主题(第四项里成人只是观察者),属凭空捏造),均可排除。
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 20 题:What does the second study find about nine-month-old babies? 答案是什么?为什么选 A?
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 20 题是细节题,正确答案 A)They can distinguish a happy tune from a sad one。答案句出自录音「This suggests that babies of that age can tell the difference between a happy melody and a sad tune」(这表明那个月龄的婴儿能够分辨欢快的旋律和悲伤的曲调),靠结论句 This suggests定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换(can tell the difference between a happy melody and a sad tune ↔ distinguish a happy tune from a sad one)。其余选项:B 项属原词陷阱(录音通篇讲的是婴儿"能分辨"快乐与悲伤的曲子,从未说他们"更喜欢快乐的";B 借用了 happy / sad 这组录音真实出现的词,却把"能区分"偷换成"更偏爱欢快的",是 A 的对立干扰);C 项属原词陷阱(录音里婴儿是"got bored and averted their gaze"(厌倦后移开视线),C 却说他们"听音乐容易睡着";它借 music 这个真实话题词,编造了录音从未提到的"睡着"反应);D 项属未提及(D 说婴儿"对节拍和韵律敏感",但本段只讲"能分辨快乐与悲伤的曲调",从未提及 beats and rhythms;这是引入录音没有的新概念),均可排除。
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 21 题:What is the 1980 study about? 答案是什么?为什么选 B?
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 21 题是主旨题,正确答案 B)Babies' emotions。答案句出自录音「In fact, it's one of the most famous pieces of research about infant emotion ever published」(事实上,它是有史以来发表过的关于婴儿情绪的最著名研究之一),靠定性句 research about定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换(research about infant emotion ↔ Babies' emotions)。其余选项:A 项属原词陷阱(录音确实提到婴儿 made various facial expressions,A 借此说研究"关于面部表情";但表情只是观察手段——成人通过看表情来判断情绪,研究真正的主题是"情绪"。这是最像对的原词陷阱);C 项属原词陷阱(录音说视频里的事件"including playful interactions",C 借 interaction 说研究"关于婴儿与成人的互动";但互动只是触发婴儿表情的情境之一,并非研究主题,且 C 还把它说成"与成人的互动",偏离了研究核心);D 项属偷换概念(D 用"婴儿的行为"这一最宽泛的词概括研究,但录音明确定性为关于"情绪"的研究,"行为"既未被录音用来定义这项研究、范围也过大,是以宽代窄的干扰),均可排除。
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 22 题:What does the speaker say about being over collaborative? 答案是什么?为什么选 B?
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 22 题是细节题,正确答案 B)It may hinder individual career advancement。答案句出自录音「However, placing too much emphasis on being a good team player can negatively affect your career growth」(然而,过分强调做一个好的团队成员,会对你的职业成长产生负面影响),靠转折词 However 后才是真意定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换(negatively affect your career growth ↔ hinder individual career advancement)。其余选项:A 项属原词陷阱(录音第一段确实念到 our modern workplace,A 项 It may harm the culture of today's workplace. 借这个 workplace 制造"听到就想选"的错觉,但原文从未说过过度协作会损害"职场文化",危害对象是"你的职业成长",不是文化);C 项属未提及(It may result in unwillingness to take risks. 说的"导致不愿冒险"在录音里找不到任何对应表述,是凭"过度协作好像会让人保守"的常识硬推出来的);D 项属原词陷阱(It may put too much pressure on team members. 套着"团队成员"这个全篇高频语境,但原文讲的危害是"拖累你自己的发展",从没说过"给团队成员太大压力",方向答非所问),均可排除。
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 23 题:What does the speaker say about people engaged in collaborative projects? 答案是什么?为什么选 C?
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 23 题是细节题,正确答案 C)They may find it hard to get their contributions recognized。答案句出自录音「Collaboration certainly makes your individual competencies and contributions more difficult for outsiders to identify. Collaborative projects mean you're sharing the spotlight with others. Outsiders may then find it difficult to determine your contributions and strengths」(协作确实会让外人更难看清你个人的能力与贡献。协作项目意味着你要和别人分享聚光灯。于是外人可能很难判断出你的贡献和长处),靠围绕 contributions 反复强调的核心句定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换(Outsiders may then find it difficult to determine your contributions and strengths ↔ They may find it hard to get their contributions recognized)。其余选项:A 项属张冠李戴(They can hardly give expression to their original views. 像第二段"too silent about their own point of view"的影子,但那段讲的是"过度迁就者",不是本题问的"做协作项目的人",且本题答案句明确在讲"贡献难被识别",与"表达观点"不是一回事);B 项属未提及(They can become less motivated to do projects of their own. 把"积极性下降、不愿做个人项目"当后果,但录音第三段只讲"贡献难被外人看清",从没说协作会让人"丧失做个人项目的动力",属凭推测添加);D 项属过度推断(They may eventually lose their confidence and creativity 里 confidence 与第二段 underconfident 沾边,但那是讲过度迁就者的"品牌形象",本题答案句根本没提 confidence 或 creativity,且 eventually lose 把后果夸到"丧失",是过度推断),均可排除。
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 24 题:How do people benefit from working in a team? 答案是什么?为什么选 A?
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 24 题是细节题,正确答案 A)They can enlarge their professional circle。答案句出自录音「You then have more opportunities to expand your professional network than if you worked alone」(于是相比单干,你会有更多机会去扩展自己的职业人脉网络),靠benefits 后列举的具体好处句定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换(expand your professional network ↔ enlarge their professional circle)。其余选项:B 项属未提及(They can get chances to engage in research. 里的 research 在整篇录音里从未出现,是凭空添加的好处);C 项属原词陷阱(expertise 确在第六段念过(Collaborate with people who have complementary expertise),C 项 They can make the best use of their expertise. 借此诱选,但那段讲的是"如何挑选合作对象",且原文是"找互补专长的人",不是"用好自己的专长",答非所问);D 项属未提及(They can complete the project more easily. 听上去"人多好办事"很顺,但录音讲团队好处时只提"重复的成功、被认可、扩展人脉",从没说"项目能更轻松完成",是常识脑补),均可排除。
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 25 题:Why is it undesirable to spend too much time trying to reach consensus? 答案是什么?为什么选 B?
- 英语六级2019年12月第1套听力第 25 题是细节题,正确答案 B)It may prevent making a timely decision。答案句出自录音「When we're too collaborative, we want everyone to agree with a decision before we proceed. This can create unnecessary delays as you hold meetings trying to achieve a consensus」(当我们过度协作时,我们想在推进前让每个人都同意某个决定。这会造成不必要的拖延,因为你要不停开会去达成共识),靠因果句 This can create…+ delays 是后果落点定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换(This can create unnecessary delays ↔ It may prevent making a timely decision)。其余选项:A 项属原词陷阱(本段反复念 achieve a consensus,A 项 It may cause lots of arguments in a team. 借"共识/团队"语境诱选,但原文讲的后果是"拖延"不是"争论"——求共识恰恰是为了避免分歧,说"引发大量争论"反而拧了);C 项属偷换概念(It may give rise to a lot of unnecessary expenses. 顺着 you hold meetings 的开会画面联想到"花钱",但原文 unnecessary 修饰的是 delays(拖延)不是 expenses(开销),是把"不必要的拖延"偷换成了"不必要的花费");D 项属过度推断(It may deprive a team of business opportunities. 说的"错失商业机会"在末段找不到对应,是从"拖延→可能误事"再往前推了一步的脑补,原文止于"拖延"),均可排除。