考研英语真题中的现在分词

Spencer argued that all worldly phenomena, including human societies, changed over time, advancing toward perfection.

斯宾塞认为，所有世俗现象，包括人类社会，都随着时间发生变化，朝着完美发展。

When you find yourself taking a situation personally, try to think of other interpretations that are less focused on you — especially in the sense of saying anything deep or fundamental about you.

当你发现自己在把某个情况个人化时，试着去思考其他不太聚焦于你的解释——尤其是在说任何关于你的深刻或根本的事情的意义上。

Tracing the history of the term, we can see how the definition of scientific literacy has shifted over time, muddying the waters when it comes to determining the goals of science education.

追溯该术语的历史，我们可以看到科学素养的定义是如何随时间变化的，这使得在确定科学教育目标方面情况变得复杂。

If that sounds melodramatic, consider this: The Art Directors Guild, a labor union representing about 3,000 film workers, has suspended a training program and issued a statement explaining that "we cannot in good conscience encourage you to pursue our profession."

如果那听起来很夸张，请考虑一下：艺术总监工会，一个代表约3000名电影工人的工会，已经暂停了一项培训项目并发表声明，解释说“我们无法凭良心鼓励你从事我们的职业。”

And there was the (then-secret) work building the world's first atomic bomb.

并且存在（当时保密的）制造世界上第一颗原子弹的工作。

We are eliminating a stage, booking fewer performers and making additional cuts to reduce our costs, all while striving to keep the festival as vibrant as ever, as supportive of local artists and businesses, and as true to Wicker Park's unique spirit and reputation as festgoers have come to expect.

我们正在取消一个舞台，预订更少的表演者，并进行额外的削减以降低成本，同时努力保持音乐节一如既往的活力，一如既往地支持当地艺术家和企业，一如既往地符合威克公园独特的精神和声誉，正如 festivalgoers 所期望的那样。

It will allow for a reduction of the distance between high-speed trains travelling on the same line at any given time, which should mean a significant increase in capacity and traffic fluidity, according to Giuricin.

据Giuricin称，这将允许缩短在任何特定时间行驶在同一条线路上的高速列车之间的距离，这应该意味着容量和交通流畅度的显著增加。

Looking at these DNA sequences, we get a biological testimony to the environment these animals lived in and the experiences they survived.

通过观察这些DNA序列，我们获得了一个生物学上的证明，关于这些动物所生活的环境以及它们所经历的生存经验。

There are around 40 official do-it-yourself biology centres across the globe in locations including Paris, London, Sydney, and Tel Aviv.

全球大约有40个官方的自助生物学中心，分布在包括巴黎、伦敦、悉尼和特拉维夫在内的地区。

Ohio State University allowed its students to navigate the Oval, a lawn in the centre of campus, freely, then proceeded to pave the desire paths, creating a web of effective routes students had established.

俄亥俄州立大学允许其学生自由地在椭圆广场——校园中心的一片草坪——穿行，然后着手铺设学生们已经形成的便捷小路，从而构建了一个有效的路线网络。

U.S. customers historically tipped people they assumed were earning most of their income via tips, such as restaurant servers earning less than the minimum wage.

美国顾客历来给那些他们认为主要依靠小费赚取大部分收入的人小费，例如收入低于最低工资的餐厅服务员。

A citizen science-based approach can extend the field of vision and include more ideas and different brains to problem-solve and create, making innovation faster and more effective.

一种基于公民科学的方法能够扩展视野范围，并且包含更多想法和不同头脑来解决问题和创造，使创新更快更有效。

Excavations revealed a large number of Minoan-style loom weights, suggesting Pavlopetri was a thriving trade center with a robust textile industry.

发掘工作发现了大量米诺斯风格的织布机重物，表明帕夫洛佩特里是一个拥有繁荣纺织业的兴旺贸易中心。

A Reddit webpage devoted to the phenomenon, boasting nearly 50,000 members, showcases images of local desire paths adorned with signs instructing pedestrians to adhere to designated walkways, underscoring the rebellious nature inherent in these human-made tracks.

一个致力于该现象的Reddit网页，拥有近5万名成员，展示了当地“欲望小径”的图片，这些小径上装饰着指示行人遵守指定人行道的标志，突显了这些人造小径中固有的叛逆性质。

Covering about two and a half acres, Pavlopetri's three main roads connected some 50 rectangular buildings, all of which had open courtyards.

占地约2.5英亩，帕夫洛佩特里的三条主要道路连接了约50座矩形建筑，所有这些建筑都有开放式庭院。

In online spaces, desire paths have sparked a fascination that can approach obsession, with the Reddit page serving as a hub.

在网络空间中，欲望路径引发了一种近乎痴迷的迷恋，Reddit页面充当了中心。

When finding their way to waterholes, they headed off in exactly the right direction, on one occasion from a distance of roughly thirty miles.

当找到前往水坑的路时，它们朝着完全正确的方向出发，有一次是从大约三十英里的距离出发。

By cutting out the middlemen, the farmers secure more profit for their produce.

通过去掉中间商，农民们为他们的农产品获得了更多利润。

For example, type in "Wizard with sword and a glowing orb of magic fire fights a fierce dragon Greg Rutkowski," and the system will produce something that looks not a million miles away from works in Rutkowski's style.

例如，输入“手持剑和发光魔法火球的巫师与凶猛的龙Greg Rutkowski战斗”，系统将生成一些看起来与Rutkowski风格的作品相差不远的东西。

When visiting the Baltimore Museum of Art, I came across a magnificent 15th-century Chinese sculpture.

当参观巴尔的摩艺术博物馆时，我偶然发现了一件宏伟的15世纪中国雕塑。

Using tracking devices, researchers have shown that they have "remarkable spatial acuity."

通过使用跟踪设备，研究人员已经表明他们拥有“显著的空间敏锐度”。

With the smell of coffee and fresh bread floating in the air, stalls bursting with colourful vegetables and tempting cheeses, and the buzz of friendly chats, farmers' markets are a feast for the senses.

空气中飘着咖啡和新鲜面包的香味，摊位上摆满了五颜六色的蔬菜和诱人的奶酪，还有友好交谈的嗡嗡声，农贸市场是感官的盛宴。

"A lot of workers are servicing the tourist industry, and the tourism industry is serviced by those people coming in short term," Castle said, "and so it's a cyclical effect."

"许多工人正在为旅游业提供服务，而旅游业则由那些短期来的人提供服务，"卡斯尔说，"因此这是一种周期性的影响。"

The researchers studied "prosocial" and rebellious traits in more than 200 children and young adults, ranging from 11 to 28 years old.

研究人员研究了200多名11岁至28岁的儿童和年轻人的“亲社会”和叛逆特质。

Branch points out that, even if a growing number of official guidelines and textbooks reflect scientific consensus on climate change, unofficial educational materials that convey more slanted perspectives are being distributed to teachers.

布兰奇指出，即使越来越多的官方指南和教科书反映了关于气候变化的科学共识，传达更多有偏见观点的非官方教育材料正在被分发给教师。

"I personally have never seen all that much intellectual value in memorizing things," Sparrow says, adding that we haven't lost our ability to do it.

“我个人从未在记忆事物中看到那么多的智力价值，”斯派洛说，并补充道我们并没有失去这样做的能力。

But among student subjects who discussed meat ethics, meal purchases containing meat decreased from 52 to 45 percent—and this effect held steady for the study's duration of several weeks.

但是在讨论肉类伦理的学生受试者中，包含肉类的膳食购买量从52%下降到45%——并且这种效果在研究持续的几周内保持稳定。

Our research provides strong support for the value of zoos in connecting people with animals and with nature.

我们的研究为动物园在将人们与动物及自然联系起来方面的价值提供了有力支持。

More Americans are opting to work well into retirement, a growing trend that threatens to upend the old workforce model.

更多美国人选择在退休后继续工作，这一日益增长的趋势可能会颠覆旧的劳动力模式。

Studying Scovell's papers at the Public Record Office, London, I found that he had left an extensive journal and copious notes about his work in the peninsula.

在伦敦公共档案馆研究斯科维尔的文件时，我发现他留下了关于他在半岛工作的大量日记和丰富笔记。

Depending on your interests and your lifestyle, that might mean spending less time watching television or listening to music, though some people can write while they listen to music.

取决于你的兴趣和生活方式，那可能意味着花更少的时间看电视或听音乐，尽管有些人可以在听音乐的时候写作。

This gives the person a choice, allowing him to verbally opt in.

这给这个人一个选择，允许他口头同意加入。

To become much more self-sufficient, the UK would need to drastically reduce its consumption of animal foods, and probably also farm more intensively—meaning fewer green fields and more factory-style production.

为了变得更加自给自足，英国将需要大幅减少其动物食品的消费，并且可能也需要更密集地耕种——意味着更少的绿地和更多的工厂式生产。

Other companies including Amazon and Disney had also pledged to create their own plans.

包括亚马逊和迪士尼在内的其他公司也已承诺制定他们自己的计划。

A more practical goal is to try, to the best of your ability, to be as tolerant and composed as you can when faced with trying situations involving your children.

一个更实际的目标是，尽你最大的能力，在面对涉及你的孩子的棘手情况时，尽可能地宽容和沉着。

with the Church's teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance, the gap between the Medieval and modern periods had been bridged leading to new and unexplored intellectual territories.

随着教会的教义和思维方式被文艺复兴所掩盖，中世纪和现代时期之间的鸿沟已经被弥合，通向了新的和未被探索的知识领域。

There has been a kind of inflationary process at work: nowadays anyone applying for a research post has to have published twice the number of papers that would have been required for the same post only 10 years ago.

有一种通货膨胀式的过程在起作用：如今任何申请研究职位的人必须发表的论文数量是仅10年前同一职位所需数量的两倍。

We need progressive policies that shape collective action (and rein in polluting businesses), alongside engaged citizens pushing for change.

我们需要能够塑造集体行动（并约束污染企业）的渐进式政策，以及推动变革的积极公民。

As a result, farms have grown increasingly reliant on temporary guest workers using the H-2A visa to fill the gaps in the workforce.

因此，农场越来越依赖使用H-2A签证的临时 guest workers 来填补劳动力缺口。

Plays aiming at literary distinction were written for schools or court, or for the choir boys of St. Paul's and the royal chapel, who, however, gave plays in public as well as at court.

旨在获得文学声望的戏剧是为学校或宫廷而写的，或者是为圣保罗大教堂和皇家礼拜堂的唱诗班男孩们而写的，然而这些男孩们既在宫廷也在公共场合表演戏剧。

Issues arising from automation need to be tackled.

由自动化引发的问题需要被解决。

Among the annoying challenges facing the middle class is one that will probably go unmentioned in the next presidential campaign: What happens when the robots come for their jobs?

在中产阶级面临的恼人挑战中，有一个很可能会在下届总统竞选中不被提及：当机器人来抢他们的工作时会发生什么？

Legislation is moving through the House that would save USPS an estimated $28.6 billion over five years, which could help pay for new vehicles, among other survival measures.

一项法案正在众议院推进，该法案将在五年内为美国邮政总局节省估计286亿美元，这有助于支付新车辆以及其他生存措施的费用。

The tester would ask, "What's in here?" before looking into the container, smiling, and exclaiming, "Wow!"

测试者会问：“这里面是什么？”，然后看向容器里面，微笑着并且惊叹道：“哇！”

But increasingly the story is about the plummeting prices of renewables, especially wind and solar.

但是，越来越多的情况是，故事是关于可再生能源价格的暴跌，特别是风能和太阳能。

Among the children who had not been tricked, the majority were willing to cooperate with the tester in learning a new skill, demonstrating that they trusted his leadership.

在未被欺骗的孩子中，大多数愿意与测试者合作学习新技能，表明他们信任他的领导能力。

"When I come home from a hard day's work, I often feel tired," Danaher says, adding, "In a world in which I don't have to work, I might feel rather different" – perhaps different enough to throw himself into a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for professional matters.

"当我结束一天辛苦的工作回到家时，我经常感到疲倦，" Danaher说，并补充道："在一个我不必工作的世界里，我可能会感觉相当不同"——也许不同到足以让他全身心投入到一个爱好或一个充满热情的项目中，其投入的强度通常是为职业事务保留的。

Resting in the Pacific Ocean, Mauna Kea's peak rises above the bulk of our planet's dense atmosphere, where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.

坐落于太平洋中，冒纳凯阿火山的山峰高耸于地球浓密大气层的大部分之上，在那里的条件使望远镜能够获得具有无与伦比清晰度的图像。

But it did so while holding its nose at the ethics of his conduct, which included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch and a Ferrari automobile from a company seeking access to government.

但它在这样做的同时，对其行为的道德操守嗤之以鼻，这其中包括接受一家寻求接触政府机会的公司所赠送的礼物，如劳力士手表和法拉利汽车。

In a recent study involving over 400 healthy adults, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs on the participants' susceptibility to developing the common cold after being exposed to the virus.

在一项涉及400多名健康成年人的近期研究中，来自宾夕法尼亚州卡内基梅隆大学的研究人员考察了感知到的社会支持和收到拥抱对参与者在接触病毒后感染普通感冒的易感性的影响。