2023年英语六级真题长难句

Some—like an ancient Roman ship found off Antikythera, Greece, dated between 70 and 60 BC and carrying astonishingly sophisticated gears and dials for navigating by the sun—are critical to a new understanding of our past.

有些——比如在希腊安提基特拉岛附近发现的一艘古罗马船只，其年代可追溯至公元前70年至60年之间，并携带有用于通过太阳导航的极其复杂的齿轮和刻度盘——对我们理解过去有重要意义。

This is especially true as the study makes clear that information presented as fact evokes special responses in our brains, which are distinct from when we process the same content with clear indicators of uncertainty.

这一点尤其正确，因为该研究明确表明，作为事实呈现的信息会在我们的大脑中引发特殊反应，这些反应与我们在有明确不确定性指示的情况下处理相同内容时的反应不同。

But some people experience a powerful urge to keep eating, even after indulging in a huge meal, a behavior that makes little sense, as most adults are well-versed in the dangers of obesity, which researchers have shown correlates with innumerable health issues and is even linked to increased mortality risk.

但是有些人即使在享用了一顿大餐之后，仍然会有强烈的继续进食的欲望，这种行为没什么意义，因为大多数成年人都非常了解肥胖的危险，研究人员已经表明肥胖与无数健康问题相关，甚至与增加的死亡风险有关联。

A recent landmark study identified a 75% fall in insect populations between 1989 and 2016, with pesticide use thought to be to blame along with the destruction of wild areas for development.

一项近期的里程碑式研究发现，1989年至2016年间昆虫数量下降了75%，杀虫剂的使用以及为了开发而对野生区域的破坏被认为是其原因。

Their work offers new insights into the impact word choice has on how we differentiate between statements expressing what is real versus what is merely possible.

他们的研究为词汇选择对我们如何区分表达真实事物的陈述与仅表达可能事物的陈述之间的影响提供了新见解。

Digital exclusion is a major threat to wider societal equality in the UK, so witnessing companies like Facebook championing the metaverse(元宇宙) as the next great frontier when school children are struggling to complete their homework feels particularly irritating.

数字排斥是英国更广泛社会平等的主要威胁，因此当学童正在努力完成他们的家庭作业时，目睹像脸书这样的公司拥护元宇宙作为下一个伟大前沿感觉特别令人恼火。

Consequently, it's worth bearing in mind that while deleting all social media accounts will undoubtedly make some feel infinitely better, many other people benefit from the strong sense of community that sharing platforms can breed.

因此，值得记住的是，虽然删除所有社交媒体账户无疑会让一些人感觉好得多，但许多其他人受益于分享平台能够培育的强烈社区感。

One of the features of addiction that scientists studying drug addiction discovered back in the 1990s was that the faster a substance hits the brain, the more apt we are as a result to act impulsively.

20世纪90年代，研究药物成瘾的科学家们发现的成瘾特征之一是，一种物质作用于大脑的速度越快，结果我们就越容易冲动行事。

This anecdotal evidence matches the conclusions of the study, which found no evidence that dietary diversity promotes healthy body weight or optimal eating patterns, and limited evidence that eating a variety of foods is actually associated with consuming more calories, poor eating patterns and weight gain.

这种轶事证据与该研究的结论相符，该研究未发现饮食多样性促进健康体重或最佳饮食模式的证据，且发现有限的证据表明食用多种食物实际上与摄入更多卡路里、不良饮食模式和体重增加有关联。

It's crucial that people who feel that social media is having a detrimental effect on their mental health are allowed to switch off and for those living in digital exclusion to be able to switch on in the first place.

至关重要的是，那些认为社交媒体对其心理健康产生有害影响的人应被允许关闭（社交媒体），并且首先对于那些生活在数字排斥中的人来说，他们应能够开启（社交媒体）。

As it has often been pointed out, however, there is nothing in the concept of natural selection that suggests that competition is the most successful strategy for "survival of the fittest."

然而，正如常被指出的那样，自然选择的概念中没有任何内容表明竞争是“适者生存”的最成功策略。

Self-sufficiency is not Africa's goal, but the fact that it spends more money importing food than it does buying capital goods suggests it has room for improvement.

自给自足不是非洲的目标，但它花在进口食品上的钱比花在购买资本货物上的多这一事实表明，它有改进的空间。

It goes without saying that this is fundamentally different from how the rest of us without beauty deals and films to publicise use the likes of Instagram, TikTok and Twitter, but even the concept of a digital detox(戒瘾) requires having a device and connectivity to choose to disconnect from.

不言而喻，这与我们这些没有美妆合作和宣传影片的人使用Instagram、TikTok和Twitter等平台的方式根本不同，但即使是数字戒瘾（戒瘾）的概念也需要有设备和连接才能选择从中断开。

The average male creative arts students, indeed, apparently earn much less than they would, had they simply never gone to university.

普通男性创意艺术学生，确实，显然赚得远比他们本应赚的少，如果他们根本没有上过大学的话。

Not only have we grown accustomed to getting the information we want instantaneously, our attention spans are much shorter.

我们不仅已经习惯了即刻获取我们想要的信息，而且我们的注意力持续时间也短得多。

In regularly reflecting on the things in his life he is grateful for, Defoe's Crusoe believes that he becomes a far better person than he would have been had he remained in the society from which he originally set out on his voyage.

在定期反思他生活中所感激的事物时，笛福笔下的鲁滨逊认为，他成为了一个比如果他留在他最初出发航行的那个社会中原本会成为的人要好得多的人。

Likewise, receiving a kindness can give rise to a sense of indebtedness, leaving beneficiaries feeling that they must now pay back whatever good they have received.

同样地，接受一份善意会产生一种亏欠感，使受益者觉得他们现在必须偿还所接受的任何善意。

And while no one would argue for cultivating a false sense of blessedness, there is mounting evidence that counting our blessings is one of the best habits we can develop to promote mental and physical health.

并且虽然没有人会主张培养一种虚假的幸福感，但有越来越多的证据表明，细数我们的 blessings 是我们可以养成的促进心理和身体健康的最佳习惯之一。

The ability to make inferences from same and different, once thought to be unique to humans, is viewed as a cornerstone of abstract intelligent thought.

从相同与不同中做出推断的能力，曾被认为是人类独有的，被视为抽象智能思维的基石。

The study, published Thursday in Science, challenges our idea of what it means to have a birdbrain, said Edward Wasserman, an experimental psychologist at the University of Iowa who wrote an independent review of the study.

爱荷华大学实验心理学家爱德华·沃瑟曼（Edward Wasserman）撰写了该研究的独立评论，他表示，这项周四发表在《科学》（Science）杂志上的研究挑战了我们对“鸟脑”含义的理解。

One day in 2015, the magnetometer(磁力计) picked up metal that turned out to be an iron cannon; when the divers blew the sand away, they also discovered a more precious bronze cannon with markings indicating French royalty and, not far off, a famous marble column carved with the coat of arms of France, known from historical paintings.

2015年的一天，磁力计（magnetometer）探测到了金属，结果发现是一门铁炮；当潜水员吹走沙子时，他们还发现了一门更珍贵的带有表明法国皇室标记的青铜炮，不远处还有一根著名的刻有法国国徽的大理石柱，这从历史画作中可知。

You might be surprised to learn that the benefits of friendships extend beyond people's social life and into their work, which is interesting when considering the extent to which people sacrifice friendships, or at least the time they spend with friends, because of the extended hours they're devoting to work.

你可能会惊讶地得知，友谊的益处不仅延伸到人们的社交生活，还延伸到他们的工作中。考虑到人们在多大程度上牺牲友谊，或者至少是他们花在朋友身上的时间，因为他们投入工作的时间延长了，这一点很有趣。

Furthermore, ethics committees should make it mandatory for researchers to share their results with the public.

此外，伦理委员会应该使研究人员必须与公众分享他们的研究结果。

This correlation suggests that the layout and design of cities can hinder or promote healthier lifestyle choices and it is imperative that urban planners bear this in mind.

这种相关性表明城市的布局和设计会阻碍或促进更健康的生活方式选择，并且城市规划者必须牢记这一点。

But encouraging as these kinds of studies are, they still have not established exactly how or why differences between bilinguals and monolinguals exist.

但是尽管这类研究令人鼓舞，它们仍然没有确切地确定双语者和单语者之间的差异是如何或为何存在的。

For Africans its consequences will be particularly bitter: whereas other regions were able to grow rich by burning coal and oil, Africa will pay much of the human price without having enjoyed the benefits.

对非洲人来说，其后果将尤其严重：其他地区能够通过燃烧煤炭和石油致富，而非洲将在没有享受到好处的情况下付出大部分人力代价。

To benefit both researchers and the communities, the need to find innovative, accessible ways to share the work cannot be overstated.

为了使研究人员和社区都受益，找到创新且可获取的方式来分享研究成果的必要性怎么强调都不为过。

One such society was the Zuni Indians of Arizona, and they, Mead found, valued cooperation far more than competition.

一个这样的社会是亚利桑那州的祖尼印第安人，而且米德发现，他们重视合作远胜过竞争。

Even if the world were to cut emissions enough to keep global warming below 1.5℃, heat-waves would intensify in Africa and diseases would spread to areas not currently affected.

即使世界能够充分削减排放以将全球变暖控制在1.5℃以下，非洲的热浪仍会加剧，疾病也会传播到目前未受影响的地区。

What can we infer from the conclusion drawn by the team of the new study on the basis of their findings?

根据他们的研究结果，我们能从这项新研究的团队得出的结论中推断出什么？

What does the author think is easy to see in many areas of contemporary life?

作者认为在当代生活的许多领域中什么是容易看到的？

It is hard to determine whether people who are free from dementia tend to have more social activities, or more social activities keep people away from dementia.

很难确定是没有痴呆症的人倾向于有更多的社交活动，还是更多的社交活动使人们远离痴呆症。

However, research suggests that although this type of training may improve one's abilities at the tasks themselves, they don't seem to improve other abilities.

然而，研究表明，尽管这种类型的训练可能提高一个人在任务本身的能力，但它们似乎并没有提高其他能力。

So we can't really say whether being socially active prevents the onset of dementia, or if people who don't have dementia are more likely to be socially active.

因此我们不能真正确定是社交活跃能预防痴呆症的发病，还是没有痴呆症的人更有可能社交活跃。

Small is often (but not always) more affordable, healthier, and sustainable, but its finest characteristic, the one that turns charm into love, is that going small allows us to be more fully who we are.

小通常（但并非总是）更实惠、更健康且更具可持续性，但其最佳特征，即那种将魅力转化为爱的特征，是追求小能让我们更完全地成为我们自己。

Before children have even developed a proper sense of their own identity, or learned to handle money, they're encouraged to associate status and self-worth with stuff, and to look to external things such as fame and wealth for validation.

在孩子们甚至还没有形成对自己身份的恰当认知，或者学会处理金钱之前，他们被鼓励将地位和自我价值与物质联系起来，并从外部事物如名声和财富中寻求认可。

Nevertheless, I would suggest you start with computer science because there will be many intricate visuals you will have to produce as part of your projects.

尽管如此，我建议你从计算机科学开始，因为你将不得不制作许多复杂的视觉效果，作为你项目的一部分。

They measured three types of perfectionism: self-oriented, or a desire to be perfect; socially prescribed, or a desire to live up to others' expectations; and other-oriented, or holding others to unrealistic standards.

他们测量了三种类型的完美主义：自我导向型，即渴望做到完美；社会规定型，即渴望达到他人的期望；以及他人导向型，即使他人遵守不切实际的标准。

It is also one with which contemporary psychology and medicine are just beginning to catch up.

它也是当代心理学和医学刚刚开始追赶的一个。

As they become more and more predictable, the creatures inhabiting the increasingly AI-mediated world will become less and less like us.

随着它们变得越来越可预测，栖息在日益由人工智能介导的世界中的生物将变得越来越不像我们。

In other words, when highly anxious individuals took in otherwise emotionally neutral information that was presented to them, it became colored by their negative mindset, making them remember the information better.

换句话说，当高度焦虑的个体接收原本在情感上是中性的、呈现给他们的信息时，这些信息会被他们的消极心态所影响，使他们能更好地记住这些信息。

It could be that our raw intelligence gave us an unprecedented ability to think outside the box, innovating solutions to thorny problems as people migrated across the globe.

可能是我们原始的智力赋予了我们前所未有的跳出思维定势思考的能力，当人们向全球迁移时，创新解决棘手问题的方案。

At the same time, when a system no longer provides opportunities for the majority to participate in wealth building, it not only robs those who are excluded from opportunities, but also deprives them of their dignity.

与此同时，当一个系统不再为大多数人提供参与财富创造的机会时，它不仅剥夺了那些被排除在机会之外的人，而且还剥夺了他们的尊严。

Unthinkable as it may be, humanity, every last person, could someday be wiped from the face of the Earth.

尽管这可能难以想象，但人类，每一个人，终有一天可能会从地球表面被彻底消灭。

Salvors feel they do the hard work of searching for ships, only to have them stolen from under them when discovered.

救助者们觉得他们做了搜寻船只的艰苦工作，结果却在发现船只时船只被人从他们眼皮底下偷走。

Thereafter, we are at the mercy of a battle between our base impulses for self-fulfillment and social and cultural norms which prohibit pure indulgence.

此后，我们受一种在我们追求自我实现的基本冲动与禁止纯粹放纵的社会文化规范之间的斗争支配。

Other studies of successful aging suggest that being connected to one's community and having plenty of social interaction is also important in delaying or even preventing the onset of dementia.

其他关于成功老龄化的研究表明，与自己的社区保持联系并拥有大量的社会互动对于延缓甚至预防痴呆症的发作也是重要的。

Aside from the salvors, their investors, and the maritime archaeologists who serve as expert witnesses, the battles sweep in local and international governments and organizations like UNESCO that work to protect under-water heritage.

除了打捞者、他们的投资者以及担任专家证人的海洋考古学家之外，这些争议还卷入了地方和国际政府以及像联合国教科文组织这样致力于保护水下遗产的组织。

A separate study, conducted in India, found strikingly similar results: bilingual patients developed symptoms of dementia 4.5 years later than monolinguals, even after other potential factors, such as gender and occupation, were controlled for.

在印度进行的另一项研究发现了惊人相似的结果：双语患者比单语者晚4.5年出现痴呆症状，即使在其他潜在因素（如性别和职业）被控制之后。

Her books tend to be populated by odd, sometimes sinful, and generally flawed eccentrics who become credible by virtue of being so fully realized.

她的书往往由古怪的、有时是有罪的、且总体上有缺陷的怪人所充斥，这些怪人因其被如此充分地塑造而变得可信。