英语六级 · 引导词

英语六级真题中 who 引导的从句

who 引导定语从句,指代人并在从句里充当主语(口语中也常代替宾格 whom)。限制性与非限制性从句它都能引导,是真题里指人定语从句的默认引导词。

英语六级真题里 who 引导的从句共 728 处实例,覆盖 2 类从句;本页按从句类型分节,精选 48 句真题例句(出自 28 套真题卷,句长 12–50 词)。 每节先给该类型的实例计数与所属从句族入口,再逐句给出例句:高亮从句在原句中的位置,标注它在句中的功能与嵌套层级,附中文翻译、逐句解析与出处试卷; 点句卡末尾的「本句详情」可看结构树逐层拆解、成分与时态标注、考点讲解与真题高频词。

判断要点 先行词是人、从句缺主语,用 who;若 who 前有逗号则是非限制性从句,阅读时可先跳过抓主干。

本页精选的 48 句真题例句已由懒笔记排版为 A4 打印版 PDF,可免费下载,PDF 内的真题出处链接均可点击。

01 · who

who 引导的限制性定语从句(英语六级真题 628 处,精选 24 句)

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 3 层 CEFR B2 27 词

Children who accurately guess how much was in their piggy bank(猪形储钱罐) get a prize, and free candies are handed out when the coins are exchanged for banknotes.

准确猜出自己猪形储钱罐里有多少钱的孩子可以获得奖品;把硬币兑换成纸币时,还会免费发放糖果。

解析

这是限制性定语从句,"who"在从句中作主语,修饰并限定先行词"Children";只有准确猜出金额的孩子才属于该范围。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 33 词

Parents who choose to help their children learn how to plan ahead, reflect on the past and self-regulate can make a huge difference in promoting good financial behaviour in the future, explains Whitebread.

怀特布雷德解释说,父母如果选择帮助孩子学会未雨绸缪、反思过去并进行自我调节,就能在培养孩子未来良好的理财行为方面发挥巨大作用。

解析

“who choose...”紧跟在先行词“Parents”之后,无逗号,修饰并限定父母的范围;“who”在从句中作“choose”的主语,因此是限制性定语从句。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 29 词

They are borderless, mostly self-employed remote workers who interact with cities in a way that's entirely different from a tourist, but still doesn't quite reach the status of resident.

他们是不受地域限制的远程工作者,大多为个体经营者。他们与城市互动的方式与游客截然不同,却又还没有真正达到居民的身份。

解析

该从句由关系代词 "who" 引导,修饰并限定前面的 "remote workers"。"who" 在从句中作主语,后接谓语 "interact";从句内部的 "that's..." 又修饰 "a way"。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 嵌套父·其他成分 深度·第 3 层 CEFR C1 27 词

Agok is just one of the hundreds of millions of people in sub-Saharan Africa, many of whom are business owners, who still do not have dependable electricity.

Agok 只是撒哈拉以南非洲数亿人口中的一员,他们中的许多人是企业主,却至今仍没有可靠的电力供应。

解析

这是限制性定语从句,修饰前面的"people",说明这些人仍然没有可靠的电力供应。关系代词"who"在从句中作主语;去掉该从句会丢失对所指人群的关键限定信息。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 嵌套父·其他成分 深度·第 3 层 CEFR C1 35 词

However, mothers were more effective, with 38 percent reporting that their kids loved the tunes they shared, compared to 30 percent of dads who, in some cases, said their children cried or even fell asleep.

不过,母亲们的效果更好:有38%的母亲表示,孩子喜欢她们分享的歌曲;相比之下,只有30%的父亲表示孩子喜欢这些歌曲,有些父亲甚至说孩子听着听着哭了,或者睡着了。

解析

该从句紧跟在先行词 "dads" 后面,限定所指的父亲群体;关系词 "who" 在从句中作主语,谓语为 "said"。"in some cases" 是插入的情况状语,不改变定语从句性质。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 嵌套父·其他成分 深度·第 3 层 CEFR C2 38 词

It goes against the liberal idea of unrestricted individuals who see society as a hindrance to their freedom to make choices and to act according to what is good for them regardless of how these will affect others.

它违背了不受限制的个人的自由主义理念,这些个人将社会视为他们做出选择和根据对自己有利的事物行动的自由的障碍,而不管这些行动会如何影响他人。

解析

限制性定语从句修饰individuals,who在从句中作主语。从句主干为"who see society as a hindrance",后续包含多层修饰和嵌套从句。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 28 词

There'll be those who argue that would be a breach of freedom of speech and infringe the rights of corporations to brainwash little children into demanding their products.

将会有人争辩说,那将是对言论自由的侵犯,并侵犯公司向小孩子洗脑以要求他们的产品的权利。

解析

限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 "those"。关系代词 "who" 在从句中作主语,引导一个完整分句,谓语动词为 "argue"。从句内部包含一个宾语从句作 "argue" 的宾语。无逗号分隔,删去后主句意义不完整。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 22 词

It deterred luxury consumers who found their expensive clothing more closely associated with working-class youth culture than a prestigious heritage fashion house.

它阻止了那些发现自己昂贵的服装与工人阶级青年文化的联系比与一个享有声望的传统时尚品牌的联系更紧密的奢侈品消费者。

解析

关系代词 who 指代先行词 luxury consumers,在从句中充当主语(found 的主语);从句修饰并限定 luxury consumers 为「发现其昂贵服装与工人阶级青年文化联系更紧密的那些消费者」,无逗号隔开,删去则主句指代不明,属限制性定语从句。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 33 词

Old people's nursing homes, even the best run, are filled with older people who believe the only thing they can do for their children is to look cheerful when they come to visit.

养老院,即使是运营最好的,也到处都是这样的老年人:他们认为自己能为子女做的唯一事情就是在子女来看望时表现出开心的样子。

解析

关系代词 "who" 引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 "older people","who" 在从句中作主语。从句内部包含宾语从句 "the only thing they can do for their children is to look cheerful when they come to visit"。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 16 词

What they sometimes lack is feedback from the people who they hope will use their products.

他们有时所缺乏的是来自他们希望会使用其产品的人们的反馈。

解析

"who"引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词"the people","who"在从句中充当主语。完整结构为"who will use their products",中间插入了"they hope"作插入语,表示说话人的推测或期望。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 43 词

I think of another student I had who came to me one morning, one evening actually, walked into my office and said that I had written a pretty good paper, but that it had five important mistakes and that he wanted a job.

我想起我曾有过的另一个学生,他在一天早上,实际上是一天晚上,走进我的办公室,说我写了一篇相当不错的论文,但它有五个重要的错误,并且他想要一份工作。

解析

限制性定语从句,先行词为 "another student",关系代词 "who" 在从句中作主语。从句内部包含并列谓语 "came"、"walked" 和 "said",其中 "said" 后跟三个并列的宾语从句。插入语 "one evening actually" 修正了时间状语。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 嵌套父·宾语从句 深度·第 3 层 CEFR C1 24 词

But the study warns that it is teenagers who engage in all three of these practices in the extreme who are truly in jeopardy.

但该研究警告说,正是那些在极端情况下从事所有这三种行为的青少年才真正处于危险之中。

解析

第二个限制性定语从句,同样由 "who" 引导并作主语,修饰先行词 "teenagers",说明这些青少年的状态——真正处于危险之中。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 32 词

It was above all the French, followed closely by the Americans, who were the most passionate exporters of the new invention, helping to start cinema in China, Japan, Latin America and Russia.

首先是法国人,紧随其后的是美国人,他们是这项新发明最热情的出口者,帮助在中国、日本、拉丁美洲和俄罗斯开创了电影业。

解析

"who" 指代前面的 "the French",并在从句中作主语,后接谓语 "were" 和表语 "the most passionate exporters of the new invention"。该从句处在强调句 "It was ... who ..." 中,功能上限定并说明被强调的对象,因此归为限制性定语从句。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 嵌套父·状语从句 深度·第 3 层 CEFR C1 22 词

Also, if you know someone who is a role model of self-discipline, picture that person in your situation, persisting in the task.

此外,如果你认识一位自律的榜样,可以想象那个人身处你的情境,仍然坚持完成这项任务。

解析

该从句紧跟在先行词 "someone" 后面,没有逗号,限定说明是哪一种人。关系词 "who" 在从句中作主语,后接系动词 "is" 和表语 "a role model of self-discipline",因此是限制性定语从句。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 16 词

There's always going to be the odd board member who intervenes and demands rectifications be made.

总会有个别董事会成员进行干预并要求进行整改。

解析

限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 "the odd board member",由关系代词 "who" 引导。"who" 在从句中作主语,指代 "board member",从句谓语是并列结构 "intervenes and demands",两个动词共享主语 "who"。从句无逗号隔开,对先行词起限定作用,删去则句意不完整(不知是哪种董事会成员)。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 45 词

New research looked at people who increased their exercise levels after their 40s beyond levels they had when they were younger and those individuals showed declines in their risk of early mortality which were similar to those of people who exercised consistently throughout their lives.

新研究观察了在40岁以后增加运动水平、超过年轻时水平的人,而这些人显示出早期死亡风险的下降,这种下降与那些终身坚持锻炼的人相似。

解析

限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 "people"。关系代词 "who" 在从句中作主语,引导从句说明是哪些人(40岁后增加运动量的人)。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 嵌套父·其他成分 深度·第 3 层 CEFR C1 18 词

When making a decision, you'd better ask for opinions of those who have less stake in your decision.

当做决定时,你最好征求那些在你的决定中利益较少的人的意见。

解析

限制性定语从句,修饰先行词"those"(那些人)。关系代词"who"在从句中作主语,指代those,从句谓语为"have less stake in your decision"(在你的决定中利益关系较少)。该从句限定了征求意见的对象范围,与先行词无逗号隔开,属于限制性定语。

引导词·who 引导词功能·宾语 嵌套父·其他成分 深度·第 4 层 CEFR C1 19 词

As students, we use this excuse to shrug off losing people who we once thought to be loved ones.

作为学生,我们用这个借口来摆脱失去那些我们曾经认为是亲人的人。

解析

"who we once thought to be loved ones" 修饰先行词 "people",限定这些人是“我们曾经认为是所爱之人的人”。关系词 "who" 指代 "people",在从句中充当 "thought" 的宾语,并与后面的不定式补足语 "to be loved ones" 构成“think sb. to be...”结构。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 14 词

What is the problem with people who are driven to give you unsolicited advice?

那些被驱使给你主动提供建议的人有什么问题?

解析

限制性定语从句,修饰先行词"people",关系代词"who"在从句中作主语,从句采用被动语态"are driven",不定式"to give you unsolicited advice"作主语补足语,说明被驱使的具体行为。无逗号隔开,删去后主句会失去对"people"的限定。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 27 词

We like to work with people who are like-minded, with whom we share a common interest, or who also believe in a cause we are serious about.

我们喜欢与志趣相投的人工作,我们与他们有着共同的兴趣,或者他们也信仰一个我们认真对待的事业。

解析

限制性定语从句修饰 "people",关系代词 "who" 在从句中作主语,谓语 "believe in",宾语 "a cause"。"a cause" 后又被另一个限制性定语从句修饰("we are serious about"),形成嵌套。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 嵌套父·宾语从句 深度·第 3 层 CEFR C1 23 词

Let's say for example, there are two landowners who are in a thorny disagreement about something like the borders of their adjacent plots.

让我们举例来说,有两位土地所有者,他们在诸如其相邻地块边界之类的事情上存在棘手的分歧。

解析

该从句紧跟先行词 "two landowners",没有逗号隔开,用来限定说明是哪两个土地所有者。关系词 "who" 指代 "landowners",并在从句 "who are in a thorny disagreement..." 中作主语,因此是限制性定语从句。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 26 词

There's a lot more people in the older generation who are living for longer but not necessarily staying healthy for a large part of their lives.

老年一代中有更多的人寿命更长,但他们一生中的大部分时间不一定保持健康。

解析

关系代词 "who" 引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词 "people","who" 在从句中作主语。从句内部包含 "but" 连接的并列谓语 "are living for longer" 和 "not necessarily staying healthy for a large part of their lives",无逗号隔开,紧跟先行词,删去后主句意义残缺(不知道是哪些老年人),符合限制性定语从句特征。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 4 层 CEFR C1 23 词

The academics argue that during the 1990s, as governments began to introduce leave policies, it was mainly women who took advantage of them.

学者们认为,在20世纪90年代,随着各国政府开始推行休假政策,主要是女性利用了这些政策。

解析

"who" 引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 "women"(在强调句型中被强调)。"who" 在从句中充当主语,"took advantage of" 是谓语,"them" 是宾语(指代 leave policies)。定语从句与先行词紧密相连,无逗号隔开。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 29 词

A snob is anyone who takes a relatively small part of us and uses it to come to a rigid conclusion about how much of their attention we deserve.

势利小人是指任何抓住我们身上相对较小的一部分,并利用它来得出关于我们应得多少他们关注的僵化结论的人。

解析

限制性定语从句,修饰先行词"anyone"。"who"在从句中作主语,连接两个并列谓语"takes"和"uses",后者带不定式"to come"作目的状语。从句无逗号隔开,删去后主句"A snob is anyone"意义不完整,符合限制性定语从句特征。

02 · who

who 引导的非限制性定语从句(英语六级真题 100 处,精选 24 句)

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 深度·第 1 层 CEFR C1 37 词

They are home to over six million people, who face repeated displacement from flooding and erosion—which may be getting worse because of climate change—and a range of health risks, including poor nutrition, malaria(疟疾) and other water-borne diseases.

它们是六百多万人的家园,这些人面临着因洪水和侵蚀而反复流离失所——这种情况可能因气候变化而变得更糟——以及一系列健康风险,包括营养不良、疟疾和其他水传播疾病。

解析

who引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词people,用逗号隔开。who在从句中作主语,从句谓语为face,宾语为并列结构"repeated displacement from flooding and erosion...and a range of health risks, including...",including引导的补充说明也属于从句内容的一部分。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·比较从句 深度·第 4 层 CEFR C1 42 词

It turns out that the less skilled pianist spends more time looking at her fingers than does the expert who, in contrast, is more likely to be looking at the sheet of music, or looking ahead at keys he's not yet playing.

事实证明,技术较差的钢琴家比专家花费更多时间看自己的手指,相比之下,专家更有可能看乐谱,或者提前看他尚未弹奏的琴键。

解析

who 引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 the expert,用逗号隔开。从句主语是 who(指代 expert),谓语是"is more likely to be",后接两个并列的动名词短语"looking at the sheet of music"和"looking ahead at keys…",第二个短语中又嵌套定语从句"he's not yet playing"修饰 keys。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·其他成分 深度·第 3 层 CEFR C1 35 词

"Does nature return by itself?" asks Arnout Asjes, Land Life Company's chief technology officer, who oversees a mix of drone(无人机) and satellite imagery, big data analysis, soil enhancement, QR(二维码) tagging and site-specific tree configuration designs.

“大自然会自行恢复吗?”Land Life 公司首席技术官阿诺特·阿斯耶斯问道。他负责统筹无人机与卫星影像、大数据分析、土壤改良、二维码标记,以及针对具体地点设计的树木配置方案。

解析

该从句由关系代词“who”引导,并通过逗号与前面的职位名词短语隔开,对“Arnout Asjes”这一人物作补充说明。“who”指代该人物并在从句内部充当主语,“oversees”是谓语,因此属于非限制性定语从句。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·主语从句 深度·第 3 层 CEFR C1 32 词

It's no surprise that many nomads are dual citizens or "third culture kids," who have grown up with a notion of identity that's not tied to nationalism or staying in one place.

许多游牧者拥有双重国籍,或是“第三文化子女”,这并不令人意外;他们成长过程中形成的身份认同,并不与民族主义或固守一处的生活方式相联系。

解析

该从句由逗号后的 "who" 引导,补充说明前面的名词短语 "third culture kids"。"who" 在从句中作主语,逗号表明其为非限制性定语从句;从句内部的 "that's not tied to nationalism or staying in one place" 进一步修饰 "identity"。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 40 词

And because nomads often have to stay where the strongest internet connection is, they tend to spend more time in developing cities compared to the average tourist, who often flees to more touristy destinations soon after landing at the airport.

由于游牧者往往不得不待在网络信号最强的地方,因此与普通游客相比,他们通常会在发展中的城市停留更长时间;普通游客往往一下飞机,就会很快前往更具旅游特色的目的地。

解析

逗号后的 "who" 引导补充说明 "the average tourist" 的非限制性定语从句;"who" 在从句中作主语,"often flees" 构成谓语。删除该从句后,主句仍可独立表达完整信息。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 36 词

So I can relate to author Anneli Rufus, who wrote in *Party of One: The Loners' Manifesto*: "When parents on TV shows punished their kids by ordering them to go to their rooms, I was confused.

所以我能够理解作家安妮利·鲁弗斯,她在《孤独者宣言:一个人的派对》中写道:“当电视节目中的父母通过命令孩子回自己房间来惩罚他们时,我感到困惑。

解析

"who" 指代前面的名词先行词 "Anneli Rufus",并在从句中作主语,谓语为 "wrote"。该从句前有逗号,补充说明 Anneli Rufus 写过什么,删去后主句 "I can relate to author Anneli Rufus" 仍成立,因此是非限制性定语从句。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR B2 20 词

"It's not very well-known," says the 45-year-old, who is instead focusing on longan(龙眼) berries and pineapples, which have bigger markets.

"它不是很出名,"这位45岁的人说,他转而专注于龙眼和菠萝,这些水果有更大的市场。

解析

由 "who" 引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 "the 45-year-old",用逗号隔开。"who" 在从句中作主语,补充说明这位45岁者的行为。从句内部还嵌套了另一个非限制性定语从句修饰 "longan berries and pineapples"。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR B2 34 词

This isn't really good for anyone, and it's certainly no good for graduates, who are forced to endure a lifestyle where they can never save up, never buy a house, never hope to retire.

这对任何人来说都不是真的好,而且对毕业生来说肯定也不好,他们被迫忍受一种生活方式,在这种生活方式中他们永远无法存钱,永远无法买房,永远无法指望退休。

解析

非限制性定语从句,用逗号与先行词"graduates"隔开,"who"在从句中作主语指代"graduates",从句内部使用被动语态"are forced to endure",宾语"a lifestyle"后又嵌套了where引导的限制性定语从句。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR B2 12 词

Think of professional athletes, who train aggressively for ever-higher levels of competition.

想想职业运动员,他们为了不断提高的竞争水平而积极训练。

解析

"who train aggressively for ever-higher levels of competition" 由关系代词 "who" 引导,修饰前面的名词短语 "professional athletes"。它前面有逗号,且只是补充说明这些运动员的训练特点,删去后主句 "Think of professional athletes" 仍然成立,因此是非限制性定语从句;"who" 在从句中作主语,谓语为 "train"。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 50 词

To some extent, they are right: climate change has already destroyed tens of thousands of livelihoods, and the situation will worsen in the near future for millions of mostly poorer people, who will join the ranks of those who have already been displaced by climate change and extreme weather events.

在某种程度上,他们是对的:气候变化已经摧毁了成千上万的生计,而且在不久的将来,对于数百万大多数更贫穷的人来说,情况将会恶化,这些人将加入那些已经因气候变化和极端天气事件而流离失所者的行列。

解析

非限制性定语从句,由逗号与先行词 "millions of mostly poorer people" 隔开,关系词 "who" 作从句主语,指代 "people"。从句内部含另一个限制性定语从句 "who have already been displaced..." 修饰 "those"。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 42 词

A greater disaster was averted by members of the Paris fire brigade, who risked their lives to remain inside the burning monument to create a wall of water between the raging fire and the two towers on the west of the building.

一场更大的灾难被巴黎消防队的队员们避免了,他们冒着生命危险留在燃烧的纪念碑内,在熊熊大火和建筑物西侧的两座塔楼之间筑起一道水墙。

解析

该从句由"who"引导,修饰先行词"members of the Paris fire brigade",前有逗号隔开,属非限制性定语从句。"who"在从句中作主语,指代消防队员。从句内部含有两个不定式"to remain"和"to create",且"to create"内部还嵌套了一个介词短语"between...building"。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·其他成分 深度·第 3 层 CEFR C1 34 词

But the scheme is attracting criticism from scientists and conservation groups, who argue that the government hasn't gone far enough in protecting the Coral Sea, or in other marine reserves in the coastal network.

但该计划正招致来自科学家和保护组织的批评,他们认为政府在保护珊瑚海方面做得还不够,或者在沿海网络中的其他海洋保护区方面也是如此。

解析

"who" 前有逗号,指代前面的 "scientists and conservation groups",并在从句中作 "argue" 的主语;该从句补充说明这些科学家和环保组织的观点,删去后主句 "the scheme is attracting criticism from scientists and conservation groups" 仍成立。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 深度·第 1 层 CEFR C1 31 词

One thought leader in the positive stress world is Dutch extreme athlete Wim Hof, who earned the name "ice man" for his ability to withstand severe cold using deep breathing exercises.

积极压力领域的一位思想领袖是荷兰极限运动员Wim Hof,他因使用深呼吸练习承受严寒的能力而获得“冰人”的称号。

解析

非限制性定语从句,用逗号与先行词"Wim Hof"隔开。关系代词"who"在从句中作主语,指代Wim Hof。从句主干为"who earned the name "ice man"",后接"for his ability"表原因,ability后又带不定式"to withstand severe cold"作定语,不定式中包含现在分词短语"using deep breathing exercises"作方式状语。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C2 36 词

This was in part prompted by theorist Noam Chomsky, who argued that something as complex as the rules of grammar cannot be picked up from exposure to speech, but is supplied by an inborn "language faculty."

这在一定程度上是由理论家诺姆·乔姆斯基推动的,他认为像语法规则这样复杂的东西不可能从接触言语中习得,而是由一种天生的“语言官能”提供的。

解析

关系代词"who"引导非限制性定语从句修饰"theorist Noam Chomsky",逗号隔开表补充说明。"who"在从句中充当主语,谓语为"argued",后接that引导的宾语从句作argued的宾语。整个从句说明乔姆斯基的论点内容。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 30 词

The editor's office used to be occupied by founder DeWitt Wallace, who, along with his wife, Lila Acheson Wallace, launched Reader's Digest in 1922 with condensed articles from other publications.

编辑办公室过去由创始人德威特·华莱士占用,他和他的妻子莉拉·艾奇逊·华莱士一起,于1922年用来自其他出版物的浓缩文章创办了《读者文摘》。

解析

该从句由关系词 "who" 引导,前面有逗号,与先行词 "founder DeWitt Wallace" 隔开,补充说明 Wallace 和妻子创办《读者文摘》的信息。"who" 在从句中充当主语,谓语为 "launched",因此是非限制性定语从句。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 24 词

On the flip side, there are many "forced riders", who are suffering from the climate change impacts despite having scarcely contributed to the problem.

另一方面,有许多“被迫搭乘者”,他们正在遭受气候变化的影响,尽管几乎没有对这个问题做出贡献。

解析

由 "who" 引导的非限制性定语从句,前有逗号与先行词 "forced riders" 隔开。"who" 在从句中作主语,指代 "forced riders",从句内部包含现在进行时 "are suffering from" 和 despite 引导的介词短语 "despite having scarcely contributed to the problem"。从句补充说明这些 "forced riders" 的处境:正在遭受气候变化影响,尽管几乎没有造成问题。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 3 层 CEFR C1 35 词

"By reintroducing trees in the landscape, we impact positively humidity, rain capture, soil conservation and biodiversity preservation," says coffee expert Benoit Bertrand, who leads the project from the French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development.

“通过在景观中重新种植树木,我们能够对空气湿度、雨水截留、土壤保护和生物多样性保护产生积极影响。”咖啡专家贝努瓦·贝特朗说。他在法国国际发展农业研究中心负责该项目。

解析

该从句由逗号隔开,补充说明先行词 "Benoit Bertrand",而不是限定是哪一位 Benoit Bertrand。关系词 "who" 在从句中作主语,完整结构为 "who leads the project..."。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 3 层 CEFR C1 26 词

"You need to bring in private sector money," says WRI's Vergara, who leads the initiative, "and that capital needs to see a return on their investment."

“你需要引入私营部门的资金,”负责这项倡议的 WRI 研究员维尔加拉说,“而且这些资金必须看到投资回报。”

解析

这是非限制性定语从句,由关系代词"who"引导,补充说明先行词"WRI's Vergara";"who"在从句中作主语,"leads"是谓语。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·宾语从句 深度·第 3 层 CEFR C1 24 词

Managers like her, who seek input even from non-experts to shape their decisions, can find greater support and cooperation from their workforce, she says.

她说,像她这样甚至会征求非专家意见来制定决策的管理者,能够从员工那里获得更大的支持与合作。

解析

"who" 引导非限制性定语从句,前后由逗号隔开,补充说明先行词 "Managers like her";"who" 在从句中作主语,谓语是 "seek"。删去该从句后,主句 "Managers like her can find..." 仍然成立。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 36 词

Leon Clarke, who helped author reports for the UN's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, isn't an uncritical supporter of nuclear energy, but says it's a valuable option to have if we're serious about reaching carbon neutrality.

里昂·克拉克,曾为联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会撰写报告,并非核能的不加批判的支持者,但他表示,如果我们认真对待实现碳中和,那么这是一个值得拥有的选择。

解析

该从句由关系代词 "who" 引导,前后用逗号与先行词 "Leon Clarke" 隔开,对 Leon Clarke 作补充说明;"who" 在从句中作主语,谓语为 "helped author",因此是非限制性定语从句。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 30 词

"Treasure hunters can be naive," says attorney David Concannon, who has had several maritime archaeologists as clients and represented two sides in the battles over the Titanic for 20 years.

“寻宝者可能很天真,”律师大卫·康坎农说,他有几位海洋考古学家作为客户,并在长达20年的泰坦尼克号争夺战中代表双方。

解析

该从句修饰先行词 "David Concannon",用逗号隔开,属非限制性定语从句,补充说明律师的专业背景。关系代词 who 在从句中作主语,从句谓语是并列的两个完成时动词 "has had" 和 "(has) represented"。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR B2 31 词

In 2015, I was looking at ways to leave finance, and my best friend Vanessa, who grew up on a ranch on the Central Coast of California, suggested starting a blog.

2015年,我正在寻找离开金融行业的方法,而我的好友Vanessa,她在加利福尼亚州中部海岸的一个牧场长大,建议开设一个博客。

解析

"who grew up on a ranch on the Central Coast of California" 前后由逗号隔开,补充说明先行词 "Vanessa" 的成长背景;关系词 "who" 指人,并在从句中作主语,谓语是 "grew up"。删去该从句后,主句 "my best friend Vanessa suggested starting a blog" 仍然完整,因此是非限制性定语从句。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR B2 23 词

The orchestra also continues to offer $25 annual memberships to Philadelphia students, who can buy rush tickets to every concert on the schedule.

该管弦乐团还继续向费城学生提供25美元的年度会员资格,这些学生可以购买日程表上每场音乐会的即时票。

解析

关系代词 "who" 引导非限制性定语从句,前有逗号与先行词 "Philadelphia students" 隔开。"who" 在从句中作主语,指代学生,从句补充说明学生享有的购票权利。从句主干为 "who can buy tickets","rush tickets" 作宾语,"to every concert" 和 "on the schedule" 为后置定语修饰 "concert"。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 22 词

Plus, the majority of student debt is held by graduate degree earners, who earn approximately 25 percent more than their undergraduate counterparts.

此外,大多数学生债务由研究生学位获得者持有,他们比本科毕业生大约多赚25%。

解析

非限制性定语从句,由逗号与先行词"graduate degree earners"隔开。关系代词"who"在从句中作主语,指代先行词。从句补充说明研究生学位持有者的收入情况。

OVERVIEW · 收录数据

英语六级who 引导从句收录数据

真题实例
728 处
英语六级历年真题全量标注
从句类型
2 类
逐类分布与例句
精选例句
48 句
按从句类型分组精选
出处试卷
28 套
历年真题卷

英语六级真题中 who 引导的从句的从句类型分布

  • who 引导的限制性定语从句 628
  • who 引导的非限制性定语从句 100

英语六级真题中 who 引导的从句共标注出 728 处实例,覆盖 2 类从句:who 引导的限制性定语从句 628 处、who 引导的非限制性定语从句 100 处。本页从中精选 48 句真题例句,出自 28 套真题卷,句长 12–50 词(平均 29 词),CEFR 等级构成为 C1 40 句、B2 6 句、C2 2 句。每句以高亮标出从句在原句中的位置,标注它在句中的功能与嵌套层级,附中文翻译、逐句解析、出处试卷与卷面位置,并可进入单句详情页查看结构树逐层拆解。

FAQ · 英语六级 · who

常见问题

关于 who 引导的从句在英语六级真题中的类型分布与判断方法,最常被问到的问题。

who 在英语六级真题里引导什么从句?出现了多少次?
按懒笔记对英语六级历年真题句子的结构拆解统计,who 引导的从句实例共 728 处:who 引导的限制性定语从句 628 处、who 引导的非限制性定语从句 100 处。
怎么判断 who 引导的是什么从句?
先行词是人、从句缺主语,用 who;若 who 前有逗号则是非限制性从句,阅读时可先跳过抓主干。
懒笔记的英语六级 who 真题例句是怎么挑选的?
懒笔记从 728 处英语六级真题实例中,优先选取句子完整、解析完备、综合推荐度高的句子,按从句类型分组共精选 48 句;每句以高亮标出从句位置,附中文翻译、结构解析与出处试卷内链。
英语六级 who 引导从句的真题例句有多长、难度是什么水平?
懒笔记精选的这 48 句英语六级 who 引导从句真题例句出自 28 套真题卷,句长 12–50 词,平均 29 词;CEFR 等级构成为 C1 40 句、B2 6 句、C2 2 句。最长的一句 50 词——这个长度的真题句通常主干后接两到三层修饰,先定位谓语动词找出主干、再逐层展开修饰,比从头顺读更快。
英语六级真题中 who 引导的从句可以下载 PDF 打印版吗?
可以,免费且无需注册。英语六级真题中 who 引导的从句精选的 48 个真题句子已排版为 A4 打印版 PDF,内容与网页版同源同数据,PDF 内的真题出处与站内链接均可点击,跳转到懒笔记对应页面。下载入口是英语六级真题中 who 引导的从句页顶部的「句子 PDF 下载」按钮。

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