2025年6月·第2套 英语六级听力真题原文与答案解析

Why does the man think it is difficult to make the decision?

男士应答里的转折 + 给因。这是男士对女士「今天得定」的直接应答，but it isn't an easy choice to make 用 but 转出「不好选」，紧接 Both applicants are quite strong 给出原因——两人都很强，正是「难选」的答案句。

• Both applicants are quite strong↔Both candidates are quite competitive近义改写 strong→competitive、applicants→candidates

• A)原词陷阱A 取自女士开场 we need to decide by the end of the day 的「by the end of the day」，但那是「期限」而非「难以抉择的原因」；问的是 Why difficult，时间紧不是男士给出的理由，属听到原词就想选的陷阱。

  借用原文：we need to decide by the end of the day

• B)张冠李戴「很想要这份工作」对应录音后面 she is very keen about the job，那是评价 Rachel 的，且只针对一人；本题问男士为何觉得难选，他给的因是「两人都强」，不是「都很想要」，B 张冠李戴又答非所问。

  借用原文：she is very keen about the job

• C)未提及录音里两人对「流程」并无分歧，finalize this whole procedure 只是说要走完流程，并没有说「对 procedure 持不同看法」；C 借 procedure 一词虚构了一个原文没有的分歧。

  借用原文：finalize this whole procedure

What do the speakers say may be worth noting?

明示标记 difference worth noting。男士直接说 The only difference worth noting，与题干 worth noting 字面对应，是教科书式的答案信号；其后 Rachel scored moderately stronger grades 加上 only a tiny bit higher than Peter 就是要抓的内容。

• Rachel scored moderately stronger grades throughout high school and university↔Rachel scored moderately higher grades than Peter at schoolstronger grades=higher grades，程度词原样保留
• only a tiny bit higher than Peter↔moderately higher grades than Petera tiny bit higher印证「略高」

• A)原词陷阱A 的 respectful and professional 直接取自女士评 Peter 的 He came across as respectful and professional，是真听到的原词；但那是夸 Peter 一人的面试表现，并非两人都如此，且不是被点为「worth noting」的那点，属原词陷阱。

  借用原文：He came across as respectful and professional

• C)与原文相反录音强调 only a tiny bit higher，仅是「略高」；C 的 excelled（出类拔萃）且说「两人都」学业杰出，把程度从「略」拔高到「极」、把范围从「Rachel 略胜」改成「两人皆优」，与原文程度相反。

  借用原文：only a tiny bit higher than Peter

• D)未提及录音通篇比的是成绩、面试表现、成熟度，从未提到 physically（体格）；D 把 stronger 偷换成「身体上更强」，是录音根本没说的维度。

According to the man, what might account for Peter appearing somewhat more self-assured than Rachel?

男士的归因句 Maybe it was…。这是男士亲口给出的归因——Peter seemed more self-assured somehow 之后紧跟 Maybe it was something about their body language，用 Maybe it was… 引出原因，正是 account for 所问的答案句。

• Maybe it was something about their body language↔His use of body languagebody language原词同指其运用

• B)原词陷阱B 的 experience 来自录音 practically no work experience，但原文说的是「两人几乎都没有工作经验」，恰恰不是经验造成差异；B 把「没有经验」偷成「经验的积累」，听到 experience 就选即落坑。

  借用原文：practically no work experience

• C)偷换概念录音说 Peter 显得 composed and in control of his emotions（沉着、控制情绪），是正面的镇定，并非 unusual state of mind（异常心态）；C 把镇定歪曲成「异常」，且不是男士给的归因，原文未提此因。

  借用原文：composed and in control of his emotions

• D)张冠李戴D 的 knowledge about the company 化用录音 asked some very good questions about the position and the company，但那是说 Rachel 问了好问题、显得很想要这份工作，针对的是 Rachel、回答的是「是否 keen」，与本题问 Peter 自信的归因无关。

  借用原文：asked some very good questions about the position and the company

What does the man say they will do if they can't reach an agreement?

条件句 If…then 的对策落点。男士用 If there's a tie, and we can't come to an agreement, then we'll take it to John 给出明确的 If…then 对策；句中专有人名 John 是强定位信号，then 后的动作即答案。

• take it to John and let him cast the deciding vote↔Let John make the final decisioncast the deciding vote=make the final decision

• A)原词陷阱A 的 compare side by side 取自男士早前的 When comparing them side by side，确是原词；但那是描述他们之前已做的对比，而非「谈不拢时的对策」，问的是 if can't agree 怎么办，A 时态与问点都不符。

  借用原文：When comparing them side by side

• B)偷换概念B 的 cast the deciding vote 正是录音原词 cast the deciding vote，极具迷惑；但录音里投决定票的是 John 一个人，B 却说交给 the board（董事会）投票，把「个人 John」偷换成「集体 board」。

  借用原文：take it to John and let him cast the deciding vote

• C)偷换概念C 的 break the tie 借用录音 If there's a tie 的 tie 一词，但录音对平局的对策是「这次就交给 John」，C 却说「找办法在下次打破平局」，把「当下交 John」偷改成「留待下次」，时点与做法都对不上。

  借用原文：If there's a tie, and we can't come to an agreement

What are the speakers mainly talking about?

开场引入语点题。记者开场白 to discuss her latest collection 直接交代了"今天来谈什么"，访谈类对话的中心话题几乎都由开场引入句给出，这就是答案句。

• to discuss her latest collection↔The woman's latest collection.her=the woman 指代对应

• A)原词陷阱录音确实念到品牌名 the private fashion label L'Orange，但它只是介绍设计师身份时的背景，全程没有围绕"这个品牌"展开，是听到原词就想选的原词陷阱。

  借用原文：the private fashion label L'Orange

• C)偷换概念记者后面问过 this season's look，C 借这个词把话题偷换成"本季新潮流"这种行业泛论；可对话谈的始终是"她个人的这一系列"，不是整个时尚界的趋势。

  借用原文：this season's look

• D)未提及录音用 head designer 介绍她的职位，D 借此说成"首席设计师的职责"；但全段没有一句在谈"这个职位要干什么"，是抓住头衔词的过度发挥。

  借用原文：head designer

What does the woman say she always tries to incorporate into her aesthetic?

I always try to 是直接应答。被问者女设计师用 I always try to incorporate something slightly absurd 直接讲出她总加入的东西，主语+always 的自述句正是题干所问，是答案句。

• something slightly absurd↔Something slightly absurd.近乎原句对应

• A)与原文相反录音里 I try not to adhere to social norms 是她要"避开"的东西，A 却说她要加入"反映社会规范"的东西，正好把否定听成了肯定。

  借用原文：I try not to adhere to social norms

• B)与原文相反原文 expectations 与 social norms 并列，都在 I try not to adhere to 的否定范围内；B 说她要做"符合公众期待"的东西，与她的本意相反。

  借用原文：social norms and expectations

• D)原词陷阱录音里 my preferred style has always been on the ambiguous side 说的是她整体风格偏"含糊"，D 借 ambiguous 这个原词来答"她加入了什么"，但题问的是 incorporate 进去的具体东西（absurd），答非所问。

  借用原文：my preferred style has always been on the ambiguous side

What does the woman say she likes to do?

I like to 直陈偏好。I like to merge styles that are often at opposite ends of the fashion spectrum 用 I like to 直接说出她的偏好，正中题干，是答案句。

• merge styles that are often at opposite ends of the fashion spectrum↔Merge styles often at opposite ends of the fashion spectrum.省略定语从句的同义压缩

• B)与原文相反录音里她去亚洲山村看了刺绣，但明说 Trying to recreate their designs would have been futile——照搬他们的设计是徒劳的，所以她没"学他们的设计"，B 把"放弃模仿"说反成"向他们学习"。

  借用原文：Trying to recreate their designs would have been futile

• C)张冠李戴majestic 和 masculine 是男主持人 masculine at the same time 给出的观感评价，C 盗用这两个原词，把"别人对作品的评价"伪装成"她喜欢做的事"，张冠李戴。

  借用原文：masculine at the same time

• D)原词陷阱I drew similar intricate patterns onto the velvet cape 是她做那件斗篷时的一次具体操作，D 把这个一次性细节冒充成她长期"喜欢做"的事，可题问的是她声明的偏好（merge styles），层级对不上。

  借用原文：I drew similar intricate patterns onto the velvet cape

What is the man looking forward to?

结尾 can't wait 表期待。男方在结尾说 we can't wait to see what creations you come up with next，can't wait to see 就是"期待"的强信号，是答案句。

• to see what creations you come up with next↔Seeing the woman's new creations.come up with next=new creations

• A)偷换概念录音 your underlying signature touch 里 signature 指她"标志性"的风格印记，A 却理解成"获取她的签名"，把一词多义的 signature 偷换了义项，且男方根本没说要签名。

  借用原文：your underlying signature touch

• C)原词陷阱the incorporation of indigenous aspects 是男方对本季作品已完成之处的称赞，描述的是过去做成的事；C 盗用 indigenous 这个原词，把"已经做到"说成"他期待去做"，时间和主体都错位。

  借用原文：the incorporation of indigenous aspects

• D)未提及录音结尾的 next 是接在 what creations you come up with next（下次的作品）上的，D 借这个"下次"感造出"下次多分享想法"，可对话从没提"再聊/分享想法"，是无中生有。

What does the passage say about 80% of participating dogs in the new study?

数字 80% 即定位锚点。录音念到 80% of participating dogs 这个数字就是定位信号，紧跟其后的 successfully followed pointing gestures to a specific location despite having never received prior training 即承载答案的那句，听到数字就该锁定后半句。

• followed pointing gestures↔follow pointing gestures近乎原词的同动作对应
• despite having never received prior training↔without training让步从句压缩成介词短语

• A)原词陷阱A readily recognize their owner simply by looking 借了录音第 1 段开头 readily understand 里的 readily 一词，但录音说的是'轻易理解命令手势'，从未说'看一眼就认出主人'，是把听到的熟词嫁接到没说过的事上。

  借用原文：readily understand a wide range of their owners' commands and gestures

• B)偷换概念B understand the implications of human commands 用了录音里的 commands，但 80% 那句讲的是'跟随手势找到地点'，并非'理解命令的言外之意（implications）'；implications 一词录音另有出处（讲研究意义），被挪来制造混淆。

  借用原文：This could have implications in reducing conflict

• C)张冠李戴C domesticated to act as our companions 的 domesticated、companions 都出自录音第 2 段讲'家养狗被驯化成伴侣'，但第 9 题问的是新研究里的 80% 流浪狗，C 把'家养狗'的事安到了'实验流浪狗'头上。

  借用原文：they could function as companions and workers

What may help alleviate the problem caused by stray dogs?

help alleviate 即办法落点。录音第 3 段 may help alleviate this problem 与题干 alleviate the problem 完全呼应，这句的主语 Understanding how humans shape stray dogs' behavior 就是'有助于缓解'的那件事，help 一出现即落点。

• Understanding how humans shape stray dogs' behavior↔Understanding how humans impact their behavior同义动词替换 shape=impact

• A)原词陷阱A Cultivating them to be intelligent creatures 借了录音 stray dogs are intelligent creatures 里的 intelligent creatures，但原文是'流浪狗本就是聪明的生物'，并没说'培养它们变聪明'能缓解问题，盗原词却扭了意思。

  借用原文：stray dogs are intelligent creatures

• B)与原文相反B Training them to behave like domesticated dogs 拼了录音的 training、domesticated，但全文恰恰强调流浪狗'未经训练'也能懂人、应'给空间善待'，'训练成家养狗'与文章主张方向相反。

  借用原文：dogs that are highly responsive to human commands and gestures

• D)未提及D Taking measures to reduce their numbers（采取措施减少其数量）录音全篇未提'减少流浪狗数量'，是凭'流浪狗是问题'想当然推出的极端办法，原文谈的是'理解与善待'而非清除。

What do the researchers suggest we do to reduce conflicts between stray dogs and humans?

researchers assert 即建议落点。录音末句 the researchers assert, can reduce much conflict 里 the researchers assert（研究者断言）正是建议信号，与题干 suggest 对应；其前的 Treating stray dogs with sensitivity and respect 就是被建议的做法。

• Treating stray dogs with sensitivity and respect↔Treat them with sensitivity and respect动名词转祈使、近乎原词

• A)与原文相反A Tame them through repeated training 借了全文反复出现的 training，但研究者主张'善待、给空间'，且全文强调流浪狗'未经训练也能懂人'，'反复训练驯服'与建议方向相反。

  借用原文：such dogs have never been trained

• C)张冠李戴C Make them responsive to our commands 用了录音第 2 段 highly responsive to human commands，但那是描述'家养狗被驯化后的结果'，并非研究者对'如何减少流浪狗冲突'的建议，对象与语境都错位。

  借用原文：highly responsive to human commands and gestures

• D)偷换概念D Watch their behavior and try to improve it 蹭了录音 They closely observe humans 的 observe/behavior，但原文是说'狗观察人'，且研究者建议是'善待给空间'，并非'人观察狗的行为并改进它'，主客颠倒且非建议内容。

  借用原文：They closely observe humans and use their understanding of us

Why is food product placement within the fridge very important?

Because of this 因果回指。Because of this 是答案信号：this 回指前一句讲的温度处处不同，紧接着说正因如此摆放才重要，所以前一句 The temperature inside the average fridge actually varies 就是位置重要的原因。

• The temperature inside the average fridge actually varies from front to back, bottom to top and everywhere in between↔The temperature inside it varies from place to place.处处不同概括为因地而异

• B)未提及Proper placement facilitates access to food products. 说摆放是为了方便取放，但录音解释的原因只有温度因位置而异，全程没提取放是否方便，属于录音未提及的角度。
• C)原词陷阱Its different shelves are designed for different purposes. 听起来很对，但它说的是层架被设计成不同用途，而录音第一段给的原因是温度因位置而异；它借后文反复出现的 shelf 字眼制造听到就想选的诱惑，却答非所问。

  借用原文：The middle shelf is the most temperature-controlled part of the fridge

• D)偷换概念The space in an average fridge changes from top to bottom. 几乎照搬录音句式，却把变化的主语从温度换成了空间 space；录音说的是 The temperature inside the average fridge actually varies，变的是温度不是空间，属偷换核心概念。

  借用原文：The temperature inside the average fridge actually varies from front to back, bottom to top and everywhere in between

What does the passage say is the whole purpose of the modern refrigerator?

purpose is to 直接点明。The whole purpose of the modern refrigerator is to slow the growth of bacteria 用 purpose is to 把目的直接说出，是最强的答案信号，听到 purpose 就该锁定其后的 to do 内容。

• to slow the growth of bacteria↔To prevent germs from growing quickly.bacteria=germs，slow growth=prevent growing quickly

• A)原词陷阱To slow the rising of temperature in it. 借用了录音里反复出现的 temperature 字眼，把目的说成减缓升温；但录音明说目的是 to slow the growth of bacteria，减缓的是细菌生长不是温度上升，盗词却答错对象。

  借用原文：to slow the growth of bacteria

• B)与原文相反To provide a big box of evenly cold air. 几乎照搬录音开头 one big box of evenly cold air，但那是录音先抛出又立刻否定（Not so）的错误印象，并非冰箱目的，盗用否定前的说法。

  借用原文：Think your refrigerator is just one big box of evenly cold air? Not so!

• D)未提及To keep the food cold as long as possible. 是凭常识容易选的诱饵，听起来冰箱不就是保冷吗；但录音点明的目的是抑制细菌生长，没说根本目的是尽量久保冷，属未提及的常识陷阱。

Where in the fridge should we store foods already cooked?

对象+位置直接配对。Store foods that are ready to eat or already cooked on the top shelf 把对象 already cooked 与位置 the top shelf 直接配在一句里，信号就是题干所问食物原词出现处，紧跟其后的就是位置。

• on the top shelf↔On the top shelf.位置词原样对应

• B)原词陷阱In the middle section. 盗用录音里真实出现的 middle shelf，但录音说中层最恒温、用来放 eggs，不是放熟食；听到 middle 就选会答非所问。

  借用原文：The middle shelf is the most temperature-controlled part of the fridge, so place eggs here.

• C)原词陷阱On the inside of its doors. 盗用录音的 inside of refrigerator doors，但录音说门内温度不稳、要避免放易腐食物，并未指派熟食，张冠李戴。

  借用原文：Those little bins on the inside of refrigerator doors...refrain from putting perishable foods in there.

• D)原词陷阱At the back of its bottom shelf. 盗用录音真实位置 back of the bottom shelf，但录音说那里最冷、用来放 perishable dairy products，不是熟食，盗位置却对错食物。

  借用原文：The back of the bottom shelf is the coldest spot in the fridge, so store perishable dairy products here

Why should we never store foods with high water content at the back of the bottom shelf?

because 引出后果。because the water within them can and will freeze, effectively ruining them 由 because 引出禁止的原因，effectively ruining them 是落点后果，because 后到句末就是答案句。

• effectively ruining them↔They will be ruined.ruining 主动转被动

• A)原词陷阱They will be extra-chilly. 借用录音前文出现的 extra-chilly 字眼，但那词是讲顶层不必放需要极冷的食物，与底层含水食物被毁无关；底层后果是结冰损坏不是单纯变冷。

  借用原文：save it for the foods that don't need extra-chilly temperatures

• B)过度推断They will be hard to defrost. 顺着结冰往下想出难以解冻，但录音只说结冰把食物毁了，没提解冻难易，属在结冰基础上多推一步。
• C)未提及They will be contaminated. 说会被污染，但录音讲的后果是结冰损坏，全程没提污染，属录音未涉及的角度。

What does the speaker say is quite common among older people?

which is a common event 直接点"常见"。答案句里 which is a common event（这是一种常见的情况）紧跟在 hip fracture in older people 之后，which 指代的正是 hip fracture，这个"常见"信号词把答案锁死在髋部骨折上。

• hip fracture in older people, which is a common event↔Hip fracture.原词直接对应＋common 坐实

• A)原词陷阱录音确实念到 depression，A 的 Chronic depression. 借此勾人，但原文说的是"骨折后常发展出抑郁"，抑郁是骨折带来的结果，且并未被 common 修饰，也没说是"chronic（慢性）"，答非所问。

  借用原文：these are the people that then go on to become feeble a lot more quickly

• B)原词陷阱录音说 become feeble a lot more quickly，B 的 Growing feebleness. 取了这个 feeble，但原文讲的是骨折＋抑郁导致"更快变虚弱"这一恶化进程，并非在说"老年人中常见的是虚弱"，对不上题干的"常见"。

  借用原文：become feeble a lot more quickly than others

• D)原词陷阱录音说 They get infections. Often these infections lead to death.，D 的 Fatal infections. 拼合了 infections 和"致命"，但原文 often 修饰的是"感染导致死亡"这一后续后果，处于"骨折→抑郁→虚弱→感染→死亡"链条末端，不是题干问的"常见之事"本身。

  借用原文：Often these infections lead to death.

What does the speaker think excites her most about her research?

excites me most 直接领出答案。答案句 the thing that excites me most about my research is that it feels real and relevant 里 excites me most 与题干 excites her most 是同一表态信号，is that 后面那句就是她给出的理由，定位精准。

• it feels real and relevant↔It feels real and relevant.几乎原句搬入选项

• B)原词陷阱录音确有 from the perspective of the psychologist，B 的 It contributes to psychology. 借 psychology 勾人，但原文是说"不再只从心理学家的单一视角看"，恰恰在强调超越心理学，而非"为心理学做贡献"，意思反向。

  借用原文：rather than looking at aging and health just from the perspective of the psychologist

• C)过度推断录音说 Lots of academics are probably very excited about their research, but it might not be that relevant，C 的 It outcompetes lots of academics' research. 借 academics 勾人，但原文只是用别的学者作对比来突出"自己的研究更切身相关"，从未说"胜过／outcompete"别人，属过度拔高。

  借用原文：Lots of academics are probably very excited about their research, but it might not be that relevant to those around them

• D)原词陷阱Birmingham 是录音里反复出现的地名（见 The impact that my research will have in Birmingham），D 的 It wins recognition outside of Birmingham. 借它勾人，但录音从没说研究"在伯明翰之外赢得认可"，只说这是"全球性问题"，把"问题是全球的"偷换成"研究在外地获认可"。

  借用原文：But this isn't just a problem in Birmingham or even in the UK. This is a problem globally.

How does the speaker approach her research project?

rather than… we are now bringing together 对比转折。答案句用 rather than just taking one perspective 先否定"单一视角"，再以 we are now bringing together a lot of different techniques and a lot of different viewpoints 给出真正做法，"不是A而是B"的对比让 B 半句成为答案落点。

• a lot of different techniques and a lot of different viewpoints↔By combining multiple perspectives.different viewpoints＝multiple perspectives 同义改写
• bringing together↔combiningbring together＝combine 同义动词

• A)原词陷阱录音确有 bringing together，A 的 By bringing together experts old and young. 借此勾人，但原文汇集的是 different techniques and viewpoints（技术与观点），不是"老少专家"，old and young 是套用别处的 older／young 之类印象，张冠李戴。

  借用原文：we are now bringing together a lot of different techniques and a lot of different viewpoints

• B)过度推断录音说 a lot of different techniques（多种不同的技术手段），B 的 By counting on advanced modern technology. 借 techniques 勾人，但原文只说"多种技术手段"，从没说"依赖先进的现代科技"，advanced modern 是凭空添加的拔高。

  借用原文：bringing together a lot of different techniques

• C)与原文相反By making full use of her expertise. 即"充分用她自己（心理学家）的专长"，这正是录音用 rather than… just from the perspective of the psychologist 明确否定的单一视角做法，选项取了被否定的那一半，与原文意思相反。

  借用原文：rather than looking at aging and health just from the perspective of the psychologist

What does the speaker say about most colleges and graduate schools in America?

原因状语 because 引出的因果句。答案句由 partly because most colleges and graduate schools don't teach basic organization 这个 because 因果结构托出，讲者在解释“市场为何巨大”时正面说出了学校“不教什么”，这种交代原因的从句往往就是细节答案所在。

• most colleges and graduate schools don't teach basic organization↔They don't teach basic organization.把主语换成代词，其余几乎照搬

• B)原词陷阱选项 They don't focus on teaching techniques. 借了录音开头 recipes and techniques 里的 techniques 制造熟耳感，但讲者从没说学校“不重视教技巧”，学校被说成不教的是 organization，不是 techniques，属听到原词就想选的陷阱。

  借用原文：recipes and techniques

• C)原词陷阱选项 They attach little importance to recipes. 取了开头 recipes and techniques 的 recipes，但录音并未说学校“不重视食谱”，更没把 recipes 和大学挂钩，是借原词编出的无中生有。

  借用原文：recipes and techniques

• D)未提及选项 They hire very few distinguished chefs. 用了贯穿全篇的 chefs 蹭话题，但录音通篇没提“学校聘用名厨多少”，hire very few distinguished chefs 完全是没听到的内容。

  借用原文：celebrity chefs

How do students of the culinary institute of America view "mise-en-place" or "put in place"?

被点名群体后紧跟的“view it as…”态度句。讲者点出 Students at the culinary institute of America 这一群体后，紧接 view it as a way of life 直接给出他们的看法，这种“某群人 + view/see it as……”的句子就是态度题的标准答案落点。

• view it as a way of life↔It's a way of life to them.view it as A 改写成 It's A to them

• A)偷换概念选项 It's unique to celebrity chefs. 借了开头 celebrity chefs 的熟词，但录音说把它当生活方式的是学生，不是名厨独有；unique（独有）这个范围限定录音根本没说，属偷换概念加原词诱选。

  借用原文：celebrity chefs

• B)答非所问选项 It's a way of transformation. 取自录音 transforms the lives of its practitioners 的 transform，听起来很耳熟，但那句是讲者总述 mise-en-place 的功效，不是“学生怎么看它”的答案；题问的是学生的 view，答案句明确是 a way of life。

  借用原文：transforms the lives of its practitioners

• C)过度推断选项 It's too demanding for them. 利用 focus and self-discipline 让人联想“很苛刻”，但录音从未说学生觉得它“太苛刻”，反而把它当生活方式正面接纳，too demanding 是凭印象的过度推断。

  借用原文：focus and self-discipline

What does the speaker advise us to do at the end of the talk?

结尾的祈使劝告句“Use them wisely”。整段在罗列 time is precious, resources are precious 之后，以祈使句 Use them wisely. 收束，这句独立成句的劝告正是讲者在结尾给出的建议，是答案的落点。

• time is precious, resources are precious↔Use time and resources in a wise way.把要珍惜的对象同义搬进祈使句
• Use them wisely.↔in a wise waywisely 改写成 in a wise way

• A)原词陷阱选项 Respect others so as to be respected. 借了 your self-respect and the respect of others are precious 里的 respect，但录音只把“尊重”列为“宝贵之物”之一，最后的劝告是 Use them wisely（明智使用），并非“尊重别人以换取被尊重”，且 so as to be respected 是录音没有的因果，属原词陷阱加过度推断。

  借用原文：your self-respect and the respect of others are precious

• C)原词陷阱选项 Cultivate a habit of self-discipline. 取自第四段 focus and self-discipline 的 self-discipline，这是前文描述 mise-en-place 作用时的词，不是结尾劝告；题问 at the end，结尾讲者劝的是明智使用时间资源，不是培养自律。

  借用原文：focus and self-discipline

• D)偷换概念选项 Learn from philosophers earnestly. 利用结尾 Isn't that a philosophy for our time? 的 philosophy 设套，但那只是反问“这难道不是我们时代的一种哲理吗”，并非叫人“认真向哲学家学习”，philosophers 与 learn from 都是录音没有的捏造。

  借用原文：Isn't that a philosophy for our time?

What should self-acceptance be used as according to the speaker?

转折 whilst + 定性结构 used as。答案句先用让步 whilst self-acceptance is imperative（尽管自我接纳重要）退一步，再用 it should actually be used as the basis for growth 给出真正主张，actually 加重了转折后的落点，正是这句对 self-acceptance 做了定性。

• used as the basis for growth↔The basis for self-improvement.growth = self-improvement 同义替换

• A)未提及The motive for hard work. 把 self-acceptance 说成『努力工作的动机』，原文只讲它是成长的基础，从未提 hard work，也未提 motive，属无中生有。
• B)原词陷阱The reason for stagnation. 借用了原文 we tend to stagnate 的同根词 stagnation 制造耳熟，但原文说『不成长才会停滞』，stagnation 是不接纳成长的后果，绝非 self-acceptance 被用作的角色，属听到原词就想选的陷阱。

  借用原文：we tend to stagnate

• D)偷换概念The justification for self-confidence. 利用 self- 前缀与 C 的 self-improvement 混淆，但原文落点是 growth/improvement，不是 self-confidence，且 justification（理由）也非原文的 basis，属偷换概念。

  借用原文：the basis for growth

What do people tend to do when they have reached midlife?

转折 Yet + midlife 时间锚 + 重复 stop。Yet as is so often the case, by the time we've reached midlife 用 Yet 转折并点出时间锚 midlife，随后 we've stopped dreaming 与 We stop imagining the life we'd like to have 两次出现 stop，反复强调的负向行为正是答案落点。

• We stop imagining the life we'd like to have or the person we'd like to be↔Stop imagining further progress in life.stop imagining 原词 + 概括化
• we've stopped dreaming about what we want to achieve↔Stop imagining further progress in life.stop dreaming = stop imagining progress

• A)与原文相反Feel confidence, happiness and satisfaction. 三个词全部来自原文 Instead of feeling confidence, happiness and satisfaction from achieving our goals，但原文前面是 Instead of（而不是），意思恰恰是人们没有这些感受，选项却取了被否定的内容，是典型听到原词就选的陷阱。

  借用原文：Instead of feeling confidence, happiness and satisfaction from achieving our goals

• B)与原文相反Believe they have achieved their life goals. 说人们相信已达成人生目标，而原文说中年时人们 feel we are always falling short（总觉得没达到），方向完全相反，属无中生有又反向。

  借用原文：we feel we are always falling short

• C)张冠李戴Use a key tool for setting ambitious goals. 里 a key tool 来自第 2 段开头 A key tool for creating goals and progressing, is using our imagination，但那是作者讲『工具是什么』，并非说中年人会去用它；原文恰恰说中年时人们停止了想象，选项张冠李戴。

  借用原文：A key tool for creating goals and progressing, is using our imagination

Why do we find ourselves irritated for not achieving the goal?

因果结构 The problem with … is because。The problem with finding ourselves irritated for not achieving the goal is because the goal always changes 用 The problem … is because 直接给出原因，because 后的 the goal always changes and we're always adapting 就是答案句核心。

• the goal always changes and we're always adapting↔We have to adapt to the ever-changing goal.always changes + always adapting → ever-changing + adapt

• A)偷换概念We feel we are always falling behind others. 借了原文反复出现的 always 与 falling 的语感（如 we feel we are always falling short），但加了 others（落后于他人）。原文讲的是和自己的目标比、和来路比，从未说和别人比，others 是凭空添加。

  借用原文：we feel we are always falling short

• C)原词陷阱There are various misconceptions about goal setting. 搬用了原文 herein lies one of the biggest misconceptions 的 misconceptions，听着耳熟，但题目问的是『恼火的原因』，原因是 the goal always changes，而非泛泛地说『存在各种误解』，属听到原词就选的陷阱。

  借用原文：herein lies one of the biggest misconceptions

• D)偷换概念There are always problems with the goal originally set. 借了原文 The problem with… 的 problem 一词，但原文说的是『恼火这件事的问题在于目标在变』，不是说『当初设的目标本身有毛病』，把问题归错了对象。

  借用原文：The problem with finding ourselves irritated for not achieving the goal

What does the speaker say has an immediate positive impact on our thinking?

正面评价 profound/positive impact 指向 measuring where we've come from。has an immediate, positive impact on our thinking 这句的『它』回指前文反复强调的 In measuring where we've come from, rather than where we're trying to get to，作者用 profound、positive impact 正面定性的正是这种衡量来路的做法。

• measuring where we've come from, rather than where we're trying to get to↔Measuring where we've come from instead of measuring against the goal.rather than = instead of，goal = where we're trying to get to

• A)未提及A noticeable change in the number of goals to achieve. 说『要达成的目标数量发生明显变化』，原文谈的是衡量基准的转变（量来路 vs 量目标），从未提目标的数量变化，属未提及。
• B)与原文相反Measuring always against the gap rather than the gain. 搬用了原文术语 We measure always against the goal 与 gap/gain，但作者批评的恰恰是『总对着 gap/goal 量』、推崇的是量 gain（来路）。选项说『量 gap 而非 gain』正好取了被否定的一面，与原文相反。

  借用原文：We measure always against the goal

• D)偷换概念A proper conception of what we fail to notice in trying to achieve our goals. 借了原文 things we've taken for granted, or not noticed 的 not noticed，拼成『对我们没注意到之物的正确认知』，但原文说有即时正面影响的是『衡量来路这一做法』本身，不是某种 conception，属偷换概念/过度拼凑。

  借用原文：things we've taken for granted, or not noticed