英语六级 · Attributive Clauses

英语六级定语从句真题例句

定语从句跟在名词(先行词)后面对其修饰限定,分限制性与非限制性两类:前者是认定先行词身份的必要信息,后者用逗号隔开、只作补充说明。它是真题里出现频率最高的从句类型之一,也是阅读断句的第一道坎。

英语六级真题里的定语从句共 3867 处实例,本页按 2 个子类型分节,精选 50 句真题例句(出自 24 套真题卷,句长 13–129 词)。 每节先给该子类型的实例计数与常见引导词分布,再逐句给出例句:高亮定语从句在原句中的位置,标注引导词、嵌套父与所在层级,附中文翻译、逐句解析与出处试卷; 点句卡末尾的「本句详情」可看结构树逐层拆解、成分与时态标注、考点讲解与真题高频词。

识别要点 看名词后的 that / which / who / whose / where / when:有逗号是非限制性(可先整段跳过抓主干),无逗号是限制性;再判断引导词在从句内充当的成分,翻译时据此决定前置还是拆句。

本页精选的 50 句真题例句已由懒笔记排版为 A4 打印版 PDF,可免费下载,PDF 内的真题出处链接均可点击。

01 · 定语从句

限制性定语从句(英语六级真题 3269 处,精选 25 句)

常见引导词: that 1336 · 零引导 903 · who 628 · which 201 · where 115 · when 34 · whose 20 · whom 14

引导词·零引导 引导词功能·宾语 嵌套父·其他成分 深度·第 3 层 CEFR B2 23 词

The first thing a typical traveller possibly does after arriving at a city is search for information online about its popular tourist attractions.

一般旅行者抵达一座城市后,可能做的第一件事就是上网查找有关当地热门旅游景点的信息。

解析

该分句紧跟先行词"thing"并限定其所指。关系代词被省略,可补为"that";补出的关系代词在"does"后充当宾语,因此从句内部存在宾语缺口,属于限制性定语从句。

引导词·零引导 引导词功能·介词宾语 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR B2 24 词

Because of that, there's no perfect formula that works for everyone, but there are still a few things everyone can try to shoot for.

正因为如此,并不存在适用于所有人的完美方法,但每个人仍然可以尝试朝着几个目标努力。

解析

该从句修饰并限定先行词 "things"。关系词被省略,完整意义相当于 "things that everyone can try to shoot for";省略的关系词在 "shoot for" 中充当介词 "for" 的宾语。

引导词·where 引导词功能·状语 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 3 层 CEFR C1 48 词

"The rent control policy has failed everywhere it has been enacted in this county. It has not fixed one housing problem anywhere. It also does not distinguish between rich and poor when determining who gets the benefits of rent control," said Chester Baldwin with the Rental Housing Coalition.

“在本县所有实施租金管制政策的地方,该政策都以失败告终。它没有解决任何地方的任何住房问题。在确定谁能从租金管制中受益时,它也不区分贫富。”租赁住房联盟的切斯特·鲍德温说道。

解析

"everywhere"是融合型关系副词,兼具先行词和关系副词功能,约等于"every place where"。后面的"it has been enacted in this county"是完整的限制性定语从句,用来限定政策实施的地点范围,而不是由普通地点状语从句说明主句动作发生地点。

引导词·that 引导词功能·状语 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 29 词

Reflect on times that you had initial difficulty resisting temptation, getting started on something, or sticking with it, but pushed ahead and accomplished the task or met the goal.

回想一下那些时刻:起初你难以抵制诱惑、难以开始做某件事,或难以坚持下去,但最终你还是迎难而上,完成了任务或实现了目标。

解析

该从句紧跟先行词 "times",限定所回想的是哪些时候,可理解为 "times when/at which you..."。关系词 "that" 在从句中表示“在那些时候”,发挥时间状语作用;从句内部以主语 "you" 统领由 "but" 连接的两组谓语:先是 "had initial difficulty...",随后是 "pushed ahead and accomplished... or met..."。

引导词·零引导 引导词功能·状语 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 19 词

According to experts, the age a person learns to manage finance responsibly determines the way they handle money thereafter.

专家认为,一个人何时学会负责任地管理财务,决定了他此后处理金钱的方式。

解析

该分句修饰先行词"the age",说明具体是哪一个年龄。其完整形式可补为"the age at which a person learns to manage finance responsibly";省略的是介词加关系副词短语"at which",但在题定枚举中只能以"零引导"表示该零形式关系结构。

引导词·零引导 引导词功能·宾语 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 33 词

But these challenges can often provide an opportunity for nomads to see a side of a city they may not have if they were staying in a luxury hotel for a long weekend.

不过,这些挑战往往也能让数字游民有机会看到城市的另一面——如果他们只是住在豪华酒店里度过一个长周末,或许就不会有这样的体验。

解析

该分句修饰并限定先行词 "a side of a city",关系词在从句中作动词 "have" 后所省略的宾语。原句中的 "may not have" 是情态动词加完成式助动词,过去分词 "seen" 也被省略,可理解为 "a side of a city (that) they may not have seen"。该定语从句的边界为 "they may not have";后面的 if 条件从句不属于定语从句本层,而是嵌套在省略的 "have seen" 结构中的条件状语从句。

引导词·零引导 引导词功能·宾语 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 31 词

For example, in Romania, the average amount of personal space people said they would prefer from a stranger was more than 4 feet, whereas in Argentina it was roughly half that.

例如,在罗马尼亚,人们表示自己希望与陌生人保持的个人空间平均超过 4 英尺,而在阿根廷,这一距离大约只有一半。

解析

该从句紧跟"personal space",限定具体是哪一种个人空间。关系词被省略,原本可理解为"personal space that people said they would prefer from a stranger";省略的关系词在"prefer"后充当宾语。

引导词·零引导 引导词功能·宾语 嵌套父·限制性定语从句 深度·第 3 层 CEFR C1 20 词

I've had many moments where I sit and think about all the things I wish I could have done differently.

我有过很多时刻,在那些时刻我坐着思考所有我希望我本可以做得不同的事情。

解析

这是修饰先行词 "things" 的限制性定语从句,关系代词 that/which 作宾语被省略(零引导)。完整形式为 "all the things (that) I wish I could have done differently",其中关系词在深层作 "done" 的宾语。

引导词·零引导 引导词功能·宾语 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 26 词

It's a simple, yet profound change in perception, and what I love about it is the power it has to instantly shift us up a gear.

这是一种简单却深刻的观念转变,并且我喜欢它的一点是它拥有的能立即让我们提升一个档次的力量。

解析

这是限制性定语从句,修饰先行词"the power",关系代词that/which作"has"的宾语被省略(零引导)。完整形式为"the power (that/which) it has",从句内部"it"指代前文的"change in perception"。

引导词·零引导 引导词功能·其他 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C2 58 词

On top of all this, there is no hard evidence such a deed ever existed, despite the fact that deed records in Athens go back many decades before Jackson's death in 1876 and that it was supposed to have existed in 1890 in the archives according to the original anonymous news reporter who claims to have seen it.

除此之外,没有确凿证据表明这样的契约曾经存在过,尽管事实上雅典的契约记录可以追溯到1876年杰克逊去世前的几十年,并且根据声称见过该契约的最初匿名新闻记者的说法,它本应在1890年存在于档案中。

解析

限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 "such a deed"。关系代词 that 被省略(零引导),因为它在从句中作主语时通常不省略,但此处 "such a deed" 与 "ever existed" 的紧密衔接表明这是省略了关系代词作主语的特殊用法,或者理解为 "evidence that such a deed ever existed" 整体构成同位语关系。经仔细分析,此处 "such a deed ever existed" 应理解为对 "evidence" 的内容说明,即同位语从句,省略了引导词 that。

引导词·which 引导词功能·介词宾语 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 3 层 CEFR B2 129 词

"The fire at Notre Dame reminds us that we will always have challenges to overcome," Macron said, "Notre Dame is our history, our literature, the centre of our life. It is the standard by which we measure our distances. It's so many books, so many paintings. It's the cathedral of every French person, even those who have never visited it. This history is ours and so we will rebuild Notre Dame. It is what the French people expect; it is what our history deserves. It is our deep destiny. We will rebuild Notre Dame so it is even more beautiful than before. I want it done in the next five years. We can do it. After the time of testing comes a time of reflection and then of action."

“巴黎圣母院的火灾提醒我们,我们总会有需要克服的挑战,”马克龙说,“巴黎圣母院是我们的历史,我们的文学,我们生活的中心。它是我们衡量距离的标准。它是如此多的书籍,如此多的画作。它是每个法国人的大教堂,即使是那些从未参观过它的人。这段历史是我们的,所以我们将重建巴黎圣母院。这是法国人民所期望的;这是我们的历史所应得的。这是我们深刻的命运。我们将重建巴黎圣母院,使其比以前更美丽。我希望在未来五年内完成。我们能做到。考验之后是反思,然后是行动。”

解析

修饰 standard,which 在从句中作介词 by 的宾语,表示"通过这个标准"。

引导词·that 引导词功能·主语 嵌套父·非限制性定语从句 深度·第 3 层 CEFR C1 37 词

Hale wasn't just a writer, she was also a fierce social advocate, and she was particularly obsessed with an ideal New England, which she associated with abundant Thanksgiving meals that she claimed had "a deep moral influence."

黑尔不仅仅是一位作家,她还是一位激进的社会倡导者,而且她尤其痴迷于一个理想中的新英格兰地区,她将其与丰盛的感恩节晚餐联系在一起,她声称这些晚餐具有“深远的道德影响”。

解析

限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 "abundant Thanksgiving meals","that" 在从句中作主语。从句内部包含宾语从句 "she claimed (that) ... had 'a deep moral influence'",其中引导词 "that" 被省略。

引导词·零引导 引导词功能·主语 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 25 词

It's a product he believes could help solve future global food crises resulting from shrinking amounts of land available for growing meat the old-fashioned way.

这是一种他认为有助于解决未来全球粮食危机的产品,这种危机源于以传统方式养殖肉类可用的土地数量不断减少。

解析

该从句修饰先行词 "a product",关系代词(that/which)在从句中充当主语但被省略。从句主干为 "(that/which) could help solve future global food crises","he believes" 是插入语,不属于定语从句结构本身。

引导词·that 引导词功能·宾语 嵌套父·其他成分 深度·第 4 层 CEFR C1 45 词

The Target and Neiman hacks have also changed the cost calculation: although retailers have been reluctant to spend the $6.75 billion that Capgemini consultants estimate it will take to convert all their registers to be chip-and-PIN-compatible, the potential liability they now face is dramatically greater.

塔吉特和内曼的黑客攻击也改变了成本计算:尽管零售商一直不愿意花费凯捷咨询公司估计的将所有收银机转换为芯片和个人识别码兼容所需的67.5亿美元,但他们现在面临的潜在责任要大得多。

解析

该从句紧跟先行词 "the $6.75 billion",限定说明是哪一笔金额。关系词 "that" 在深层结构中对应 "it will take" 的花费金额,即作宾语性质的成分,因此属于限制性定语从句。

引导词·零引导 引导词功能·宾语 嵌套父·宾语从句 深度·第 4 层 CEFR C1 26 词

She says many people she knows assume she travels for work, but in reality her international destinations are largely up to her, and driven by cost.

她说,她认识的许多人都以为她是因工作需要而出行,但实际上,她的国际旅行目的地大多由她自己决定,主要取决于费用。

解析

该分句限制性修饰先行词“many people”,完整形式可理解为“many people (whom/that) she knows”。关系词在从句中作“knows”的宾语,因此可以省略,形成零引导定语从句。

引导词·零引导 引导词功能·宾语 嵌套父·其他成分 深度·第 3 层 CEFR B2 13 词

W: One mistake people make is to limit communication only to their bosses.

人们常犯的一个错误,是把沟通对象局限在自己的上司。

解析

这是限制性定语从句,修饰先行词"mistake"。关系词被省略,"people"是从句主语,"make"后缺少宾语,省略的关系词在从句中充当"make"的宾语;可还原为"the mistake that people make"。

引导词·that 引导词功能·介词宾语 嵌套父·其他成分 深度·第 4 层 CEFR B2 20 词

In this way, we can both discuss the part of the project that we devoted most of our time to.

这样,我们就可以一起讨论项目中投入时间最多的部分。

解析

该从句紧跟先行词 "the part",没有逗号,限定具体是哪一部分。关系词 "that" 是介词 "to" 的宾语,介词被保留在从句末尾;从句内部的主语是 "we",谓语是 "devoted",宾语是 "most of our time"。

引导词·that 引导词功能·主语 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 26 词

For years, research in psychology pointed to self-control as a resource that is depleted with use and needs to be restored through breaks, rest, or sleep.

多年来,心理学研究一直认为,自控力是一种会因使用而逐渐消耗、需要通过休息、放松或睡眠来恢复的资源。

解析

该从句紧跟先行词“resource”,没有逗号,用来限定说明是哪一种资源。关系词“that”在从句中作主语,后面接并列谓语“is depleted”和“needs to be restored”。

引导词·零引导 引导词功能·宾语 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR B2 23 词

If you have 14 days of paid leave, that's almost three separate 8-day vacations you can use to split your year into thirds.

如果你有 14 天带薪休假,几乎可以安排成三个为期 8 天的假期,把一年分成三个阶段。

解析

该分句位于名词 "vacations" 之后,实际可还原为 "vacations (that) you can use to split your year into thirds"。关系词省略,并在从句中充当 "use" 的宾语;该从句限定是哪一些假期,因此是限制性定语从句。

引导词·that 引导词功能·主语 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 21 词

This resulted in a plan that aimed to curb practices that shielded a large chunk of corporate profits from tax authorities.

由此制定了一项计划,旨在遏制那些使企业利润中相当大一部分得以逃避税务机关监管的做法。

解析

该限制性定语从句紧跟名词"plan",限定是哪一个计划。关系词"that"在从句中作主语,谓语为"aimed";从句内部还嵌套了一个修饰"practices"的限制性定语从句。

引导词·where 引导词功能·状语 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 19 词

Parents have a small window where they can influence their 8- to 10-year-old children's music taste, researchers have concluded.

研究人员得出结论:父母只有在孩子8至10岁时,才有一个短暂的机会影响他们的音乐品味。

解析

该从句紧跟名词“window”,用关系副词“where”说明这个时间窗口是父母可以影响孩子音乐品味的窗口。它没有逗号,且限定了“window”的具体内容,因此属于限制性定语从句;“where”在从句中充当地点或情境状语。

引导词·零引导 引导词功能·宾语 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR B2 14 词

Many people, myself included, have multiple areas of life they would like to improve.

包括我在内,许多人都希望改善生活中的多个方面。

解析

该从句位于名词短语 "areas of life" 之后,限制说明是哪些生活领域。关系词在 "improve" 后作宾语但被省略,可还原为 "areas of life that they would like to improve",因此属于限制性定语从句。

引导词·that 引导词功能·主语 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR B2 17 词

Water molecules have a particular bent shape that causes them to stack into clusters as they freeze.

水分子具有特殊的弯曲形状,因此在冻结时会堆积成簇。

解析

该从句紧跟名词短语“a particular bent shape”,限定说明是哪一种形状。关系词“that”在从句中作“causes”的主语;“that causes...”与先行词之间没有逗号,因此属于限制性定语从句。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 3 层 CEFR B2 27 词

Children who accurately guess how much was in their piggy bank(猪形储钱罐) get a prize, and free candies are handed out when the coins are exchanged for banknotes.

准确猜出自己猪形储钱罐里有多少钱的孩子可以获得奖品;把硬币兑换成纸币时,还会免费发放糖果。

解析

这是限制性定语从句,"who"在从句中作主语,修饰并限定先行词"Children";只有准确猜出金额的孩子才属于该范围。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 33 词

Parents who choose to help their children learn how to plan ahead, reflect on the past and self-regulate can make a huge difference in promoting good financial behaviour in the future, explains Whitebread.

怀特布雷德解释说,父母如果选择帮助孩子学会未雨绸缪、反思过去并进行自我调节,就能在培养孩子未来良好的理财行为方面发挥巨大作用。

解析

“who choose...”紧跟在先行词“Parents”之后,无逗号,修饰并限定父母的范围;“who”在从句中作“choose”的主语,因此是限制性定语从句。

02 · 定语从句

非限制性定语从句(英语六级真题 598 处,精选 25 句)

常见引导词: which 411 · who 100 · where 53 · whom 12 · as 7 · whose 7 · when 5 · 其他 3

引导词·which 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·整句 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 26 词

This is dependent on the children receiving enough pocket money to need an app to track their spending, which research suggests is not always the case.

这取决于孩子们是否能拿到足够多的零花钱,以至于需要使用一款应用来跟踪开支;研究表明,情况并不总是如此。

解析

这是非限制性定语从句,由逗号和"which"引出,补充说明前面的整个事实。"which"指代"孩子们有足够零花钱以至于需要记账应用"这一情况,并在"is not always the case"中充当主语;"research suggests"是插入在其中的研究判断框架。

引导词·which 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 27 词

Two proposals are before the state legislature that look to put some limits on ever-increasing rent prices, which some lawmakers say are contributing to rising homelessness rates.

州议会目前正在审议两项提案,旨在对不断上涨的租金设定一定限制。一些议员表示,租金上涨正导致无家可归率不断攀升。

解析

该非限制性定语从句由逗号隔开,补充说明前面的名词短语"ever-increasing rent prices"。"which"在关系从句的谓语"are contributing"中作主语;"some lawmakers say"是插入的评注结构,相当于"which, some lawmakers say, are contributing to rising homelessness rates",表示这是部分议员的判断。这里不能把"some lawmakers say are contributing..."另拆为独立的零引导宾语从句。

引导词·which 引导词功能·介词宾语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·非限制性定语从句 深度·第 3 层 CEFR C2 59 词

Perhaps the most dramatic example of the negative consequences of poor communication between scientists and the public is the issue of climate change, where a variety of factors, not the least of which is a breakdown in the transmission of fundamental climate data to the general public, has contributed to widespread mistrust and misunderstanding of scientists and their research.

或许科学家与公众之间沟通不畅的负面后果中最显著的例子是气候变化问题,其中多种因素——尤其是向公众传递基础气候数据方面的失败——导致了对科学家及其研究的广泛不信任和误解。

解析

which 引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词"a variety of factors",用逗号隔开。原结构是"a breakdown...is not the least of the factors",这里倒装为"not the least of which is a breakdown",which 作介词 of 的宾语。表语"a breakdown"前置到系动词 is 前形成倒装结构,强调"breakdown"这一因素。

引导词·which 引导词功能·介词宾语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 22 词

That observatory can detect different spectrums of light, which the hazy Plutonian atmosphere would be positively glowing with as it scattered sunlight.

那座天文台能够探测不同波段的光,而朦胧的冥王星大气层在散射阳光时,必定会发出强烈的光芒。

解析

该从句由逗号和关系词 "which" 引导,补充说明前面的 "different spectrums of light",因此是非限制性定语从句。关系词 "which" 位于介词 "with" 之后的隐含位置,作 "glowing with" 的介词宾语;从句内部的 "as it scattered sunlight" 是状语从句。

引导词·which 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 33 词

There are also some pocket-money-tracking and payment apps, such as RoosterMoney and goHenry, which are designed to be used by under-sevens, and which boast that they can help children develop good money habits.

此外,还有一些零花钱记录和支付应用,例如 RoosterMoney 和 goHenry,专为七岁以下儿童设计,并声称能够帮助孩子养成良好的金钱管理习惯。

解析

该从句由“and which”引导,与前一个非限制性定语从句并列,共同补充说明“apps”。“which”在从句中作主语,“boast”后接一个宾语从句,说明这些应用所声称的功能。

引导词·which 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·整句 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR B2 14 词

Some have reported seeing improvements in their health, which is really rewarding to see.

有人反馈说自己的健康状况有所改善,看到这样的结果真的令人欣慰。

解析

逗号后的 "which is really rewarding to see" 是非限制性定语从句;"which" 不指代某一个具体名词,而是指代前面“有人报告健康改善”这一整件事。"which" 在从句中作主语,"to see" 是形容词 "rewarding" 的不定式补足成分。

引导词·which 引导词功能·介词宾语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 40 词

As well as giving you space, this time also acts as a buffer between events, which can be borrowed from, should you be held up in a prior meeting, allowing you to still get to the next one on time.

除了给你空间外,这段时间也充当事件之间的缓冲,如果你在之前的会议中被耽搁了,可以从中借用,让你仍然能够准时到达下一个会议。

解析

"which" 引导逗号后的补充性定语从句,指代前面的 "a buffer" 或更具体地指可作为缓冲的这段时间;在从句内部,"which" 是介词 "from" 的宾语,即 "borrow from which"。从句用逗号隔开,删去后主句 "this time also acts as a buffer between events" 仍完整,因此是非限制性定语从句。

引导词·which 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·整句 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 51 词

Lots of websites will tell you that "wolf moon" is the traditional name of the first full moon of the year in "Native American" cultures, which is kind of a weird thing to claim given that there are 573 registered Tribal Nations in the US alone today, not to mention historically.

很多网站会告诉你,“狼月”是“美洲原住民”文化中一年中第一个满月的传统名称,考虑到仅在美国如今就有573个注册的部落国家,更不用说历史上了,这是一种有点奇怪的说法。

解析

该从句由逗号后 "which" 引导,属于非限制性定语从句;"which" 在从句中作主语,谓语为 "is"。它不是限定某个单独名词,而是回指前面整个说法,即把 "wolf moon" 称为某些文化中的传统名称这一主张。

引导词·which 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·整句 深度·第 1 层 CEFR C1 30 词

That results in an intimate connection between emotions, memories and scents, which is why memories triggered by scents are experienced as more emotional than those triggered by sight or sound.

那导致情感、记忆和气味之间的一种紧密联系,这就是为什么由气味触发的记忆比由视觉或声音触发的记忆被体验为更具情感性。

解析

which指代前面整个主句内容,在本从句中作主语,后接系动词is和表语从句why...(why引导的名词性从句作表语)。逗号隔开,属非限制性定语从句,对主句结果作补充说明。

引导词·which 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·其他成分 深度·第 3 层 CEFR C1 46 词

Many scientists believe that earth has now entered the sixth mass extinction, with humans creating a toxic mix of habitat loss, pollution and climate change, which has already led to the loss of at least 77 species of mammals and 140 types of birds since 1500.

许多科学家认为地球现在已经进入第六次大规模灭绝,人类造成了栖息地丧失、污染和气候变化的有毒混合体,这已经导致自1500年以来至少77种哺乳动物和140种鸟类的消失。

解析

该从句由逗号后的关系代词 "which" 引导,对前面的名词短语 "a toxic mix of habitat loss, pollution and climate change" 作补充说明;"which" 在从句中充当主语,谓语为 "has already led",单数谓语 "has" 也支持其指代单数先行词 "a toxic mix"。

引导词·which 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·状语从句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 50 词

But some people experience a powerful urge to keep eating, even after indulging in a huge meal, a behavior that makes little sense, as most adults are well-versed in the dangers of obesity, which researchers have shown correlates with innumerable health issues and is even linked to increased mortality risk.

但是有些人即使在享用了一顿大餐之后,仍然会有强烈的继续进食的欲望,这种行为没什么意义,因为大多数成年人都非常了解肥胖的危险,研究人员已经表明肥胖与无数健康问题相关,甚至与增加的死亡风险有关联。

解析

关系代词 "which" 引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 "obesity"。"which" 在从句中作主语,从句包含 "researchers have shown" + 省略 that 的宾语从句结构,宾语从句内有并列谓语 "correlates" 和 "is linked"。逗号将从句与主句隔开,符合非限制性定语从句特征。

引导词·which 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C2 46 词

This anecdotal evidence matches the conclusions of the study, which found no evidence that dietary diversity promotes healthy body weight or optimal eating patterns, and limited evidence that eating a variety of foods is actually associated with consuming more calories, poor eating patterns and weight gain.

这种轶事证据与该研究的结论相符,该研究未发现饮食多样性促进健康体重或最佳饮食模式的证据,且发现有限的证据表明食用多种食物实际上与摄入更多卡路里、不良饮食模式和体重增加有关联。

解析

"which" 引导非限制性定语从句,用逗号与先行词 "the study" 隔开,"which" 在从句中作主语,指代 "the study"。从句谓语为 "found",后接两个宾语从句作为并列宾语。

引导词·which 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C2 25 词

The ability to make inferences from same and different, once thought to be unique to humans, is viewed as a cornerstone of abstract intelligent thought.

从相同与不同中做出推断的能力,曾被认为是人类独有的,被视为抽象智能思维的基石。

解析

这是一个省略了关系词和 be 动词的非限制性定语从句,完整形式为 "which was once thought to be unique to humans",修饰前面的 "The ability to make inferences from same and different"。关系词 which 在从句中作主语,省略了 "which was",留下过去分词短语。从句说明这种能力曾被认为是人类独有的。

引导词·which 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 32 词

That's a point reinforced by another recent study, which found that wild spaces located within urban areas—and the plants and animals that thrive in them—are particularly important for human health and well-being.

这是另一个近期研究强调的观点,该研究发现位于城市区域内的野生空间——以及在其中茁壮成长的植物和动物——对人类健康和福祉特别重要。

解析

关系代词"which"引导非限制性定语从句,前有逗号与先行词"study"隔开。"which"在从句中作主语,指代"another recent study"。从句谓语"found"后跟宾语从句"that wild spaces...are important"。

引导词·which 引导词功能·介词宾语 指代对象·名词先行词 深度·第 1 层 CEFR C1 38 词

For the study, five groups of participants were presented with a different set of audio instructions, some of which encouraged the participants to think amiably about themselves and others which persuaded them to think in a self-critical manner.

在这项研究中,五组参与者被给予了不同的一套音频指令,其中一些鼓励参与者友好地看待自己,另一些则说服他们以自我批评的方式思考。

解析

"some of which" 中 "which" 指代前面的 "audio instructions",在 "of which" 中作介词宾语;整个逗号后的结构对这些音频指令作补充说明,删去后主句仍完整,属于非限制性定语从句。该从句内部包含 "some of which...and others which..." 的并列结构,共同修饰 "audio instructions"。

引导词·which 引导词功能·介词宾语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 43 词

One way we can check our internal biases and inconsistencies is through the social verification of knowledge, in which we test our ideas in a rigorous and systematic way to see if they make sense not just to us, but to other people.

我们可以检查我们的内在偏见和不一致之处的一种方法是通过知识的社会验证,在这个过程中我们以严谨和系统的方式测试我们的想法,看看它们不仅对我们有意义,而且对其他人也有意义。

解析

用逗号与先行词 "the social verification of knowledge" 隔开,"in which" 引导非限制性定语从句,which 在从句中作介词 in 的宾语(在这个验证过程中),对先行词作补充说明。从句内部包含目的状语 "to see..." 和宾语从句 "if they make sense..."。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 深度·第 1 层 CEFR C1 37 词

They are home to over six million people, who face repeated displacement from flooding and erosion—which may be getting worse because of climate change—and a range of health risks, including poor nutrition, malaria(疟疾) and other water-borne diseases.

它们是六百多万人的家园,这些人面临着因洪水和侵蚀而反复流离失所——这种情况可能因气候变化而变得更糟——以及一系列健康风险,包括营养不良、疟疾和其他水传播疾病。

解析

who引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词people,用逗号隔开。who在从句中作主语,从句谓语为face,宾语为并列结构"repeated displacement from flooding and erosion...and a range of health risks, including...",including引导的补充说明也属于从句内容的一部分。

引导词·which 引导词功能·介词宾语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C2 29 词

The overselling, he also found, was more prevalent among neuroscience studies, three quarters of which mischaracterized a mere association between music training and skills enhancement as a cause-and-effect relationship.

他还发现,过度宣传在神经科学研究中更为普遍,其中四分之三的研究将音乐训练与技能提升之间仅有的关联错误地描述为因果关系。

解析

非限制性定语从句,用逗号与先行词 "neuroscience studies" 隔开。关系代词 "which" 在介词 "of" 之后作宾语,指代 "neuroscience studies"。从句主语为 "three quarters of which"(其中四分之三),谓语为 "mischaracterized",宾语为 "a mere association between music training and skills enhancement",宾语补足语为 "as a cause-and-effect relationship"。从句补充说明了这些神经科学研究中有四分之三错误地将关联性描述为因果关系。

引导词·which 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·整句 嵌套父·主语从句 深度·第 3 层 CEFR C2 43 词

It's quite possible they're content with how the individuals they promoted are now performing, merrily ignorant of the damage they're actually causing, which might explain why, as the researchers conclude, those same middle managers are usually unaware that they are a bad manager.

他们很有可能对自己提拔的人现在的表现感到满意,愉快地忽视着他们实际造成的损害,这或许可以解释为什么正如研究人员所总结的那样,那些相同的中层管理者通常没有意识到自己是一个糟糕的管理者。

解析

which 引导的非限制性定语从句,指代前面整个主语从句的内容(即 "他们满意被提拔者表现却不知造成损害" 这一事实)。从句主干是 "which might explain...",包含宾语从句 "why... managers are unaware..." 及其内部的宾语从句。

引导词·which 引导词功能·介词宾语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 33 词

If the wooden frame of the towers had caught fire, it could have sent the bells—the largest of which, the Emmanuel Bell, weighs 13 tons—crashing down, potentially causing the collapse of both towers.

如果塔楼的木制框架着火,它可能会导致钟——其中最大的伊曼纽尔钟重13吨——坠落,有可能造成两座塔楼倒塌。

解析

"the largest of which, the Emmanuel Bell, weighs 13 tons" 位于破折号之间,对前面的 "the bells" 作补充说明;关系代词 "which" 作介词 "of" 的宾语,构成 "the largest of which",不能用 "that" 替换,属于非限制性定语从句。

引导词·which 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·整句 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C2 66 词

So the problem with deploying machine learning and artificial intelligence in agriculture is not that scientists lack the capacity to develop programs and protocols to begin to address the biggest of growers' concerns; the problem is that in most cases, no two environments will be exactly alike, which makes the testing, validation and successful rollout of such technologies much more laborious than in most other industries.

因此,在农业中部署机器学习和人工智能的问题不在于科学家缺乏制定程序和协议以开始解决种植者最大关切的能力;问题在于在大多数情况下,没有两个环境会完全相同,这使得此类技术的测试、验证和成功推广比在大多数其他行业中要费力得多。

解析

非限制性定语从句,用逗号与先行内容隔开,由"which"引导并在从句中作主语,指代前面整个表语从句"no two environments will be exactly alike"这一事实。从句谓语为"makes",宾语"the testing, validation and rollout"后接宾补"much more laborious",带比较状语"than in most other industries"。

引导词·which 引导词功能·介词宾语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 23 词

They're still constrained by funders, launch providers and a series of regulations—all of which rein in what CubeSat developers can and cannot do.

他们仍然受到资助者、发射提供商以及一系列法规的限制——所有这些都限制了立方体卫星开发者能做和不能做的事情。

解析

"all of which rein in what CubeSat developers can and cannot do" 由破折号引出,补充说明前面的 "funders, launch providers and a series of regulations";"which" 在 "all of which" 中作介词 "of" 的宾语,整个 "all of which" 在从句中作主语,因此这是非限制性定语从句。

引导词·which 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C2 52 词

That's why this new policy also includes directions to update the current U.S. Government Orbital Debris Mitigation Standard Practices, which already require any entity that launches a satellite or spacecraft to vigorously analyze the likelihood that any of their actions, from an unexpected failure or normal operations, will create more space debris.

这就是为什么这项新政策还包括更新当前美国政府轨道碎片减缓标准惯例的指示,该惯例已经要求任何发射卫星或航天器的实体必须积极分析其任何行动(无论是意外故障还是正常运行)产生更多空间碎片的可能性。

解析

which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词"U.S. Government Orbital Debris Mitigation Standard Practices",与先行词用逗号隔开。which在从句中作主语,指代前面的"标准实践"。从句内部还嵌套了两个子从句:that引导的定语从句修饰entity,以及that引导的同位语从句修饰likelihood。

引导词·who 引导词功能·主语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·比较从句 深度·第 4 层 CEFR C1 42 词

It turns out that the less skilled pianist spends more time looking at her fingers than does the expert who, in contrast, is more likely to be looking at the sheet of music, or looking ahead at keys he's not yet playing.

事实证明,技术较差的钢琴家比专家花费更多时间看自己的手指,相比之下,专家更有可能看乐谱,或者提前看他尚未弹奏的琴键。

解析

who 引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 the expert,用逗号隔开。从句主语是 who(指代 expert),谓语是"is more likely to be",后接两个并列的动名词短语"looking at the sheet of music"和"looking ahead at keys…",第二个短语中又嵌套定语从句"he's not yet playing"修饰 keys。

引导词·which 引导词功能·介词宾语 指代对象·名词先行词 嵌套父·主句 深度·第 2 层 CEFR C1 42 词

Companies play a big role in creating a circular economy, in which value is generating less from extracting new resources and more from getting better use out of the resources we already have—but they must also get customers engaged in the process.

企业在创建循环经济中发挥着重要作用,在循环经济中,价值的产生更少来自于开采新资源,更多来自于更好地利用我们已有的资源——但它们也必须让客户参与到这个过程中。

解析

"in which" 指回前面的名词短语 "a circular economy",并由逗号隔开,对循环经济作补充说明;"which" 是介词 "in" 的宾语,因此属于非限制性定语从句。

OVERVIEW · 收录数据

英语六级定语从句收录数据

真题实例
3867 处
英语六级历年真题全量标注
子类型
2 类
逐类分布与例句
精选例句
50 句
按子类型分组精选
出处试卷
24 套
历年真题卷

英语六级真题中定语从句的嵌套深度分布(以主句为第 1 层计)

  • 136 第 1 层
  • 2396 第 2 层
  • 1039 第 3 层
  • 230 第 4 层
  • 52 第 5 层
  • 11 第 6 层
  • 2 第 7 层
  • 1 第 8 层

英语六级真题中的定语从句共标注出 3867 处实例,按子类型分为 2 类:限制性定语从句 3269 处、非限制性定语从句 598 处。本页从中精选 50 句真题例句,出自 24 套真题卷,句长 13–129 词(平均 35 词),CEFR 等级构成为 C1 32 句、B2 10 句、C2 8 句。以主句为第 1 层计,这 3867 处实例最集中的位置是第 2 层(2396 处),最深嵌套到第 8 层。每句以高亮标出定语从句在原句中的位置,附中文翻译、逐句解析、出处试卷与卷面位置,并可进入单句详情页查看结构树逐层拆解。

FAQ · 英语六级定语从句

常见问题

关于英语六级真题中定语从句的出现频次、常见引导词与嵌套深度,最常被问到的问题。

英语六级真题中定语从句出现了多少次?
按懒笔记对英语六级历年真题句子的结构拆解统计,定语从句实例共 3867 处,其中数量最多的是限制性定语从句(3269 处)、非限制性定语从句(598 处)。
英语六级真题里定语从句最常见的引导词是什么?
英语六级真题定语从句实例中最常见的引导词依次是 that(1336 处)、零引导(903 处)、who(728 处)、which(612 处)。懒笔记按引导词给出各子类型的分布统计与对应真题例句。
定语从句在英语六级真题句子中通常嵌套多深?
以主句为第 1 层计,英语六级真题中的定语从句位于第 1 层的有 136 处,位于第 2 层的有 2396 处,位于第 3 层的有 1039 处,最深嵌套到第 8 层。层级越深,越需要先折叠外层结构再逐层展开理解。
懒笔记的英语六级定语从句例句是怎么挑选的?
懒笔记从 3867 处英语六级真题定语从句实例中,优先选取句子完整、解析完备、教学价值高的句子,按子类型分组共精选 50 句;每句都以高亮标出从句在原句中的位置,并附中文翻译、逐句解析与出处试卷。
英语六级定语从句的真题例句有多长、难度是什么水平?
懒笔记精选的这 50 句英语六级定语从句真题例句出自 24 套真题卷,句长 13–129 词,平均 35 词;CEFR 等级构成为 C1 32 句、B2 10 句、C2 8 句。最长的一句 129 词——这个长度的真题句通常主干后接两到三层修饰,先定位谓语动词找出主干、再逐层展开修饰,比从头顺读更快。
英语六级定语从句真题例句可以下载 PDF 打印版吗?
可以,免费且无需注册。英语六级定语从句真题例句精选的 50 个真题句子已排版为 A4 打印版 PDF,内容与网页版同源同数据,PDF 内的真题出处与站内链接均可点击,跳转到懒笔记对应页面。下载入口是英语六级定语从句真题例句页顶部的「句子 PDF 下载」按钮。

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