2017年12月·第2套 英语六级听力真题原文与答案解析

What is the man asked to do this evening?

对话开篇的直接交代+男方确认。答案句是女方开场的交代 give a short speech of thanks for the speaker this evening，紧接男方在 Yes. 中确认，'一问一答得到肯定'就是答案信号。

• give a short speech of thanks for the speaker↔Say a few words to thank the speaker致谢发言=说几句感谢的话

• B)原词陷阱Introduce the speaker to the audience. 借用了录音里反复出现的 speaker 一词，但男方是要'感谢'发言人，不是'介绍'发言人，动作完全不同，听到 speaker 就选 B 会中招。

  借用原文：speech of thanks for the speaker

• C)张冠李戴Give a lecture on the history of the town. 拼接了录音后文的 our town in the mid-18th century 等历史话题词，但讲本镇历史的是 Miss Bligh，不是男方今晚的任务，属张冠李戴式的原词陷阱。

  借用原文：our town in the mid-18th century

• D)未提及Host a talk on how to give a good speech. 用了 talk、speech 这些原词，但录音从没说男方要'主持一场关于如何演讲的讲座'，是凭原词无中生有。

  借用原文：short speech of thanks

What do we learn about the man?

被问者回忆往事时的自述动作句。答案句是男方回忆经历时的自述 I was in my early twenties. I joined the local history society.，年龄状语 in my early twenties 与动作 joined 一并出现，是承载身份信息的关键句。

• I was in my early twenties. I joined the local history society.↔He joined the local history society when young二十出头=年轻时

• A)原词陷阱He was the founder of the local history society. 用了原词 local history society，但录音说他是 joined（加入），不是 founder（创办），把'加入'偷换成'创办'，听到组织名就选会错。

  借用原文：I joined the local history society

• B)未提及He has worked with Miss Bligh for 20 years. 用了后文出现的 Miss Bligh 这个人名，并凭空造出 20 年共事；录音里他与 Miss Bligh 只是一次讲座上的偶遇，从无共事，是数字+人名的双重原词陷阱。

  借用原文：a lecture by a Miss Bligh

• C)张冠李戴He has published a book on public speaking. 借用了 She'd just published a book，但出书的是 Miss Bligh、且写的是本镇历史不是演讲，把她的事安到男方头上，是张冠李戴。

  借用原文：She'd just published a book on the subject

What does the man say about Miss Bligh?

谈及该人时的事实陈述句。答案句是男方介绍 Miss Bligh 时的事实 She was going to talk with slides about our town in the mid-18th century. She'd just published a book on the subject——她讲本镇历史、且就此出过书，正面陈述她在本镇历史上的造诣。

• talk with slides about our town in the mid-18th century↔had a good knowledge of the town's history讲本镇18世纪+出书=懂本镇历史

• A)与原文相反She was obviously better at talking than writing. 暗示她口才胜过写作，但录音说她 so nervous that she kept forgetting what to say, and she spoke almost in a whisper——讲得磕磕巴巴、声音小到听不见，恰恰说明她不擅长talking，与选项相反。

  借用原文：she kept forgetting what to say, and she spoke almost in a whisper

• C)偷换概念Her speech was so funny as to amuse the audience. 套用了录音的尴尬氛围，但 It was embarrassing. 说的是令人尴尬、不是逗乐观众，funny（搞笑）与 embarrassing（尴尬）含义相反。

  借用原文：It was embarrassing.

• D)原词陷阱Her ancestors came to the town in the 18th century. 借了录音里真念过的 mid-18th century，但那个世纪是她讲座的'主题年代'，不是她祖先迁来的时间，录音从没提她的 ancestors，是典型数字原词陷阱。

  借用原文：our town in the mid-18th century

What does the man say about the first time he gave a speech of thanks?

他自述致谢词时的口误+随后认错。答案句是他复述自己致谢词 We'd all like to thank Miss Bligh for blowing us her slides.（把 showing 说成 blowing），紧接 I felt terrible. I tried to apologize——'说完就觉得糟糕、要道歉'这一反应是认定他说错话的信号。

• thank Miss Bligh for blowing us her slides↔He made an embarrassing remark口误说成blowing=令人尴尬的话

• A)张冠李戴He read exactly what was written in his notes. 拼了录音里的 notes、read，但 I'll write down exactly what I'm going to say and read it carefully. 说的是'今晚'要照稿念，不是'第一次'；第一次他只是 make notes during the lecture 记笔记，并未照稿念，把今晚的做法错安到第一次。

  借用原文：I'll write down exactly what I'm going to say and read it carefully.

• B)张冠李戴He kept forgetting what he was going to say. 借用 she kept forgetting what to say，但忘词的是 Miss Bligh（She），不是男方（He），把她的窘况安到他头上，是典型张冠李戴。

  借用原文：she kept forgetting what to say

• D)张冠李戴He was too nervous to speak up 借了 she was so nervous 与 spoke almost in a whisper，但'太紧张、声音小到说不响'的是 Miss Bligh，男方反而 by the time Miss Bligh stood up to talk, I was feeling much better（轻松多了），与选项相反。

  借用原文：she was so nervous that she kept forgetting what to say, and she spoke almost in a whisper

What does the woman think the man should know?

提醒后紧跟的内容句。前面她说 there is something you should know about（有件事你该知道），男方追问 What's that?，她紧接着给出的这句 our rivals are offering extended credit terms 就是被点名的 "那件事"，应答即答案区。

• our rivals are offering extended credit terms to some of the retailers↔What their rivals are doing.具体动作概括为正在做的事

• A)原词陷阱原文确实念到 retailers，A 也写 What their retailers demand.，听到 retailers 就想选；但原文是 "对手向零售商提供"，零售商是被动接受方，根本没说 "零售商要求什么"。

  借用原文：retailers in the area

• C)过度推断她只是告知对手在做什么，并未谈 "我们要如何打败对手"。C 的 How they are going to beat their rivals. 借了 rivals 一词，却把 "通报情况" 过度推断成 "反击方案"，原文没有。

  借用原文：our rivals

• D)与原文相反对话开头她明说 Nothing dramatic.（没什么大事），D 却说 How dramatically the market is changing.，盗用 dramatic 一词却反了向，正是 "市场没有剧变"。

  借用原文：Nothing dramatic.

What does the woman think of Barratts Company?

转折 but 后才是真态度。前半 I know they are smaller than us 是让步铺垫，转折词 but 后的 we can't afford to ignore them 才是她真正的立场——不能忽视、得当回事。态度题的落点几乎都在 but 之后。

• we can't afford to ignore them↔They should be taken seriously.否定的否定等于肯定主张

• B)未提及B 说 They are rapidly catching up.（在快速追赶），原文只说对手 smaller than us，从未说他们在追赶逼近，属凭空添加的情节。
• C)偷换概念C 说对手 Their business strategy is quite effective.，但她全程没评价对手 "策略是否有效"，只说 "不能忽视"。这是把 "该重视" 偷换成另一维度 "策略有效"。
• D)过度推断D 说 Their potential has been underestimated.（潜力被低估），听感上和 "该重视" 很近，易被诱选；但原文谈的是 "现在不能忽视"，并未谈 "潜力被低估"，是过度引申。

What did the woman say about the letter from the tax revenue office?

被问者的直接应答。男方问 Did he find them?，她答 No，并补充关键一句 he was away before I could get hold of the letter——她自己 "还没拿到 / 还没看到那封信"。考点正落在被问者这句应答里。

• he was away before I could get hold of the letter↔She had not seen it yet.没拿到等于没看到

• A)张冠李戴原文确有人名 Tom got this letter，A 写 She had given it to Tom. 借了 Tom，听到就想选；但原文是 "Tom 自己收到了信"，不是 "她把信给了 Tom"，把收信人安成了受赠人。

  借用原文：Tom got this letter

• B)张冠李戴原文 Tom got this letter late yesterday and then went frantic，抓狂（frantic）的是 Tom；B 写 It simply made her go frantic. 盗用 frantic，却把抓狂者换成 "她"。

  借用原文：Tom got this letter late yesterday and then went frantic

• D)与原文相反Tom 收到信后 went frantic、又找账目未果，氛围明显是当回事；D 却说 It was not much of a big concern.（不算大事），与原文相反，且原文没人这样说过。

  借用原文：went frantic

What is the man thinking of doing?

提议句 How about + 对方确认。男方用提议句 How about selling that new motorcycle of yours in Indonesia? 抛出计划，女方随即确认 You mean export?，一问一答把这件 "打算做的事" 钉死为 "出口到印尼"。

• selling that new motorcycle of yours in Indonesia↔Exporting their motorbikes to Indonesia.卖到外国即出口

• A)张冠李戴We'd have to reorganize the whole company. 是女方提出的顾虑，男方随即反驳 Don't be silly. I don't intend starting next week.。A 的 Restructuring the whole company. 盗用 reorganize，却既非男方打算、又被他否掉。

  借用原文：We'd have to reorganize the whole company.

• B)原词陷阱forwarding agents 出现在 That's what forwarding agents are for.，那是回应运输难题的一句解释，不是他打算 "雇更多代理"。B 的 Employing more forwarding agents. 盗用 forwarding agents 却答非所问。

  借用原文：That's what forwarding agents are for.

• C)原词陷阱Jayal Motors 只是他们自家公司名 This is Jayal Motors.，原文从无 "与 Jayal Motors 合作" 之意。C 的 Promoting cooperation with Jayal Motors. 借专名虚构了一个合作计划。

  借用原文：This is Jayal Motors.

What do we learn about the report released this month?

报道开篇的自我定位句。录音第一句就交代了报道的主题与发现：A report on sleep and nutrition released this month found that…。篇章里“某报道/研究发现……”的开篇句，就是它对自身“在讲什么”的定位，是问报道内容时的天然答案句。

• A report on sleep and nutrition↔the link between bedtime and nutrition睡眠饮食 = 就寝与营养的联系

• A)与原文相反A 说报道“与现有研究冲突”，但第二段明说 This report corresponds with the existing scientific literature on bedtime and wellness.——corresponds with 是“吻合/一致”，与 A 的 in conflict with（冲突）正好相反。A 盗用了“existing research/literature”这个原词，却把方向反了。

  借用原文：This report corresponds with the existing scientific literature

• C)原词陷阱C 说报道“告诫不要过量喝咖啡和酒”，录音确实念到 consume more coffee, alcohol, refined sugars and processed meats——但那只是描述“夜猫子吃喝什么”的举例，报道并没有“caution against（告诫/警告）”过量使用。C 盗用了 coffee/alcohol 这两个具体原词来诱你“听到就选”。

  借用原文：consume more coffee, alcohol, refined sugars and processed meats

• D)未提及D 说报道显示“夜猫子工作效率低得多”，但全文只谈“夜猫子”的饮食、卡路里与体重，从未提及 work efficiently（工作效率）。D 借用了 night owls 这个原词，却安上录音根本没出现的“效率”话题。

  借用原文：“night owls” who go to bed between 11 p.m. and 3 a.m.

What does the study from the University of California, Berkeley, find about teens who go to bed late?

专名锚点+found that 的发现句。录音里出现题干同款专名 a 2015 study from the University of California, Berkeley found that…，紧跟的 found that 后面就是该研究的发现。专名是听力里最硬的定位锚，听到它就锁定后半句。

• are more likely to gain weight↔run a higher risk of gaining weight更可能长胖 = 长胖风险更高

• A)张冠李戴A 说“他们更注意食物选择”，原文里与 food choice 相关的是另一项研究 people who sleep more tend to eat less unhealthy food，且方向是“睡得多的人吃得更健康”，与“晚睡青少年”无关。A 把别处的内容安到了伯克利研究头上。

  借用原文：people who sleep more tend to eat less unhealthy food

• B)未提及B 说他们“比同龄人成就更低”，原文谈晚睡青少年只说会 gain weight，从未提及 achieve（成就）。B 里的 their peers（同龄人）确实在原文出现过（their peers who don't get as much rest），但“成就更低”是凭空安的。

  借用原文：their peers who don't get as much rest

• D)未提及D 说他们“更容易生病”，但伯克利研究只说更可能 gain weight（长胖），全篇没提 fall sick（生病）。D 是把“不健康”按常识引申成了“生病”，原文并无此话。

What should "night owls" do to reduce their consumption of unhealthy food?

if…they can 的建议句。录音结尾用条件+建议结构 if late sleepers want to…, they can go to bed earlier，they can… 正是给出的具体做法。这种“如果想……他们可以……”就是篇章里典型的建议信号，是问“该怎么做”的答案句。

• they can go to bed earlier than they usually do↔Go to bed earlier几乎原句保留的建议动作

• A)与原文相反A 说“晚起”，与录音建议的 go to bed earlier（早睡）方向相反。A 利用 get up/bed 这类“作息”原词制造混淆，但极性反了。

  借用原文：they can go to bed earlier than they usually do

• B)未提及B 带具体数字“每天睡8小时”，听着精确，但录音建议是“比平时更早睡”，从没出现 8 hours 这个量。B 是凭“睡够觉”的常识硬安了一个数字。
• C)未提及C 说“多运动”，按“减肥/健康”的生活常识很顺，但录音针对“减少不健康饮食”给的唯一做法是早睡，全篇未提 exercise。C 是常识替了文本。

Why has the Oscars ceremony been criticized?

评判信号 criticized for。句中 criticized for an all-white list of acting nominees 用 criticized for 直接点出"因……而被批评"，for 后面正是被批评的原因，这是定位原因题答案句最硬的信号。

• an all-white list of acting nominees↔All of the acting nominees are white.名词短语改写成完整句

• B)原词陷阱It has got too much publicity on TV. 借了原文反复出现的 TV/television 一词，但原文谈的是电影业比电视业"表现更差"，从未说典礼"上电视宣传太多"，属听到 TV 就想选的原词陷阱。

  借用原文：the film industry does worse than television

• C)未提及It is prejudiced against foreign films. 说的"歧视外国电影"全篇没有任何对应，原文批的是族裔/性别代表性不足，与外国片无关，属无中生有。
• D)原词陷阱Only 7% of the nominees are female. 盗用了原文的数字 7%，但原文 only 7 percent of films had a cast whose balance of race and ethnicity reflected the country's diversity 里 7% 修饰的是"族裔均衡的影片"，且这是研究数据、不是典礼被批的理由，数字与对象都被错配。

  借用原文：only 7 percent of films had a cast whose balance of race and ethnicity reflected the country's diversity

What do we learn from the research?

数字+群体的直陈句。句首 Just 3.4 percent of film directors were female 把数字 3.4%、群体 film directors、属性 female 三件套讲全，是数据题答案句的典型标志，听到"数字+某群体"就该锁定。

• Just 3.4 percent of film directors were female↔Only 3.4 percent of film directors were women.Just≈Only、female≈women

• A)原词陷阱22 percent of movie directors were people of color. 盗用了原文数字 22%，但原文 just 22 percent of TV series creators were female 里 22% 修饰的是"电视剧创作者中的女性"，不是"有色人种导演"，数字真、对象与属性全错。

  借用原文：just 22 percent of TV series creators were female

• B)与原文相反Half of the TV programs were ethnically balanced. 借了原文 half 一词，但原文 half the films and TV shows had no Asian speaking characters 说的是"一半影视无亚裔台词角色"，恰恰是不均衡，选项却说"一半节目族裔均衡"，意思反了。

  借用原文：half the films and TV shows had no Asian speaking characters

• C)与原文相反Only one-fifth of TV shows had black characters. 盗用原文 one-fifth，但原文 more than one-fifth of them had no black characters with dialogue 说的是"超过五分之一影视没有黑人台词角色"，选项丢掉了 no、还把"超过五分之一"说成"只有五分之一有黑人角色"，数字含义与正负全拧。

  借用原文：more than one-fifth of them had no black characters with dialogue

Who are regarded as "largely invisible" on TV shows?

引号原话精确命中。原文 women of color over 40 were regarded as "largely invisible" 里 largely invisible 与题干引号原话逐字相同，这种引号短语是听力里最强的定位信号，紧挨它的人群即答案。

• women of color over 40↔Females of color over 40.women≈Females 余皆同

• A)与原文相反Non-white males. 的"非白人男性"与原文被视为隐形的 women of color over 40（有色女性）在性别上正相反，原文从未把 invisible 安在男性身上。

  借用原文：women of color over 40 were regarded as "largely invisible"

• B)张冠李戴Program creators. 借了同段出现的 creators 一词，但原文 just 22 percent of TV series creators were female 里 creators 是另一项数据的主角，被视为隐形的并非创作者，属把别处的词安到本题。

  借用原文：just 22 percent of TV series creators were female

• D)原词陷阱Asian speaking characters. 搬来原文 no Asian speaking characters 的原词，但那是第 4 段讲影视缺亚裔台词角色的数据，与第 3 段"隐形"所指的有色女性不是一回事。

  借用原文：half the films and TV shows had no Asian speaking characters

What does the speaker say about Hispanics?

程度词 mostly 定最甚者。原文 the under-representation of non-white characters falls mostly on Hispanics 用 mostly（最主要地）把"代表性最不足"的帽子扣给西班牙裔，mostly 这种程度词正是答案信号，对应选项里的最高级 most。

• the under-representation of non-white characters falls mostly on Hispanics↔They are most underrepresented across TV and film.名词化转句、mostly≈most

• A)原词陷阱They constitute 17% of Hollywood movie characters. 盗用原文数字 17%，但原文 despite being about 17 percent of the U.S. population 里 17% 指的是西班牙裔占"美国人口"的比例，不是占"好莱坞电影角色"的比例，恰恰他们只占角色的 5.8%，数字对、对象错。

  借用原文：despite being about 17 percent of the U.S. population

• C)过度推断They contribute little to the U. S. film industry. 说西班牙裔"对电影业贡献小"，原文只讲他们"代表性不足"、并未评价其贡献，是把"出镜少"过度推断成"贡献少"。
• D)未提及They account for 8.5% of the U.S. population 给的 8.5% 在原文里根本没出现——原文说他们占人口约 about 17 percent of the U.S. population、占角色 5.8%，8.5% 是凭空捏造的数字。

What life insurance should a single person buy according to the speaker?

以"单身无人供养"点出对象后给出需求。录音先用 Jerry is single and has no dependents 点出"单身"这一身份，紧接着 the only life insurance he needs is enough to cover his debts and burial expenses 直接给出该身份对应的需求，这句正面应答题干，就是答案句。

• cover his debts and burial expenses↔covers their debts and burial expenses几乎原句对应、仅人称改写

• A)未提及provide for emergency needs 录音从未提到"应急需求"，单身者那句只说还债与丧葬，应急是凭常识想当然加上的。
• B)偷换概念pay for their medical expenses 把录音的"丧葬费用"偷换成"医疗费用"，二者都含 expenses 且都是开销，听到 expenses 就选会中招，但录音说的是 burial expenses（丧葬）而非医疗。

  借用原文：burial expenses

• D)张冠李戴ensures a healthy life for their later years 谈的是晚年健康保障，而录音对单身者只讲还债与丧葬；"later years/退休"是录音结尾给已成家者讲的内容，挪到单身者这题上属张冠李戴。

  借用原文：the emphasis on family financial security will shift from protection to saving for the retirement years

What should people do as their family increases in size?

建议句 it is essential to 给出做法。录音里 As the family increases in size 复现了题干的情形，紧接 it is essential to add more insurance on the breadwinner 用"必须做某事"的建议口吻给出做法，这种 essential to 的强建议句就是答案信号。

• add more insurance on the breadwinner↔Add more insurance on the breadwinner原句基本照搬

• A)与原文相反Purchase insurance for their children 盗用了录音里 children 一词，但录音明说 most people do not take out insurance on their young children，即一般不给小孩买保险，方向正相反。

  借用原文：most people do not take out insurance on their young children

• B)答非所问Save sufficient money for a rainy day 讲的是存钱应急，录音在"家庭变大"这一情形下讲的是给顶梁柱加保，存钱（saving）是录音结尾讲孩子独立后才提的方向，搬到这题属答非所问。

  借用原文：the emphasis on family financial security will shift from protection to saving for the retirement years

• C)原词陷阱Buy a home with a small down payment 几乎照搬录音 They have purchased a home with a small down payment，但那只是描述这家人已发生的背景情况，并非"家庭变大该做什么"的建议，是典型听到原句就想选的原词陷阱。

  借用原文：They have purchased a home with a small down payment

When should one change their life insurance?

转变信号 shift from…to 标出节点。录音用 As the children become financially independent 给出时间条件，再用 will shift from protection to saving 表明保险重心在此刻发生转变，这个 shift from…to 的转变信号正是"改变保险"的时机所在，是答案句。

• As the children become financially independent of the family↔When their children grow up and leave home孩子经济独立=长大离家的概括改写

• B)张冠李戴saved enough for retirement 盗用了录音里 retirement 一词，但录音说的是"孩子独立时"重心转向 saving for the retirement years，触发转变的是孩子独立，而非"已存够退休金"，把结果当成了时机。

  借用原文：saving for the retirement years

• C)未提及family moves to a different place 说的是搬家，录音通篇讲的是家庭人口与孩子成长阶段的变化，从未提到搬到别处，属凭空添加。
• D)未提及found better-paying jobs 说的是找到更高薪的工作，录音讲的是孩子经济独立这一节点，并未把改变保险挂在"换到高薪工作"上，属无中生有。

What does the speaker say about stereotypes?

极性反转的定调句。开篇先抛 "Stereotype" may sound like a bad word, but there's nothing bad about it.，再到 stereotypes are often positive——"听着像坏词、其实并无不妥、往往是正面的"这条极性反转线就是答案信号，说明它"未必是负面的"。

• stereotypes are often positive↔may not always be negative肯定正面 = 否定"总是负面"
• there's nothing bad about it↔may not always be negative"并无不妥"印证"未必负面"

• A)与原文相反They do more harm than good. 是"弊大于利"的负面定论，而录音明说 there's nothing bad about it，立场正好相反。

  借用原文：there's nothing bad about it

• B)未提及They have often been ignored. 说它"常被忽视"，但全篇讲的是其准确性、来源、影响，从未提到"被忽视"，属凭空添加。
• C)未提及They do not help build friendship. 看似贴合"群体关系"的话题，但录音谈的是"我们自己所属群体"的正面刻板印象，从没谈"是否有助于建立友谊"，是顺着话题硬接的无中生有。

What leads to the bias of stereotypes?

转折 But 后的归因句。前句说"基于无偏样本时才可靠"，紧接 But a lot of the information we get about human groups is through biased sources——转折 But 之后才是真正的成因落点，前半是铺垫。

• information we get about human groups is through biased sources↔Biased sources of information同词根的语序重排

• B)未提及Ignorance of cultural differences. 听上去与"群体偏差"相关，但录音把成因明确归到"有偏来源"，从未说"无视文化差异"导致偏差。
• C)原词陷阱Misinterpretation of Shakespeare. 盗用了下一段 Shakespeare's depiction of Shylock 的原词，但莎翁那段只是"有偏来源"的举例，且原文是"被夏洛克塑造误导"，不是"误读莎士比亚"，听到原词就选会落坑。

  借用原文：many Jews have been troubled by Shakespeare's depiction of Shylock

• D)张冠李戴Tendency to jump to conclusions. 与录音 we are good at drawing conclusions from them 形似，但原文说人"善于从刻板印象得出结论"是中性能力陈述，并非"急于下结论导致偏差"，张冠李戴。

  借用原文：we are good at drawing conclusions from them

What does the speaker say is a problem with stereotypes?

A second problem 明示的分论点句。A second problem is that stereotypes … can have a negative effect on the people that they apply to——A second problem is that 是作者亲口标出的"问题"，这种点题领起句就是答案信号。

• can have a negative effect on the people that they apply to↔may have a negative impact on people they apply toeffect=impact 的近义替换

• A)未提及They are hard to dismiss once attached to a certain group. 说它"一旦贴上就难摆脱"，全篇讲的是准确性、来源与负面影响，从未说"难以去除"，属凭空生造。
• C)未提及They persist even when circumstances have changed. 描述"情况变了仍顽固"，录音并无对应表述，是把刻板印象的常识印象当成原文内容。
• D)偷换概念They are often applied to minorities and ethnic people. 借后文 African-Americans 等少数群体的例子作联想，但录音说的是"对被套用者(不限族群)的负面影响"，把范围窄化成"常用于少数族裔"。

  借用原文：on the people that they apply to

What did one recent study find about stereotypes?

study found 后的发现句。One recent study found a sort of clever twist 领起后，紧跟 they do better than they would otherwise do 与 reminded of a positive stereotype that boosts their morale——"研究发现"后面这组因果就是答案信号。

• reminded of a positive stereotype that boosts their morale↔A positive stereotype may help one achieve better results提振士气→考得更好的概括
• they do better than they would otherwise do↔achieve better results考得更好=取得更好结果

• A)与原文相反They impact people more or less in the same way. 说影响"对所有人大体相同"，但研究恰恰发现正面与负面刻板印象作用相反、视提示内容而不同，与原文相反。

  借用原文：they do better than they would otherwise do

• B)偷换概念Some people are more sensitive to them than others. 说"有些人比别人更敏感"，但研究讲的是同一批人受"正面/负面"不同提示而表现不同，不是"人与人敏感度不同"，偷换了比较对象。
• D)与原文相反A negative stereotype sticks while a positive one does not. 盗用录音 stereotypes 与正负对照的语境，但研究明说正面刻板印象同样起作用(提振表现)，并非"正面的不顶用"，把结论说反了。

  借用原文：They're reminded of a positive stereotype that boosts their morale

What does the speaker say you should do when you have an adverse reaction?

you should后的建议句。答案信号是建议句式 you should stop taking the drug right away——题干问“应该做什么”，录音里 you should 紧跟的那个动作就是答案落点；这正是预读时说的“抓 you should 后的动作”。

• stop taking the drug right away↔Quit taking the medicine immediately.同义替换换了词不换意

• A)原词陷阱A 偷了录音里 over-the-counter 这个词（You should never use any over-the-counter drug on a regular, continued basis）制造熟悉感，但那段讲的是“别长期乱用非处方药”，根本不是“出现不良反应时改用非处方药”，属听到原词就想选的陷阱。

  借用原文：You should never use any over-the-counter drug on a regular, continued basis

• C)答非所问C 借了录音里 relieve 一词（Ask your pharmacist whether he can suggest a drug that will relieve the symptoms）显得耳熟，但录音说的是“先停药、再去问药剂师有没有能缓解症状的药”，是停药之后的后续步骤，不是题问的“出现不良反应当下该做什么”；先后顺序被偷换，且 C 没有提“停药”这个第一动作。

  借用原文：Ask your pharmacist whether he can suggest a drug that will relieve the symptoms

• D)偷换概念D 抓住录音里的 pharmacist（Ask your pharmacist whether he can suggest a drug）造熟悉感，但录音让你问药剂师的是“能否推荐缓解症状的药”，而 D 篡改成“让药剂师解释为什么会发生（explain why it occurs）”，录音从未让你去问原因，属张冠李戴式改写。

  借用原文：Ask your pharmacist whether he can suggest a drug

What does the speaker say about alcohol drinking?

锚词alcohol引出的后果句。答案信号是锚词 alcohol 直接领出的后果陈述 Alcohol may increase the effect of a drug——题干以 alcohol 为锚，录音里这句开门见山讲它的作用，就是答案句；破折号后的安眠药只是例子。

• Alcohol may increase the effect of a drug↔It may increase the effect of certain drugs.近乎原句的等值改写

• A)张冠李戴A 抓了录音破折号后 sleeping pills combine with alcohol to produce a sleepy feeling 里的“犯困”造陷阱，但产生困意的主语是“安眠药+酒精一起”，且那只是举例说明酒精会增强药效；A 把例子里的现象（犯困）当成酒精本身的主作用，张冠李戴，并漏掉题问的核心“增强药效”。

  借用原文：sleeping pills combine with alcohol to produce a sleepy feeling

• B)未提及B 说酒精“导致精神问题（mental problems）”，但全篇讲酒精只在第四段、只说它增强药效、产生困意，从未提到任何精神/心理问题，属凭印象添加的无中生有。
• C)答非所问C 的“严重伤肝”看似呼应录音里的 kidney damage（excessive use of some painkilling drugs may cause severe kidney damage），但那讲的是“过量止痛药伤肾”，与酒精无关，且器官是肾不是肝；C 把别段的药害硬安到酒精头上。

  借用原文：excessive use of some painkilling drugs may cause severe kidney damage

What does the speaker call on parents to do at the end of the talk?

结尾you can的呼吁句。答案信号是结尾面向家长的呼吁句 You can do your share…by treating all medicines with respect——题干问 at the end 呼吁家长做什么，录音末段 you can 引出的这句正是落点；by 后的 treating all medicines with respect 就是呼吁的具体做法。

• treating all medicines with respect↔Tell their children to treat medicines with respect.由家长自身做法收束到对孩子的告诫

• B)未提及B 的“把药放到孩子够不到处”是生活里最“正确”的防护做法，极易凭常识误选；但录音结尾呼吁的是“郑重对待药物、让孩子知道别乱用”，从未提到把药收起来/放高处，属常识替原文的无中生有。
• C)偷换概念C 借了录音的 medicines/children 等词显得耳熟，但把呼吁内容篡改成“确保孩子用优质药（quality medicines）”，录音通篇没提“药品质量好坏”，只讲“郑重/慎重对待药物”，所问之事被偷换。

  借用原文：Always let your children know that medicines and drugs should not be used carelessly

• D)原词陷阱D 抓住录音第五段开头的 legitimate（adult abuse of legitimate medicines）造原词陷阱，但那是讲“成人滥用正规药与毒品文化有关”的背景，根本不是结尾呼吁家长做的事；D 把背景词搬来拼成“让孩子用正规药”这一录音没说的呼吁。

  借用原文：adult abuse of legitimate medicines