2005年考研英语真题长难句

However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.

然而，这种公平感是在卷尾猴和人类中独立进化而来，还是源于这两个物种在3500万年前的共同祖先，截至目前仍是一个未解之谜。

So, if the provinces want to run the health-care show, they should prove they can run it, starting with an interprovincial health list that would end duplication, save administrative costs, prevent one province from being played off against another, and bargain for better drug prices.

那么，如果各省想要管理医疗保健事务，它们应该证明自己能够管理，从一份省际医疗清单开始，这份清单将结束重复、节省行政成本、防止一个省与另一个省相互竞争，并争取更好的药品价格。

So, if the provinces want to run the health-care show, they should prove they can run it, starting with an interprovincial health list that would end duplication, save administrative costs, prevent one province from being played off against another, and bargain for better drug prices.

那么，如果各省想要管理医疗保健事务，它们应该证明自己能够管理，从一份省际医疗清单开始，这份清单将结束重复、节省行政成本、防止一个省份与另一个省份相互竞争，并为更好的药品价格进行谈判。

Creating a "European identity" that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old Continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice – that of producing programs in Europe for Europe.

创造一个尊重不同文化和传统的“欧洲身份”——这些文化和传统共同构成了旧大陆的连接纽带——并非易事，并且需要一个战略性选择，即在欧洲为欧洲制作节目。

Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed – and perhaps never before has it served so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe.

电视是创造和传递这些情感的手段之一——并且或许以前从未像在欧洲最近的事件中那样，在连接不同民族和国家方面发挥如此大的作用。

Nor do they aspire to such command themselves.

他们自己也不渴望这样的指挥权。

However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different.

然而，当两只猴子被安置在分开但相邻的房间里，以便每只猴子都能观察到另一只猴子用石头换取到的东西时，它们的行为变得明显不同。

They're all groaning about soaring health budgets, the fastest-growing component of which are pharmaceutical costs.

他们都在抱怨不断飙升的医疗预算，其中增长最快的部分是药品成本。

If we are ever going to protect the atmosphere, it is crucial that those new plants be environmentally sound.

如果我们打算保护大气，那么那些新工厂必须是环保的，这一点至关重要。

However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell at first can suddenly become sensitive to it when exposed to it often enough.

然而，人们已经发现，即使起初对某种气味不敏感的人，当足够频繁地接触这种气味时，也会突然变得对它敏感。

The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that the brain finds it inefficient to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can create new receptors if necessary.

对嗅觉不敏感的解释似乎是大脑发现让所有嗅觉感受器一直工作是低效的，但在必要时可以创建新的感受器。

Just as on smoking, voices now come from many quarters insisting that the science about global warming is incomplete, that it's OK to keep pouring fumes into the air until we know for sure.

正如关于吸烟的问题一样，现在来自许多方面的声音坚持认为，关于全球变暖的科学研究还不完整，在我们确定之前，继续向空气中排放废气是可以的。

This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in, a fact underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks, no less than 50% took a loss in 1989.

仅此一点表明，电视行业并非一个容易生存的领域，统计数据强调了这一事实，该数据显示在八十家欧洲电视网络中，不少于50%在1989年出现了亏损。

A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears; by the late 1970s, neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just "mental noise" – the random byproducts of the neural-repair work that goes on during sleep.

一个世纪前，弗洛伊德提出了他的革命性理论：梦是我们无意识欲望和恐惧的伪装阴影；到20世纪70年代末，神经学家们转而认为梦只是“心理噪音”——睡眠期间进行的神经修复工作的随机副产品。

The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors available for unfamiliar and emergency signals such as the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire.

大脑发现最好让气味感受器可用于接收不熟悉和紧急的信号，例如烟味，这可能表明有火灾危险。

The president of the National Academy, Bruce Alberts, added this key point in the preface to the panel's report: "Science never has all the answers. But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future, and it is critical that our nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions."

美国国家科学院院长布鲁斯·艾伯茨在该小组报告的前言中补充了这一关键点：“科学从来没有所有的答案。但是科学确实为我们提供了对未来的最佳可用指南，并且至关重要的是，我们的国家和世界将重要政策建立在科学能够提供的关于当前行动的未来后果的最佳判断之上。”

As a linguist, he acknowledges that all varieties of human language, including non-standard ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressive – there exists no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complex ideas.

作为一名语言学家，他承认人类语言的所有变体，包括像黑人英语这样的非标准变体，都具有强大的表达力——世界上不存在不能传达复杂思想的语言或方言。

Canada's premiers (the leaders of provincial governments), if they have any breath left after complaining about Ottawa at their late July annual meeting, might spare a moment to do something, together, to reduce health-care costs.

加拿大的省长们（省级政府的领导人），如果他们在七月下旬的年度会议上抱怨完渥太华后还有力气的话，或许可以一起抽出点时间做点什么来降低医疗成本。

And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better.

并且一位权威人士说，这些极其强烈的心理活动不仅可以被利用，而且实际上可以被置于有意识的控制之下，以帮助我们睡眠和感觉更好。

Mr. McWhorter's academic speciality is language history and change, and he sees the gradual disappearance of "whom", for example, to be natural and no more regrettable than the loss of the case-endings of Old English.

麦克沃特先生的学术专长是语言历史及其演变，并且他认为，例如，“whom”一词的逐渐消失是自然的，并不比古英语词尾格的消失更令人遗憾。

This entails reducing our dependence on the North American market, whose programs relate to experiences and cultural traditions which are different from our own.

这需要减少我们对北美市场的依赖，该市场的节目涉及与我们自己不同的经验和文化传统。

He is not arguing, as many do, that we can no longer think straight because we do not talk proper.

他并不像许多人那样争辩说，因为我们说话不规范，所以我们再也不能清晰地思考了。

Basic economics suggests the greater the potential consumers, the higher the likelihood of a better price.

基础经济学表明，潜在消费者越多，获得更优价格的可能性就越高。

Both the Romanow commission and the Kirby committee on health care – to say nothing of reports from other experts – recommended the creation of a national drug agency.

罗曼诺委员会和柯比医疗保健委员会——更不用说来自其他专家的报告——都建议成立一个国家药品机构。

It is not easy to talk about the role of the mass media in this overwhelmingly significant phase in European history.

谈论大众媒体在欧洲历史上这个极其重要的阶段中的作用是不容易的。

With the risks obvious and growing, a prudent people would take out an insurance policy now.

随着风险明显且不断增加，一个谨慎的民族现在会投保一份保险。

In fact, though, we are extremely sensitive to smells, even if we do not generally realize it.

然而，事实上，我们对气味极其敏感，即使我们通常没有意识到这一点。

Russians have a deep love for their own language and carry large chunks of memorized poetry in their heads, while Italian politicians tend to elaborate speech that would seem old-fashioned to most English-speakers.

俄罗斯人深爱他们自己的语言，并且在他们的头脑中记住大量的诗歌片段，而意大利政治家倾向于详细阐述对大多数英语母语者来说似乎过时的演讲。

Moreover, the integration of the European community will oblige television companies to cooperate more closely in terms of both production and distribution.

此外，欧洲共同体的一体化将迫使电视公司在制作和发行两方面进行更紧密的合作。

But not all parts of the brain are equally involved; the limbic system (the "emotional brain") is especially active, while the prefrontal cortex (the center of intellect and reasoning) is relatively quiet.

但并非大脑的所有部分都同等地参与其中；边缘系统（“情绪大脑”）尤其活跃，而前额叶皮层（智力和推理的中心）则相对安静。

According to the Canadian Institute for Health Information, prescription drug costs have risen since 1997 at twice the rate of overall health-care spending. Part of the increase comes from drugs being used to replace other kinds of treatments. Part of it arises from new drugs costing more than older kinds. Part of it is higher prices.

根据加拿大卫生信息研究所的数据，处方药费用自1997年以来的上涨速度是整体医疗支出的两倍。部分增长源于药物被用于替代其他类型的治疗。部分源于新药比旧药更贵。部分是更高的价格。

Of course, the pharmaceutical companies will scream. They like divided buyers; they can lobby better that way. They can use the threat of removing jobs from one province to another. They can hope that, if one province includes a drug on its list, the pressure will cause others to include it on theirs. They wouldn't like a national agency, but self-interest would lead them to deal with it.

当然，制药公司会大声抱怨。他们喜欢分散的买家；那样他们可以更好地游说。他们可以利用将工作岗位从一个省份转移到另一个省份的威胁。他们可以希望，如果一个省份将一种药物列入其清单，这种压力会导致其他省份也将其列入他们的清单。他们不会喜欢一个国家机构，但自身利益会促使他们与之打交道。

They (particularly Quebec and Alberta) just want Ottawa to fork over additional billions with few, if any, strings attached.

他们（尤其是魁北克省和阿尔伯塔省）只希望渥太华额外支付数十亿美元，并且如果有的话，也几乎没有附加条件。

The brain is as active during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep – when most vivid dreams occur – as it is when fully awake, says Dr. Eric Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh.

匹兹堡大学的埃里克·诺夫辛格博士说，大脑在快速眼动（REM）睡眠期间——大多数生动的梦境发生时——和完全清醒时一样活跃。

Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life we don't always think about the emotional significance of the day's events – until, it appears, we begin to dream.

因为我们的意识心智被日常生活占据，所以我们并不总是思考当天事件的情感意义——直到，似乎，我们开始做梦。

Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of "goods and services" than males.

最重要的是，和人类女性一样，它们往往比雄性更加关注“商品和服务”的价值。

– and if I had to choose a slogan it would be "Unity in our diversity." A unity of objectives that nonetheless respects the varied peculiarities of each country.

——并且如果我必须选择一个口号，那它将会是“在我们的多样性中的团结”。一种目标的团结，尽管如此，它尊重每个国家的各种特性。

According to the Canadian Institute for Health Information, prescription drug costs have risen since 1997 at twice the rate of overall health-care spending. Part of the increase comes from drugs being used to replace other kinds of treatments. Part of it arises from new drugs costing more than older kinds. Part of it is higher prices.

根据加拿大卫生信息研究所的数据，处方药成本自1997年以来的上涨速度是整体医疗保健支出的两倍。部分增长源于药物被用于替代其他种类的治疗。部分源于新药比旧药成本更高。部分是更高的价格。

Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn't know for sure?

你还记得那些年吗？当时科学家们认为吸烟会害死我们，但怀疑者坚持认为我们并不确定。

Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, whereas others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers.

奇怪的是，有些人发现他们能闻到一种花的气味但闻不到另一种，而其他人对两种花的气味都敏感。

This is a dangerous game: by the time 100 percent of the evidence is in, it may be too late.

这是一个危险的游戏：当百分之百的证据都出现时，可能已经太晚了。

That's one reason why the idea of a national list hasn't gone anywhere, while drug costs keep rising fast.

那就是国家清单的想法没有进展的一个原因，而药品成本持续快速上涨。

Of course, the pharmaceutical companies will scream. They like divided buyers; they can lobby better that way. They can use the threat of removing jobs from one province to another. They can hope that, if one province includes a drug on its list, the pressure will cause others to include it on theirs. They wouldn't like a national agency, but self-interest would lead them to deal with it.

当然，制药公司会尖叫。他们喜欢分散的买家；他们可以通过那种方式更好地游说。他们可以使用将工作岗位从一个省份转移到另一个省份的威胁。他们可以希望，如果一个省份将一种药物列入其清单，压力将导致其他省份也将其列入他们的清单。他们不会喜欢一个国家机构，但自身利益会引导他们去处理它。

Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one.

然而，如果你得知一位同事得到了更大的一份（快乐），你自己的那份快乐可能就会消失。

Visualize how you would like it to end instead; the next time it occurs, try to wake up just enough to control its course.

想象一下你希望它如何结束；下次它发生时，尝试醒来足够控制它的进程。

Americans no longer expect public figures, whether in speech or in writing, to command the English language with skill and gift.

美国人不再期望公众人物，无论是在演讲中还是在写作中，能够熟练且有天赋地驾驭英语语言。

Sleep – or rather dream – on it and you'll feel better in the morning.

把它留到睡觉——或者更确切地说是做梦——的时候再想，早上你会感觉好一些。

At the end of the day, there's probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping or "we wake up in a panic," Cartwright says.

在一天结束的时候，或许根本没有什么理由去关注我们的梦，除非它们让我们无法入睡或者“我们在恐慌中醒来”，卡特赖特说。

Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be outraged.

的确，如果他有偷懒的名声，你甚至可能会感到愤怒。

One Italian example would be the Berlusconi group, while abroad Maxwell and Murdoch come to mind.

一个意大利的例子会是贝卢斯科尼集团，而在国外，麦克斯韦和默多克会浮现在脑海中。