2024年考研英语真题长难句

To those of you in the comments section who are having strong feelings about artifacts being removed from cities in the U.S. and Britain and returned to their countries of origin, I would ask you to consider why do you think Americans have more of a right to easily access the Benin Bronzes than the people of Nigeria?

致那些在评论区对文物从美国和英国的城市被移出并送回其原产国怀有强烈感受的你们，我想问你们思考一下为什么你们认为美国人比尼日利亚人民更有权利轻松接触贝宁青铜器？

"Some states require physicians to report, others allow but do not mandate reports, while a few consider a report a breach of confidentiality. There could be liability and penalties if a physician does not act in accordance with state laws on reporting and confidentiality," she counseled.

"一些州要求医生报告，另一些州允许但不强制报告，而少数州认为报告是对保密性的违反。如果医生未按照州关于报告和保密性的法律行事，可能会有责任和处罚，"她建议道。

This abrupt shift to an "intensive mothering narrative", which suggests that mothers should manage childcare alone, was likely to have been harmful.

这种突然转向“密集型母职叙事”的转变，表明母亲应独自承担育儿责任，这可能是有害的。

While the FTC is doing what it can to ensure apps are keeping their promises to consumers around the handling of their sensitive health information, the rate at which these health apps are hitting the market demonstrates just how immense of a challenge this is.

虽然联邦贸易委员会正在尽其所能确保应用程序在处理消费者敏感健康信息方面遵守对消费者的承诺，但这些健康应用程序进入市场的速度表明这是一个多么巨大的挑战。

Having said that, I do feel that whatever artifacts find their way to public museums should, in fact, be sanctioned as having been obtained on loan, legally purchased, or obtained by treaty.

话虽如此，我确实认为，任何进入公共博物馆的文物，事实上都应被认可为是通过租借、合法购买或条约获得的。

Part of the problem in keeping older drivers safe is that the difficulties are addressed piecemeal by different professions with different focuses, including gerontologists, highway administration officials, automotive engineers and others, said gerontologist Elizabeth Dugan.

老年病学家伊丽莎白·杜根表示，保障老年驾驶员安全这一问题的部分原因在于，不同专业领域的人士（包括老年病学家、高速公路管理官员、汽车工程师及其他人员）关注点不同，导致这些困难被零散地解决。

Not only will this foster political and social unrest, but it could, as Coyle suggests, hold back the sorts of AI technologies needed for regional economies to grow.

这不仅会助长政治和社会动荡，而且正如科伊尔所指出的，它可能会阻碍区域经济增长所需的各类人工智能技术。

"The American Medical Association advises physicians that 'in situations where clear evidence of substantial driving impairment implies a strong threat to patient and public safety, and where the physician's advice to discontinue driving privileges is ignored, it is desirable and ethical to notify the Department of Motor Vehicles,'" Menke wrote.

"美国医学协会建议医生，'在存在实质性驾驶障碍的明确证据表明对患者和公共安全构成严重威胁的情况下，以及当医生关于停止驾驶特权的建议被忽视时，通知机动车管理部门是可取且符合伦理的，'"门克写道。

"No college will expect that a student has a huge laundry list of extracurriculars that they have been passionately involved in each for an extended period of time," Rexford wrote in an email.

"没有大学会期望一个学生有一长串的课外活动，并且他们在每一项上都热情地参与了很长一段时间，"雷克斯福德在一封电子邮件中写道。

High school students who have had a strong positive influence on their community through an extracurricular activity may impress a college and win a scholarship, says Erica Gwyn, a former math and science magnet program assistant at a public high school who is now executive director of the Kaleidoscope Careers Academy in Atlanta, a nonprofit organization.

通过课外活动对其社区产生强烈积极影响的高中生可能会给大学留下深刻印象并获得奖学金，Erica Gwyn说，她曾是一所公立高中的数学和科学精英项目助理，现在是位于亚特兰大的万花筒职业学院的执行董事，该学院是一个非营利组织。

Primary care providers have their hands full and may not be able to follow through with patients who have trouble driving because they can't turn their heads or remember where they are going—or have gotten shorter and haven't changed their seat settings sufficiently to reach car pedals easily.

初级保健提供者手头工作繁忙，可能无法对那些驾驶有困难的患者进行后续跟进，因为他们不能转动头部、记不住要去哪里——或者变得更矮了，并且没有充分调整座椅设置以轻松够到汽车踏板。

The shallows provide homes for hundreds of species while storing floodwaters, filtering pollutants from water, and protecting nearby communities from potentially destructive storm surges.

浅水区为数百种物种提供栖息地，同时储存洪水、过滤水中污染物并保护附近社区免受潜在破坏性的风暴潮影响。

Perhaps museums and governments might explore some role for the use of nearly exact reproductions as a means of resolving issues relating to returning works of art and antiquities.

或许博物馆和政府可以探索将几乎精确的复制品的使用作为解决与归还艺术品和古物相关问题的一种手段的某种作用。

And it's a reminder that the EPA's involvement in the Chesapeake Bay Program has long been crucial as the means to transcend the influence of deep-pocketed special interests in neighboring states.

并且这是一个提醒，即美国环境保护局（EPA）在切萨皮克湾项目中的参与长期以来一直至关重要，作为超越邻近州资金雄厚的特殊利益集团影响的手段。

While hunter-gatherer children learnt from observation and imitation in mixed-age playgroups, researchers said that western "instructive teaching", where pupils are asked to sit still, may contribute to conditions such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

虽然狩猎采集社会的儿童在混合年龄的游戏群体中通过观察和模仿学习，但研究人员表示，西方的“指导性教学”——即要求学生静坐——可能会导致诸如注意缺陷多动障碍等病症。

"Distinguishing yourself in one focused type of extracurricular activity can be a positive in the admissions process, especially for highly selective institutions, where having top grades and test scores is not enough," Katie Kelley, admissions counselor at IvyWise admissions consultancy, wrote in an email.

"在某一专注类型的课外活动中脱颖而出，在录取过程中可能是一个加分项，尤其是对于竞争激烈的院校来说，仅有顶尖的成绩和考试分数是不够的，" IvyWise升学咨询公司的招生顾问Katie Kelley在一封电子邮件中写道。

Why are people who live within a day's drive of London entitled to go and see the Elgin Marbles whenever they want, but the people of Athens aren't?

为什么住在伦敦一日车程范围内的人有权随时去看埃尔金大理石雕，而雅典人却不能呢？

It is too easy, and misleading, to see such court rulings as merely standing up for the rights of land owners when the consequences can be so dire for their neighbors.

把这样的法庭裁决仅仅看作是为土地所有者的权利挺身而出，而其后果对邻居来说可能是如此严重，这太容易且具有误导性了。

After writing two books about the history of inventions, one thing I've learnt is that while it is the enchantingly sophisticated technologies that get all the hype, it's the cheap technologies that change the world.

在撰写了两本关于发明史的书籍之后，我学到的一件事是：虽然是那些令人着迷的复杂技术获得了所有的关注，但却是廉价技术改变了世界。

The Gutenberg printing press transformed civilisation not by changing the nature of writing but by changing its cost—and it would have achieved little without a parallel collapse in the price of surfaces to write on, thanks to an often-overlooked technology called paper.

古腾堡印刷机改变了文明，不是通过改变书写的本质，而是通过改变其成本——并且如果没有书写表面价格的同步下降，它本不会有什么成就，这要归功于一种常被忽视的名为纸张的技术。

In a paper published in the Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, researchers said that the western nuclear family was a recent invention which broke with evolutionary history.

在《儿童心理学与精神病学杂志》上发表的一篇论文中，研究人员表示，西方核心家庭是一种打破进化史的近代发明。

There is no good reason that these artifacts should be beyond the ordinary reach of the educational objectives or inspiration of the generations to which they were left.

没有充分的理由说明这些文物应该超出教育目标的普通可及范围，或超出它们所遗留的各代人的灵感可及范围。

Passing vision tests also produced a similar decline in fatal crashes for those drivers, although there appeared to be no benefit from combining the two.

通过视力测试也为那些司机在致命车祸方面产生了类似的下降，尽管结合这两种方法似乎没有益处。

They cannot be compared to works of art produced for sale which can be passed from hand to hand and place to place by purchase.

它们不能被与为销售而创作的艺术品相比较，这些艺术品可以通过购买在人与人之间、地方与地方之间传递。

While these apps have a great deal to offer, it is not always clear how the personal information we input is collected, safeguarded and shared online.

虽然这些应用程序有很多东西可以提供，但我们输入的个人信息是如何在网上被收集、保护和分享的，这一点并不总是清楚的。

Specifically, a 5-4 majority decided that wetlands protected by the EPA under its Clean Water Act authority must have a "continuous surface connection" to bodies of water.

具体而言，一个5比4的多数决定，由美国环境保护局根据其《清洁水法》授权所保护的湿地必须与水体有“连续的表面连接”。

The idea that one might burn down an entire house just to reclaim the nails underlines how scarce, costly and valuable the simple-seeming technology was.

为了回收钉子而烧毁整座房子的想法，突显了这种看似简单的技术是多么稀缺、昂贵且有价值。

It found that infants had an average of 14 alloparents a day by the time they were 18 weeks old and were passed between caregivers eight times an hour.

研究发现，婴儿到18周大时平均每天有14位共同养育者，并且每小时在照料者之间被传递8次。

According to Sichel, although the falling price of nails was driven partly by cheaper iron and cheaper energy, most of the credit goes to nail manufacturers who simply found more efficient ways to turn steel into nails.

根据西歇尔的说法，尽管钉子价格的下跌部分是由更便宜的铁和更便宜的能源驱动的，但大部分功劳归功于仅仅找到更有效方法将钢材制成钉子的钉子制造商。

All this was put at great risk late last month, when the U.S. Supreme Court issued a ruling in an Idaho case that provides the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) far less authority to regulate wetlands and waterways.

所有这一切在上个月末都处于极大的风险之中，当时美国最高法院在爱达荷州的一个案件中发布了一项裁决，该裁决赋予美国环境保护署（EPA）监管湿地和水道的权力大大减少。

"Again, since one of the big questions high school seniors must consider is 'What makes you unique?,' having an uncommon extracurricular activity vs. a conventional one is an advantage," he wrote in an email.

"再次，由于高中毕业生必须考虑的重大问题之一是‘什么使你独特？’，拥有一项不常见的课外活动而非传统的活动是一种优势，"他在一封电子邮件中写道。

However, college admissions experts say that the quality of a college hopeful's extracurricular activities matters more than the number of activities he or she participates in.

然而，大学招生专家表示，大学申请者的课外活动质量比他或她参与的活动数量更重要。

What intrinsic factors make the West a suitable home for these artifacts but preclude them from being preserved and displayed by their countries of origin?

什么内在因素使西方成为这些文物的合适家园，但阻止它们被其原产国保存和展示？

We can offer them a visit to Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge in Dorchester County where bald eagles fly over tidal marshes so shallow you could not paddle a boat across them, but teeming with aquatic life.

我们可以为他们提供一次前往多切斯特县黑水国家野生动物保护区的参观，在那里白头海雕飞越潮汐沼泽，这些沼泽非常浅以至于你无法划船穿过，但却充满了水生生物。

Experts say it is tougher to distinguish oneself in a school-affiliated extracurricular activity that is common among high school students than it is to stand out while doing an uncommon activity.

专家们说，在高中生中常见的学校附属课外活动中脱颖而出，比在从事不常见的活动时脱颖而出更难。

High school students who have an impressive personal project they are working on independently often impress colleges, experts say.

专家称，那些独立进行着令人印象深刻的个人项目的高中生往往能给大学留下深刻印象。

One of the biggest challenges in keeping unsafe aging drivers off the road is convincing them that it's time to turn over the keys.

让不安全的老年司机远离道路的最大挑战之一是说服他们是时候交出钥匙了。

The volatile chemicals produced by plants can be carried a long way, and they are very characteristic: Each plant or tree has its own particular odor signature.

植物产生的挥发性化学物质可以被携带很长的距离，并且它们非常具有特征性：每一种植物或树木都有其独特的气味特征。

Instead, says Coyle, resentment is simmering among many as the benefits are perceived to go to elites in a handful of prosperous cities.

相反，科伊尔说，怨恨正在许多人中酝酿，因为利益被认为流向少数繁荣城市的精英阶层。

"Not only are we facing a carbon crisis now, but we will also be facing a future construction crisis because of a failure to plant trees to produce wood," said Stuart Goodall, chief executive of Confor.

“我们现在不仅面临碳危机，而且由于未能种树来生产木材，我们未来还将面临建筑危机。”Confor首席执行官斯图尔特·古德尔说。

According to Dr. Nikhil Chaudhary, an evolutionary anthropologist at Cambridge University, these practices, known as alloparenting, could lead to less anxiety for children and parents.

根据剑桥大学进化人类学家Nikhil Chaudhary博士的说法，这些被称为“共同养育”的做法，可能会减少儿童和父母的焦虑。

Chaudhary said that parents now had less childcare support from family and social networks than during most of humans' evolutionary history, but introducing additional caregivers could reduce stress and maternal depression, which could have a "knock-on" benefit to a child's wellbeing.

Chaudhary说，现在的父母从家庭和社交网络获得的育儿支持比人类进化史的大部分时期都要少，但引入额外的照顾者可以减轻压力和母亲抑郁，这可能对孩子的幸福感产生“连锁”益处。

The FTC alleged in a complaint that "despite express privacy claims, the company took control of users' sensitive fertility data and shared it with third parties."

联邦贸易委员会在一份诉状中声称：“尽管有明确的隐私声明，该公司还是控制了用户的敏感生育数据并将其与第三方共享。”

Flo Health and the FTC settled the matter with a Consent Order requiring the company to get app users' express affirmative consent before sharing their health information as well as to instruct the third parties to delete the data they had obtained.

Flo Health和联邦贸易委员会通过一项同意令解决了此事，该同意令要求公司在分享其健康信息之前获得应用用户的明确肯定同意，并指示第三方删除他们已获取的数据。

If your conclusion is that the West is better able to preserve these artifacts, think about why you're assuming that to be true.

如果你的结论是西方更有能力保护这些文物，那么思考一下你为什么认为这是真的。

It would be absurd to try to track the changing price of sports cars since 1695, but to ask the same question of nails makes perfect sense.

尝试追踪自1695年以来跑车价格的变化是荒谬的，但对钉子提出同样的问题则非常合理。

I would ask that the foreign nations and the original country discuss the terms of transfer.

我将要求外国和原属国讨论移交条款。

It is a flawed line of reasoning to argue against returning artifacts to their countries of origin.

反对将文物归还给其原产国是一种有缺陷的推理思路。

But people can't be expected to embrace the changes if they're not seeing the benefits—if they're just seeing good jobs being destroyed.

但是人们不能被期望接受这些改变，如果他们没有看到好处——如果他们只是看到好工作被摧毁。

The experiment showed that elephants may well use smell to identify patches of trees that are good to eat, and secondly to assess the quality of the trees within each patch.

该实验表明，大象很可能利用嗅觉来识别可食用的树木区域，其次评估每个区域内树木的质量。