考研英语长难句精选

A Reddit webpage devoted to the phenomenon, boasting nearly 50,000 members, showcases images of local desire paths adorned with signs instructing pedestrians to adhere to designated walkways, underscoring the rebellious nature inherent in these human-made tracks.

一个致力于该现象的Reddit网页，拥有近5万名成员，展示了当地“欲望小径”的图片，这些小径上装饰着指示行人遵守指定人行道的标志，突显了这些人造小径中固有的叛逆性质。

Among the 10 worst performers were some of the most populous states, including Texas, which was given the lowest grade (F) and has a disproportionate influence because its textbooks are widely sold elsewhere.

在10个表现最差的州中，有一些人口最多的州，包括得克萨斯州，该州被给予最低等级（F），并且因其教科书在其他地方广泛销售而具有不成比例的影响力。

If not placing jobs at risk, to the extent employment protection laws constrain business owners from dismissing under-performing managers, those laws act as a constraint on firm productivity and therefore on workers' wages.

如果不将工作置于风险中，在就业保护法限制企业主解雇表现不佳的经理的程度上，这些法律会成为企业生产力的制约因素，因此也会成为工人工资的制约因素。

And if the postgraduate student population also grows rapidly and there is loss of a close apprenticeship relationship between faculty members and students, the student culture becomes the chief socializing force for new postgraduate students, with consequences for the intellectual and academic life of the institution-this was seen in America as well as in France, Italy, West Germany, and Japan.

并且如果研究生人数也迅速增长，并且师生之间紧密的师徒关系有所丧失，那么学生文化就会成为新研究生的主要社会化力量，这对该机构的学术和知识生活产生影响——这一点在美国、法国、意大利、西德和日本都能看到。

By the time that Shakespeare was twenty-five, Lyly, Peele, and Greene had made comedies that were at once popular and literary; Kyd had written a tragedy that crowded the pit; and Marlowe had brought poetry and genius to triumph on the common stage – where they had played no part since the death of Euripides.

到莎士比亚二十五岁时，李利、皮尔和格林已经创作了既受欢迎又具有文学性的喜剧；基德已经写了一部让剧院正厅挤满观众的悲剧；而马洛则将诗歌和天赋带到了普通舞台上取得胜利——自欧里庇得斯去世后，诗歌和天赋在普通舞台上就没有发挥过作用。

It is against that background that the information commissioner, Elizabeth Denham, has issued her damning verdict against the Royal Free hospital trust under the NHS, which handed over to DeepMind the records of 1.6 million patients in 2015 on the basis of a vague agreement which took far too little account of the patients' rights and their expectations of privacy.

正是在这样的背景下，信息专员伊丽莎白·德纳姆对英国国民医疗服务体系（NHS）旗下的皇家自由医院信托基金发布了她的谴责性裁决，该信托基金于2015年根据一项模糊的协议将160万患者的记录移交给了深度思维公司（DeepMind），而该协议几乎没有考虑到患者的权利以及他们对隐私的期望。

And interest groups ranging from postal unions to greeting-card makers exert self-interested pressure on the USPS's ultimate overseer – Congress – insisting that whatever else happens to the Postal Service, aspects of the status quo they depend on get protected.

并且从邮政工会到贺卡制造商的利益集团对美国邮政署的最终监督者——国会——施加利己压力，坚持认为无论邮政服务发生什么其他情况，他们所依赖的现状的各个方面都要得到保护。

If left to themselves, such trends will diminish the relative strength of the English language in international education markets as the demand for educational resources in languages, such as Spanish, Arabic or Mandarin grows and international business process outsourcing in other languages such as Japanese, French and German, spreads.

如果任其发展，这些趋势将会削弱英语在国际教育市场中的相对优势，因为对西班牙语、阿拉伯语或普通话等语言的教育资源需求在增长，并且对日语、法语和德语等其他语言的国际业务流程外包在扩展。

Rather, we ascribe meanings to texts on the basis of interaction between what we might call textual and contextual material: between kinds of organization or patterning we perceive in a text's formal structures (so especially its language structures) and various kinds of background, social knowledge, belief and attitude that we bring to the text.

相反，我们赋予文本意义是基于我们所称的文本材料和语境材料之间的互动：这种互动存在于我们在文本的形式结构（尤其是其语言结构）中感知的组织或模式的种类，以及我们带入文本的各种背景、社会知识、信仰和态度之间。

Precisely because readers from different historical periods, places and social experiences produce different but overlapping readings of the same words on the page–including for texts that engage with fundamental human concerns – debates about texts can play an important role in social discussion of beliefs and values.

正是因为来自不同历史时期、地域和社会经历的读者会对页面上相同的文字产生不同但又相互重叠的解读——包括那些涉及人类基本关切的文本——关于文本的争论能够在信仰和价值观的社会讨论中发挥重要作用。

But the Nobel Foundation's limit of three recipients per prize, each of whom must still be living, has long been outgrown by the collaborative nature of modern research – as will be demonstrated by the inevitable row over who is ignored when it comes to acknowledging the discovery of the Higgs boson.

但是诺贝尔基金会对每个奖项最多三名获奖者、且每位获奖者必须仍然在世的限制，早已被现代研究的协作性质所超越——这一点将通过在承认希格斯玻色子发现时关于谁被忽视的不可避免的争论得到证明。

In most of the homeless gardens of New York City the actual cultivation of plants is unfeasible, yet even so the compositions often seem to represent attempts to call forth the spirit of plant and animal life, if only symbolically, through a clumplike arrangement of materials, an introduction of colors, small pools of water, and a frequent presence of petals or leaves as well as of stuffed animals.

在纽约市大多数无家可归者的花园中，实际种植植物是不可行的，然而即便如此，这些构图常常似乎代表着唤起动植物生命精神的尝试，哪怕只是象征性地，通过材料的丛状排列、色彩的引入、小水池以及频繁出现的花瓣或叶子，还有填充动物。

There is no doubt that gardens evidence an irrepressible urge to create, express, fashion, and beautify and that self-expression is a basic human urge; yet when one looks at the photographs of the gardens created by the homeless, it strikes one that, for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak of various other fundamental urges, beyond that of decoration and creative expression.

毫无疑问，花园表明一种不可抑制的创造、表达、塑造和美化的冲动，并且自我表达是一种基本的人类冲动；然而当人们看着无家可归者所创造的花园的照片时，人们会突然意识到，尽管它们风格多样，这些花园表明了各种其他基本冲动，超越了装饰和创造性表达的冲动。

It was not until the mid-1980s, when amplifying age and sex differences became a dominant children's marketing strategy, that pink fully came into its own, when it began to seem inherently attractive to girls, part of what defined them as female, at least for the first few critical years.

直到20世纪80年代中期，当放大年龄和性别差异成为一种主导的儿童营销策略时，粉色才完全形成了自己的特色，当时它开始似乎对女孩具有内在的吸引力，这是定义她们为女性的一部分，至少在最初的关键几年是这样。

But it's interesting to wonder if the images we see every week of stress-free, happiness-enhancing parenthood aren't in some small, subconscious way contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience, in the same way that a small part of us hoped getting "the Rachel" might make us look just a little bit like Jennifer Aniston.

但是有趣的是思考我们每周看到的无压力、增强幸福感的为人父母的形象是否在某种微小的、潜意识的方式上加剧了我们自己对实际体验的不满，就像我们中的一小部分人曾希望剪“瑞秋”发型可能会让我们看起来有一点点像詹妮弗·安妮斯顿一样。

The phrase "less is more" was actually first popularized by a German, the architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, who like other people associated with the Bauhaus, a school of design, emigrated to the United States before World War II and took up posts at American architecture schools.

“少即是多”这一短语实际上最初是由一位德国人推广开来的，他就是建筑师路德维希·密斯·凡德罗，这位建筑师与包豪斯设计学院有关联，和其他与该学院有关联的人一样，在二战前移民到美国，并在美国建筑学院担任教职。

From the middle-class family perspective, much of this, understandably, looks far less like an opportunity to exercise more financial responsibility, and a good deal more like a frightening acceleration of the wholesale shift of financial risk onto their already overburdened shoulders.

从中产阶级家庭的角度来看，可以理解的是，这在很大程度上看起来远不像是一个承担更多经济责任的机会，而更像是一个令人恐惧的加速过程，即将金融风险大规模转移到他们本已不堪重负的肩膀上。

Just as bosses and boards have finally sorted out their worst accounting and compliance troubles, and improved their feeble corporation governance, a new problem threatens to earn them – especially in America – the sort of nasty headlines that inevitably lead to heads rolling in the executive suite: data insecurity.

正当老板们和董事会最终解决了他们最严重的会计和合规问题，并改善了他们薄弱的公司治理时，一个新的问题——尤其在美国——可能为他们赢得那种不可避免地导致高管层人头不保的负面头条：数据不安全。

It is worrisome that society is medicalizing more and more behavioral problems, often defining as addictions what earlier, sterner generations explained as weakness of will.

令人担忧的是，社会正在将越来越多的行为问题医学化，常常将早期更严厉的几代人解释为意志力薄弱的问题定义为成瘾。

However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.

然而，这种公平感是在卷尾猴和人类中独立进化而来，还是源于这两个物种在3500万年前的共同祖先，截至目前仍是一个未解之谜。

On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.

在另一个层面上，医学界的许多人承认，协助自杀的争论部分是由病人的绝望情绪引发的，现代医学延长了这些病人临终时的身体痛苦。

I have discovered, as perhaps Kelsey will after her much-publicized resignation from the editorship of She after a build-up of stress, that abandoning the doctrine of "juggling your life", and making the alternative move into "downshifting" brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status.

我发现，或许凯尔西在她因压力积累而广为人知地辞去《她》杂志主编职务之后也会发现，放弃“兼顾生活”的信条，并选择“慢生活”这种替代方案，会带来远超财务成功和社会地位的巨大回报。

Nor, if regularity and conformity to a standard pattern are as desirable to the scientist as the writing of his papers would appear to reflect, is management to be blamed for discriminating against the "odd balls" among researchers in favor of more conventional thinkers who "work well with the team".

如果规律性和符合标准模式对科学家而言，如同其论文写作所似乎反映的那样，是同样可取的，那么管理层也不应因歧视研究人员中的“怪人”而偏向那些“与团队合作良好”的更传统思想家而受到指责。

The panel has not yet reached agreement on a crucial question, however, whether to recommend legislation that would make it a crime for private funding to be used for human cloning.

然而，该专门小组尚未就一个关键问题达成协议，即是否建议立法，将私人资金用于人类克隆定为犯罪。

Rather, we ascribe meanings to texts on the basis of interaction between what we might call textual and contextual material: between kinds of organization or patterning we perceive in a text's formal structures (so especially its language structures) and various kinds of background, social knowledge, belief and attitude that we bring to the text.

更确切地说，我们将意义归因于文本，是基于我们可称之为文本材料与语境材料之间的相互作用：即我们在文本的形式结构（尤其是其语言结构）中感知到的各种组织或模式，与我们带入文本的各种背景、社会知识、信念及态度之间的相互作用。

It wasn't until the phrase "scientific literacy" came along in the 1940s that science had the formidable slogan it needed to command public attention and make improving science education an important national goal.

直到“科学素养”这个词在20世纪40年代出现，科学才有了它所需要的强有力的口号来引起公众注意，并使改进科学教育成为一个重要的国家目标。

Educators advanced the idea of having students complete detailed laboratory exercises in high schools in the belief that such work was beneficial primarily as a way to enhance logical reasoning and observational skills.

教育工作者提出了让学生在高中完成详细的实验室练习的想法，其信念是这种工作主要作为增强逻辑推理和观察技能的一种方式是有益的。

Back then platforms such as Netflix, Amazon and Apple TV hemorrhaged billions of dollars to generate content to attract new subscribers, resulting in 633 scripted series being released that year.

当时，诸如Netflix、亚马逊和Apple TV等平台耗费了数十亿美元来创作内容以吸引新用户，导致那一年有633部有剧本的系列剧被发布。

This clash highlights an ongoing struggle between the organic, user-driven evolution of public spaces and the desire for a visually curated and controlled urban environment.

这场冲突凸显了公共空间的有机、用户驱动的演变与对视觉上精心策划和受控制的城市环境的渴望之间的持续斗争。

But the age of streaming has been a boon for some unintended winners: pirates that use software to rip a film or television show in seconds from legitimate online video platforms and host the titles on their own, illegitimate services, which rake in about $2 billion annually from ads and subscriptions.

但流媒体时代对一些意外赢家来说是福音：那些使用软件在几秒钟内从合法在线视频平台上窃取电影或电视节目，并在自己的非法服务上托管这些内容的盗版者，这些非法服务每年从广告和订阅中获得约20亿美元。

Often appearing as trodden dirt tracks through otherwise neat green spaces, these routes of collective disobedience cut corners, bisect lawns and cross hills, representing the natural capability of people (and animals) to go from point A to point B most effectively.

这些集体抗命的路径，常表现为穿过原本整洁绿地的踩踏泥径，抄近路、分割草坪并翻越山丘，代表着人（和动物）从A点到B点最有效地行进的自然能力。

It is unarguable that our laboratories, scientific instruments, rockets and satellites—the tools we scientists need to measure the planet's pulse—demand significant amounts of energy both in their construction and operation.

无可争辩的是，我们的实验室、科学仪器、火箭和卫星——这些我们科学家用来测量地球脉搏所需的工具——在其建造和运行过程中都需要大量的能源。

These groups of people are part of a rapidly expanding biotechnological social movement of citizen scientists and professional scientists seeking to take discovery out of institutions and put it into the hands of anyone with the enthusiasm.

这些人群是一个快速发展的生物技术社会运动的一部分，该运动由公民科学家和专业科学家组成，他们寻求将发现从机构中带出来，并将其交到任何有热情的人手中。

With no video production costs, illegal streaming sites have achieved profit margins approaching 90%, according to the Motion Picture Association (MPA), a trade group representing Hollywood studios that's working to crack down on the thousands of illegal platforms that have cropped up in recent years.

由于没有视频制作成本，非法流媒体网站已经实现了接近90%的利润率，根据代表好莱坞制片厂的行业组织——电影协会（MPA）的说法，该组织正致力于打击近年来大量涌现的非法平台。

To those of you in the comments section who are having strong feelings about artifacts being removed from cities in the U.S. and Britain and returned to their countries of origin, I would ask you to consider why do you think Americans have more of a right to easily access the Benin Bronzes than the people of Nigeria?

致那些在评论区对文物从美国和英国的城市被移出并送回其原产国怀有强烈感受的你们，我想问你们思考一下为什么你们认为美国人比尼日利亚人民更有权利轻松接触贝宁青铜器？

"Some states require physicians to report, others allow but do not mandate reports, while a few consider a report a breach of confidentiality. There could be liability and penalties if a physician does not act in accordance with state laws on reporting and confidentiality," she counseled.

"一些州要求医生报告，另一些州允许但不强制报告，而少数州认为报告是对保密性的违反。如果医生未按照州关于报告和保密性的法律行事，可能会有责任和处罚，"她建议道。

This abrupt shift to an "intensive mothering narrative", which suggests that mothers should manage childcare alone, was likely to have been harmful.

这种突然转向“密集型母职叙事”的转变，表明母亲应独自承担育儿责任，这可能是有害的。

While the FTC is doing what it can to ensure apps are keeping their promises to consumers around the handling of their sensitive health information, the rate at which these health apps are hitting the market demonstrates just how immense of a challenge this is.

虽然联邦贸易委员会正在尽其所能确保应用程序在处理消费者敏感健康信息方面遵守对消费者的承诺，但这些健康应用程序进入市场的速度表明这是一个多么巨大的挑战。

Having said that, I do feel that whatever artifacts find their way to public museums should, in fact, be sanctioned as having been obtained on loan, legally purchased, or obtained by treaty.

话虽如此，我确实认为，任何进入公共博物馆的文物，事实上都应被认可为是通过租借、合法购买或条约获得的。

Part of the problem in keeping older drivers safe is that the difficulties are addressed piecemeal by different professions with different focuses, including gerontologists, highway administration officials, automotive engineers and others, said gerontologist Elizabeth Dugan.

老年病学家伊丽莎白·杜根表示，保障老年驾驶员安全这一问题的部分原因在于，不同专业领域的人士（包括老年病学家、高速公路管理官员、汽车工程师及其他人员）关注点不同，导致这些困难被零散地解决。

Not only will this foster political and social unrest, but it could, as Coyle suggests, hold back the sorts of AI technologies needed for regional economies to grow.

这不仅会助长政治和社会动荡，而且正如科伊尔所指出的，它可能会阻碍区域经济增长所需的各类人工智能技术。

Branch points out that, even if a growing number of official guidelines and textbooks reflect scientific consensus on climate change, unofficial educational materials that convey more slanted perspectives are being distributed to teachers.

布兰奇指出，即使越来越多的官方指南和教科书反映了关于气候变化的科学共识，传达更多有偏见观点的非官方教育材料正在被分发给教师。

A study last year by the National Center for Science Education, a non-profit group of scientists and teachers, looking at how state public schools across the country address climate change in science classes, gave barely half of US states a grade B+ or higher.

去年由国家科学教育中心（一个由科学家和教师组成的非营利组织）开展的一项研究，该研究调查了全国各地的州立公立学校如何在科学课堂上应对气候变化，仅给美国半数州打了B+或更高的等级。

Another issue is that while climate change is well integrated into some subjects and at some ages—such as earth and space sciences in high schools—it is not as well represented in curricula for younger children and in subjects that are more widely taught, such as biology and chemistry.

另一个问题是，虽然气候变化被很好地整合到一些学科和某些年龄段中——例如高中的地球与空间科学——但在幼儿的课程以及更广泛教授的学科（如生物学和化学）中，它的代表性并不那么高。

Big-name PRH authors may suffer a bit, but it's those mid-list authors, who normally rely on Waterstones staff's passion for promoting books by lesser-known writers, who will be praying for an end to the dispute.

大名鼎鼎的企鹅兰登书屋作者可能会受一点影响，但正是那些中游作家，他们通常依靠水石书店员工推广小众作家书籍的热情，将会祈祷这场争端的结束。

Plant biology is complex and fascinating, but it differs so greatly from that of animals that so-called evidence of plants' intelligence is inconclusive, the authors wrote.

植物生物学是复杂且迷人的，但它与动物生物学差异如此之大，以至于所谓的植物智能证据是不确定的，作者写道。

We're fairly good at judging people based on first impressions, thin slices of experience ranging from a glimpse of a photo to five-minute interaction, and deliberation can be not only extraneous but intrusive.

我们相当擅长基于第一印象、从瞥一眼照片到五分钟互动的少量经验片段来评判他人，而且深思熟虑不仅可能是多余的，还可能是干扰性的。

Ambady suspected that deliberation focused them on vivid but misleading cues, such as certain gestures or utterances, rather than letting the complex interplay of subtle signals form a holistic impression.

安巴迪怀疑，深思熟虑使他们专注于生动但具有误导性的线索，例如某些手势或话语，而不是让微妙信号的复杂相互作用形成整体印象。

That's why there has been such a strong demand for rules that would prevent broadband providers from picking winners and losers online, preserving the freedom and innovation that have been the lifeblood of the Internet.

这就是为什么一直存在如此强烈的规则需求，这些规则将阻止宽带提供商在线挑选赢家和输家，维护作为互联网生命线的自由和创新。

Given their combined market value of more than $5.5 trillion, rifling through such small deals—many of them much less prominent than Wunderlist and Sunrise—might seem beside the point.

考虑到它们超过5.5万亿美元的总市值，仔细检查这些小型交易——其中许多远不如Wunderlist和Sunrise那么知名——可能似乎离题了。